Josephus Book 25a From the Coming of Titus to besiege Jerusalem to the Great Extremity to which the

the Wars of the Jews by Josephus the Wars of the Jews by Josephus translated by William Weston book 5 translated by William Weston book 5 translated by William Weston book 5 containing the interval of near six containing the interval of near six containing the interval of near six months from the coming of Titus to months from the coming of Titus to months from the coming of Titus to besieged Jerusalem to the great besieged Jerusalem to the great besieged Jerusalem to the great extremity to which the Jews were reduced extremity to which the Jews were reduced extremity to which the Jews were reduced chapter one concerning the seditions at chapter one concerning the seditions at chapter one concerning the seditions at Jerusalem and what terrible miseries Jerusalem and what terrible miseries Jerusalem and what terrible miseries afflicted the city by their means when afflicted the city by their means when afflicted the city by their means when therefore Titus had marched over that therefore Titus had marched over that therefore Titus had marched over that desert which lies between Egypt and desert which lies between Egypt and desert which lies between Egypt and Syria in the manner for mentioned he Syria in the manner for mentioned he Syria in the manner for mentioned he came to Caesarea having resolved to set came to Caesarea having resolved to set came to Caesarea having resolved to set his forces in order at that place before his forces in order at that place before his forces in order at that place before he began the war nay indeed while he was he began the war nay indeed while he was he began the war nay indeed while he was assisting his father at Alexandria in assisting his father at Alexandria in assisting his father at Alexandria in settling that government which had been settling that government which had been settling that government which had been newly conferred upon them by God it so newly conferred upon them by God it so newly conferred upon them by God it so happened that the Sedition at Jerusalem happened that the Sedition at Jerusalem happened that the Sedition at Jerusalem was revived and parted into three was revived and parted into three was revived and parted into three factions and that one faction fought factions and that one faction fought factions and that one faction fought against the other which partition in against the other which partition in against the other which partition in such evil cases may be said to be a good such evil cases may be said to be a good such evil cases may be said to be a good thing and the effect of divine justice thing and the effect of divine justice thing and the effect of divine justice now as to the attack the zealots made now as to the attack the zealots made now as to the attack the zealots made upon the people and which I esteemed the upon the people and which I esteemed the upon the people and which I esteemed the beginning of the city's destruction it beginning of the city's destruction it beginning of the city's destruction it hath been already explained after an hath been already explained after an hath been already explained after an accurate manner as also whence it arose accurate manner as also whence it arose accurate manner as also whence it arose and to how great a mischief it was and to how great a mischief it was and to how great a mischief it was increased but for the present sedition increased but for the present sedition increased but for the present sedition one should not mistake if he called it a one should not mistake if he called it a one should not mistake if he called it a sedition begotten by another sedition sedition begotten by another sedition sedition begotten by another sedition and to be like a wild beast grown mad

and to be like a wild beast grown mad and to be like a wild beast grown mad which for want of food from abroad fell which for want of food from abroad fell which for want of food from abroad fell now upon eating its own flesh for now upon eating its own flesh for now upon eating its own flesh for Eliezer the son of Simon who made the Eliezer the son of Simon who made the Eliezer the son of Simon who made the first separation of the zealots from the first separation of the zealots from the first separation of the zealots from the people and made them retire into the people and made them retire into the people and made them retire into the temple appeared very angry at John's temple appeared very angry at John's temple appeared very angry at John's insolent attempts which he made every insolent attempts which he made every insolent attempts which he made every day upon the people for this man never day upon the people for this man never day upon the people for this man never left off murdering but the truth was left off murdering but the truth was left off murdering but the truth was that he could not bear to submit to a that he could not bear to submit to a that he could not bear to submit to a tyrant who set up after him so he being tyrant who set up after him so he being tyrant who set up after him so he being desirous of desirous of desirous of the entire power and Dominion to himself the entire power and Dominion to himself the entire power and Dominion to himself revolted from John and took to his revolted from John and took to his revolted from John and took to his assistance judas the son of cephalus ace assistance judas the son of cephalus ace assistance judas the son of cephalus ace and simon the son of s ron who were and simon the son of s ron who were and simon the son of s ron who were among the men of greatest power among the men of greatest power among the men of greatest power there was also with him Hezekiah the son there was also with him Hezekiah the son there was also with him Hezekiah the son of Khobar a person of imminence each of of Khobar a person of imminence each of of Khobar a person of imminence each of these were followed by a great many of these were followed by a great many of these were followed by a great many of the zealots these seized upon the inner the zealots these seized upon the inner the zealots these seized upon the inner Court of the temple and laid their arms Court of the temple and laid their arms Court of the temple and laid their arms upon the holy gates and over the holy upon the holy gates and over the holy upon the holy gates and over the holy fronts of that court footnote this fronts of that court footnote this fronts of that court footnote this appears to be the first time that the appears to be the first time that the appears to be the first time that the zealots ventured to pollute this most zealots ventured to pollute this most zealots ventured to pollute this most sacred court of the temple which was the sacred court of the temple which was the sacred court of the temple which was the court of the priests wherein the temple court of the priests wherein the temple court of the priests wherein the temple itself and the altar stood so that the itself and the altar stood so that the itself and the altar stood so that the conjecture of those that would interpret

conjecture of those that would interpret conjecture of those that would interpret that Zacharias who was slain quote that Zacharias who was slain quote that Zacharias who was slain quote between the temple and the altar several between the temple and the altar several between the temple and the altar several months before as if he were slain there months before as if he were slain there months before as if he were slain there by these zealots his groundless as I had by these zealots his groundless as I had by these zealots his groundless as I had noted on that place already and footnote noted on that place already and footnote noted on that place already and footnote and because they had plenty of and because they had plenty of and because they had plenty of provisions they were of good courage for provisions they were of good courage for provisions they were of good courage for there was a great abundance of what was there was a great abundance of what was there was a great abundance of what was consecrated to sacred uses and they consecrated to sacred uses and they consecrated to sacred uses and they scrupled not the making use of them yet scrupled not the making use of them yet scrupled not the making use of them yet were they afraid on account of their were they afraid on account of their were they afraid on account of their small number and when they had laid up small number and when they had laid up small number and when they had laid up their arms there they did not stir from their arms there they did not stir from their arms there they did not stir from the place they were in now as to John the place they were in now as to John the place they were in now as to John what advantage he had above Eleazar in what advantage he had above Eleazar in what advantage he had above Eleazar in the multitude of his followers the like the multitude of his followers the like the multitude of his followers the like disadvantage he had in the situation he disadvantage he had in the situation he disadvantage he had in the situation he was in since he had his enemies over his was in since he had his enemies over his was in since he had his enemies over his head and as he could not make any head and as he could not make any head and as he could not make any assault upon them without some terror so assault upon them without some terror so assault upon them without some terror so was his anger too great to let them be was his anger too great to let them be was his anger too great to let them be at rest at rest at rest nay although he suffered more mischief nay although he suffered more mischief nay although he suffered more mischief from Eleazar and his party then he could from Eleazar and his party then he could from Eleazar and his party then he could inflict upon them yet would he not leave inflict upon them yet would he not leave inflict upon them yet would he not leave off assaulting them in so much that off assaulting them in so much that off assaulting them in so much that there were continual Sally there were continual Sally there were continual Sally made one against the other as well as made one against the other as well as made one against the other as well as darts thrown at one another darts thrown at one another darts thrown at one another and the temple was defiled everywhere and the temple was defiled everywhere and the temple was defiled everywhere with murders but now the tyrant Simon

with murders but now the tyrant Simon with murders but now the tyrant Simon the son of goriias whom the people had the son of goriias whom the people had the son of goriias whom the people had invited in out of the hopes they had of invited in out of the hopes they had of invited in out of the hopes they had of his assistance in the great distress as his assistance in the great distress as his assistance in the great distress as they were in having in his power the they were in having in his power the they were in having in his power the upper city and a great part of the lore upper city and a great part of the lore upper city and a great part of the lore did now make more vim inant assaults did now make more vim inant assaults did now make more vim inant assaults upon John and his party because they upon John and his party because they upon John and his party because they were fought against from above also yet were fought against from above also yet were fought against from above also yet was he beneath their situation when he was he beneath their situation when he was he beneath their situation when he attacked them as they were beneath the attacked them as they were beneath the attacked them as they were beneath the attacks of the others above them whereby attacks of the others above them whereby attacks of the others above them whereby it came to pass that John did both it came to pass that John did both it came to pass that John did both receive and inflict great damage and receive and inflict great damage and receive and inflict great damage and that easily as he was fought against on that easily as he was fought against on that easily as he was fought against on both sides and the same advantage that both sides and the same advantage that both sides and the same advantage that Eleazar and his party had over him since Eleazar and his party had over him since Eleazar and his party had over him since he was beneath them the same advantage he was beneath them the same advantage he was beneath them the same advantage that he by his higher situation over that he by his higher situation over that he by his higher situation over Simon on which account he easily Simon on which account he easily Simon on which account he easily repelled the attacks that were made from repelled the attacks that were made from repelled the attacks that were made from beneath by the weapons thrown from their beneath by the weapons thrown from their beneath by the weapons thrown from their hands only but he was obliged to repel hands only but he was obliged to repel hands only but he was obliged to repel those that threw their darts from the those that threw their darts from the those that threw their darts from the temple above him by his engines of war temple above him by his engines of war temple above him by his engines of war for he had such engines as threw darts for he had such engines as threw darts for he had such engines as threw darts and javelins and stones and that and no and javelins and stones and that and no and javelins and stones and that and no small number by which he did not only small number by which he did not only small number by which he did not only defend himself from such as fought defend himself from such as fought defend himself from such as fought against him but slew moreover many of against him but slew moreover many of against him but slew moreover many of the priests as they were about their

the priests as they were about their the priests as they were about their sacred administration's for sacred administration's for sacred administration's for notwithstanding these men were mad with notwithstanding these men were mad with notwithstanding these men were mad with all sorts of impiety yet did they still all sorts of impiety yet did they still all sorts of impiety yet did they still admit those that desire to offer their admit those that desire to offer their admit those that desire to offer their sacrifices although they took care to sacrifices although they took care to sacrifices although they took care to search the people of their own country search the people of their own country search the people of their own country beforehand and both suspected and beforehand and both suspected and beforehand and both suspected and watched them while they were not so much watched them while they were not so much watched them while they were not so much afraid of strangers who although they afraid of strangers who although they afraid of strangers who although they had gotten leave of them how cool so had gotten leave of them how cool so had gotten leave of them how cool so they were to come into that Court were they were to come into that Court were they were to come into that Court were yet often destroyed by this sedition for yet often destroyed by this sedition for yet often destroyed by this sedition for those darts that were thrown by the those darts that were thrown by the those darts that were thrown by the engines came with that force that they engines came with that force that they engines came with that force that they went over all the buildings and reached went over all the buildings and reached went over all the buildings and reached as far as the altar and the temple as far as the altar and the temple as far as the altar and the temple itself and fell upon the priests and itself and fell upon the priests and itself and fell upon the priests and those that were about the sacred offices those that were about the sacred offices those that were about the sacred offices footnote the Levites in footnote in so footnote the Levites in footnote in so footnote the Levites in footnote in so much that many persons who came thither much that many persons who came thither much that many persons who came thither with great zeal from the ends of the with great zeal from the ends of the with great zeal from the ends of the earth to offer sacrifices at this earth to offer sacrifices at this earth to offer sacrifices at this celebrated place which was esteemed holy celebrated place which was esteemed holy celebrated place which was esteemed holy by all mankind fell down before their by all mankind fell down before their by all mankind fell down before their own sacrifices themselves and sprinkled own sacrifices themselves and sprinkled own sacrifices themselves and sprinkled that altar which was vulnerable among that altar which was vulnerable among that altar which was vulnerable among all men both Greeks and barbarians with all men both Greeks and barbarians with all men both Greeks and barbarians with their own blood till the dead bodies of their own blood till the dead bodies of their own blood till the dead bodies of strangers were mingled together with strangers were mingled together with strangers were mingled together with those of their own country and those of those of their own country and those of those of their own country and those of profane persons with those of the

profane persons with those of the profane persons with those of the priests and the blood of all sorts of priests and the blood of all sorts of priests and the blood of all sorts of dead carcasses stood in lakes in the dead carcasses stood in lakes in the dead carcasses stood in lakes in the Holy courts themselves and now oh must Holy courts themselves and now oh must Holy courts themselves and now oh must wretched City what misery so great as wretched City what misery so great as wretched City what misery so great as this dust thou suffer from the Romans this dust thou suffer from the Romans this dust thou suffer from the Romans when they came to purify thee from thine when they came to purify thee from thine when they came to purify thee from thine intestine hatred for thou could be no intestine hatred for thou could be no intestine hatred for thou could be no longer a place fit for God nor couldst longer a place fit for God nor couldst longer a place fit for God nor couldst thou long continue in being after thou thou long continue in being after thou thou long continue in being after thou has been a Sepulcher for the bodies of has been a Sepulcher for the bodies of has been a Sepulcher for the bodies of thine own people and hats made the holy thine own people and hats made the holy thine own people and hats made the holy house itself a burying place in this house itself a burying place in this house itself a burying place in this civil war of thine yet mace though again civil war of thine yet mace though again civil war of thine yet mace though again grow better if perchance thou wilt grow better if perchance thou wilt grow better if perchance thou wilt hereafter appease the anger of that God hereafter appease the anger of that God hereafter appease the anger of that God who is the author of thy destruction but who is the author of thy destruction but who is the author of thy destruction but I must restrain myself from these I must restrain myself from these I must restrain myself from these passions by the rules of history since passions by the rules of history since passions by the rules of history since this is not a proper time for domestica this is not a proper time for domestica this is not a proper time for domestica lamentations but for historical lamentations but for historical lamentations but for historical narrations I therefore return to the narrations I therefore return to the narrations I therefore return to the operations that follow in this edition operations that follow in this edition operations that follow in this edition footnote this is an excellent reflection footnote this is an excellent reflection footnote this is an excellent reflection of Josephus including his hopes of the of Josephus including his hopes of the of Josephus including his hopes of the restoration of the Jews upon their restoration of the Jews upon their restoration of the Jews upon their repentance which is the grand quote hope repentance which is the grand quote hope repentance which is the grand quote hope of Israel as man s abend Israel the of Israel as man s abend Israel the of Israel as man s abend Israel the famous Jewish rabbi styles it in his

famous Jewish rabbi styles it in his famous Jewish rabbi styles it in his small but remarkable treat C of that small but remarkable treat C of that small but remarkable treat C of that subject of which the Jewish prophets are subject of which the Jewish prophets are subject of which the Jewish prophets are everywhere full-si the principle of everywhere full-si the principle of everywhere full-si the principle of those prophecies collected together at those prophecies collected together at those prophecies collected together at the end of the essay on the revelation the end of the essay on the revelation the end of the essay on the revelation in footnote and now there were three in footnote and now there were three in footnote and now there were three treacherous factions in the city the one treacherous factions in the city the one treacherous factions in the city the one parted from the other le a Tsar in his parted from the other le a Tsar in his parted from the other le a Tsar in his party that kept the sacred firstfruits party that kept the sacred firstfruits party that kept the sacred firstfruits came against John in their cups those came against John in their cups those came against John in their cups those that were with John plundered the that were with John plundered the that were with John plundered the populace and went out with zeal against populace and went out with zeal against populace and went out with zeal against Simon this Simon had his supply of Simon this Simon had his supply of Simon this Simon had his supply of provisions from the city in opposition provisions from the city in opposition provisions from the city in opposition to the seditious when therefore John was to the seditious when therefore John was to the seditious when therefore John was assaulted on both sides assaulted on both sides assaulted on both sides he made his men turn about throwing his he made his men turn about throwing his he made his men turn about throwing his darts upon those citizens that came up darts upon those citizens that came up darts upon those citizens that came up against him from The Cloisters against him from The Cloisters against him from The Cloisters he had in his possession while he he had in his possession while he he had in his possession while he opposed those that attacked him from the opposed those that attacked him from the opposed those that attacked him from the temple by his engines of war and if at temple by his engines of war and if at temple by his engines of war and if at any time he was freed from those that any time he was freed from those that any time he was freed from those that were above him which happened frequently were above him which happened frequently were above him which happened frequently from their being drunk and tired he from their being drunk and tired he from their being drunk and tired he sallied out with a great number upon sallied out with a great number upon sallied out with a great number upon Simon and his party and this he did Simon and his party and this he did Simon and his party and this he did always in such parts of the city as he always in such parts of the city as he always in such parts of the city as he could come at till he set on fire those could come at till he set on fire those could come at till he set on fire those houses that were full of corn and of all houses that were full of corn and of all houses that were full of corn and of all other provisions footnote this

other provisions footnote this other provisions footnote this destruction of such a vast quantity of destruction of such a vast quantity of destruction of such a vast quantity of corn and other provisions as was corn and other provisions as was corn and other provisions as was sufficient for many years was the direct sufficient for many years was the direct sufficient for many years was the direct occasion of that terrible famine which occasion of that terrible famine which occasion of that terrible famine which consumed incredible number of Jews in consumed incredible number of Jews in consumed incredible number of Jews in Jerusalem during that siege nor probably Jerusalem during that siege nor probably Jerusalem during that siege nor probably could the Romans have taken this city could the Romans have taken this city could the Romans have taken this city after all had not these seditious Jews after all had not these seditious Jews after all had not these seditious Jews been so infatuated and thus madly to been so infatuated and thus madly to been so infatuated and thus madly to destroy destroy destroy what josephus here justly Stiles quote what josephus here justly Stiles quote what josephus here justly Stiles quote the nerves of their power in footnote the nerves of their power in footnote the nerves of their power in footnote the same thing was done by Simon when the same thing was done by Simon when the same thing was done by Simon when upon the other's retreat he attacked the upon the other's retreat he attacked the upon the other's retreat he attacked the city also as if they had on purpose done city also as if they had on purpose done city also as if they had on purpose done it to serve the Romans by destroying it to serve the Romans by destroying it to serve the Romans by destroying what the city had laid up against the what the city had laid up against the what the city had laid up against the siege and by thus cutting off the nerves siege and by thus cutting off the nerves siege and by thus cutting off the nerves of their own power accordingly it so of their own power accordingly it so of their own power accordingly it so came to pass that all the places that came to pass that all the places that came to pass that all the places that were about the temple were burnt down were about the temple were burnt down were about the temple were burnt down and were become an intermediate desert and were become an intermediate desert and were become an intermediate desert space ready for fighting on both sides space ready for fighting on both sides space ready for fighting on both sides of it and that almost all that corn was of it and that almost all that corn was of it and that almost all that corn was burnt which would have been sufficient burnt which would have been sufficient burnt which would have been sufficient for a siege of many years so they were for a siege of many years so they were for a siege of many years so they were taken by the means of the famine which taken by the means of the famine which taken by the means of the famine which it was impossible that they should have it was impossible that they should have it was impossible that they should have been unless they had thus prepared the been unless they had thus prepared the been unless they had thus prepared the way for it by this procedure and now as way for it by this procedure and now as way for it by this procedure and now as the city was engaged in war on all sides the city was engaged in war on all sides the city was engaged in war on all sides from those treacherous crowds of wicked

from those treacherous crowds of wicked from those treacherous crowds of wicked men the people of the city between them men the people of the city between them men the people of the city between them were like a great body torn in pieces were like a great body torn in pieces were like a great body torn in pieces the aged men and their women were in the aged men and their women were in the aged men and their women were in such distress by their internal such distress by their internal such distress by their internal calamities that they wished for the calamities that they wished for the calamities that they wished for the Romans and earnestly hoped for the Romans and earnestly hoped for the Romans and earnestly hoped for the external war in order to their delivery external war in order to their delivery external war in order to their delivery from the domestic 'l miseries the from the domestic 'l miseries the from the domestic 'l miseries the citizens themselves were under a citizens themselves were under a citizens themselves were under a terrible consternation and fear nor had terrible consternation and fear nor had terrible consternation and fear nor had they any opportunity of taking counsel they any opportunity of taking counsel they any opportunity of taking counsel and of changing their conduct nor were and of changing their conduct nor were and of changing their conduct nor were there any hopes of coming to an there any hopes of coming to an there any hopes of coming to an agreement with their enemies nor could agreement with their enemies nor could agreement with their enemies nor could such as had a mind flee away for guards such as had a mind flee away for guards such as had a mind flee away for guards were set in all places and the heads of were set in all places and the heads of were set in all places and the heads of the robbers although they were seditious the robbers although they were seditious the robbers although they were seditious one against another in many respects yet one against another in many respects yet one against another in many respects yet did they agree in killing those that did they agree in killing those that did they agree in killing those that were for peace with the Romans or were were for peace with the Romans or were were for peace with the Romans or were suspected of an inclination to desert suspected of an inclination to desert suspected of an inclination to desert them as their common enemies they agreed them as their common enemies they agreed them as their common enemies they agreed and nothing but this to kill those that and nothing but this to kill those that and nothing but this to kill those that were innocent the noise also of the were innocent the noise also of the were innocent the noise also of the that were fighting was incessant both by that were fighting was incessant both by that were fighting was incessant both by day and by night but the lamentations of day and by night but the lamentations of day and by night but the lamentations of those that mourned exceeded the other those that mourned exceeded the other those that mourned exceeded the other nor was there ever any occasion for them nor was there ever any occasion for them nor was there ever any occasion for them to leave off their lamentations because to leave off their lamentations because to leave off their lamentations because their calamities came perpetually one their calamities came perpetually one their calamities came perpetually one upon the other upon the other upon the other although the deep consternation they although the deep consternation they although the deep consternation they were in prevented their outward wailing

