Josephus Book 04 - Concerning The Law And The Death Of Moses

the antiquities of the jews volume 1 by the antiquities of the jews volume 1 by flavius josephus flavius josephus flavius josephus translated by william whiston book 4 translated by william whiston book 4 translated by william whiston book 4 chapters 1 and 2. chapters 1 and 2. chapters 1 and 2. book 4 containing the interval of 38 book 4 containing the interval of 38 book 4 containing the interval of 38 years from the rejection of that years from the rejection of that years from the rejection of that generation generation generation to the death of moses chapter 1 the to the death of moses chapter 1 the to the death of moses chapter 1 the fight of the hebrews with the canaanites fight of the hebrews with the canaanites fight of the hebrews with the canaanites without the consent of moses and their without the consent of moses and their without the consent of moses and their defeat now this life of the hebrews in the now this life of the hebrews in the wilderness was so disagreeable and wilderness was so disagreeable and wilderness was so disagreeable and troublesome to them troublesome to them troublesome to them and they were so uneasy at it that and they were so uneasy at it that and they were so uneasy at it that although god had forbidden them to although god had forbidden them to although god had forbidden them to meddle with the canaanites meddle with the canaanites meddle with the canaanites yet could they not be persuaded to be yet could they not be persuaded to be yet could they not be persuaded to be obedient to the words of moses obedient to the words of moses obedient to the words of moses and to be quiet but supposing they and to be quiet but supposing they and to be quiet but supposing they should be able to beat their enemies should be able to beat their enemies should be able to beat their enemies without his approbation they accused him without his approbation they accused him without his approbation they accused him and suspected that he made it his and suspected that he made it his and suspected that he made it his business to keep them in a distressed business to keep them in a distressed business to keep them in a distressed condition condition condition that they might always stand in need of that they might always stand in need of that they might always stand in need of his assistance accordingly they resolved his assistance accordingly they resolved his assistance accordingly they resolved to fight with the canaanites to fight with the canaanites to fight with the canaanites and said that god gave them his and said that god gave them his and said that god gave them his assistance not out of regard to moses assistance not out of regard to moses assistance not out of regard to moses intercessions but because he took care intercessions but because he took care intercessions but because he took care of their entire nation on account of of their entire nation on account of of their entire nation on account of their forefathers their forefathers their forefathers whose affairs he took under his own whose affairs he took under his own whose affairs he took under his own conduct as also conduct as also conduct as also that he was on account of their own that he was on account of their own that he was on account of their own virtues that he had formally procured virtues that he had formally procured virtues that he had formally procured them their liberty them their liberty them their liberty and would be assisting to them now they and would be assisting to them now they and would be assisting to them now they were willing to take pains for it were willing to take pains for it were willing to take pains for it they also said they were possessed of they also said they were possessed of they also said they were possessed of abilities sufficient for the conquest of abilities sufficient for the conquest of abilities sufficient for the conquest of their enemies their enemies their enemies although moses should have a mind to although moses should have a mind to although moses should have a mind to alienate god from them that however alienate god from them that however alienate god from them that however it was for their advantage to be their it was for their advantage to be their it was for their advantage to be their own masters and not so far to rejoice in own masters and not so far to rejoice in own masters and not so far to rejoice in their deliverance from the indignities their deliverance from the indignities their deliverance from the indignities they endured under the egyptians they endured under the egyptians they endured under the egyptians as to bear the tyranny of moses over as to bear the tyranny of moses over as to bear the tyranny of moses over them and to suffer themselves to be them and to suffer themselves to be them and to suffer themselves to be deluded and live according to his