were in prevented their outward wailing were in prevented their outward wailing but being constrained by their fear to but being constrained by their fear to but being constrained by their fear to conceal their inward passions they were conceal their inward passions they were conceal their inward passions they were inwardly tormented without daring to inwardly tormented without daring to inwardly tormented without daring to open their lips and groans nor was any open their lips and groans nor was any open their lips and groans nor was any regard paid to those that were still regard paid to those that were still regard paid to those that were still alive alive alive by their relations nor was there any by their relations nor was there any by their relations nor was there any care taken to bury for those that were care taken to bury for those that were care taken to bury for those that were dead the occasion of both which was this dead the occasion of both which was this dead the occasion of both which was this that everyone despaired of himself for that everyone despaired of himself for that everyone despaired of himself for those that were not among the seditious those that were not among the seditious those that were not among the seditious had no great desires of anything as had no great desires of anything as had no great desires of anything as expecting for certain that they should expecting for certain that they should expecting for certain that they should very soon be destroyed but for the very soon be destroyed but for the very soon be destroyed but for the seditious themselves they fought against seditious themselves they fought against seditious themselves they fought against each other while they trod upon the dead each other while they trod upon the dead each other while they trod upon the dead bodies as they lay heaped one upon bodies as they lay heaped one upon bodies as they lay heaped one upon another and taking up a mad rage from another and taking up a mad rage from another and taking up a mad rage from those dead bodies that were under their those dead bodies that were under their those dead bodies that were under their feet became the fiercer thereupon they feet became the fiercer thereupon they feet became the fiercer thereupon they moreover were still inventing somewhat moreover were still inventing somewhat moreover were still inventing somewhat or other that was pernicious against or other that was pernicious against or other that was pernicious against themselves and when they had resolved themselves and when they had resolved themselves and when they had resolved upon anything they executed it without upon anything they executed it without upon anything they executed it without mercy and omitted no method of torment mercy and omitted no method of torment mercy and omitted no method of torment or of barbarity nay John abused the or of barbarity nay John abused the or of barbarity nay John abused the sacred materials and employed them in sacred materials and employed them in sacred materials and employed them in the construction of his engines of war the construction of his engines of war the construction of his engines of war for the people and the priests had for the people and the priests had for the people and the priests had formerly determined to support the formerly determined to support the formerly determined to support the temple and raise the holy house 20 cubic temple and raise the holy house 20 cubic temple and raise the holy house 20 cubic desire footnote this timber we see was

desire footnote this timber we see was desire footnote this timber we see was designed for the rebuilding of those 20 designed for the rebuilding of those 20 designed for the rebuilding of those 20 additional cubits of the holy house additional cubits of the holy house additional cubits of the holy house above the hundred which had fallen down above the hundred which had fallen down above the hundred which had fallen down some years before in footnote some years before in footnote some years before in footnote for king agrippa had at a very great for king agrippa had at a very great for king agrippa had at a very great expense and with very great pains expense and with very great pains expense and with very great pains brought hither such materials as were brought hither such materials as were brought hither such materials as were proper for that purpose being pieces of proper for that purpose being pieces of proper for that purpose being pieces of timber very well worth the scene both timber very well worth the scene both timber very well worth the scene both for their straightness and their for their straightness and their for their straightness and their largeness but the war coming on and largeness but the war coming on and largeness but the war coming on and interrupting the work john had them cut interrupting the work john had them cut interrupting the work john had them cut and prepared for the building him towers and prepared for the building him towers and prepared for the building him towers he finding them long enough to oppose he finding them long enough to oppose he finding them long enough to oppose from them those his adversaries that from them those his adversaries that from them those his adversaries that thought him from the temple that was thought him from the temple that was thought him from the temple that was above him he also had them brought and above him he also had them brought and above him he also had them brought and erected behind the inner court over erected behind the inner court over erected behind the inner court over against the west end of the cloister x' against the west end of the cloister x' against the west end of the cloister x' where alone he could erect them whereas where alone he could erect them whereas where alone he could erect them whereas the other sides of that court had so the other sides of that court had so the other sides of that court had so many steps as would not let them come many steps as would not let them come many steps as would not let them come nigh enough the cloisters thus did john nigh enough the cloisters thus did john nigh enough the cloisters thus did john hope to be too hard for his enemies by hope to be too hard for his enemies by hope to be too hard for his enemies by these engines constructed by his impiety these engines constructed by his impiety these engines constructed by his impiety but God himself demonstrated that his but God himself demonstrated that his but God himself demonstrated that his pains would prove of no use to him by pains would prove of no use to him by pains would prove of no use to him by bringing the Romans upon him before he bringing the Romans upon him before he bringing the Romans upon him before he had reared any of his towers when he had had reared any of his towers when he had had reared any of his towers when he had gotten together part of his forces about gotten together part of his forces about gotten together part of his forces about him and had ordered the rest to meet him

him and had ordered the rest to meet him him and had ordered the rest to meet him at Jerusalem marched out of Caesarea he at Jerusalem marched out of Caesarea he at Jerusalem marched out of Caesarea he had with him those three legions that had with him those three legions that had with him those three legions that had accompanied his father when he had had accompanied his father when he had had accompanied his father when he had laid Judea waste together with that laid Judea waste together with that laid Judea waste together with that twelfth Legion which had been formally twelfth Legion which had been formally twelfth Legion which had been formally beaten by cestia s-- which legion as it beaten by cestia s-- which legion as it beaten by cestia s-- which legion as it was otherwise remarkable for its valor was otherwise remarkable for its valor was otherwise remarkable for its valor so did it march on now with greater alas so did it march on now with greater alas so did it march on now with greater alas sir T to advance themselves on the Jews sir T to advance themselves on the Jews sir T to advance themselves on the Jews as remembering what they had formerly as remembering what they had formerly as remembering what they had formerly suffered from them of these legions he suffered from them of these legions he suffered from them of these legions he ordered the fifth to meet him by going ordered the fifth to meet him by going ordered the fifth to meet him by going through Emmaus and the tenth to go up by through Emmaus and the tenth to go up by through Emmaus and the tenth to go up by Jericho he also moved himself together Jericho he also moved himself together Jericho he also moved himself together with the rest besides them marched those with the rest besides them marched those with the rest besides them marched those auxiliaries that came from the Kings auxiliaries that came from the Kings auxiliaries that came from the Kings being now more in number than being now more in number than being now more in number than for together with a considerable number for together with a considerable number for together with a considerable number that had come to his assistance from that had come to his assistance from that had come to his assistance from Syria those also that had been selected Syria those also that had been selected Syria those also that had been selected out of these four legions and sent with out of these four legions and sent with out of these four legions and sent with them McKay Gnaeus to Italy had their them McKay Gnaeus to Italy had their them McKay Gnaeus to Italy had their places filled up out of these soldiers places filled up out of these soldiers places filled up out of these soldiers that came out of Egypt with Titus who that came out of Egypt with Titus who that came out of Egypt with Titus who were two thousand men chosen out of the were two thousand men chosen out of the were two thousand men chosen out of the armies of Alexandria there followed him armies of Alexandria there followed him armies of Alexandria there followed him also three thousand drawn from those also three thousand drawn from those also three thousand drawn from those that guarded the river affray T's and that guarded the river affray T's and that guarded the river affray T's and also there came Tiberius Alexander who also there came Tiberius Alexander who also there came Tiberius Alexander who was a friend of his most valuable both

was a friend of his most valuable both was a friend of his most valuable both for his goodwill to him and for his for his goodwill to him and for his for his goodwill to him and for his prudence he had formerly been governor prudence he had formerly been governor prudence he had formerly been governor of Alexandria but was now thought worthy of Alexandria but was now thought worthy of Alexandria but was now thought worthy to be General of the army under Titus to be General of the army under Titus to be General of the army under Titus the reason of this was that he had been the reason of this was that he had been the reason of this was that he had been the first who encouraged ves bein very the first who encouraged ves bein very the first who encouraged ves bein very lately to accept this his new Dominion lately to accept this his new Dominion lately to accept this his new Dominion and joined himself to him with great and joined himself to him with great and joined himself to him with great fidelity when things were uncertain and fidelity when things were uncertain and fidelity when things were uncertain and fortune had not yet declared for him he fortune had not yet declared for him he fortune had not yet declared for him he also followed Titus as a counselor very also followed Titus as a counselor very also followed Titus as a counselor very useful to him in this war both by his useful to him in this war both by his useful to him in this war both by his age and skill in such affairs end of age and skill in such affairs end of age and skill in such affairs end of book 5 chapter 1 recording by hear his book 5 chapter 1 recording by hear his book 5 chapter 1 recording by hear his dot-com book 5 chapter 2 of the Wars of dot-com book 5 chapter 2 of the Wars of dot-com book 5 chapter 2 of the Wars of the Jews this is a librivox recording the Jews this is a librivox recording the Jews this is a librivox recording all librivox recordings are in the all librivox recordings are in the all librivox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to public domain for more information or to public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit librivox.org volunteer please visit librivox.org volunteer please visit librivox.org recording by Hollis Hanover the Wars of recording by Hollis Hanover the Wars of recording by Hollis Hanover the Wars of the Jews by Josephus translated by the Jews by Josephus translated by the Jews by Josephus translated by William Weston chapter 2 how Titus William Weston chapter 2 how Titus William Weston chapter 2 how Titus marched to Jerusalem and how he was in marched to Jerusalem and how he was in marched to Jerusalem and how he was in danger as he was taking a view of the danger as he was taking a view of the danger as he was taking a view of the city of the place also where he pitched

city of the place also where he pitched city of the place also where he pitched his camp his camp his camp one now as Titus was upon his march into one now as Titus was upon his march into one now as Titus was upon his march into the enemy's country the auxiliaries that the enemy's country the auxiliaries that the enemy's country the auxiliaries that were sent by the Kings marched first were sent by the Kings marched first were sent by the Kings marched first having all the other auxiliaries with having all the other auxiliaries with having all the other auxiliaries with them after whom followed those that were them after whom followed those that were them after whom followed those that were to prepare the roads and measure out the to prepare the roads and measure out the to prepare the roads and measure out the camp then came the commander's baggage camp then came the commander's baggage camp then came the commander's baggage and after that the other soldiers who and after that the other soldiers who and after that the other soldiers who were completely armed to support them were completely armed to support them were completely armed to support them then came Titus himself having with him then came Titus himself having with him then came Titus himself having with him another select body and then came the another select body and then came the another select body and then came the pikemen pikemen pikemen after whom came the horse belonging to after whom came the horse belonging to after whom came the horse belonging to that Legion all these came before the that Legion all these came before the that Legion all these came before the engines and after these engines came the engines and after these engines came the engines and after these engines came the tribunes and the leaders of the cohorts tribunes and the leaders of the cohorts tribunes and the leaders of the cohorts with their select bodies and after these with their select bodies and after these with their select bodies and after these came the Anson's with the eagle and came the Anson's with the eagle and came the Anson's with the eagle and before these engines came the trumpeters before these engines came the trumpeters before these engines came the trumpeters belonging to them next these came the belonging to them next these came the belonging to them next these came the main body of the army in their ranks main body of the army in their ranks main body of the army in their ranks every rank being six deep the servants every rank being six deep the servants every rank being six deep the servants belonging to every Legion came after belonging to every Legion came after belonging to every Legion came after these and before these last their these and before these last their these and before these last their baggage the mercenaries came last and baggage the mercenaries came last and baggage the mercenaries came last and those that guarded them brought up the those that guarded them brought up the those that guarded them brought up the rear now Titus according to the Roman rear now Titus according to the Roman rear now Titus according to the Roman usage went in the front of the army usage went in the front of the army usage went in the front of the army after a decent manner and marched after a decent manner and marched after a decent manner and marched through Samaria to goth now a city that through Samaria to goth now a city that through Samaria to goth now a city that had been formally taken by his father had been formally taken by his father had been formally taken by his father and was then garrison by Roman soldiers and was then garrison by Roman soldiers and was then garrison by Roman soldiers and when he had lodged there one night and when he had lodged there one night and when he had lodged there one night he marched on in the morning and when he

he marched on in the morning and when he he marched on in the morning and when he had gone as far as a day's march he had gone as far as a day's march he had gone as far as a day's march he pitched his camp at that Valley which pitched his camp at that Valley which pitched his camp at that Valley which the Jews in their own tongue called the the Jews in their own tongue called the the Jews in their own tongue called the valley of thorns valley of thorns valley of thorns near a certain village called gabbatha near a certain village called gabbatha near a certain village called gabbatha sath which signifies the hill of saul sath which signifies the hill of saul sath which signifies the hill of saul being distant from Jerusalem about being distant from Jerusalem about being distant from Jerusalem about thirty furlongs footnote there being no thirty furlongs footnote there being no thirty furlongs footnote there being no gate on the west and only on the west gate on the west and only on the west gate on the west and only on the west side of the court of the priests and so side of the court of the priests and so side of the court of the priests and so no steps there this was the only side no steps there this was the only side no steps there this was the only side that the seditious under this John of that the seditious under this John of that the seditious under this John of gajala gajala gajala could bring their engines close to the could bring their engines close to the could bring their engines close to the cloisters of that court and ways though cloisters of that court and ways though cloisters of that court and ways though upon the floor of the court of Israel upon the floor of the court of Israel upon the floor of the court of Israel see the scheme of that temple in the see the scheme of that temple in the see the scheme of that temple in the description of the temples here - description of the temples here - description of the temples here - belonging and footnote there it was that belonging and footnote there it was that belonging and footnote there it was that he chose out 600 select horsemen and he chose out 600 select horsemen and he chose out 600 select horsemen and went to take a view of the city to went to take a view of the city to went to take a view of the city to observe what strength it was of and how observe what strength it was of and how observe what strength it was of and how courageous the Jews were whether when courageous the Jews were whether when courageous the Jews were whether when they saw him and before they came to a they saw him and before they came to a they saw him and before they came to a direct battle they would be affrighted direct battle they would be affrighted direct battle they would be affrighted and submit for he had been informed what and submit for he had been informed what and submit for he had been informed what was really true that the people who were was really true that the people who were was really true that the people who were fallen under the power of the seditious fallen under the power of the seditious fallen under the power of the seditious and the robbers were greatly desirous of and the robbers were greatly desirous of and the robbers were greatly desirous of peace but being too weak to rise up peace but being too weak to rise up peace but being too weak to rise up against the rest and they lay still - against the rest and they lay still - against the rest and they lay still - now so long as he rode along the now so long as he rode along the now so long as he rode along the straight road which led to the wall of straight road which led to the wall of straight road which led to the wall of the city nobody appeared out of the the city nobody appeared out of the the city nobody appeared out of the gates but when he went out of that road gates but when he went out of that road gates but when he went out of that road and declined toward the Tower of and declined toward the Tower of and declined toward the Tower of cephalus and led the band of horsemen

cephalus and led the band of horsemen cephalus and led the band of horsemen obliquely an immense number of the Jews obliquely an immense number of the Jews obliquely an immense number of the Jews leaped out suddenly at the towers called leaped out suddenly at the towers called leaped out suddenly at the towers called the women's towers through that gate the women's towers through that gate the women's towers through that gate which was over against the monuments of which was over against the monuments of which was over against the monuments of Queen Helena and intercepted his horse Queen Helena and intercepted his horse Queen Helena and intercepted his horse and standing directly opposite to those and standing directly opposite to those and standing directly opposite to those that still ran along the road hindered that still ran along the road hindered that still ran along the road hindered them from joining those that had them from joining those that had them from joining those that had declined out of it they intercepted declined out of it they intercepted declined out of it they intercepted Titus also with a few other now it was Titus also with a few other now it was Titus also with a few other now it was here impossible for him to go forward here impossible for him to go forward here impossible for him to go forward because all the places had trenches dug because all the places had trenches dug because all the places had trenches dug in them from the wall to preserve the in them from the wall to preserve the in them from the wall to preserve the gardens roundabout and were full of gardens roundabout and were full of gardens roundabout and were full of gardens obliquely situated and of many gardens obliquely situated and of many gardens obliquely situated and of many hedges and to return back to his own men hedges and to return back to his own men hedges and to return back to his own men he saw it was also impossible by reason he saw it was also impossible by reason he saw it was also impossible by reason of the multitude of the enemies that lay of the multitude of the enemies that lay of the multitude of the enemies that lay between them many of whom did not so between them many of whom did not so between them many of whom did not so much as know that the king was in any much as know that the king was in any much as know that the king was in any danger but supposed him still among them danger but supposed him still among them danger but supposed him still among them so he perceived that his preservation so he perceived that his preservation so he perceived that his preservation must be wholly owing to his own courage must be wholly owing to his own courage must be wholly owing to his own courage and turned his horse about and cried out and turned his horse about and cried out and turned his horse about and cried out aloud to those that were about him to aloud to those that were about him to aloud to those that were about him to follow him and ran with violence into follow him and ran with violence into follow him and ran with violence into the midst of his enemies in order to the midst of his enemies in order to the midst of his enemies in order to force his way through them to his own force his way through them to his own force his way through them to his own men and hence we may principally learn men and hence we may principally learn men and hence we may principally learn that both the success of Wars and the that both the success of Wars and the that both the success of Wars and the dangers that Kings are dangers that Kings are dangers that Kings are in our under the Providence of God in our under the Providence of God in our under the Providence of God footnote we may here note that Titus is footnote we may here note that Titus is footnote we may here note that Titus is here called a king and Caesar by

here called a king and Caesar by here called a king and Caesar by Josephus even while he was no more than Josephus even while he was no more than Josephus even while he was no more than the Emperor's son and general of the the Emperor's son and general of the the Emperor's son and general of the Roman army and his father Vespasian was Roman army and his father Vespasian was Roman army and his father Vespasian was still alive still alive still alive just as the New Testament says are just as the New Testament says are just as the New Testament says are callous reigned or was king callous reigned or was king callous reigned or was king Matthew 2:22 though he was properly no Matthew 2:22 though he was properly no Matthew 2:22 though he was properly no more than death nark as Josephus assures more than death nark as Josephus assures more than death nark as Josephus assures us thus also the Jews called the Roman us thus also the Jews called the Roman us thus also the Jews called the Roman emperors Kings though they never took emperors Kings though they never took emperors Kings though they never took that title to themselves we have no king that title to themselves we have no king that title to themselves we have no king but Caesar John 1915 submit to the king but Caesar John 1915 submit to the king but Caesar John 1915 submit to the king as supreme first Peter 2:13 17 which is as supreme first Peter 2:13 17 which is as supreme first Peter 2:13 17 which is also the language of the Apostolic also the language of the Apostolic also the language of the Apostolic constitutions and elsewhere in the New constitutions and elsewhere in the New constitutions and elsewhere in the New Testament Matthew 10 18 1725 first Testament Matthew 10 18 1725 first Testament Matthew 10 18 1725 first Timothy 2:2 and in Josephus also though Timothy 2:2 and in Josephus also though Timothy 2:2 and in Josephus also though I suspect Josephus particularly esteemed I suspect Josephus particularly esteemed I suspect Josephus particularly esteemed Titus as joint King with his father ever Titus as joint King with his father ever Titus as joint King with his father ever since his divine dreams that declared since his divine dreams that declared since his divine dreams that declared them both such and footnote for while them both such and footnote for while them both such and footnote for while such a number of darts were thrown at such a number of darts were thrown at such a number of darts were thrown at Titus when he had neither his headpiece Titus when he had neither his headpiece Titus when he had neither his headpiece on nor his breastplate before as I told on nor his breastplate before as I told on nor his breastplate before as I told you he went out not to fight but to view you he went out not to fight but to view you he went out not to fight but to view the city the city the city none of them touched his body but went none of them touched his body but went none of them touched his body but went aside without hurting him aside without hurting him aside without hurting him as if all of them missed him on purpose as if all of them missed him on purpose as if all of them missed him on purpose and only made a noise as they passed by and only made a noise as they passed by and only made a noise as they passed by him so he diverted those perpetually him so he diverted those perpetually him so he diverted those perpetually with his sword that came on his side and with his sword that came on his side and with his sword that came on his side and overturned many of those that directly

overturned many of those that directly overturned many of those that directly met him and made his horse ride over met him and made his horse ride over met him and made his horse ride over those that were overthrown the enemy those that were overthrown the enemy those that were overthrown the enemy indeed made a shout at the boldness of indeed made a shout at the boldness of indeed made a shout at the boldness of Caesar and exhorted one another to rush Caesar and exhorted one another to rush Caesar and exhorted one another to rush upon him yet did these against whom he upon him yet did these against whom he upon him yet did these against whom he marched fly away and go off from him in marched fly away and go off from him in marched fly away and go off from him in great numbers while those that were in great numbers while those that were in great numbers while those that were in the same danger with him kept up close the same danger with him kept up close the same danger with him kept up close to him though they were wounded both on to him though they were wounded both on to him though they were wounded both on their backs and on their sides for they their backs and on their sides for they their backs and on their sides for they had each of them but this one hope of had each of them but this one hope of had each of them but this one hope of escaping if they could assist Titus in escaping if they could assist Titus in escaping if they could assist Titus in opening himself away that he might not opening himself away that he might not opening himself away that he might not be encompassed round be encompassed round be encompassed round his enemies before he got away from them his enemies before he got away from them his enemies before he got away from them now there were two of those that were now there were two of those that were now there were two of those that were with him but at some distance the one of with him but at some distance the one of with him but at some distance the one of which the enemy compass round and slew which the enemy compass round and slew which the enemy compass round and slew him with their darts and his horse also him with their darts and his horse also him with their darts and his horse also but the other they slew as he leaped but the other they slew as he leaped but the other they slew as he leaped down from his horse and carried off his down from his horse and carried off his down from his horse and carried off his horse with them but Titus escaped with horse with them but Titus escaped with horse with them but Titus escaped with the rest and came safe to the camp the rest and came safe to the camp the rest and came safe to the camp so this success of the Jews first attack so this success of the Jews first attack so this success of the Jews first attack raised their minds and gave them an ill raised their minds and gave them an ill raised their minds and gave them an ill grounded hope and this short inclination grounded hope and this short inclination grounded hope and this short inclination of fortune on their side made them very of fortune on their side made them very of fortune on their side made them very courageous for the future three courageous for the future three courageous for the future three but now as soon as that Legion that had but now as soon as that Legion that had but now as soon as that Legion that had been at Emmaus was joined to Caesar at been at Emmaus was joined to Caesar at been at Emmaus was joined to Caesar at night he removed vents when it was day night he removed vents when it was day night he removed vents when it was day and came to a place called say opus from and came to a place called say opus from and came to a place called say opus from whence the city began already to be seen whence the city began already to be seen whence the city began already to be seen and a plain view might be taken of a and a plain view might be taken of a and a plain view might be taken of a great temple accordingly this place on great temple accordingly this place on great temple accordingly this place on the north quarter of the city and

the north quarter of the city and the north quarter of the city and joining thereto was a plain and very joining thereto was a plain and very joining thereto was a plain and very properly named Scopus the prospect and properly named Scopus the prospect and properly named Scopus the prospect and was no more than seven furlongs distant was no more than seven furlongs distant was no more than seven furlongs distant from it and here it was that Titus from it and here it was that Titus from it and here it was that Titus ordered a camp to be fortified for two ordered a camp to be fortified for two ordered a camp to be fortified for two legions that were to be together but legions that were to be together but legions that were to be together but ordered another camp to be fortified at ordered another camp to be fortified at ordered another camp to be fortified at three furlongs further distance behind three furlongs further distance behind three furlongs further distance behind them for the fifth Legion for he thought them for the fifth Legion for he thought them for the fifth Legion for he thought that by marching in the night they might that by marching in the night they might that by marching in the night they might be tired and might deserve to be covered be tired and might deserve to be covered be tired and might deserve to be covered from the enemy and with less fear might from the enemy and with less fear might from the enemy and with less fear might fortify themselves and as these were now fortify themselves and as these were now fortify themselves and as these were now beginning to build the tenth Legion who beginning to build the tenth Legion who beginning to build the tenth Legion who came through Jericho was already come came through Jericho was already come came through Jericho was already come into place where a certain party of into place where a certain party of into place where a certain party of armed men had formerly lain to guard armed men had formerly lain to guard armed men had formerly lain to guard that pass into the city and had been that pass into the city and had been that pass into the city and had been taken before by Vespasian these legions taken before by Vespasian these legions taken before by Vespasian these legions had orders to encamped at the distance had orders to encamped at the distance had orders to encamped at the distance of six furlongs from Jerusalem at the of six furlongs from Jerusalem at the of six furlongs from Jerusalem at the mount called the Mount of Olives which mount called the Mount of Olives which mount called the Mount of Olives which lies over against the city on its east lies over against the city on its east lies over against the city on its east side and is parted from it by a deep side and is parted from it by a deep side and is parted from it by a deep valley interposed between them which is valley interposed between them which is valley interposed between them which is named sidrón footnote this situation of named sidrón footnote this situation of named sidrón footnote this situation of the Mount of Olives on the east of the Mount of Olives on the east of the Mount of Olives on the east of Jerusalem at about the distance of five Jerusalem at about the distance of five Jerusalem at about the distance of five or six furlongs with the valley of Sidra or six furlongs with the valley of Sidra or six furlongs with the valley of Sidra interpose between that mountain and the interpose between that mountain and the interpose between that mountain and the city are things well known both in the city are things well known both in the city are things well known both in the old and new Testament in Josephus old and new Testament in Josephus old and new Testament in Josephus elsewhere and in all the descriptions of elsewhere and in all the descriptions of elsewhere and in all the descriptions of Palestine and footnote Palestine and footnote Palestine and footnote now when hitherto the several parties in now when hitherto the several parties in now when hitherto the several parties in the city had been dashing one against

the city had been dashing one against the city had been dashing one against the other perpetually this foreign war the other perpetually this foreign war the other perpetually this foreign war now suddenly come upon them after a now suddenly come upon them after a now suddenly come upon them after a violent manner but the first stop to violent manner but the first stop to violent manner but the first stop to their contentions one against the other their contentions one against the other their contentions one against the other and as the seditious now saw with and as the seditious now saw with and as the seditious now saw with astonishment the Romans pitching three astonishment the Romans pitching three astonishment the Romans pitching three several camps they began to think of an several camps they began to think of an several camps they began to think of an awkward sort of Concord and said one to awkward sort of Concord and said one to awkward sort of Concord and said one to another what do we hear and what do we another what do we hear and what do we another what do we hear and what do we mean when we suffer three four to five mean when we suffer three four to five mean when we suffer three four to five walls to be built to coop us in that we walls to be built to coop us in that we walls to be built to coop us in that we shall not be able to breathe freely shall not be able to breathe freely shall not be able to breathe freely while the enemy is securely building a while the enemy is securely building a while the enemy is securely building a kind of City and opposition to us and kind of City and opposition to us and kind of City and opposition to us and while we sit still within our own walls while we sit still within our own walls while we sit still within our own walls and become spectators only of what they and become spectators only of what they and become spectators only of what they are doing with our hands idle and our are doing with our hands idle and our are doing with our hands idle and our armor laid by as if they were about armor laid by as if they were about armor laid by as if they were about somewhat that was for our good and somewhat that was for our good and somewhat that was for our good and advantage we are advantage we are advantage we are it seems so did they all cry out only it seems so did they all cry out only it seems so did they all cry out only courageous against ourselves while the courageous against ourselves while the courageous against ourselves while the Romans are likely to gain the city Romans are likely to gain the city Romans are likely to gain the city without bloodshed by our sedition thus without bloodshed by our sedition thus without bloodshed by our sedition thus did they encourage one another when they did they encourage one another when they did they encourage one another when they were gotten together and took their were gotten together and took their were gotten together and took their armor immediately and ran out upon the armor immediately and ran out upon the armor immediately and ran out upon the tenth Legion and fell upon the Romans tenth Legion and fell upon the Romans tenth Legion and fell upon the Romans with great eagerness and with a with great eagerness and with a with great eagerness and with a prodigious shout as they were fortifying prodigious shout as they were fortifying prodigious shout as they were fortifying their camp these Romans were caught in their camp these Romans were caught in their camp these Romans were caught in different parties and this in order to different parties and this in order to different parties and this in order to perform their several works and on that perform their several works and on that perform their several works and on that account had in great measure laid aside account had in great measure laid aside account had in great measure laid aside their arms for they thought the Jews their arms for they thought the Jews their arms for they thought the Jews would not have ventured to make a Sallee would not have ventured to make a Sallee would not have ventured to make a Sallee upon them and had they been disposed to upon them and had they been disposed to upon them and had they been disposed to do so they suppose their sedition would

do so they suppose their sedition would do so they suppose their sedition would have distracted them so they were put have distracted them so they were put have distracted them so they were put into disorder unexpectedly when some of into disorder unexpectedly when some of into disorder unexpectedly when some of them left their works they were about them left their works they were about them left their works they were about and immediately marched off while many and immediately marched off while many and immediately marched off while many ran to their arms but were smitten and ran to their arms but were smitten and ran to their arms but were smitten and slain before they could turn back upon slain before they could turn back upon slain before they could turn back upon the enemy the Jews became still more and the enemy the Jews became still more and the enemy the Jews became still more and more in number as encouraged by the good more in number as encouraged by the good more in number as encouraged by the good success of those that first made the success of those that first made the success of those that first made the attack and while they had such good attack and while they had such good attack and while they had such good fortune they seemed both to themselves fortune they seemed both to themselves fortune they seemed both to themselves and to the enemy and to the enemy and to the enemy to be many more than they really were to be many more than they really were to be many more than they really were the disorderly way of their fighting at the disorderly way of their fighting at the disorderly way of their fighting at first put the Romans also to a stand who first put the Romans also to a stand who first put the Romans also to a stand who had been constantly used to fight had been constantly used to fight had been constantly used to fight skillfully in good order and with skillfully in good order and with skillfully in good order and with keeping their ranks and obeying the keeping their ranks and obeying the keeping their ranks and obeying the orders that were given them for which orders that were given them for which orders that were given them for which reason the Romans were caught reason the Romans were caught reason the Romans were caught unexpectedly and were obliged to give unexpectedly and were obliged to give unexpectedly and were obliged to give way to the assaults that were made upon way to the assaults that were made upon way to the assaults that were made upon them now when these Romans were them now when these Romans were them now when these Romans were overtaken and turned back upon the Jews overtaken and turned back upon the Jews overtaken and turned back upon the Jews they put a stop to their career yet when they put a stop to their career yet when they put a stop to their career yet when they did not take care enough of they did not take care enough of they did not take care enough of themselves through the vehemence II of themselves through the vehemence II of themselves through the vehemence II of their pursuit they were wounded by them their pursuit they were wounded by them their pursuit they were wounded by them but as still more and more Jews sallied but as still more and more Jews sallied but as still more and more Jews sallied out of the city the Romans were at out of the city the Romans were at out of the city the Romans were at length brought into confusion and put to length brought into confusion and put to length brought into confusion and put to flight and ran away from their camp nay flight and ran away from their camp nay flight and ran away from their camp nay things looked as though the entire things looked as though the entire things looked as though the entire Legion would have been in danger unless Legion would have been in danger unless Legion would have been in danger unless Titus had been informed of a case they Titus had been informed of a case they Titus had been informed of a case they were in and had sent them suckers were in and had sent them suckers were in and had sent them suckers immediately so he reproached them for immediately so he reproached them for immediately so he reproached them for their cowardice and brought those back their cowardice and brought those back their cowardice and brought those back that were running away and fell himself that were running away and fell himself that were running away and fell himself upon the Jews on their flank with those upon the Jews on their flank with those upon the Jews on their flank with those select groups that were with him and

select groups that were with him and select groups that were with him and slew a considerable number and wounded slew a considerable number and wounded slew a considerable number and wounded more of them and put them all to flight more of them and put them all to flight more of them and put them all to flight and made them run away hastily down the and made them run away hastily down the and made them run away hastily down the valley now as these Jews suffered valley now as these Jews suffered valley now as these Jews suffered greatly in the declivity of the valley greatly in the declivity of the valley greatly in the declivity of the valley so when they were gotten over it they so when they were gotten over it they so when they were gotten over it they turned about and stood over against the turned about and stood over against the turned about and stood over against the Romans having the valley between them Romans having the valley between them Romans having the valley between them and their fought with them thus did they and their fought with them thus did they and their fought with them thus did they continue the fight till noon but when it continue the fight till noon but when it continue the fight till noon but when it was already a little afternoon tide has was already a little afternoon tide has was already a little afternoon tide has set those that came to the assistance of set those that came to the assistance of set those that came to the assistance of the Romans with him and those that the Romans with him and those that the Romans with him and those that belong to the cohorts to prevent the belong to the cohorts to prevent the belong to the cohorts to prevent the Jews from making any more sally's and Jews from making any more sally's and Jews from making any more sally's and then sent the rest of a legion to the then sent the rest of a legion to the then sent the rest of a legion to the upper part of the mountain to fortify upper part of the mountain to fortify upper part of the mountain to fortify their camp 5 this march of the Romans their camp 5 this march of the Romans their camp 5 this march of the Romans seemed to the Jews to be a flight and as seemed to the Jews to be a flight and as seemed to the Jews to be a flight and as the watchman who was placed upon the the watchman who was placed upon the the watchman who was placed upon the wall gave a signal by shaking his wall gave a signal by shaking his wall gave a signal by shaking his garment there came out a fresh multitude garment there came out a fresh multitude garment there came out a fresh multitude of Jews and that with such mighty of Jews and that with such mighty of Jews and that with such mighty violence that one might compare it to violence that one might compare it to violence that one might compare it to the running of the most terrible wild the running of the most terrible wild the running of the most terrible wild beasts to say the truth beasts to say the truth beasts to say the truth none of those that opposed them could none of those that opposed them could none of those that opposed them could sustain the fury with which they made sustain the fury with which they made sustain the fury with which they made their attacks their attacks their attacks as if they had been cast out of an as if they had been cast out of an as if they had been cast out of an engine they break the enemy's ranks to engine they break the enemy's ranks to engine they break the enemy's ranks to pieces who were put to flight and ran pieces who were put to flight and ran pieces who were put to flight and ran away to the mountain none but Titus away to the mountain none but Titus away to the mountain none but Titus himself and a few others with him being himself and a few others with him being himself and a few others with him being left in the midst of the acclivity now left in the midst of the acclivity now left in the midst of the acclivity now these others who were his friends these others who were his friends these others who were his friends despised the danger they were in and despised the danger they were in and despised the danger they were in and were ashamed to leave their general were ashamed to leave their general were ashamed to leave their general earnestly exhorting him to give way to earnestly exhorting him to give way to earnestly exhorting him to give way to these Jews that are fond of dying and

these Jews that are fond of dying and these Jews that are fond of dying and not to run into such dangers before not to run into such dangers before not to run into such dangers before those that ought to stay before him to those that ought to stay before him to those that ought to stay before him to consider what his fortune was and not by consider what his fortune was and not by consider what his fortune was and not by supplying the place of a common soldier supplying the place of a common soldier supplying the place of a common soldier to venture to turn back upon the enemy to venture to turn back upon the enemy to venture to turn back upon the enemy so suddenly and this because he was so suddenly and this because he was so suddenly and this because he was General in the war and Lord of the General in the war and Lord of the General in the war and Lord of the habitable earth on whose preservation habitable earth on whose preservation habitable earth on whose preservation the public affairs do all depend these the public affairs do all depend these the public affairs do all depend these persuasions Titus seemed not so much as persuasions Titus seemed not so much as persuasions Titus seemed not so much as to hear but opposed those that ran upon to hear but opposed those that ran upon to hear but opposed those that ran upon him and smote them on the face and when him and smote them on the face and when him and smote them on the face and when he had forced them to go back he slew he had forced them to go back he slew he had forced them to go back he slew them he also fell upon great numbers as them he also fell upon great numbers as them he also fell upon great numbers as they marched down the hill and thrust they marched down the hill and thrust they marched down the hill and thrust them forward while those men were so them forward while those men were so them forward while those men were so amazed at his courage and his strength amazed at his courage and his strength amazed at his courage and his strength that they could not fly directly to the that they could not fly directly to the that they could not fly directly to the city but declined from him on both sides city but declined from him on both sides city but declined from him on both sides and pressed after those that fled up the and pressed after those that fled up the and pressed after those that fled up the hill yet did he still fall upon their hill yet did he still fall upon their hill yet did he still fall upon their flank and put a stop to their fury in flank and put a stop to their fury in flank and put a stop to their fury in the meantime a disorder and a terror the meantime a disorder and a terror the meantime a disorder and a terror fell upon those that were fortifying fell upon those that were fortifying fell upon those that were fortifying their camp at the top of the hill upon their camp at the top of the hill upon their camp at the top of the hill upon their seeing those beneath them running their seeing those beneath them running their seeing those beneath them running away insomuch that the whole Legion was away insomuch that the whole Legion was away insomuch that the whole Legion was dispersed while they thought that the dispersed while they thought that the dispersed while they thought that the salaries of the Jews upon them were salaries of the Jews upon them were salaries of the Jews upon them were plainly insupportable and that Titus was plainly insupportable and that Titus was plainly insupportable and that Titus was himself put to flight because they took himself put to flight because they took himself put to flight because they took it for granted that if he had stayed the it for granted that if he had stayed the it for granted that if he had stayed the rest would never have fled for it thus rest would never have fled for it thus rest would never have fled for it thus were they encompassed on every side by a were they encompassed on every side by a were they encompassed on every side by a kind of panic fear and some dispersed kind of panic fear and some dispersed kind of panic fear and some dispersed themselves one way and some another till themselves one way and some another till themselves one way and some another till certain of them saw their general in the

certain of them saw their general in the certain of them saw their general in the very midst of an action and being under very midst of an action and being under very midst of an action and being under great concern for him they loudly great concern for him they loudly great concern for him they loudly proclaimed the danger he was in to the proclaimed the danger he was in to the proclaimed the danger he was in to the entire Legion and now shame made them entire Legion and now shame made them entire Legion and now shame made them turn back and they reproached one turn back and they reproached one turn back and they reproached one another that they did worse than run another that they did worse than run another that they did worse than run away by deserting Caesar away by deserting Caesar away by deserting Caesar so they used their utmost force so they used their utmost force so they used their utmost force against the Jews and declining from the against the Jews and declining from the against the Jews and declining from the straight declivity they drove them on straight declivity they drove them on straight declivity they drove them on heaps into the bottom of the valley then heaps into the bottom of the valley then heaps into the bottom of the valley then did the Jews turn about and fight them did the Jews turn about and fight them did the Jews turn about and fight them but as they were themselves retiring and but as they were themselves retiring and but as they were themselves retiring and now because the Romans had the advantage now because the Romans had the advantage now because the Romans had the advantage of the ground and were above the Jews of the ground and were above the Jews of the ground and were above the Jews they drove them all into the valley they drove them all into the valley they drove them all into the valley Titus also pressed upon those that were Titus also pressed upon those that were Titus also pressed upon those that were near him and sent the Legion again to near him and sent the Legion again to near him and sent the Legion again to fortify their camp while he and those fortify their camp while he and those fortify their camp while he and those that were with him before opposed the that were with him before opposed the that were with him before opposed the enemy and kept them from doing further enemy and kept them from doing further enemy and kept them from doing further mischief in so much that if I may be mischief in so much that if I may be mischief in so much that if I may be allowed neither to add anything out of allowed neither to add anything out of allowed neither to add anything out of flattery nor to diminish anything out of flattery nor to diminish anything out of flattery nor to diminish anything out of envy but Speak the plain truth Caesar envy but Speak the plain truth Caesar envy but Speak the plain truth Caesar did twice deliver that entire Legion did twice deliver that entire Legion did twice deliver that entire Legion when it was in jeopardy and gave them a when it was in jeopardy and gave them a when it was in jeopardy and gave them a quiet opportunity of fortifying their quiet opportunity of fortifying their quiet opportunity of fortifying their camp end of book 5 chapter 2 recording camp end of book 5 chapter 2 recording camp end of book 5 chapter 2 recording by Hollis Hanover book 5 chapters 3 and by Hollis Hanover book 5 chapters 3 and by Hollis Hanover book 5 chapters 3 and 4 of the wars of the Jews this is a 4 of the wars of the Jews this is a 4 of the wars of the Jews this is a librivox recording all librivox librivox recording all librivox librivox recording all librivox recordings are in the public domain for

recordings are in the public domain for recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please more information or to volunteer please more information or to volunteer please visit librivox.org recording by Hollis visit librivox.org recording by Hollis visit librivox.org recording by Hollis Hanover the Wars of the Jews by Josephus Hanover the Wars of the Jews by Josephus Hanover the Wars of the Jews by Josephus translated by William Liston chapters 3 translated by William Liston chapters 3 translated by William Liston chapters 3 & 4 chapter 3 how this addition was & 4 chapter 3 how this addition was & 4 chapter 3 how this addition was again revived within Jerusalem again revived within Jerusalem again revived within Jerusalem and yet the Jews contrived snares for and yet the Jews contrived snares for and yet the Jews contrived snares for the Romans the Romans the Romans how Titus also threatened his soldiers how Titus also threatened his soldiers how Titus also threatened his soldiers for their uncover noble rashness 1 as for their uncover noble rashness 1 as for their uncover noble rashness 1 as now the war abroad ceased for a while now the war abroad ceased for a while now the war abroad ceased for a while the sedition within was revived and on the sedition within was revived and on the sedition within was revived and on the feast of unleavened bread which was the feast of unleavened bread which was the feast of unleavened bread which was now come at being the fourteenth day of now come at being the fourteenth day of now come at being the fourteenth day of the month as an thickest nice and when the month as an thickest nice and when the month as an thickest nice and when it is believed the Jews were first freed it is believed the Jews were first freed it is believed the Jews were first freed from the Egyptians Eleazar and his party from the Egyptians Eleazar and his party from the Egyptians Eleazar and his party opened the gates of this inmost Court of opened the gates of this inmost Court of opened the gates of this inmost Court of the temple and admitted such of the the temple and admitted such of the the temple and admitted such of the people as were desirous to worship God people as were desirous to worship God people as were desirous to worship God into it into it into it footnote footnote footnote here we see the true occasion of those here we see the true occasion of those here we see the true occasion of those vast numbers of Jews that were in vast numbers of Jews that were in vast numbers of Jews that were in Jerusalem during this siege by Titus and Jerusalem during this siege by Titus and Jerusalem during this siege by Titus and perished there in that the siege began perished there in that the siege began perished there in that the siege began at the Feast of the Passover when such at the Feast of the Passover when such at the Feast of the Passover when such prodigious multitudes of Jews and prodigious multitudes of Jews and prodigious multitudes of Jews and proselytes of the gate were come from proselytes of the gate were come from proselytes of the gate were come from all parts of Judea and from all other all parts of Judea and from all other all parts of Judea and from all other countries in order to celebrate that countries in order to celebrate that countries in order to celebrate that great festival Tacitus himself informs great festival Tacitus himself informs great festival Tacitus himself informs us that the number of men women and

us that the number of men women and us that the number of men women and children in Jerusalem when it was children in Jerusalem when it was children in Jerusalem when it was besieged by the Romans as he had been besieged by the Romans as he had been besieged by the Romans as he had been informed this information must have been informed this information must have been informed this information must have been taken from the Romans for Josephus never taken from the Romans for Josephus never taken from the Romans for Josephus never recounts the numbers of those that were recounts the numbers of those that were recounts the numbers of those that were besieged only he lets us know that of besieged only he lets us know that of besieged only he lets us know that of the vulgar carried dead out of the gates the vulgar carried dead out of the gates the vulgar carried dead out of the gates and married at the public charges was and married at the public charges was and married at the public charges was the like number of 600,000 however the like number of 600,000 however the like number of 600,000 however Wenceslas galas came first to the siege Wenceslas galas came first to the siege Wenceslas galas came first to the siege that summoned Tacitus is no way that summoned Tacitus is no way that summoned Tacitus is no way disagreeable to Josephus history though disagreeable to Josephus history though disagreeable to Josephus history though they were become much more numerous when they were become much more numerous when they were become much more numerous when Titus encompassed the city at the Titus encompassed the city at the Titus encompassed the city at the Passover as to the number that perished Passover as to the number that perished Passover as to the number that perished during this siege Josephus assures us as during this siege Josephus assures us as during this siege Josephus assures us as we shall see here after they were we shall see here after they were we shall see here after they were 1,100,000 besides ninety seven thousand 1,100,000 besides ninety seven thousand 1,100,000 besides ninety seven thousand captives but Tacitus history of the last captives but Tacitus history of the last captives but Tacitus history of the last part of this siege is not now extant so part of this siege is not now extant so part of this siege is not now extant so we cannot compare his parallel numbers we cannot compare his parallel numbers we cannot compare his parallel numbers with those of Josephus and footnote but with those of Josephus and footnote but with those of Josephus and footnote but John made use of this festival as a John made use of this festival as a John made use of this festival as a cloak for his treacherous designs and cloak for his treacherous designs and cloak for his treacherous designs and armed the most inconsiderable of his own armed the most inconsiderable of his own armed the most inconsiderable of his own party the greater part of whom were not party the greater part of whom were not party the greater part of whom were not purified with weapons concealed under purified with weapons concealed under purified with weapons concealed under their garments and sent them with great their garments and sent them with great their garments and sent them with great zeal into the temple in order to seize zeal into the temple in order to seize zeal into the temple in order to seize upon it which armed men when they were upon it which armed men when they were upon it which armed men when they were gotten in threw their garments away and gotten in threw their garments away and gotten in threw their garments away and presently appeared in their armor upon

presently appeared in their armor upon presently appeared in their armor upon which there was a very great disorder which there was a very great disorder which there was a very great disorder and disturbance about the holy house and disturbance about the holy house and disturbance about the holy house while the people who had no concern in while the people who had no concern in while the people who had no concern in this edition supposed that this assault this edition supposed that this assault this edition supposed that this assault was made against all without distinction was made against all without distinction was made against all without distinction as the zealots thought it was as the zealots thought it was as the zealots thought it was against themselves only so these left against themselves only so these left against themselves only so these left off guarding the gates any longer and off guarding the gates any longer and off guarding the gates any longer and leaped down from their battlements leaped down from their battlements leaped down from their battlements before they came to an engagement and before they came to an engagement and before they came to an engagement and fled away into the subterranean caverns fled away into the subterranean caverns fled away into the subterranean caverns of the temple while the people that of the temple while the people that of the temple while the people that stood trembling at the altar and about stood trembling at the altar and about stood trembling at the altar and about the holy house were rolled on heaps the holy house were rolled on heaps the holy house were rolled on heaps together and trampled upon and were together and trampled upon and were together and trampled upon and were beaten both with wooden and with iron beaten both with wooden and with iron beaten both with wooden and with iron weapons without mercy such also has had weapons without mercy such also has had weapons without mercy such also has had differences with others slew many differences with others slew many differences with others slew many persons that were quiet out of their own persons that were quiet out of their own persons that were quiet out of their own private enmity and hatred as if they private enmity and hatred as if they private enmity and hatred as if they were opposite to the seditious and all were opposite to the seditious and all were opposite to the seditious and all those that had formally offended any of those that had formally offended any of those that had formally offended any of these plotters were now known and were these plotters were now known and were these plotters were now known and were now led away to the slaughter and when now led away to the slaughter and when now led away to the slaughter and when they had done abundance of horrid they had done abundance of horrid they had done abundance of horrid mischief to the guiltless they granted a mischief to the guiltless they granted a mischief to the guiltless they granted a truce to the guilty and let those go off truce to the guilty and let those go off truce to the guilty and let those go off that came out of the caverns these that came out of the caverns these that came out of the caverns these followers of John also did not seize followers of John also did not seize followers of John also did not seize upon this inner temple and upon all the upon this inner temple and upon all the upon this inner temple and upon all the warlike engines therein and then warlike engines therein and then warlike engines therein and then ventured to oppose Simon and thus that ventured to oppose Simon and thus that ventured to oppose Simon and thus that sedition which had been divided into sedition which had been divided into sedition which had been divided into three factions was now reduced to two three factions was now reduced to two three factions was now reduced to two but Titus intending to pitch his camp but Titus intending to pitch his camp but Titus intending to pitch his camp nearer to the city than Scopus placed as

nearer to the city than Scopus placed as nearer to the city than Scopus placed as many of his choice horsemen and footmen many of his choice horsemen and footmen many of his choice horsemen and footmen as he thought sufficient opposite to the as he thought sufficient opposite to the as he thought sufficient opposite to the Jews to prevent their sallying out upon Jews to prevent their sallying out upon Jews to prevent their sallying out upon them while he gave orders for the whole them while he gave orders for the whole them while he gave orders for the whole army to level the distance as far as the army to level the distance as far as the army to level the distance as far as the wall of the city so they threw down all wall of the city so they threw down all wall of the city so they threw down all the hedges and walls which the the hedges and walls which the the hedges and walls which the inhabitants had made about their gardens inhabitants had made about their gardens inhabitants had made about their gardens and groves of trees and cut down all the and groves of trees and cut down all the and groves of trees and cut down all the fruit trees that lay between them in the fruit trees that lay between them in the fruit trees that lay between them in the wall of the city and filled up all the wall of the city and filled up all the wall of the city and filled up all the hollow places in the chasms and demolish hollow places in the chasms and demolish hollow places in the chasms and demolish the rocky precipices with iron the rocky precipices with iron the rocky precipices with iron instruments and thereby made all the instruments and thereby made all the instruments and thereby made all the place level from Scopus to Herod's place level from Scopus to Herod's place level from Scopus to Herod's monuments which adjoined to the pool monuments which adjoined to the pool monuments which adjoined to the pool called the Serpent's pool three now at called the Serpent's pool three now at called the Serpent's pool three now at this very time the Jews contrived the this very time the Jews contrived the this very time the Jews contrived the following stratagem against the Romans following stratagem against the Romans following stratagem against the Romans the bolder sort of the seditious went the bolder sort of the seditious went the bolder sort of the seditious went out at the towers called the women's out at the towers called the women's out at the towers called the women's towers as if they had been ejected out towers as if they had been ejected out towers as if they had been ejected out of the city by those who were of the city by those who were of the city by those who were Pease and rambled about as if they were Pease and rambled about as if they were Pease and rambled about as if they were afraid of being assaulted by the Romans afraid of being assaulted by the Romans afraid of being assaulted by the Romans and were in fear of one another while and were in fear of one another while and were in fear of one another while those that stood upon the wall and those that stood upon the wall and those that stood upon the wall and seemed to be of the people's side cried seemed to be of the people's side cried seemed to be of the people's side cried out aloud for peace and entreated they out aloud for peace and entreated they out aloud for peace and entreated they might have security for their lives might have security for their lives might have security for their lives given them and called for the Romans given them and called for the Romans given them and called for the Romans promising to open the gates to them and promising to open the gates to them and promising to open the gates to them and as they cried out after that manner they as they cried out after that manner they as they cried out after that manner they threw stones at their own people as threw stones at their own people as threw stones at their own people as though they would drive them away from though they would drive them away from though they would drive them away from the gates the gates the gates these also pretended that they were these also pretended that they were these also pretended that they were excluded by force and that they excluded by force and that they excluded by force and that they petitioned those who were within to let

petitioned those who were within to let petitioned those who were within to let them in and rushing upon the Romans them in and rushing upon the Romans them in and rushing upon the Romans perpetually with violence they then came perpetually with violence they then came perpetually with violence they then came back and seemed to be in great disorder back and seemed to be in great disorder back and seemed to be in great disorder now the Roman soldiers thought this now the Roman soldiers thought this now the Roman soldiers thought this cunning stratagem of theirs was to be cunning stratagem of theirs was to be cunning stratagem of theirs was to be believed real and thinking they had the believed real and thinking they had the believed real and thinking they had the one party under their power and could one party under their power and could one party under their power and could punish them as they pleased and hoping punish them as they pleased and hoping punish them as they pleased and hoping that the other party would open their that the other party would open their that the other party would open their gates to them set to the execution of gates to them set to the execution of gates to them set to the execution of their designs accordingly but for Titus their designs accordingly but for Titus their designs accordingly but for Titus himself he had this surprising conduct himself he had this surprising conduct himself he had this surprising conduct of the Jews in suspicion for whereas he of the Jews in suspicion for whereas he of the Jews in suspicion for whereas he had invited them to come to terms of had invited them to come to terms of had invited them to come to terms of accommodation by Josephus but one day accommodation by Josephus but one day accommodation by Josephus but one day before he could then receive no civil before he could then receive no civil before he could then receive no civil answer from them so he ordered the answer from them so he ordered the answer from them so he ordered the soldiers to stay where they were however soldiers to stay where they were however soldiers to stay where they were however some of them that were set in the front some of them that were set in the front some of them that were set in the front of the works prevented him and catching of the works prevented him and catching of the works prevented him and catching up their arms ran to the gates whereupon up their arms ran to the gates whereupon up their arms ran to the gates whereupon those that seem to have been ejected at those that seem to have been ejected at those that seem to have been ejected at the first retired but as soon as the the first retired but as soon as the the first retired but as soon as the soldiers were gotten between the towers soldiers were gotten between the towers soldiers were gotten between the towers on each side of the gate the Jews ran on each side of the gate the Jews ran on each side of the gate the Jews ran out and encompassed them round and fell out and encompassed them round and fell out and encompassed them round and fell upon them behind while that multitude upon them behind while that multitude upon them behind while that multitude which stood upon the wall threw a heap which stood upon the wall threw a heap which stood upon the wall threw a heap of stones and darts of all kinds at them of stones and darts of all kinds at them of stones and darts of all kinds at them in so much that they slew a considerable in so much that they slew a considerable in so much that they slew a considerable number and wounded many more for was not number and wounded many more for was not number and wounded many more for was not easy for the Romans to escape by reason easy for the Romans to escape by reason easy for the Romans to escape by reason those behind impressed them forward those behind impressed them forward those behind impressed them forward besides which the shame they were under besides which the shame they were under besides which the shame they were under for being mistaken and the fear they

for being mistaken and the fear they for being mistaken and the fear they were in of their commanders engaged them were in of their commanders engaged them were in of their commanders engaged them to persevere in their mistake wherefore to persevere in their mistake wherefore to persevere in their mistake wherefore they fought with their spears a great they fought with their spears a great they fought with their spears a great while and while and while and receive many blows from the Jews though receive many blows from the Jews though receive many blows from the Jews though indeed they gave them as many blows indeed they gave them as many blows indeed they gave them as many blows again and at last repelled those that again and at last repelled those that again and at last repelled those that had encompassed them about while the had encompassed them about while the had encompassed them about while the Jews pursued them as they retired and Jews pursued them as they retired and Jews pursued them as they retired and followed them and threw darts at them as followed them and threw darts at them as followed them and threw darts at them as far as the monuments of Queen Helena for far as the monuments of Queen Helena for far as the monuments of Queen Helena for after this these Jews without keeping after this these Jews without keeping after this these Jews without keeping any decorum grew insolent upon their any decorum grew insolent upon their any decorum grew insolent upon their good fortune and gestured upon the good fortune and gestured upon the good fortune and gestured upon the Romans for being diluted by the trick Romans for being diluted by the trick Romans for being diluted by the trick they had put upon them and making a they had put upon them and making a they had put upon them and making a noise with beating their shields leaped noise with beating their shields leaped noise with beating their shields leaped for gladness and made joyful for gladness and made joyful for gladness and made joyful exclamations while these soldiers were exclamations while these soldiers were exclamations while these soldiers were received with threatenings by their received with threatenings by their received with threatenings by their officers and with indignation by Caesar officers and with indignation by Caesar officers and with indignation by Caesar himself who spake to them thus these himself who spake to them thus these himself who spake to them thus these Jews who are only conducted by their Jews who are only conducted by their Jews who are only conducted by their madness do everything with care and madness do everything with care and madness do everything with care and circumspection they contrive stratagems circumspection they contrive stratagems circumspection they contrive stratagems and lay ambushes and fortune gives and lay ambushes and fortune gives and lay ambushes and fortune gives success to their stratagems because they success to their stratagems because they success to their stratagems because they are obedient and preserve their goodwill are obedient and preserve their goodwill are obedient and preserve their goodwill and fidelity to one another while the and fidelity to one another while the and fidelity to one another while the romans to whom fortune uses to be ever romans to whom fortune uses to be ever romans to whom fortune uses to be ever subservient by reason of their good subservient by reason of their good subservient by reason of their good order and ready submission to their order and ready submission to their order and ready submission to their commanders have now had ill success by commanders have now had ill success by commanders have now had ill success by the contrary behavior and by not being the contrary behavior and by not being the contrary behavior and by not being able to restrain their hands from action able to restrain their hands from action able to restrain their hands from action they have been caught and that which is

they have been caught and that which is they have been caught and that which is the most of their reproach they have the most of their reproach they have the most of their reproach they have gone on without their commanders in the gone on without their commanders in the gone on without their commanders in the very presence of Caesar truly says Titus very presence of Caesar truly says Titus very presence of Caesar truly says Titus the laws of war cannot but groan heavily the laws of war cannot but groan heavily the laws of war cannot but groan heavily as will my father also himself when he as will my father also himself when he as will my father also himself when he shall be informed of this wound that has shall be informed of this wound that has shall be informed of this wound that has been given us since he who has grown old been given us since he who has grown old been given us since he who has grown old in wars did never make so great a in wars did never make so great a in wars did never make so great a mistake our laws of war do also ever mistake our laws of war do also ever mistake our laws of war do also ever inflict capital punishment on those that inflict capital punishment on those that inflict capital punishment on those that in the least break into good order well in the least break into good order well in the least break into good order well at this time they have seen an entire at this time they have seen an entire at this time they have seen an entire army run into disorder however those army run into disorder however those army run into disorder however those that have been so insolent shall be made that have been so insolent shall be made that have been so insolent shall be made immediately sensible that even they who immediately sensible that even they who immediately sensible that even they who conquer among the Romans without orders conquer among the Romans without orders conquer among the Romans without orders for fighting are to be under disgrace for fighting are to be under disgrace for fighting are to be under disgrace when Titus had enlarged upon this matter when Titus had enlarged upon this matter when Titus had enlarged upon this matter for the commander's it appeared evident for the commander's it appeared evident for the commander's it appeared evident that he would execute the law against that he would execute the law against that he would execute the law against all those that were concerned so these all those that were concerned so these all those that were concerned so these soldiers mines sunk down in despair as soldiers mines sunk down in despair as soldiers mines sunk down in despair as expecting to be put to death and that expecting to be put to death and that expecting to be put to death and that justly end quickly however the other justly end quickly however the other justly end quickly however the other legions came round about Titus and legions came round about Titus and legions came round about Titus and entreated his favour to these their entreated his favour to these their entreated his favour to these their fellow soldiers and made supplication to fellow soldiers and made supplication to fellow soldiers and made supplication to him that he would pardon the rashness of him that he would pardon the rashness of him that he would pardon the rashness of a few on account of the better obedience a few on account of the better obedience a few on account of the better obedience of all the rest and promised for them of all the rest and promised for them of all the rest and promised for them that they should make amends for their that they should make amends for their that they should make amends for their present fault by their more virtuous present fault by their more virtuous present fault by their more virtuous behavior for the time to come five so behavior for the time to come five so behavior for the time to come five so Caesar complied with their desires and

Caesar complied with their desires and Caesar complied with their desires and with what prudence dictated to him also with what prudence dictated to him also with what prudence dictated to him also for he esteemed it fit to punish single for he esteemed it fit to punish single for he esteemed it fit to punish single persons by real executions with that the persons by real executions with that the persons by real executions with that the punishment of great multitudes that punishment of great multitudes that punishment of great multitudes that should proceed no further than reproofs should proceed no further than reproofs should proceed no further than reproofs so he was reconciled to the soldiers but so he was reconciled to the soldiers but so he was reconciled to the soldiers but gave them a special charge to act more gave them a special charge to act more gave them a special charge to act more wisely for the future and he considered wisely for the future and he considered wisely for the future and he considered with himself how he might be even with with himself how he might be even with with himself how he might be even with the Jews for their stratagem and now the Jews for their stratagem and now the Jews for their stratagem and now when the space between the Romans and when the space between the Romans and when the space between the Romans and the wall had been leveled which was done the wall had been leveled which was done the wall had been leveled which was done in four days and as he was desirous to in four days and as he was desirous to in four days and as he was desirous to bring the baggage of the army with the bring the baggage of the army with the bring the baggage of the army with the rest of the multitude that followed him rest of the multitude that followed him rest of the multitude that followed him safely to the camp he set the strongest safely to the camp he set the strongest safely to the camp he set the strongest part of his army over against that wall part of his army over against that wall part of his army over against that wall which lay on the north quarter of the which lay on the north quarter of the which lay on the north quarter of the city and over against the western part city and over against the western part city and over against the western part of it and made his army seven deep with of it and made his army seven deep with of it and made his army seven deep with the footmen placed before them and the the footmen placed before them and the the footmen placed before them and the horsemen behind them each of the last in horsemen behind them each of the last in horsemen behind them each of the last in three ranks whilst the archers stood in three ranks whilst the archers stood in three ranks whilst the archers stood in the midst in seven ranks and now as the the midst in seven ranks and now as the the midst in seven ranks and now as the Jews were prohibited by so great a body Jews were prohibited by so great a body Jews were prohibited by so great a body of men from making sally's upon the of men from making sally's upon the of men from making sally's upon the Romans both the beasts that bear the Romans both the beasts that bear the Romans both the beasts that bear the burdens and belong to the three legions burdens and belong to the three legions burdens and belong to the three legions and the rest of the multitude marched on and the rest of the multitude marched on and the rest of the multitude marched on without any fear but as for Titus without any fear but as for Titus without any fear but as for Titus himself he was but about two furlongs himself he was but about two furlongs himself he was but about two furlongs distant from the wall at that part of it distant from the wall at that part of it distant from the wall at that part of it where was the corner footnote perhaps as

where was the corner footnote perhaps as where was the corner footnote perhaps as Doctor had Doctor had Doctor had and here was that gate called the gate and here was that gate called the gate and here was that gate called the gate of the corner in 2 chronicles 26 9 and of the corner in 2 chronicles 26 9 and of the corner in 2 chronicles 26 9 and footnote and over against that tower footnote and over against that tower footnote and over against that tower which was called cephalus at which tower which was called cephalus at which tower which was called cephalus at which tower the compass of the wall belonging to the the compass of the wall belonging to the the compass of the wall belonging to the north bended and extended itself over north bended and extended itself over north bended and extended itself over against the west but the other part of against the west but the other part of against the west but the other part of the army fortified itself at the tower the army fortified itself at the tower the army fortified itself at the tower called called called Hippocrates and was distant in like Hippocrates and was distant in like Hippocrates and was distant in like manner by two furlongs from the city manner by two furlongs from the city manner by two furlongs from the city however the 10th Legion continued in its however the 10th Legion continued in its however the 10th Legion continued in its own place upon the Mount of Olives own place upon the Mount of Olives own place upon the Mount of Olives chapter 4 the description of Jerusalem 1 chapter 4 the description of Jerusalem 1 chapter 4 the description of Jerusalem 1 the city of Jerusalem was fortified with the city of Jerusalem was fortified with the city of Jerusalem was fortified with three walls on such parts as were not three walls on such parts as were not three walls on such parts as were not encompassed with unpassable valleys for encompassed with unpassable valleys for encompassed with unpassable valleys for in such places it had but one wall the in such places it had but one wall the in such places it had but one wall the city was built upon two hills which are city was built upon two hills which are city was built upon two hills which are opposite to one another and have a opposite to one another and have a opposite to one another and have a valley to divide them asunder at which valley to divide them asunder at which valley to divide them asunder at which Valley the corresponding rows of houses Valley the corresponding rows of houses Valley the corresponding rows of houses on both hills end of these hills that on both hills end of these hills that on both hills end of these hills that which contains the upper city is much which contains the upper city is much which contains the upper city is much higher and in length more direct higher and in length more direct higher and in length more direct accordingly it was called The Citadel by accordingly it was called The Citadel by accordingly it was called The Citadel by King David he was the father of that King David he was the father of that King David he was the father of that Solomon who built this temple at the Solomon who built this temple at the Solomon who built this temple at the first but it is by us called the upper first but it is by us called the upper first but it is by us called the upper marketplace but the other hill which was marketplace but the other hill which was marketplace but the other hill which was called Accra and sustains the lower city

called Accra and sustains the lower city called Accra and sustains the lower city is of the shape of a moon when she is is of the shape of a moon when she is is of the shape of a moon when she is horned over against this there was a horned over against this there was a horned over against this there was a third hill but naturally lower than third hill but naturally lower than third hill but naturally lower than Accra and parted formerly from the other Accra and parted formerly from the other Accra and parted formerly from the other by a broad valley however in those times by a broad valley however in those times by a broad valley however in those times when they as Amon and reigned they when they as Amon and reigned they when they as Amon and reigned they filled up that valley with earth and had filled up that valley with earth and had filled up that valley with earth and had a mind to join the city to the temple a mind to join the city to the temple a mind to join the city to the temple they then took off part of the height of they then took off part of the height of they then took off part of the height of Accra and reduced it to be of less Accra and reduced it to be of less Accra and reduced it to be of less elevation than it was before that the elevation than it was before that the elevation than it was before that the temple might be superior to it now temple might be superior to it now temple might be superior to it now the valley of the cheese mongers as it the valley of the cheese mongers as it the valley of the cheese mongers as it was called and was that which we told was called and was that which we told was called and was that which we told you before distinguished the hill of the you before distinguished the hill of the you before distinguished the hill of the per city from that of the lower extended per city from that of the lower extended per city from that of the lower extended as far as Siloam for that is the name of as far as Siloam for that is the name of as far as Siloam for that is the name of the fountain which hath sweet water in the fountain which hath sweet water in the fountain which hath sweet water in it and this in great plenty also but on it and this in great plenty also but on it and this in great plenty also but on the outside these hills are surrounded the outside these hills are surrounded the outside these hills are surrounded by deep valleys and by reason of the by deep valleys and by reason of the by deep valleys and by reason of the precipices to them belonging on both precipices to them belonging on both precipices to them belonging on both sides they are everywhere unpassable to sides they are everywhere unpassable to sides they are everywhere unpassable to now of these three walls the old one was now of these three walls the old one was now of these three walls the old one was hard to be taken both by reason of the hard to be taken both by reason of the hard to be taken both by reason of the valleys and of the hill on which it was valleys and of the hill on which it was valleys and of the hill on which it was built and which was above them but built and which was above them but built and which was above them but besides that great advantage as to the besides that great advantage as to the besides that great advantage as to the place where they were situated it was place where they were situated it was place where they were situated it was also built very strong because David and also built very strong because David and also built very strong because David and Solomon and the following Kings were Solomon and the following Kings were Solomon and the following Kings were very zealous about this work now that

very zealous about this work now that very zealous about this work now that wall began on the north at the tower wall began on the north at the tower wall began on the north at the tower called Hippocrates and extended as far called Hippocrates and extended as far called Hippocrates and extended as far as the distance a place so called and as the distance a place so called and as the distance a place so called and then joining to the council house ended then joining to the council house ended then joining to the council house ended at the West coaster of the temple but if at the West coaster of the temple but if at the West coaster of the temple but if we go the other way westward it began at we go the other way westward it began at we go the other way westward it began at the same place and extended through a the same place and extended through a the same place and extended through a place called Beth so to the gate of the place called Beth so to the gate of the place called Beth so to the gate of the essence and after that it went southward essence and after that it went southward essence and after that it went southward having its bending above the Fountains having its bending above the Fountains having its bending above the Fountains Siloam where it also bends again toward Siloam where it also bends again toward Siloam where it also bends again toward the east at Solomon's pool and reaches the east at Solomon's pool and reaches the east at Solomon's pool and reaches as far as a certain place which they as far as a certain place which they as far as a certain place which they called Alice where it was joined to the called Alice where it was joined to the called Alice where it was joined to the eastern cloister of the temple the eastern cloister of the temple the eastern cloister of the temple the second wall took its beginning from that second wall took its beginning from that second wall took its beginning from that gate which they call gate which they call gate which they call jennife which belonged to the first wall jennife which belonged to the first wall jennife which belonged to the first wall it only encompassed the northern quarter it only encompassed the northern quarter it only encompassed the northern quarter of the city and reached as far as the of the city and reached as far as the of the city and reached as far as the Tower Antonia the beginning of the third Tower Antonia the beginning of the third Tower Antonia the beginning of the third wall was at the tower hipa 'kiss whence wall was at the tower hipa 'kiss whence wall was at the tower hipa 'kiss whence it reached as far as the north quarter it reached as far as the north quarter it reached as far as the north quarter of the city and the tower cephalus and of the city and the tower cephalus and of the city and the tower cephalus and then was so far extended till it came then was so far extended till it came then was so far extended till it came over against the monuments of Helena over against the monuments of Helena over against the monuments of Helena which Helen it was queen of Idi Amin a which Helen it was queen of Idi Amin a which Helen it was queen of Idi Amin a the daughter of isaiah's it then the daughter of isaiah's it then the daughter of isaiah's it then and further to a greater length and and further to a greater length and and further to a greater length and passed by the sepulchral caverns of the passed by the sepulchral caverns of the passed by the sepulchral caverns of the Kings and been again at the tower of the Kings and been again at the tower of the Kings and been again at the tower of the corner at the monument which is called

corner at the monument which is called corner at the monument which is called monument of the fuller and joined to the monument of the fuller and joined to the monument of the fuller and joined to the old wall as the valley called Valley of old wall as the valley called Valley of old wall as the valley called Valley of cedron it was Agrippa who encompassed cedron it was Agrippa who encompassed cedron it was Agrippa who encompassed the parts added to the old city with the parts added to the old city with the parts added to the old city with this wall which had been all naked this wall which had been all naked this wall which had been all naked before for as the city grew more before for as the city grew more before for as the city grew more populous and gradually crept beyond its populous and gradually crept beyond its populous and gradually crept beyond its old limits and those parts of it that old limits and those parts of it that old limits and those parts of it that stood northward of the temple and joined stood northward of the temple and joined stood northward of the temple and joined that hill to the city made it that hill to the city made it that hill to the city made it considerably larger and occasion that considerably larger and occasion that considerably larger and occasion that Hill which is in number the fourth and Hill which is in number the fourth and Hill which is in number the fourth and is also called bazzetta to be inhabited is also called bazzetta to be inhabited is also called bazzetta to be inhabited also it lies over against the tower also it lies over against the tower also it lies over against the tower Antonia but is divided from it by a deep Antonia but is divided from it by a deep Antonia but is divided from it by a deep valley which was dug on purpose and that valley which was dug on purpose and that valley which was dug on purpose and that in order to hinder the foundations of in order to hinder the foundations of in order to hinder the foundations of the Tower of Antonia from joining to the Tower of Antonia from joining to the Tower of Antonia from joining to this hill and thereby affording an this hill and thereby affording an this hill and thereby affording an opportunity for getting to it with ease opportunity for getting to it with ease opportunity for getting to it with ease and hindering the security that arose and hindering the security that arose and hindering the security that arose from its superior elevation for which from its superior elevation for which from its superior elevation for which reason also that depth of the ditch made reason also that depth of the ditch made reason also that depth of the ditch made the elevation of the towers more the elevation of the towers more the elevation of the towers more remarkable this new built part of the remarkable this new built part of the remarkable this new built part of the city was called bazzetta in our language city was called bazzetta in our language city was called bazzetta in our language which if interpreted in the Grecian which if interpreted in the Grecian which if interpreted in the Grecian language may be called the new city language may be called the new city language may be called the new city since therefore its inhabitants stood in since therefore its inhabitants stood in since therefore its inhabitants stood in need of a covering the father of the need of a covering the father of the need of a covering the father of the present King and of the same name with present King and of the same name with present King and of the same name with him Agrippa began the wall we spoke of him Agrippa began the wall we spoke of him Agrippa began the wall we spoke of but he left off building it when he had

but he left off building it when he had but he left off building it when he had only laid the foundations out of the only laid the foundations out of the only laid the foundations out of the fear he was in of Claudius Caesar unless fear he was in of Claudius Caesar unless fear he was in of Claudius Caesar unless he should suspect that so strong a wall he should suspect that so strong a wall he should suspect that so strong a wall was built in order to make some was built in order to make some was built in order to make some innovation in public affairs for the innovation in public affairs for the innovation in public affairs for the city could no way have been taken if city could no way have been taken if city could no way have been taken if that wall had been finished in the that wall had been finished in the that wall had been finished in the manner it was begun as its parts were manner it was begun as its parts were manner it was begun as its parts were connected together by stones twenty connected together by stones twenty connected together by stones twenty cubits long and ten cubits broad which cubits long and ten cubits broad which cubits long and ten cubits broad which could never have been easily either could never have been easily either could never have been easily either undermined by any iron tools undermined by any iron tools undermined by any iron tools or shaken by any engines the wall was or shaken by any engines the wall was or shaken by any engines the wall was however ten cubits wide and it would however ten cubits wide and it would however ten cubits wide and it would probably have had a height greater than probably have had a height greater than probably have had a height greater than that had not his zeal who began it been that had not his zeal who began it been that had not his zeal who began it been hindered from exerting itself after this hindered from exerting itself after this hindered from exerting itself after this it was erected with great diligence by it was erected with great diligence by it was erected with great diligence by the Jews as high as twenty cubits above the Jews as high as twenty cubits above the Jews as high as twenty cubits above which it had battlements of two cubits which it had battlements of two cubits which it had battlements of two cubits and turrets of three cubits altitude in and turrets of three cubits altitude in and turrets of three cubits altitude in so much that the entire altitude so much that the entire altitude so much that the entire altitude extended as far as 25 cubits extended as far as 25 cubits extended as far as 25 cubits three now the towers that were upon it three now the towers that were upon it three now the towers that were upon it were twenty cubits in breadth and twenty were twenty cubits in breadth and twenty were twenty cubits in breadth and twenty cubits in height they were square and cubits in height they were square and cubits in height they were square and solid as was the wall itself were in the solid as was the wall itself were in the solid as was the wall itself were in the niceness of the joints and the beauty of niceness of the joints and the beauty of niceness of the joints and the beauty of the stones were no way inferior to those the stones were no way inferior to those the stones were no way inferior to those of the holy house itself above this of the holy house itself above this of the holy house itself above this solid altitude of the towers which was solid altitude of the towers which was solid altitude of the towers which was twenty cubits there were rooms of great

twenty cubits there were rooms of great twenty cubits there were rooms of great magnificence and over them upper rooms magnificence and over them upper rooms magnificence and over them upper rooms and cisterns to receive rainwater they and cisterns to receive rainwater they and cisterns to receive rainwater they were many in number and the steps by were many in number and the steps by were many in number and the steps by which you ascended up to them were every which you ascended up to them were every which you ascended up to them were every one broad of these towers then the third one broad of these towers then the third one broad of these towers then the third wall had ninety and the spaces between wall had ninety and the spaces between wall had ninety and the spaces between them were each two hundred cubits but in them were each two hundred cubits but in them were each two hundred cubits but in the middle walls were forty towers and the middle walls were forty towers and the middle walls were forty towers and the old wall was parted into sixty while the old wall was parted into sixty while the old wall was parted into sixty while the whole compass of the city was 33 the whole compass of the city was 33 the whole compass of the city was 33 furlongs furlongs furlongs now the third wall was all of it now the third wall was all of it now the third wall was all of it wonderful yet was the tower cephalus wonderful yet was the tower cephalus wonderful yet was the tower cephalus elevated above it at the northwest elevated above it at the northwest elevated above it at the northwest corner and there Titus pitched his own corner and there Titus pitched his own corner and there Titus pitched his own tent for being seventy cubits high and tent for being seventy cubits high and tent for being seventy cubits high and both afforded a prospect of Arabia at both afforded a prospect of Arabia at both afforded a prospect of Arabia at Sun setting as well as it bid of the Sun setting as well as it bid of the Sun setting as well as it bid of the utmost limits of the Hebrew possessions utmost limits of the Hebrew possessions utmost limits of the Hebrew possessions at the sea westward moreover it was an at the sea westward moreover it was an at the sea westward moreover it was an octagon and over against it was the octagon and over against it was the octagon and over against it was the tower hippolochus and hard by two others tower hippolochus and hard by two others tower hippolochus and hard by two others were erected by King Herod in the were erected by King Herod in the were erected by King Herod in the wall these were for largeness beauty and wall these were for largeness beauty and wall these were for largeness beauty and strength beyond all that were in the strength beyond all that were in the strength beyond all that were in the habitable earth for besides the habitable earth for besides the habitable earth for besides the magnanimity of his nature and his magnanimity of his nature and his magnanimity of his nature and his magnificence toward the city on other magnificence toward the city on other magnificence toward the city on other occasions he built these after such an occasions he built these after such an occasions he built these after such an extraordinary manner to gratify his own extraordinary manner to gratify his own extraordinary manner to gratify his own private affections and dedicated these

private affections and dedicated these private affections and dedicated these towers to the memory of those three towers to the memory of those three towers to the memory of those three persons who had been the dearest to him persons who had been the dearest to him persons who had been the dearest to him and from whom he named them and from whom he named them and from whom he named them they were his brother his friend and his they were his brother his friend and his they were his brother his friend and his wife this wife he had slain out of his wife this wife he had slain out of his wife this wife he had slain out of his love and jealousy as we have already love and jealousy as we have already love and jealousy as we have already related the other two he lost in war as related the other two he lost in war as related the other two he lost in war as they were courageously fighting HIPAA they were courageously fighting HIPAA they were courageously fighting HIPAA cos so named from his friend was square cos so named from his friend was square cos so named from his friend was square its length and breadth were each 25 its length and breadth were each 25 its length and breadth were each 25 cubits and its high to 30 and it had no cubits and its high to 30 and it had no cubits and its high to 30 and it had no vacuity in it over this solid building vacuity in it over this solid building vacuity in it over this solid building which was composed in great stones which was composed in great stones which was composed in great stones United together there was a reservoir 20 United together there was a reservoir 20 United together there was a reservoir 20 cubits deep over which there was a house cubits deep over which there was a house cubits deep over which there was a house of two stories whose height was 25 of two stories whose height was 25 of two stories whose height was 25 cubits and divided into several parts cubits and divided into several parts cubits and divided into several parts over which were battlements of two over which were battlements of two over which were battlements of two cubits and turrets all around of three cubits and turrets all around of three cubits and turrets all around of three cubits high and so much that the entire cubits high and so much that the entire cubits high and so much that the entire height added together amounted to four height added together amounted to four height added together amounted to four score cubits the second Tower which he score cubits the second Tower which he score cubits the second Tower which he named from his brother faceless had its named from his brother faceless had its named from his brother faceless had its breadth and its height equal each of breadth and its height equal each of breadth and its height equal each of them 40 cubits over which was its solid them 40 cubits over which was its solid them 40 cubits over which was its solid height of 40 cubits over which a height of 40 cubits over which a height of 40 cubits over which a cloister went round about whose height cloister went round about whose height cloister went round about whose height was 10 cubits and it was covered from was 10 cubits and it was covered from was 10 cubits and it was covered from enemies by a breastwork and bulwark enemies by a breastwork and bulwark enemies by a breastwork and bulwark there was also built over that cloister

there was also built over that cloister there was also built over that cloister another tower parted into magnificent another tower parted into magnificent another tower parted into magnificent rooms and a place for bathing so that rooms and a place for bathing so that rooms and a place for bathing so that this Tower wanted nothing that might this Tower wanted nothing that might this Tower wanted nothing that might make it appear to be a royal palace it make it appear to be a royal palace it make it appear to be a royal palace it was adorned also with battlements and was adorned also with battlements and was adorned also with battlements and turrets more than was the foregoing and turrets more than was the foregoing and turrets more than was the foregoing and the entire altitude was about 90 cubits the entire altitude was about 90 cubits the entire altitude was about 90 cubits the appearance of the appearance of the appearance of resembled the tower of Ferris which resembled the tower of Ferris which resembled the tower of Ferris which exhibited a fire to such as sail to exhibited a fire to such as sail to exhibited a fire to such as sail to Alexandria but this was much larger than Alexandria but this was much larger than Alexandria but this was much larger than it encompass this was now converted into it encompass this was now converted into it encompass this was now converted into a house were in Simon exercised his a house were in Simon exercised his a house were in Simon exercised his tyrannical authority the third tower was tyrannical authority the third tower was tyrannical authority the third tower was Mary Omni for that was his Queens name Mary Omni for that was his Queens name Mary Omni for that was his Queens name it was solid as high as 20 cubits its it was solid as high as 20 cubits its it was solid as high as 20 cubits its breadth and its length were 20 cubits breadth and its length were 20 cubits breadth and its length were 20 cubits and we're equal to each other it's upper and we're equal to each other it's upper and we're equal to each other it's upper buildings were more magnificent and had buildings were more magnificent and had buildings were more magnificent and had greater variety than the other towers greater variety than the other towers greater variety than the other towers had for the King thought it most proper had for the King thought it most proper had for the King thought it most proper for him to adorn that which was for him to adorn that which was for him to adorn that which was denominated from his wife better than denominated from his wife better than denominated from his wife better than those denominated from men as those were those denominated from men as those were those denominated from men as those were built stronger than this which more his built stronger than this which more his built stronger than this which more his wife's name the entire height of this wife's name the entire height of this wife's name the entire height of this tower was fifty cubits for now as these tower was fifty cubits for now as these tower was fifty cubits for now as these towers were also very tall they appeared towers were also very tall they appeared towers were also very tall they appeared much taller by the place on which they much taller by the place on which they much taller by the place on which they stood for that very old wall wherein stood for that very old wall wherein stood for that very old wall wherein they were built was on a high hill and they were built was on a high hill and they were built was on a high hill and was itself a kind of elevation that was was itself a kind of elevation that was was itself a kind of elevation that was still 30 cubits taller over which were

still 30 cubits taller over which were still 30 cubits taller over which were the towers situated and and thereby were the towers situated and and thereby were the towers situated and and thereby were made much higher to appearance the made much higher to appearance the made much higher to appearance the largeness also of the stones was largeness also of the stones was largeness also of the stones was wonderful for they were not made of wonderful for they were not made of wonderful for they were not made of common small stones nor of such large common small stones nor of such large common small stones nor of such large ones only as men could carry but they ones only as men could carry but they ones only as men could carry but they were of white marble cut out of the rock were of white marble cut out of the rock were of white marble cut out of the rock each stone was twenty cubits in length each stone was twenty cubits in length each stone was twenty cubits in length and ten and breadth and five in depth and ten and breadth and five in depth and ten and breadth and five in depth they were so exactly united to one they were so exactly united to one they were so exactly united to one another another another that each Tower looked like one entire that each Tower looked like one entire that each Tower looked like one entire rock of stone so growing naturally and rock of stone so growing naturally and rock of stone so growing naturally and afterward cut by the hand of the afterward cut by the hand of the afterward cut by the hand of the artificers into their present shape and artificers into their present shape and artificers into their present shape and corners so little or not at all did corners so little or not at all did corners so little or not at all did their joints or connection appear low as their joints or connection appear low as their joints or connection appear low as these towers were themselves on the these towers were themselves on the these towers were themselves on the north side of the wall the king had a north side of the wall the king had a north side of the wall the king had a palace inwardly there too joined which palace inwardly there too joined which palace inwardly there too joined which exceeds all my ability to describe it exceeds all my ability to describe it exceeds all my ability to describe it for it was so very curious as to want no for it was so very curious as to want no for it was so very curious as to want no cost nor skill in its construction but cost nor skill in its construction but cost nor skill in its construction but was entirely walled about to the height was entirely walled about to the height was entirely walled about to the height of 30 of 30 of 30 cubitt's and was adorned with towers at cubitt's and was adorned with towers at cubitt's and was adorned with towers at equal distances and with large bed equal distances and with large bed equal distances and with large bed chambers that would contain beds for a chambers that would contain beds for a chambers that would contain beds for a hundred guests apiece in which the hundred guests apiece in which the hundred guests apiece in which the variety of the stones is not to be variety of the stones is not to be variety of the stones is not to be expressed for a large quantity of those expressed for a large quantity of those expressed for a large quantity of those that were rare of that kind were that were rare of that kind were that were rare of that kind were collected together their roofs were also collected together their roofs were also collected together their roofs were also wonderful both for the length of the wonderful both for the length of the wonderful both for the length of the beams and the splendor of their beams and the splendor of their beams and the splendor of their ornaments the number of the rooms was

ornaments the number of the rooms was ornaments the number of the rooms was also very great and the variety of the also very great and the variety of the also very great and the variety of the figures that were a mouth and was figures that were a mouth and was figures that were a mouth and was prodigious their furniture was complete prodigious their furniture was complete prodigious their furniture was complete and the greatest part of the vessels and the greatest part of the vessels and the greatest part of the vessels that were put in that was of silver and that were put in that was of silver and that were put in that was of silver and gold there were besides many porticoes gold there were besides many porticoes gold there were besides many porticoes one beyond another roundabout and in one beyond another roundabout and in one beyond another roundabout and in each of these porticoes curious pillars each of these porticoes curious pillars each of these porticoes curious pillars yet were all the courts that were yet were all the courts that were yet were all the courts that were exposed to the air everywhere green exposed to the air everywhere green exposed to the air everywhere green there were more over several groves of there were more over several groves of there were more over several groves of trees and long walks through them with trees and long walks through them with trees and long walks through them with deep canals and cisterns that in several deep canals and cisterns that in several deep canals and cisterns that in several parts were filled with brazen statues parts were filled with brazen statues parts were filled with brazen statues through which the water ran out there through which the water ran out there through which the water ran out there were withal many dove quarts of tame were withal many dove quarts of tame were withal many dove quarts of tame pigeons about the canals footnote these pigeons about the canals footnote these pigeons about the canals footnote these dove courts in Josephus built by Herod dove courts in Josephus built by Herod dove courts in Josephus built by Herod the Great are in the opinion of real and the Great are in the opinion of real and the Great are in the opinion of real and the very same that are mentioned by the the very same that are mentioned by the the very same that are mentioned by the Talmud it's and named by them Herod's Talmud it's and named by them Herod's Talmud it's and named by them Herod's Dell courts nor is there any reason to Dell courts nor is there any reason to Dell courts nor is there any reason to suppose otherwise since in both accounts suppose otherwise since in both accounts suppose otherwise since in both accounts they were expressly tame pigeons which they were expressly tame pigeons which they were expressly tame pigeons which were kept in them and footnote but were kept in them and footnote but were kept in them and footnote but indeed it is not possible to give a indeed it is not possible to give a indeed it is not possible to give a complete description of these palaces complete description of these palaces complete description of these palaces and the very remembrance of them is a and the very remembrance of them is a and the very remembrance of them is a torment to one as putting one in mind torment to one as putting one in mind torment to one as putting one in mind what vastly rich buildings that fire what vastly rich buildings that fire what vastly rich buildings that fire which was kindled by the robbers has which was kindled by the robbers has which was kindled by the robbers has consumed four these were not burned by consumed four these were not burned by consumed four these were not burned by the Romans but by these internal the Romans but by these internal the Romans but by these internal plotters as we've already related in the

plotters as we've already related in the plotters as we've already related in the beginning of their rebellion that fire beginning of their rebellion that fire beginning of their rebellion that fire began at the Tower of Antonia and went began at the Tower of Antonia and went began at the Tower of Antonia and went on to the palaces and consumed the upper on to the palaces and consumed the upper on to the palaces and consumed the upper parts of the three towers themselves parts of the three towers themselves parts of the three towers themselves and of book 5 chapters 3 & 4 recording and of book 5 chapters 3 & 4 recording and of book 5 chapters 3 & 4 recording by the Hollis Hanover book 5 chapter 5 by the Hollis Hanover book 5 chapter 5 by the Hollis Hanover book 5 chapter 5 of the Wars of the Jews this is a of the Wars of the Jews this is a of the Wars of the Jews this is a librivox recording all librivox librivox recording all librivox librivox recording all librivox recordings are in the public domain for recordings are in the public domain for recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please more information or to volunteer please more information or to volunteer please visit librivox.org the Wars of the Jews visit librivox.org the Wars of the Jews visit librivox.org the Wars of the Jews by Josephus translated by William Weston by Josephus translated by William Weston by Josephus translated by William Weston chapter 5 a description of the temple 1 chapter 5 a description of the temple 1 chapter 5 a description of the temple 1 now this temple as I have already said now this temple as I have already said now this temple as I have already said was built upon a strong hill at first was built upon a strong hill at first was built upon a strong hill at first the plain at the top was hardly the plain at the top was hardly the plain at the top was hardly sufficient for the holy house and the sufficient for the holy house and the sufficient for the holy house and the altar for the ground about it was very altar for the ground about it was very altar for the ground about it was very uneven and like a precipice but when uneven and like a precipice but when uneven and like a precipice but when King Solomon who was the person that King Solomon who was the person that King Solomon who was the person that built the temple had built a wall to it built the temple had built a wall to it built the temple had built a wall to it on its east side there was then added on its east side there was then added on its east side there was then added one cloister founded on a bank cast up one cloister founded on a bank cast up one cloister founded on a bank cast up for it and on the other parts the holy for it and on the other parts the holy for it and on the other parts the holy house stood naked but in future ages the house stood naked but in future ages the house stood naked but in future ages the people added new banks and the hill people added new banks and the hill people added new banks and the hill became a larger plain footnote see the

became a larger plain footnote see the became a larger plain footnote see the description of the temples here - description of the temples here - description of the temples here - belonging chapter 15 but note that what belonging chapter 15 but note that what belonging chapter 15 but note that what Josephus here says of the original Josephus here says of the original Josephus here says of the original scantiness of this Mount Moriah that it scantiness of this Mount Moriah that it scantiness of this Mount Moriah that it was quite too little for the temple and was quite too little for the temple and was quite too little for the temple and that at first it held only one cloister that at first it held only one cloister that at first it held only one cloister or quart of Solomon's Temple and that or quart of Solomon's Temple and that or quart of Solomon's Temple and that the foundations were forced to be added the foundations were forced to be added the foundations were forced to be added long afterwards by degrees to render it long afterwards by degrees to render it long afterwards by degrees to render it capable of the cloisters for the other capable of the cloisters for the other capable of the cloisters for the other courts etc is without all foundation in courts etc is without all foundation in courts etc is without all foundation in the scriptures and not at all confirmed the scriptures and not at all confirmed the scriptures and not at all confirmed by his exact ur account in the by his exact ur account in the by his exact ur account in the antiquities all that is or can be true antiquities all that is or can be true antiquities all that is or can be true here is this that when the court of the here is this that when the court of the here is this that when the court of the Gentiles was long afterward to be Gentiles was long afterward to be Gentiles was long afterward to be encompassed with cloisters the southern encompassed with cloisters the southern encompassed with cloisters the southern foundation for these cloisters was foundation for these cloisters was foundation for these cloisters was founded not to be large or firm enough founded not to be large or firm enough founded not to be large or firm enough and was raised and that additional and was raised and that additional and was raised and that additional foundation supported by great pillars foundation supported by great pillars foundation supported by great pillars and arches and arches and arches underground which Josephus speaks of underground which Josephus speaks of underground which Josephus speaks of elsewhere and which mr. mount Durelle elsewhere and which mr. mount Durelle elsewhere and which mr. mount Durelle saw and describes as extent underground saw and describes as extent underground saw and describes as extent underground at this day and footnote they then broke at this day and footnote they then broke at this day and footnote they then broke down the wall on the north side and took down the wall on the north side and took down the wall on the north side and took in as much as sufficed afterward for the in as much as sufficed afterward for the in as much as sufficed afterward for the compass of the entire building and when compass of the entire building and when compass of the entire building and when they had built walls on three sides of they had built walls on three sides of they had built walls on three sides of the temple roundabout from the bottom of the temple roundabout from the bottom of the temple roundabout from the bottom of the hill and had performed a work that the hill and had performed a work that the hill and had performed a work that was greater than could be hoped for in was greater than could be hoped for in was greater than could be hoped for in which work long ages were spent by them which work long ages were spent by them which work long ages were spent by them as well as all their sacred treasures

as well as all their sacred treasures as well as all their sacred treasures were exhausted which were still were exhausted which were still were exhausted which were still replenished by those tributes which were replenished by those tributes which were replenished by those tributes which were sent to God from the whole habitable sent to God from the whole habitable sent to God from the whole habitable earth earth earth they then encompassed the upper parts they then encompassed the upper parts they then encompassed the upper parts with cloisters as well as they afterward with cloisters as well as they afterward with cloisters as well as they afterward did the lowest court of the temple the did the lowest court of the temple the did the lowest court of the temple the lowest part of this was erected to a lowest part of this was erected to a lowest part of this was erected to a height of 300 cubits and in some places height of 300 cubits and in some places height of 300 cubits and in some places more yet did not the entire depth of the more yet did not the entire depth of the more yet did not the entire depth of the Foundation's appear before they brought Foundation's appear before they brought Foundation's appear before they brought earth and filled up the valleys as being earth and filled up the valleys as being earth and filled up the valleys as being desirous to make them on a level with desirous to make them on a level with desirous to make them on a level with the narrow streets of the city wherein the narrow streets of the city wherein the narrow streets of the city wherein they made use of stones of 40 cubits in they made use of stones of 40 cubits in they made use of stones of 40 cubits in magnitude for the great plenty of money magnitude for the great plenty of money magnitude for the great plenty of money they then had and the liberality of the they then had and the liberality of the they then had and the liberality of the people made this attempt of theirs to people made this attempt of theirs to people made this attempt of theirs to succeed to an incredible degree and what succeed to an incredible degree and what succeed to an incredible degree and what could not be so much as hoped for as could not be so much as hoped for as could not be so much as hoped for as ever to be accomplished was by ever to be accomplished was by ever to be accomplished was by perseverance and length of time brought perseverance and length of time brought perseverance and length of time brought to perfection to now for the works that to perfection to now for the works that to perfection to now for the works that were above these foundations these were were above these foundations these were were above these foundations these were not unworthy of such foundations for all not unworthy of such foundations for all not unworthy of such foundations for all the cloisters were double and the the cloisters were double and the the cloisters were double and the pillars to them belonging were twenty pillars to them belonging were twenty pillars to them belonging were twenty five cubits in height and supported the five cubits in height and supported the five cubits in height and supported the cloisters these pillars were of one cloisters these pillars were of one cloisters these pillars were of one entire stone each of them and that stone entire stone each of them and that stone entire stone each of them and that stone was white marble and the roofs were was white marble and the roofs were was white marble and the roofs were adorned with cedar curiously graven the adorned with cedar curiously graven the adorned with cedar curiously graven the natural magnificence the excellent natural magnificence the excellent natural magnificence the excellent polish and the harmony of the joints in

polish and the harmony of the joints in polish and the harmony of the joints in these cloisters afforded a prospect that these cloisters afforded a prospect that these cloisters afforded a prospect that was very remarkable was very remarkable was very remarkable nor was it on the outside adorned with nor was it on the outside adorned with nor was it on the outside adorned with any work of the painter or engraver the any work of the painter or engraver the any work of the painter or engraver the cloisters of the outmost court were cloisters of the outmost court were cloisters of the outmost court were in-breath 30 cubits while the entire in-breath 30 cubits while the entire in-breath 30 cubits while the entire compass of it was by measure six compass of it was by measure six compass of it was by measure six furlongs including the Tower of Antonia furlongs including the Tower of Antonia furlongs including the Tower of Antonia those entire courts that were exposed to those entire courts that were exposed to those entire courts that were exposed to the air were laid with stones of all the air were laid with stones of all the air were laid with stones of all sorts when you go through these first sorts when you go through these first sorts when you go through these first cloisters unto the second court of the cloisters unto the second court of the cloisters unto the second court of the temple there was a partition made of temple there was a partition made of temple there was a partition made of stone all around whose height was three stone all around whose height was three stone all around whose height was three cubits its construction was very elegant cubits its construction was very elegant cubits its construction was very elegant upon it stood pillars at equal distance upon it stood pillars at equal distance upon it stood pillars at equal distance from one another from one another from one another declaring the law of purity some in declaring the law of purity some in declaring the law of purity some in Greek and some in Roman letters that Greek and some in Roman letters that Greek and some in Roman letters that quote no foreigner should go within that quote no foreigner should go within that quote no foreigner should go within that sanctuary close quote for that second sanctuary close quote for that second sanctuary close quote for that second court of the temple was called the court of the temple was called the court of the temple was called the sanctuary and was ascended to by sanctuary and was ascended to by sanctuary and was ascended to by fourteen steps from the first court this fourteen steps from the first court this fourteen steps from the first court this court was Foursquare and had a wall court was Foursquare and had a wall court was Foursquare and had a wall about its peculiar to itself about its peculiar to itself about its peculiar to itself the height of its buildings although it the height of its buildings although it the height of its buildings although it were on the outside 40 cubits was hidden were on the outside 40 cubits was hidden were on the outside 40 cubits was hidden by the steps and on the inside that by the steps and on the inside that by the steps and on the inside that height was but 25 cubits height was but 25 cubits height was but 25 cubits footnote what Josephus seems here to me footnote what Josephus seems here to me footnote what Josephus seems here to me is this that these pillars supporting is this that these pillars supporting is this that these pillars supporting the cloisters in the second court had

the cloisters in the second court had the cloisters in the second court had their foundations or lowest parts as their foundations or lowest parts as their foundations or lowest parts as deep as the floor of the first or lowest deep as the floor of the first or lowest deep as the floor of the first or lowest court but that so far of those lowest court but that so far of those lowest court but that so far of those lowest parts as were equal to the elevation of parts as were equal to the elevation of parts as were equal to the elevation of the upper floor above the lowest were the upper floor above the lowest were the upper floor above the lowest were and must be hidden on the inside by the and must be hidden on the inside by the and must be hidden on the inside by the ground or rock itself on which that ground or rock itself on which that ground or rock itself on which that upper court was built so that 40 cubits upper court was built so that 40 cubits upper court was built so that 40 cubits visible below were reduced to 25 visible visible below were reduced to 25 visible visible below were reduced to 25 visible above and implies the difference of above and implies the difference of above and implies the difference of their height to be 15 cubits the main their height to be 15 cubits the main their height to be 15 cubits the main difficulty lies here how 14 or 15 steps difficulty lies here how 14 or 15 steps difficulty lies here how 14 or 15 steps should give an ascent of 15 cubits half should give an ascent of 15 cubits half should give an ascent of 15 cubits half a cubit seeming sufficient for a single a cubit seeming sufficient for a single a cubit seeming sufficient for a single step step step there were 14 or 15 steps at the there were 14 or 15 steps at the there were 14 or 15 steps at the partition wall and 14 or 15 war events partition wall and 14 or 15 war events partition wall and 14 or 15 war events into the court itself which would bring into the court itself which would bring into the court itself which would bring the whole near to the just proportion the whole near to the just proportion the whole near to the just proportion and footnote 4 it being built over and footnote 4 it being built over and footnote 4 it being built over against a higher part of the hill with against a higher part of the hill with against a higher part of the hill with steps it was no further to be entirely steps it was no further to be entirely steps it was no further to be entirely discerned within being covered by the discerned within being covered by the discerned within being covered by the hill itself beyond these 13 steps there hill itself beyond these 13 steps there hill itself beyond these 13 steps there was a distance of 10 cubits this was all was a distance of 10 cubits this was all was a distance of 10 cubits this was all plain whence there were other steps each plain whence there were other steps each plain whence there were other steps each five cubits apiece that led to the gates five cubits apiece that led to the gates five cubits apiece that led to the gates which gates on the north and south sides which gates on the north and south sides which gates on the north and south sides were eight on each of those sides for were eight on each of those sides for were eight on each of those sides for and of necessity to on the east for

and of necessity to on the east for and of necessity to on the east for since there was a partition built for since there was a partition built for since there was a partition built for the women on that side as the proper the women on that side as the proper the women on that side as the proper place where and they were to worship place where and they were to worship place where and they were to worship there was a necessity for a second gate there was a necessity for a second gate there was a necessity for a second gate for them this gate was cut out of its for them this gate was cut out of its for them this gate was cut out of its wall over against the first gate there wall over against the first gate there wall over against the first gate there was also on the other sides one southern was also on the other sides one southern was also on the other sides one southern and one northern gate through which was and one northern gate through which was and one northern gate through which was a passage into the court of the women a passage into the court of the women a passage into the court of the women for as to the other gates the women were for as to the other gates the women were for as to the other gates the women were not allowed to pass through them nor not allowed to pass through them nor not allowed to pass through them nor when they went through their own gate when they went through their own gate when they went through their own gate could they go beyond their own wall this could they go beyond their own wall this could they go beyond their own wall this place was allotted to the women of our place was allotted to the women of our place was allotted to the women of our own country and of other countries own country and of other countries own country and of other countries provided they were of the same nation provided they were of the same nation provided they were of the same nation and that equally the western part of and that equally the western part of and that equally the western part of this Court had no gate at all but the this Court had no gate at all but the this Court had no gate at all but the wall was built and tire on that side but wall was built and tire on that side but wall was built and tire on that side but then the cloisters which were betwixt then the cloisters which were betwixt then the cloisters which were betwixt the gates extended from the wall inward the gates extended from the wall inward the gates extended from the wall inward before the chambers for they were before the chambers for they were before the chambers for they were supported by very fine and large pillars supported by very fine and large pillars supported by very fine and large pillars these cloisters were single and these cloisters were single and these cloisters were single and accepting their magnitude were in no way accepting their magnitude were in no way accepting their magnitude were in no way inferior to those of the lower court inferior to those of the lower court inferior to those of the lower court three now nine of these gates were on three now nine of these gates were on three now nine of these gates were on every side covered over with gold and every side covered over with gold and every side covered over with gold and silver as were the jams of the doors and silver as were the jams of the doors and silver as were the jams of the doors and their lentils but there was one gate their lentils but there was one gate their lentils but there was one gate that was without the inward court of the that was without the inward court of the that was without the inward court of the holy house which was of Corinthian brass holy house which was of Corinthian brass holy house which was of Corinthian brass and great and great and great we excel those that were only covered we excel those that were only covered we excel those that were only covered over with silver and gold each gate had

over with silver and gold each gate had over with silver and gold each gate had two doors whose height was severally 30 two doors whose height was severally 30 two doors whose height was severally 30 cubits and their breadth 15 however they cubits and their breadth 15 however they cubits and their breadth 15 however they had large spaces within of 30 cubits and had large spaces within of 30 cubits and had large spaces within of 30 cubits and had on each side rooms and those both in had on each side rooms and those both in had on each side rooms and those both in breadth and in length built like towers breadth and in length built like towers breadth and in length built like towers and their height was above 40 cubits two and their height was above 40 cubits two and their height was above 40 cubits two pillars did also supports these rooms pillars did also supports these rooms pillars did also supports these rooms and were in circumference twelve cubits and were in circumference twelve cubits and were in circumference twelve cubits now the magnitudes of the other gates now the magnitudes of the other gates now the magnitudes of the other gates were equal one to another but that over were equal one to another but that over were equal one to another but that over the Corinthian gate which opened on the the Corinthian gate which opened on the the Corinthian gate which opened on the east over against the gate of the holy east over against the gate of the holy east over against the gate of the holy house itself was much larger for its house itself was much larger for its house itself was much larger for its height was fifty cubits and its doors height was fifty cubits and its doors height was fifty cubits and its doors were 40 cubits and it was adorned after were 40 cubits and it was adorned after were 40 cubits and it was adorned after a most costly manner as having much a most costly manner as having much a most costly manner as having much richer and thicker plates of silver and richer and thicker plates of silver and richer and thicker plates of silver and gold upon them than the other these nine gold upon them than the other these nine gold upon them than the other these nine gates had that silver and gold poured gates had that silver and gold poured gates had that silver and gold poured upon them by Alexander the father of upon them by Alexander the father of upon them by Alexander the father of Tiberias now there were fifteen steps Tiberias now there were fifteen steps Tiberias now there were fifteen steps which led away from the wall of the which led away from the wall of the which led away from the wall of the court of the women to this greater gate court of the women to this greater gate court of the women to this greater gate whereas those that led thither from the whereas those that led thither from the whereas those that led thither from the other gates were five steps shorter for other gates were five steps shorter for other gates were five steps shorter for as to the holy house itself which was as to the holy house itself which was as to the holy house itself which was placed in the midst of the inmost court placed in the midst of the inmost court placed in the midst of the inmost court that most sacred part of the temple it that most sacred part of the temple it that most sacred part of the temple it was ascended to by twelve steps and in was ascended to by twelve steps and in was ascended to by twelve steps and in front its height and its breadth were

front its height and its breadth were front its height and its breadth were equal and each a hundred cubits though equal and each a hundred cubits though equal and each a hundred cubits though it was behind 40 cubits narrower for on it was behind 40 cubits narrower for on it was behind 40 cubits narrower for on its front it had what may be styled its front it had what may be styled its front it had what may be styled shoulders on each side that passed 20 shoulders on each side that passed 20 shoulders on each side that passed 20 cubits further its first gate was cubits further its first gate was cubits further its first gate was seventy cubits high and 25 cubits broad seventy cubits high and 25 cubits broad seventy cubits high and 25 cubits broad but this state had no doors for it but this state had no doors for it but this state had no doors for it represented the universal visibility of represented the universal visibility of represented the universal visibility of heaven and that it cannot be excluded heaven and that it cannot be excluded heaven and that it cannot be excluded from any place its front was covered from any place its front was covered from any place its front was covered with gold all over and through it the with gold all over and through it the with gold all over and through it the first part of the house first part of the house first part of the house that was more inward did all of it that was more inward did all of it that was more inward did all of it appear which as was very large so did appear which as was very large so did appear which as was very large so did all the parts about the more inward gate all the parts about the more inward gate all the parts about the more inward gate appeared to shine to those that saw them appeared to shine to those that saw them appeared to shine to those that saw them but then as the entire house was divided but then as the entire house was divided but then as the entire house was divided into two parts within it was only the into two parts within it was only the into two parts within it was only the first part of it that was open to our first part of it that was open to our first part of it that was open to our view its height extended all along to 90 view its height extended all along to 90 view its height extended all along to 90 cubits in height and its length was 50 cubits in height and its length was 50 cubits in height and its length was 50 cubits and spread 20 but that gate which cubits and spread 20 but that gate which cubits and spread 20 but that gate which was at this end of the first part of the was at this end of the first part of the was at this end of the first part of the house was as we have already observed house was as we have already observed house was as we have already observed all over covered with gold as was its all over covered with gold as was its all over covered with gold as was its whole wall about it it had also golden whole wall about it it had also golden whole wall about it it had also golden vines above it from which clusters of vines above it from which clusters of vines above it from which clusters of grapes hung as tall as a man's height grapes hung as tall as a man's height grapes hung as tall as a man's height but then this house as it was divided but then this house as it was divided but then this house as it was divided into two parts the inner part was lower into two parts the inner part was lower into two parts the inner part was lower than the appearance of the outer and had than the appearance of the outer and had than the appearance of the outer and had golden doors of 55 cubits altitude and

golden doors of 55 cubits altitude and golden doors of 55 cubits altitude and 16 in breadth but before these doors 16 in breadth but before these doors 16 in breadth but before these doors there was a veil of equal largeness there was a veil of equal largeness there was a veil of equal largeness within the doors within the doors within the doors it was a babylonian curtain embroidered it was a babylonian curtain embroidered it was a babylonian curtain embroidered with blue and fine linen and scarlet and with blue and fine linen and scarlet and with blue and fine linen and scarlet and purple and of a contexture that was purple and of a contexture that was purple and of a contexture that was truly wonderful nor was this mixture of truly wonderful nor was this mixture of truly wonderful nor was this mixture of colors without its mystical colors without its mystical colors without its mystical interpretation but was a kind of image interpretation but was a kind of image interpretation but was a kind of image of the universe for by the scarlet there of the universe for by the scarlet there of the universe for by the scarlet there seemed to be enigmatically signified seemed to be enigmatically signified seemed to be enigmatically signified fire by the fine flax the earth by the fire by the fine flax the earth by the fire by the fine flax the earth by the blue the air and by the purple the sea blue the air and by the purple the sea blue the air and by the purple the sea two of them having the colors the two of them having the colors the two of them having the colors the foundation of this resemblance but the foundation of this resemblance but the foundation of this resemblance but the fine flax and the purple have their own fine flax and the purple have their own fine flax and the purple have their own origin for that foundation the earth origin for that foundation the earth origin for that foundation the earth producing the one and the sea the other producing the one and the sea the other producing the one and the sea the other this curtain had also embroidered upon this curtain had also embroidered upon this curtain had also embroidered upon it all that was mystical in the heavens it all that was mystical in the heavens it all that was mystical in the heavens accepting that of the twelve signs accepting that of the twelve signs accepting that of the twelve signs representing living creatures five when representing living creatures five when representing living creatures five when any persons entered into the temple its any persons entered into the temple its any persons entered into the temple its floor received to them this part of the floor received to them this part of the floor received to them this part of the temple therefore was in height sixty temple therefore was in height sixty temple therefore was in height sixty cubits and its length the same cubits and its length the same cubits and its length the same whereas its breath was but twenty cubits whereas its breath was but twenty cubits whereas its breath was but twenty cubits but still that sixty cubits in length but still that sixty cubits in length but still that sixty cubits in length was divided again and the first part of was divided again and the first part of was divided again and the first part of it was cut off at 40 cubits and had in it was cut off at 40 cubits and had in it was cut off at 40 cubits and had in it three things that were very wonderful it three things that were very wonderful it three things that were very wonderful and famous among all mankind the

and famous among all mankind the and famous among all mankind the candlestick the table of showbread candlestick the table of showbread candlestick the table of showbread and the altar of incense now the seven and the altar of incense now the seven and the altar of incense now the seven lamps signified the seven planets for so lamps signified the seven planets for so lamps signified the seven planets for so many there were springing out of the many there were springing out of the many there were springing out of the candlestick candlestick candlestick now the twelve loaves that were upon the now the twelve loaves that were upon the now the twelve loaves that were upon the table signified the circle of the zodiac table signified the circle of the zodiac table signified the circle of the zodiac and the year but the altar of incense by and the year but the altar of incense by and the year but the altar of incense by its thirteen kinds of sweet-smelling its thirteen kinds of sweet-smelling its thirteen kinds of sweet-smelling spices with which the sea replenished it spices with which the sea replenished it spices with which the sea replenished it signified that God is the possessor of signified that God is the possessor of signified that God is the possessor of all things that are both in the all things that are both in the all things that are both in the uninhabitable and habitable parts of the uninhabitable and habitable parts of the uninhabitable and habitable parts of the earth and that they are all to be earth and that they are all to be earth and that they are all to be dedicated to his use but the inmost part dedicated to his use but the inmost part dedicated to his use but the inmost part of the temple of all was of twenty of the temple of all was of twenty of the temple of all was of twenty cubits cubits cubits this was also separated from the outer this was also separated from the outer this was also separated from the outer part by a veil in this there was nothing part by a veil in this there was nothing part by a veil in this there was nothing at all it was inaccessible and at all it was inaccessible and at all it was inaccessible and inviolable and not to be seen by any and inviolable and not to be seen by any and inviolable and not to be seen by any and was called the holy of holies now about was called the holy of holies now about was called the holy of holies now about the sides of the lower part of the the sides of the lower part of the the sides of the lower part of the temple there were little houses with temple there were little houses with temple there were little houses with passages out of one into another there passages out of one into another there passages out of one into another there were a great many of them and they were were a great many of them and they were were a great many of them and they were of three storeys high of three storeys high of three storeys high there were also entrances on each side there were also entrances on each side there were also entrances on each side into them from the gate of the temple into them from the gate of the temple into them from the gate of the temple but the superior part of the temple had but the superior part of the temple had but the superior part of the temple had no such little houses any further no such little houses any further no such little houses any further because the temple was there narrower because the temple was there narrower because the temple was there narrower and 40 cubits higher and of a smaller and 40 cubits higher and of a smaller and 40 cubits higher and of a smaller body than the lower parts of it thus we body than the lower parts of it thus we body than the lower parts of it thus we collect that the whole height including

collect that the whole height including collect that the whole height including the sixty cubits from the floor amounted the sixty cubits from the floor amounted the sixty cubits from the floor amounted to eight hundred cubits six now the to eight hundred cubits six now the to eight hundred cubits six now the outward face of the temple in its front outward face of the temple in its front outward face of the temple in its front wanted nothing that was likely to wanted nothing that was likely to wanted nothing that was likely to surprise either men's minds or their surprise either men's minds or their surprise either men's minds or their eyes for it was covered all over with eyes for it was covered all over with eyes for it was covered all over with plates of gold of great weight and at plates of gold of great weight and at plates of gold of great weight and at the first rising of the Sun the first rising of the Sun the first rising of the Sun reflected back a very fiery splendor and reflected back a very fiery splendor and reflected back a very fiery splendor and made those who forced themselves to look made those who forced themselves to look made those who forced themselves to look upon it to turn their eyes away just as upon it to turn their eyes away just as upon it to turn their eyes away just as they would have done at the sun's own they would have done at the sun's own they would have done at the sun's own rays but this temple appeared to rays but this temple appeared to rays but this temple appeared to strangers when they were coming to it at strangers when they were coming to it at strangers when they were coming to it at a distance like a mountain covered with a distance like a mountain covered with a distance like a mountain covered with snow for as to those parts of it that snow for as to those parts of it that snow for as to those parts of it that were not guilt they were exceeding light were not guilt they were exceeding light were not guilt they were exceeding light on its top it had spikes with sharp on its top it had spikes with sharp on its top it had spikes with sharp points to prevent any pollution of it by points to prevent any pollution of it by points to prevent any pollution of it by birds sitting upon it of its stones some birds sitting upon it of its stones some birds sitting upon it of its stones some of them were 45 cubits in length five at of them were 45 cubits in length five at of them were 45 cubits in length five at height and six in breadth before this height and six in breadth before this height and six in breadth before this temple stood the altar 15 cubits high temple stood the altar 15 cubits high temple stood the altar 15 cubits high and equal both in length and breadth and equal both in length and breadth and equal both in length and breadth each of which dimensions was 50 cubits each of which dimensions was 50 cubits each of which dimensions was 50 cubits the figure it was built in was a square the figure it was built in was a square the figure it was built in was a square and it had corners like horns and the and it had corners like horns and the and it had corners like horns and the passage up to it was by an insensible passage up to it was by an insensible passage up to it was by an insensible acclivity it was formed without any iron acclivity it was formed without any iron acclivity it was formed without any iron tool nor did any such iron tool tool nor did any such iron tool tool nor did any such iron tool scientists touch it at any time there

scientists touch it at any time there scientists touch it at any time there was also a wall of partition about a was also a wall of partition about a was also a wall of partition about a cubit and height made of vine stones and cubit and height made of vine stones and cubit and height made of vine stones and so as to be grateful to the site this so as to be grateful to the site this so as to be grateful to the site this encompassed the holy house and the altar encompassed the holy house and the altar encompassed the holy house and the altar and kept the people that were on the and kept the people that were on the and kept the people that were on the outside off from the priests moreover outside off from the priests moreover outside off from the priests moreover those that had the gonorrhea and the those that had the gonorrhea and the those that had the gonorrhea and the leprosy were excluded out of the city leprosy were excluded out of the city leprosy were excluded out of the city entirely women also when their courses entirely women also when their courses entirely women also when their courses were upon them were shut out of the were upon them were shut out of the were upon them were shut out of the temple nor when they were free from that temple nor when they were free from that temple nor when they were free from that impurity were they allowed to go beyond impurity were they allowed to go beyond impurity were they allowed to go beyond the limits before mentioned men also the limits before mentioned men also the limits before mentioned men also that were not thoroughly pure were that were not thoroughly pure were that were not thoroughly pure were prohibited to come into the inner Court prohibited to come into the inner Court prohibited to come into the inner Court of the temple nay the priests themselves of the temple nay the priests themselves of the temple nay the priests themselves that were not pure were prohibited to that were not pure were prohibited to that were not pure were prohibited to come into it also seven now all those of come into it also seven now all those of come into it also seven now all those of the stock of the priests that could not the stock of the priests that could not the stock of the priests that could not minister by reason of some defect in minister by reason of some defect in minister by reason of some defect in their bodies came within the partition their bodies came within the partition their bodies came within the partition together with those that had no such a together with those that had no such a together with those that had no such a perfection and had their share with them perfection and had their share with them perfection and had their share with them by reason of their stock by reason of their stock by reason of their stock but still made use of none except their but still made use of none except their but still made use of none except their own private garments for nobody but he own private garments for nobody but he own private garments for nobody but he that officiated had on his sacred that officiated had on his sacred that officiated had on his sacred garments but then those priests that garments but then those priests that garments but then those priests that were without any blemish upon them went were without any blemish upon them went were without any blemish upon them went up to the altar clothed in fine linen up to the altar clothed in fine linen up to the altar clothed in fine linen they abstained chiefly from wine out of they abstained chiefly from wine out of they abstained chiefly from wine out of this fear lest otherwise they should this fear lest otherwise they should this fear lest otherwise they should transgress some rules of their transgress some rules of their transgress some rules of their administration the high priest did also

administration the high priest did also administration the high priest did also go up with them not always indeed but on go up with them not always indeed but on go up with them not always indeed but on the seventh days and new moons and if the seventh days and new moons and if the seventh days and new moons and if any festivals belonging to our nation any festivals belonging to our nation any festivals belonging to our nation which we celebrate every year happened which we celebrate every year happened which we celebrate every year happened when he officiated he had on a pair of when he officiated he had on a pair of when he officiated he had on a pair of breeches that reached beneath his breeches that reached beneath his breeches that reached beneath his private parts to his thighs and had on private parts to his thighs and had on private parts to his thighs and had on an inner garment of linen together with an inner garment of linen together with an inner garment of linen together with a blue garment round without a seam with a blue garment round without a seam with a blue garment round without a seam with French work and reaching to the feet French work and reaching to the feet French work and reaching to the feet there were also golden bells that hung there were also golden bells that hung there were also golden bells that hung upon the fringes and pomegranates upon the fringes and pomegranates upon the fringes and pomegranates intermixed among them the bells intermixed among them the bells intermixed among them the bells signified thunder and the pomegranates signified thunder and the pomegranates signified thunder and the pomegranates lightning but that girl that tied the lightning but that girl that tied the lightning but that girl that tied the garment to the breast was embroidered garment to the breast was embroidered garment to the breast was embroidered with five rows of various colors of gold with five rows of various colors of gold with five rows of various colors of gold and purple and scarlet as also a fine and purple and scarlet as also a fine and purple and scarlet as also a fine linen and blue with which colors we told linen and blue with which colors we told linen and blue with which colors we told you before the veils of the temple were you before the veils of the temple were you before the veils of the temple were embroidered also the like embroidery was embroidered also the like embroidery was embroidered also the like embroidery was upon the ephod but the quantity of gold upon the ephod but the quantity of gold upon the ephod but the quantity of gold therein was greater its figure was that therein was greater its figure was that therein was greater its figure was that of a stomacher for the breasts of a stomacher for the breasts of a stomacher for the breasts there were upon it two golden buttons there were upon it two golden buttons there were upon it two golden buttons like small shields which buttoned the like small shields which buttoned the like small shields which buttoned the ephod to the garment in these buttons ephod to the garment in these buttons ephod to the garment in these buttons were enclosed to very large and very were enclosed to very large and very were enclosed to very large and very excellent sardonyx 'as having the names excellent sardonyx 'as having the names excellent sardonyx 'as having the names of the tribes of that nation engraved of the tribes of that nation engraved of the tribes of that nation engraved upon them on the other parts were hung upon them on the other parts were hung upon them on the other parts were hung twelve stones three in a row one way and twelve stones three in a row one way and twelve stones three in a row one way and four in the other a sardius a topaz and

four in the other a sardius a topaz and four in the other a sardius a topaz and an emerald a carbuncle a jasper and a an emerald a carbuncle a jasper and a an emerald a carbuncle a jasper and a sapphire an agate and amethyst and a sapphire an agate and amethyst and a sapphire an agate and amethyst and a leaguer and onyx a Beryl and a leaguer and onyx a Beryl and a leaguer and onyx a Beryl and a chrysolite chrysolite chrysolite upon every one of which was again upon every one of which was again upon every one of which was again engraved one of the four mentioned names engraved one of the four mentioned names engraved one of the four mentioned names of the tribes a mitre also of fine linen of the tribes a mitre also of fine linen of the tribes a mitre also of fine linen encompassed his head which was tied by a encompassed his head which was tied by a encompassed his head which was tied by a blue ribbon about which there was blue ribbon about which there was blue ribbon about which there was another golden crown in which was another golden crown in which was another golden crown in which was engrave in the sacred name of God engrave in the sacred name of God engrave in the sacred name of God it consists of four vowels however the it consists of four vowels however the it consists of four vowels however the high priest did not wear these garments high priest did not wear these garments high priest did not wear these garments at other times but a more plain habit he at other times but a more plain habit he at other times but a more plain habit he only did it when he went into the most only did it when he went into the most only did it when he went into the most sacred part of the temple which he did sacred part of the temple which he did sacred part of the temple which he did but once in a year on that day when our but once in a year on that day when our but once in a year on that day when our custom is for all of us to keep a fast custom is for all of us to keep a fast custom is for all of us to keep a fast to God and thus much concerning the city to God and thus much concerning the city to God and thus much concerning the city and the temple but for the customs and and the temple but for the customs and and the temple but for the customs and laws here - relating we shall speak more laws here - relating we shall speak more laws here - relating we shall speak more accurately another time for there remain accurately another time for there remain accurately another time for there remain a great many things there - relating a great many things there - relating a great many things there - relating which have not been here touched upon which have not been here touched upon which have not been here touched upon eight now as to the Tower of Antonia it eight now as to the Tower of Antonia it eight now as to the Tower of Antonia it was situated at the corner of two was situated at the corner of two was situated at the corner of two cloisters of the Court of the temple of cloisters of the Court of the temple of cloisters of the Court of the temple of that on the west and that on the north that on the west and that on the north that on the west and that on the north it was erected upon a rock of fifty it was erected upon a rock of fifty it was erected upon a rock of fifty cubits in height and was on a great cubits in height and was on a great cubits in height and was on a great precipice it was the work of King Herod precipice it was the work of King Herod precipice it was the work of King Herod wherein he demonstrated his natural

wherein he demonstrated his natural wherein he demonstrated his natural magnanimity in the first place the rock magnanimity in the first place the rock magnanimity in the first place the rock itself was covered over with smooth itself was covered over with smooth itself was covered over with smooth pieces of stone from its foundation both pieces of stone from its foundation both pieces of stone from its foundation both for ornament and that anyone who would for ornament and that anyone who would for ornament and that anyone who would either try to get up or to go down to it either try to get up or to go down to it either try to get up or to go down to it might not be able to hold his feet upon might not be able to hold his feet upon might not be able to hold his feet upon it next to this and before you come to it next to this and before you come to it next to this and before you come to the edifice of the tower itself there the edifice of the tower itself there the edifice of the tower itself there was a wall three cubits high was a wall three cubits high was a wall three cubits high but within that wall all the space of but within that wall all the space of but within that wall all the space of the Tower of Antonia itself was built the Tower of Antonia itself was built the Tower of Antonia itself was built upon to the height of 40 cubits the upon to the height of 40 cubits the upon to the height of 40 cubits the inward parts had the largeness and form inward parts had the largeness and form inward parts had the largeness and form of a palace it being parted into all of a palace it being parted into all of a palace it being parted into all kinds of rooms and other conveniences kinds of rooms and other conveniences kinds of rooms and other conveniences such as courts and places for bathing such as courts and places for bathing such as courts and places for bathing and broad spaces for camps in so much and broad spaces for camps in so much and broad spaces for camps in so much that by having all conveniences that that by having all conveniences that that by having all conveniences that cities wanted it might seem to be cities wanted it might seem to be cities wanted it might seem to be composed composed composed several cities but by its magnificence several cities but by its magnificence several cities but by its magnificence it seemed a palace and as the entire it seemed a palace and as the entire it seemed a palace and as the entire structure resembled that of a tower it structure resembled that of a tower it structure resembled that of a tower it contained also four other distinct contained also four other distinct contained also four other distinct towers and it's four corners where of towers and it's four corners where of towers and it's four corners where of the others were about 50 cubits high the others were about 50 cubits high the others were about 50 cubits high whereas that which lay upon the whereas that which lay upon the whereas that which lay upon the southeast corner was seventy cubits high southeast corner was seventy cubits high southeast corner was seventy cubits high that from thence the whole temple might that from thence the whole temple might that from thence the whole temple might be viewed but on the corner where it be viewed but on the corner where it be viewed but on the corner where it joined to the two cloisters of the joined to the two cloisters of the joined to the two cloisters of the temple it had passages down to them both temple it had passages down to them both temple it had passages down to them both through which the guard for there always through which the guard for there always through which the guard for there always lay in this tower a Roman legion went lay in this tower a Roman legion went lay in this tower a Roman legion went several ways among the cloisters with

several ways among the cloisters with several ways among the cloisters with their arms on the Jewish festivals in their arms on the Jewish festivals in their arms on the Jewish festivals in order to watch the people that they order to watch the people that they order to watch the people that they might not their attempt to make any might not their attempt to make any might not their attempt to make any innovations for the temple was a innovations for the temple was a innovations for the temple was a fortress that guarded the city and was fortress that guarded the city and was fortress that guarded the city and was the Tower of Antonia a guard to the the Tower of Antonia a guard to the the Tower of Antonia a guard to the temple and in that Tower were the guards temple and in that Tower were the guards temple and in that Tower were the guards of those three footnote these three of those three footnote these three of those three footnote these three guards that lay in the Tower of Antonio guards that lay in the Tower of Antonio guards that lay in the Tower of Antonio must be those that guarded the city the must be those that guarded the city the must be those that guarded the city the temple and the Tower of Antonia and temple and the Tower of Antonia and temple and the Tower of Antonia and footnote there was also a peculiar footnote there was also a peculiar footnote there was also a peculiar fortress belonging to the upper City fortress belonging to the upper City fortress belonging to the upper City which was Herod's palace but for the which was Herod's palace but for the which was Herod's palace but for the hill bisetta it was divided from the hill bisetta it was divided from the hill bisetta it was divided from the tower Antonia as we have already told tower Antonia as we have already told tower Antonia as we have already told you and as that hill on which the Tower you and as that hill on which the Tower you and as that hill on which the Tower of Antonius stood was the highest of of Antonius stood was the highest of of Antonius stood was the highest of these three so did it a join to the new these three so did it a join to the new these three so did it a join to the new city and was the only place that city and was the only place that city and was the only place that hindered the sight of the temple on the hindered the sight of the temple on the hindered the sight of the temple on the north and this shall suffice at present north and this shall suffice at present north and this shall suffice at present to have spoken about the city and the to have spoken about the city and the to have spoken about the city and the walls about it because I have proposed walls about it because I have proposed walls about it because I have proposed to myself to make a more accurate to myself to make a more accurate to myself to make a more accurate description of it elsewhere description of it elsewhere description of it elsewhere end of book 5 chapter 5 book 5 chapter 6 of the Wars of the Jews book 5 chapter 6 of the Wars of the Jews this is a librivox recording all this is a librivox recording all this is a librivox recording all librivox recordings are in the public librivox recordings are in the public librivox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to domain for more information or to domain for more information or to volunteer please visit librivox.org

volunteer please visit librivox.org volunteer please visit librivox.org recording by morgan scorpion the Wars of recording by morgan scorpion the Wars of recording by morgan scorpion the Wars of the Jews by Josephus translated by the Jews by Josephus translated by the Jews by Josephus translated by William Weston chapter 6 William Weston chapter 6 William Weston chapter 6 concerning the tyrants Simon and John concerning the tyrants Simon and John concerning the tyrants Simon and John Howe also as Titus was going around the Howe also as Titus was going around the Howe also as Titus was going around the wall of this city Nicanor was wounded by wall of this city Nicanor was wounded by wall of this city Nicanor was wounded by a dart which accidentally provoked Titus a dart which accidentally provoked Titus a dart which accidentally provoked Titus to press on the siege one now the to press on the siege one now the to press on the siege one now the warlike men that were in the city and warlike men that were in the city and warlike men that were in the city and the multitude of the seditious that were the multitude of the seditious that were the multitude of the seditious that were with Simon were ten thousand besides the with Simon were ten thousand besides the with Simon were ten thousand besides the ida means those ten thousand had fifty ida means those ten thousand had fifty ida means those ten thousand had fifty commanders over whom this Simon was commanders over whom this Simon was commanders over whom this Simon was supreme the I domains that paid him supreme the I domains that paid him supreme the I domains that paid him homage were five thousand and had eight homage were five thousand and had eight homage were five thousand and had eight commanders among whom those of greatest commanders among whom those of greatest commanders among whom those of greatest Fame were Jacob the son of sources and Fame were Jacob the son of sources and Fame were Jacob the son of sources and Simon the son of Carthoris yatra who had Simon the son of Carthoris yatra who had Simon the son of Carthoris yatra who had seized upon the temple at six thousand seized upon the temple at six thousand seized upon the temple at six thousand armed men under twenty commanders the armed men under twenty commanders the armed men under twenty commanders the zealots also that had come over to him zealots also that had come over to him zealots also that had come over to him and left off their opposition were 2,400 and left off their opposition were 2,400 and left off their opposition were 2,400 and had the same commander that they had and had the same commander that they had and had the same commander that they had formerly Eleazar together with Simon the formerly Eleazar together with Simon the formerly Eleazar together with Simon the son of arenas now while these factions son of arenas now while these factions son of arenas now while these factions fought one against another the people fought one against another the people fought one against another the people were their prey on both sides as we have were their prey on both sides as we have were their prey on both sides as we have said already and that part of the people said already and that part of the people said already and that part of the people who would not join them in their wicked who would not join them in their wicked who would not join them in their wicked practices were plundered by both practices were plundered by both practices were plundered by both factions Simon held the upper City and factions Simon held the upper City and factions Simon held the upper City and the Great Wall as far as Caitlin and as the Great Wall as far as Caitlin and as the Great Wall as far as Caitlin and as much of the old wall as bent from Salome

much of the old wall as bent from Salome much of the old wall as bent from Salome to the east and which went down to the to the east and which went down to the to the east and which went down to the palace of Mona buzzers who was king of palace of Mona buzzers who was king of palace of Mona buzzers who was king of the Adyar Beni beyond Euphrates he also the Adyar Beni beyond Euphrates he also the Adyar Beni beyond Euphrates he also held that fountain and the aqua which held that fountain and the aqua which held that fountain and the aqua which was no other than the lowest City he was no other than the lowest City he was no other than the lowest City he also held all that reached to the palace also held all that reached to the palace also held all that reached to the palace of Queen Helena the mother of Mona of Queen Helena the mother of Mona of Queen Helena the mother of Mona buzzers but John held the temple and the buzzers but John held the temple and the buzzers but John held the temple and the parts of their two adjoining for a great parts of their two adjoining for a great parts of their two adjoining for a great way way way also off Fleur and the valley called the also off Fleur and the valley called the also off Fleur and the valley called the valley of cedron and when the parts that valley of cedron and when the parts that valley of cedron and when the parts that were interposed between their were interposed between their were interposed between their possessions were burnt by them they left possessions were burnt by them they left possessions were burnt by them they left a space wherein they might fight with a space wherein they might fight with a space wherein they might fight with each other for this internal sedition each other for this internal sedition each other for this internal sedition did not cease even when the Romans were did not cease even when the Romans were did not cease even when the Romans were encamped near their very wall but encamped near their very wall but encamped near their very wall but although they had grown wiser at the although they had grown wiser at the although they had grown wiser at the first onset the Romans made upon them first onset the Romans made upon them first onset the Romans made upon them this lasted but a while for they this lasted but a while for they this lasted but a while for they returned to their former madness and returned to their former madness and returned to their former madness and separated one from another and fought it separated one from another and fought it separated one from another and fought it out and did everything that the out and did everything that the out and did everything that the procedures could desire them to do for procedures could desire them to do for procedures could desire them to do for they never suffered anything that was they never suffered anything that was they never suffered anything that was worse from the Romans than they made worse from the Romans than they made worse from the Romans than they made each other suffer nor was there any each other suffer nor was there any each other suffer nor was there any misery endured by the city after these misery endured by the city after these misery endured by the city after these men's actions that could be esteemed new men's actions that could be esteemed new men's actions that could be esteemed new but it was most of all unhappy before it but it was most of all unhappy before it but it was most of all unhappy before it was overthrown while those that took it was overthrown while those that took it was overthrown while those that took it did a greater kindness for eventi to did a greater kindness for eventi to did a greater kindness for eventi to affirm that the sedition destroyed the affirm that the sedition destroyed the affirm that the sedition destroyed the city and the Romans destroyed this city and the Romans destroyed this city and the Romans destroyed this edition which it was a much harder thing edition which it was a much harder thing edition which it was a much harder thing to do than to destroy the walls so that to do than to destroy the walls so that to do than to destroy the walls so that we may justly ascribe our misfortunes to we may justly ascribe our misfortunes to we may justly ascribe our misfortunes to our own people and the just vengeance our own people and the just vengeance our own people and the just vengeance taken on them to the Romans as to which

taken on them to the Romans as to which taken on them to the Romans as to which matter let everyone determine by the matter let everyone determine by the matter let everyone determine by the actions on both sides - now when affairs actions on both sides - now when affairs actions on both sides - now when affairs within the city were in this posture within the city were in this posture within the city were in this posture Titus went round the city on the outside Titus went round the city on the outside Titus went round the city on the outside with some chosen horsemen and looked with some chosen horsemen and looked with some chosen horsemen and looked about for a proper place where he might about for a proper place where he might about for a proper place where he might make an impression upon the walls but as make an impression upon the walls but as make an impression upon the walls but as he was in doubt where he could possibly he was in doubt where he could possibly he was in doubt where he could possibly make an attack on any side for the place make an attack on any side for the place make an attack on any side for the place was no way accessible where the valleys was no way accessible where the valleys was no way accessible where the valleys were and on the other side the first were and on the other side the first were and on the other side the first wall appeared too strong to be shaken by wall appeared too strong to be shaken by wall appeared too strong to be shaken by the engines he thereupon thought it best the engines he thereupon thought it best the engines he thereupon thought it best to make his assault upon the monument of to make his assault upon the monument of to make his assault upon the monument of John the high priest for there it was John the high priest for there it was John the high priest for there it was that the first porta fication was lower that the first porta fication was lower that the first porta fication was lower and the second was not joined to it the and the second was not joined to it the and the second was not joined to it the builders neglecting to build strong builders neglecting to build strong builders neglecting to build strong where the new city was not much where the new city was not much where the new city was not much inhabited he also was an easy passage to inhabited he also was an easy passage to inhabited he also was an easy passage to the third wall through which he thought the third wall through which he thought the third wall through which he thought to take the upper part of the city and to take the upper part of the city and to take the upper part of the city and through the Tower of Antonia the temple through the Tower of Antonia the temple through the Tower of Antonia the temple itself but at this time as he was going itself but at this time as he was going itself but at this time as he was going round about the city one of his friends round about the city one of his friends round about the city one of his friends whose name was Nicanor was wounded with whose name was Nicanor was wounded with whose name was Nicanor was wounded with a dolt on his left shoulder as he a dolt on his left shoulder as he a dolt on his left shoulder as he approached together with Josephus - near approached together with Josephus - near approached together with Josephus - near the wall the wall the wall attempted to discourse to those that attempted to discourse to those that attempted to discourse to those that will upon the wall about terms of peace will upon the wall about terms of peace will upon the wall about terms of peace for he was a person known by them on for he was a person known by them on for he was a person known by them on this account it was that Caesar as soon this account it was that Caesar as soon this account it was that Caesar as soon as he knew their valence that they would as he knew their valence that they would as he knew their valence that they would not hear even such as approached them to not hear even such as approached them to not hear even such as approached them to persuade them to what tended to their persuade them to what tended to their persuade them to what tended to their own preservation was provoked to press own preservation was provoked to press own preservation was provoked to press on the siege he also at the same time on the siege he also at the same time on the siege he also at the same time gave his soldiers leave to set the gave his soldiers leave to set the gave his soldiers leave to set the suburbs on fire and ordered that they suburbs on fire and ordered that they suburbs on fire and ordered that they should bring timber together and raise

should bring timber together and raise should bring timber together and raise banks against the city and when he had banks against the city and when he had banks against the city and when he had parted his army into three parts in parted his army into three parts in parted his army into three parts in order to set about those works order to set about those works order to set about those works he placed those that shot darts and the he placed those that shot darts and the he placed those that shot darts and the arches in the midst of the banks that arches in the midst of the banks that arches in the midst of the banks that were then raising before whom he placed were then raising before whom he placed were then raising before whom he placed those engines that threw javelins and those engines that threw javelins and those engines that threw javelins and darts and stones that he might prevent darts and stones that he might prevent darts and stones that he might prevent the enemy from sullying out upon their the enemy from sullying out upon their the enemy from sullying out upon their works and might hinder those that were works and might hinder those that were works and might hinder those that were upon the wall from being able to extract upon the wall from being able to extract upon the wall from being able to extract them so the trees were now cut down them so the trees were now cut down them so the trees were now cut down immediately and the suburbs left naked immediately and the suburbs left naked immediately and the suburbs left naked but now while the timber was carrying to but now while the timber was carrying to but now while the timber was carrying to raze the banks and the whole army was raze the banks and the whole army was raze the banks and the whole army was earnestly engaged in their works the earnestly engaged in their works the earnestly engaged in their works the Jews were not however quiet and it Jews were not however quiet and it Jews were not however quiet and it happened that the people of Jerusalem happened that the people of Jerusalem happened that the people of Jerusalem who had hitherto plundered and murdered who had hitherto plundered and murdered who had hitherto plundered and murdered were now of good courage and supposed were now of good courage and supposed were now of good courage and supposed they should have a breathing time while they should have a breathing time while they should have a breathing time while the others were very busy in opposing the others were very busy in opposing the others were very busy in opposing their enemies without the city and that their enemies without the city and that their enemies without the city and that they should now be avenged on those that they should now be avenged on those that they should now be avenged on those that had been the authors of their miseries had been the authors of their miseries had been the authors of their miseries in case the Romans did but get the in case the Romans did but get the in case the Romans did but get the victory three however John stayed behind victory three however John stayed behind victory three however John stayed behind out of his fear of Simon even while his out of his fear of Simon even while his out of his fear of Simon even while his own men were earnest in making a Sallee own men were earnest in making a Sallee own men were earnest in making a Sallee upon their enemies without yet did not upon their enemies without yet did not upon their enemies without yet did not Simon lie still for he lay near the Simon lie still for he lay near the Simon lie still for he lay near the place of the siege he brought his place of the siege he brought his place of the siege he brought his engines of war and disposed of them at engines of war and disposed of them at engines of war and disposed of them at two distances upon the wall both those two distances upon the wall both those two distances upon the wall both those which they took from Hestia's formerly which they took from Hestia's formerly which they took from Hestia's formerly and those which they got when they and those which they got when they and those which they got when they seized the garrison that lay in the seized the garrison that lay in the seized the garrison that lay in the Tower Tower Tower Antonia but though they had these Antonia but though they had these Antonia but though they had these engines in their possession they had so engines in their possession they had so engines in their possession they had so little skill in using them that they

little skill in using them that they little skill in using them that they were in great measure useless to them were in great measure useless to them were in great measure useless to them but a few there were who had been taught but a few there were who had been taught but a few there were who had been taught by deserters how to use them which they by deserters how to use them which they by deserters how to use them which they did use though after an awkward manner did use though after an awkward manner did use though after an awkward manner so they cast stones and hours at those so they cast stones and hours at those so they cast stones and hours at those that were making the banks they also ran that were making the banks they also ran that were making the banks they also ran out out out by companies and fought with them now by companies and fought with them now by companies and fought with them now those that won't work covered themselves those that won't work covered themselves those that won't work covered themselves with hurdles spread over their banks and with hurdles spread over their banks and with hurdles spread over their banks and their engines were opposed to them when their engines were opposed to them when their engines were opposed to them when they made their excursions the engines they made their excursions the engines they made their excursions the engines that all the legions had ready prepared that all the legions had ready prepared that all the legions had ready prepared for them were admirably contrived but for them were admirably contrived but for them were admirably contrived but still more extraordinary once belonged still more extraordinary once belonged still more extraordinary once belonged to the 10th Legion those that threw to the 10th Legion those that threw to the 10th Legion those that threw doubts and those that threw stones were doubts and those that threw stones were doubts and those that threw stones were more forcible and larger than the rest more forcible and larger than the rest more forcible and larger than the rest by which they not only repelled the by which they not only repelled the by which they not only repelled the excursions of the Jews but drove those excursions of the Jews but drove those excursions of the Jews but drove those away that were upon the walls also now away that were upon the walls also now away that were upon the walls also now the stones that were cast off the weight the stones that were cast off the weight the stones that were cast off the weight of a talent and were carried to furlongs of a talent and were carried to furlongs of a talent and were carried to furlongs and further the blow they gave was no and further the blow they gave was no and further the blow they gave was no way to be sustained not only by those way to be sustained not only by those way to be sustained not only by those that stood first in the way but by those that stood first in the way but by those that stood first in the way but by those that were beyond them for a great space that were beyond them for a great space that were beyond them for a great space as for the Jews they at first watched as for the Jews they at first watched as for the Jews they at first watched the coming of the stone though it was of the coming of the stone though it was of the coming of the stone though it was of a white color and could therefore not a white color and could therefore not a white color and could therefore not only be perceived by the great noise it only be perceived by the great noise it only be perceived by the great noise it made but could be seen also before it made but could be seen also before it made but could be seen also before it came by its brightness accordingly the came by its brightness accordingly the came by its brightness accordingly the Watchmen that sat upon the towers gave Watchmen that sat upon the towers gave Watchmen that sat upon the towers gave them notice when the engine was let go them notice when the engine was let go them notice when the engine was let go and the stone came forward and cried and the stone came forward and cried and the stone came forward and cried aloud in their own country language the aloud in their own country language the aloud in their own country language the stone cometh so those that were in its

stone cometh so those that were in its stone cometh so those that were in its way stood off and threw themselves down way stood off and threw themselves down way stood off and threw themselves down upon the ground by which means and by upon the ground by which means and by upon the ground by which means and by their thus guarding themselves the stone their thus guarding themselves the stone their thus guarding themselves the stone fell down and did them no harm fell down and did them no harm fell down and did them no harm footnote what should be the meaning of footnote what should be the meaning of footnote what should be the meaning of this signal or watchword when the this signal or watchword when the this signal or watchword when the watchman saw a stone coming from the watchman saw a stone coming from the watchman saw a stone coming from the engine the stone cometh or what mistake engine the stone cometh or what mistake engine the stone cometh or what mistake there is in the reading I cannot tell there is in the reading I cannot tell there is in the reading I cannot tell the manuscripts both Greek and Latin all the manuscripts both Greek and Latin all the manuscripts both Greek and Latin all agree in this reading and I cannot agree in this reading and I cannot agree in this reading and I cannot approve of any groundless conjectural approve of any groundless conjectural approve of any groundless conjectural alteration of the text from world to lop alteration of the text from world to lop alteration of the text from world to lop that not the stone or a stone but that that not the stone or a stone but that that not the stone or a stone but that the arrow or dart cometh as hath been the arrow or dart cometh as hath been the arrow or dart cometh as hath been made by dr. Hudson and not corrected by made by dr. Hudson and not corrected by made by dr. Hudson and not corrected by have a clamp how did you see firs have a clamp how did you see firs have a clamp how did you see firs written even his first edition of these written even his first edition of these written even his first edition of these books of the war in pure Hebrew or had books of the war in pure Hebrew or had books of the war in pure Hebrew or had the Jews then used the pure Hebrew at the Jews then used the pure Hebrew at the Jews then used the pure Hebrew at Jerusalem the Hebrew word for a son is Jerusalem the Hebrew word for a son is Jerusalem the Hebrew word for a son is so like that for a stone been an Evan so like that for a stone been an Evan so like that for a stone been an Evan that such a correction might have been that such a correction might have been that such a correction might have been more easily admitted more easily admitted more easily admitted Josephus wrote his former addition for Josephus wrote his former addition for Josephus wrote his former addition for the use of the Jews beyond Euphrates and the use of the Jews beyond Euphrates and the use of the Jews beyond Euphrates and so in the child a language as he did so in the child a language as he did so in the child a language as he did this second edition in the Greek this second edition in the Greek this second edition in the Greek language and ba was the child II word language and ba was the child II word language and ba was the child II word for son instead of the Hebrew been and for son instead of the Hebrew been and for son instead of the Hebrew been and was used not only in chhotya etc but in was used not only in chhotya etc but in was used not only in chhotya etc but in Judea also as the New Testament informs Judea also as the New Testament informs Judea also as the New Testament informs us do lets us know that the very Romans us do lets us know that the very Romans us do lets us know that the very Romans at Rome pronounced the name of Simon the at Rome pronounced the name of Simon the at Rome pronounced the name of Simon the son of jor-el poets for barbarous as we son of jor-el poets for barbarous as we son of jor-el poets for barbarous as we learned from ziffel een rel UNS takes

learned from ziffel een rel UNS takes learned from ziffel een rel UNS takes notice that many will hear look for a notice that many will hear look for a notice that many will hear look for a mystery as though the meaning were that mystery as though the meaning were that mystery as though the meaning were that the Son of God came now to take the Son of God came now to take the Son of God came now to take vengeance on the sins of the Jewish vengeance on the sins of the Jewish vengeance on the sins of the Jewish nation which is indeed the truth of the nation which is indeed the truth of the nation which is indeed the truth of the fact but hardly what the Jews could now fact but hardly what the Jews could now fact but hardly what the Jews could now mean unless possibly by way of derision mean unless possibly by way of derision mean unless possibly by way of derision of Christ's threatening so often made of Christ's threatening so often made of Christ's threatening so often made that he would come at the head of the that he would come at the head of the that he would come at the head of the Roman army for their destruction Roman army for their destruction Roman army for their destruction but even this interpretation has what a but even this interpretation has what a but even this interpretation has what a very small degree of probability if I very small degree of probability if I very small degree of probability if I were to make an emendation by mere were to make an emendation by mere were to make an emendation by mere conjecture I would read instead of conjecture I would read instead of conjecture I would read instead of though the likeness be not so great as though the likeness be not so great as though the likeness be not so great as in lo because that is the word used by in lo because that is the word used by in lo because that is the word used by Josephus just before as has already been Josephus just before as has already been Josephus just before as has already been noted on this very occasion while an owl noted on this very occasion while an owl noted on this very occasion while an owl or dart is only a poetical word and or dart is only a poetical word and or dart is only a poetical word and never used by Josephus elsewhere and is never used by Josephus elsewhere and is never used by Josephus elsewhere and is indeed no way suitable for the occasion indeed no way suitable for the occasion indeed no way suitable for the occasion this engine not throwing hours or darts this engine not throwing hours or darts this engine not throwing hours or darts but great stones at this time but great stones at this time but great stones at this time and footnote but the Romans contrived and footnote but the Romans contrived and footnote but the Romans contrived how to prevent that by by blacking the how to prevent that by by blacking the how to prevent that by by blacking the stone who then could aim at them with stone who then could aim at them with stone who then could aim at them with success when the stone was not discerned success when the stone was not discerned success when the stone was not discerned beforehand as it had been till then and beforehand as it had been till then and beforehand as it had been till then and so they destroyed many of them at one so they destroyed many of them at one so they destroyed many of them at one blow yet did not the Jews under all this blow yet did not the Jews under all this blow yet did not the Jews under all this distress permit the Romans to raise distress permit the Romans to raise distress permit the Romans to raise their banks in quiet but they surely their banks in quiet but they surely their banks in quiet but they surely unworldly exerted themselves and unworldly exerted themselves and unworldly exerted themselves and repelled them both by night and by day repelled them both by night and by day repelled them both by night and by day bore and now upon the finishing the bore and now upon the finishing the bore and now upon the finishing the Roman works the workmen measured the Roman works the workmen measured the Roman works the workmen measured the distance there was from the wall and

distance there was from the wall and distance there was from the wall and this by led and a line which they served this by led and a line which they served this by led and a line which they served to it from their banks for they could to it from their banks for they could to it from their banks for they could not measure it any otherwise because the not measure it any otherwise because the not measure it any otherwise because the Jews would shoot Jews would shoot Jews would shoot them if they came to measure it them if they came to measure it them if they came to measure it themselves and when they found that the themselves and when they found that the themselves and when they found that the engines could reach the wall they engines could reach the wall they engines could reach the wall they brought them thither then did Titus set brought them thither then did Titus set brought them thither then did Titus set his engines at proper distances so much his engines at proper distances so much his engines at proper distances so much nearer to the wall that the Jews might nearer to the wall that the Jews might nearer to the wall that the Jews might not be able to repel them and gave not be able to repel them and gave not be able to repel them and gave orders they should go to work and when orders they should go to work and when orders they should go to work and when they're upon a prodigious noise echoed they're upon a prodigious noise echoed they're upon a prodigious noise echoed round about from three places and that round about from three places and that round about from three places and that on the sudden there was a great noise on the sudden there was a great noise on the sudden there was a great noise made by the citizens that were within made by the citizens that were within made by the citizens that were within the city and no less a terror fell upon the city and no less a terror fell upon the city and no less a terror fell upon the seditious themselves were upon both the seditious themselves were upon both the seditious themselves were upon both sorts seeing the common danger they were sorts seeing the common danger they were sorts seeing the common danger they were in contrived to make a like defence so in contrived to make a like defence so in contrived to make a like defence so those of different factions cried out those of different factions cried out those of different factions cried out one to another that they acted entirely one to another that they acted entirely one to another that they acted entirely as in concert with their enemies whereas as in concert with their enemies whereas as in concert with their enemies whereas they ought to ever notwithstanding God they ought to ever notwithstanding God they ought to ever notwithstanding God to not grant them a lasting Concord in to not grant them a lasting Concord in to not grant them a lasting Concord in their present circumstances to lay aside their present circumstances to lay aside their present circumstances to lay aside their enmities one against another and their enmities one against another and their enmities one against another and to unite together against the Romans to unite together against the Romans to unite together against the Romans accordingly Simon gave those that came accordingly Simon gave those that came accordingly Simon gave those that came from the temple leave by Proclamation to from the temple leave by Proclamation to from the temple leave by Proclamation to go upon the wall John also himself go upon the wall John also himself go upon the wall John also himself though he could not believe Simon was in though he could not believe Simon was in though he could not believe Simon was in earnest gave them the same leave so on earnest gave them the same leave so on earnest gave them the same leave so on both sides they laid aside their hatred both sides they laid aside their hatred both sides they laid aside their hatred and their peculiar qualls and their peculiar qualls and their peculiar qualls and formed themselves into one body they and formed themselves into one body they and formed themselves into one body they then land mound the walls and having a then land mound the walls and having a then land mound the walls and having a vast number of torches with them they vast number of torches with them they vast number of torches with them they threw them at the machines and shot threw them at the machines and shot threw them at the machines and shot darts perpetually upon those that

darts perpetually upon those that darts perpetually upon those that impelled those engines which battered impelled those engines which battered impelled those engines which battered the wall nay the bolder sort leaped out the wall nay the bolder sort leaped out the wall nay the bolder sort leaped out by troops upon the hurdles that covered by troops upon the hurdles that covered by troops upon the hurdles that covered the machines and pulled them to pieces the machines and pulled them to pieces the machines and pulled them to pieces and fell upon those that belongs to them and fell upon those that belongs to them and fell upon those that belongs to them and beat them not so much by any skill and beat them not so much by any skill and beat them not so much by any skill they had as principally by the boldness they had as principally by the boldness they had as principally by the boldness of their attacks however Titus himself of their attacks however Titus himself of their attacks however Titus himself still sent assistance to those that were still sent assistance to those that were still sent assistance to those that were the hardest set and placed both horsemen the hardest set and placed both horsemen the hardest set and placed both horsemen and archers on the several sides of the and archers on the several sides of the and archers on the several sides of the engines and thereby beat off those that engines and thereby beat off those that engines and thereby beat off those that fought the fire to them he's also fought the fire to them he's also fought the fire to them he's also thereby repelled those that shot stones thereby repelled those that shot stones thereby repelled those that shot stones or darts from the towers and then set or darts from the towers and then set or darts from the towers and then set the engines to work in good earnest yet the engines to work in good earnest yet the engines to work in good earnest yet did not the wall yield to these blows did not the wall yield to these blows did not the wall yield to these blows excepting where the battering ram of the excepting where the battering ram of the excepting where the battering ram of the fifteenth legion moved the corner of a fifteenth legion moved the corner of a fifteenth legion moved the corner of a tower while the wall itself continued tower while the wall itself continued tower while the wall itself continued unhurt for the wall was not presently in unhurt for the wall was not presently in unhurt for the wall was not presently in the same danger with the tower which was the same danger with the tower which was the same danger with the tower which was excellent excellent excellent of it nor could the fall of that part of of it nor could the fall of that part of of it nor could the fall of that part of the tower easily break down any part of the tower easily break down any part of the tower easily break down any part of the wall itself together with it five the wall itself together with it five the wall itself together with it five and now the Jews intermitted their size and now the Jews intermitted their size and now the Jews intermitted their size for a while but when they observed the for a while but when they observed the for a while but when they observed the Romans disperse all the broad earth Romans disperse all the broad earth Romans disperse all the broad earth their works and in their several camps their works and in their several camps their works and in their several camps for they thought that Jews had retired for they thought that Jews had retired for they thought that Jews had retired out of weariness and fear they all at out of weariness and fear they all at out of weariness and fear they all at once made a Sally at the tower once made a Sally at the tower once made a Sally at the tower hypocrites hypocrites hypocrites through an obscure gate and at the same through an obscure gate and at the same through an obscure gate and at the same time brought fire to burn the works and time brought fire to burn the works and time brought fire to burn the works and went boldly up to the Romans and - went boldly up to the Romans and - went boldly up to the Romans and - they're very fortifications themselves they're very fortifications themselves they're very fortifications themselves we're at the cry they made those that we're at the cry they made those that we're at the cry they made those that were near them came presently to their were near them came presently to their were near them came presently to their assistance and those farther off came

assistance and those farther off came assistance and those farther off came running after them and here the boldness running after them and here the boldness running after them and here the boldness of the Jews was too hard for the good of the Jews was too hard for the good of the Jews was too hard for the good order of the Romans and as they beat order of the Romans and as they beat order of the Romans and as they beat those whom they first fell upon so they those whom they first fell upon so they those whom they first fell upon so they pressed upon those that were now gotten pressed upon those that were now gotten pressed upon those that were now gotten together so this fight about the together so this fight about the together so this fight about the machines was very hot while the one side machines was very hot while the one side machines was very hot while the one side tried hard to set them on fire and the tried hard to set them on fire and the tried hard to set them on fire and the other side to prevent it on both sides other side to prevent it on both sides other side to prevent it on both sides there was a confused cry made and many there was a confused cry made and many there was a confused cry made and many of those in the forefront of the battle of those in the forefront of the battle of those in the forefront of the battle were slain were slain were slain however the Jews were now too hard for however the Jews were now too hard for however the Jews were now too hard for the Romans by the furious assaults they the Romans by the furious assaults they the Romans by the furious assaults they made like madmen and the fire caught made like madmen and the fire caught made like madmen and the fire caught hold of the works and both all those hold of the works and both all those hold of the works and both all those works and the engines themselves had works and the engines themselves had works and the engines themselves had been in danger of being burnt had not been in danger of being burnt had not been in danger of being burnt had not many of these select soldiers that came many of these select soldiers that came many of these select soldiers that came from Alexandria opposed themselves to from Alexandria opposed themselves to from Alexandria opposed themselves to prevent it and had they not behaved prevent it and had they not behaved prevent it and had they not behaved themselves with greater courage than themselves with greater courage than themselves with greater courage than they themselves supposed they could have they themselves supposed they could have they themselves supposed they could have done for they outdid those in this fight done for they outdid those in this fight done for they outdid those in this fight that had greater reputation than that had greater reputation than that had greater reputation than themselves before this was the state of themselves before this was the state of themselves before this was the state of things till Caesar took the stoutest of things till Caesar took the stoutest of things till Caesar took the stoutest of his horsemen and attacked the enemy his horsemen and attacked the enemy his horsemen and attacked the enemy while he himself through 12 of those while he himself through 12 of those while he himself through 12 of those that were in the forefront of the Jews that were in the forefront of the Jews that were in the forefront of the Jews which death of these men when the rest which death of these men when the rest which death of these men when the rest of the multitude saw they gave way and of the multitude saw they gave way and of the multitude saw they gave way and he pursued them and drove them all into he pursued them and drove them all into he pursued them and drove them all into the city and saved the works from the the city and saved the works from the the city and saved the works from the fire now it happened at this fight that fire now it happened at this fight that fire now it happened at this fight that a certain Jew was taken alive who by a certain Jew was taken alive who by a certain Jew was taken alive who by Titus's order was crucified before the Titus's order was crucified before the Titus's order was crucified before the wall to see whether the rest of them wall to see whether the rest of them wall to see whether the rest of them would be a fighted and abate of their would be a fighted and abate of their would be a fighted and abate of their obstinacy but after the Jews were obstinacy but after the Jews were obstinacy but after the Jews were retired John who was the commander of retired John who was the commander of retired John who was the commander of the I domains and was talking to a the I domains and was talking to a the I domains and was talking to a certain soldier of his acquaintance

certain soldier of his acquaintance certain soldier of his acquaintance before the wall was wounded by a dart before the wall was wounded by a dart before the wall was wounded by a dart shot at him by an Arabian and shot at him by an Arabian and shot at him by an Arabian and immediately giving the greatest immediately giving the greatest immediately giving the greatest lamentation to the Jews and so low to lamentation to the Jews and so low to lamentation to the Jews and so low to the seditious for he was a man of great the seditious for he was a man of great the seditious for he was a man of great eminence both for his actions and his eminence both for his actions and his eminence both for his actions and his conduct also end of book 5 chapter 6