deluded and live according to his deluded and live according to his pleasure pleasure pleasure as though god did only foretell what as though god did only foretell what as though god did only foretell what concerns us out of kindness to him concerns us out of kindness to him concerns us out of kindness to him as if they were not all the posterity of as if they were not all the posterity of as if they were not all the posterity of abraham that god made him alone the abraham that god made him alone the abraham that god made him alone the author of all the knowledge we have author of all the knowledge we have author of all the knowledge we have and we must still learn it from him that and we must still learn it from him that and we must still learn it from him that it would be a piece of prudence to it would be a piece of prudence to it would be a piece of prudence to oppose these arrogant pretenses oppose these arrogant pretenses oppose these arrogant pretenses and to put their confidence in god and and to put their confidence in god and and to put their confidence in god and to resolve to take possession of that to resolve to take possession of that to resolve to take possession of that land which he had promised them land which he had promised them land which he had promised them and not to give ear to him who on this and not to give ear to him who on this and not to give ear to him who on this account and account and account and under the pretense of divine authority under the pretense of divine authority under the pretense of divine authority forbade them to do so forbade them to do so forbade them to do so considering therefore the distressed considering therefore the distressed considering therefore the distressed state they were in at present state they were in at present state they were in at present and that in those desert places they and that in those desert places they and that in those desert places they were still to expect things would be were still to expect things would be were still to expect things would be worse with them worse with them worse with them they resolved to fight with the they resolved to fight with the they resolved to fight with the canaanites as submitting only to god canaanites as submitting only to god canaanites as submitting only to god their supreme commander and not waiting their supreme commander and not waiting their supreme commander and not waiting for any assistance from their legislator for any assistance from their legislator for any assistance from their legislator when therefore they had come to this when therefore they had come to this when therefore they had come to this resolution as being best for them resolution as being best for them resolution as being best for them they went against their enemies but they went against their enemies but they went against their enemies but those enemies were not dismayed those enemies were not dismayed those enemies were not dismayed either at the attack itself or at the either at the attack itself or at the either at the attack itself or at the great multitudes that made it great multitudes that made it great multitudes that made it and received them with great courage and received them with great courage and received them with great courage many of the hebrews were slain and the many of the hebrews were slain and the many of the hebrews were slain and the remainder of the army upon the disorder remainder of the army upon the disorder remainder of the army upon the disorder of their troops of their troops of their troops were pursued and fled after a shameful were pursued and fled after a shameful were pursued and fled after a shameful manner to their camp manner to their camp manner to their camp whereupon this unexpected misfortune whereupon this unexpected misfortune whereupon this unexpected misfortune made them quite despond made them quite despond made them quite despond and they hoped for nothing that was good and they hoped for nothing that was good and they hoped for nothing that was good as gathering from it as gathering from it as gathering from it that this affliction came from the wrath that this affliction came from the wrath that this affliction came from the wrath of god because they vastly went out to of god because they vastly went out to of god because they vastly went out to war without his attribution war without his attribution war without his attribution but when moses saw how deeply they were but when moses saw how deeply they were but when moses saw how deeply they were affected with this defeat affected with this defeat affected with this defeat and being afraid lest the enemies should and being afraid lest the enemies should and being afraid lest the enemies should grow insolent upon this victory

grow insolent upon this victory grow insolent upon this victory and should be desirous of gaining still and should be desirous of gaining still and should be desirous of gaining still greater glory greater glory greater glory and should attack them he resolved that and should attack them he resolved that and should attack them he resolved that it was proper to withdraw the army into it was proper to withdraw the army into it was proper to withdraw the army into the wilderness the wilderness the wilderness to a further distance from the to a further distance from the to a further distance from the canaanites so the multitude gave canaanites so the multitude gave canaanites so the multitude gave themselves up again to his conduct themselves up again to his conduct themselves up again to his conduct for they were sensible that without his for they were sensible that without his for they were sensible that without his care for them their affairs could not be care for them their affairs could not be care for them their affairs could not be in a good condition in a good condition in a good condition and he caused the host to remove and he and he caused the host to remove and he and he caused the host to remove and he went further into the wilderness went further into the wilderness went further into the wilderness as intending there to let them rest and as intending there to let them rest and as intending there to let them rest and not to permit them to fight the not to permit them to fight the not to permit them to fight the canaanites before god should afford them canaanites before god should afford them canaanites before god should afford them a more favorable opportunity chapter 2 the sedition of korra chapter 2 the sedition of korra and of the multitude against moses and and of the multitude against moses and and of the multitude against moses and against his brother against his brother against his brother concerning the priesthood concerning the priesthood concerning the priesthood that which is usually the case of great that which is usually the case of great that which is usually the case of great armies armies armies and especially upon ill success to be and especially upon ill success to be and especially upon ill success to be hard to be pleased hard to be pleased hard to be pleased and governed with difficulty did now and governed with difficulty did now and governed with difficulty did now before the jews before the jews before the jews for they being in number six hundred for they being in number six hundred for they being in number six hundred thousand thousand thousand and by reason of their great multitude and by reason of their great multitude and by reason of their great multitude not readily subject to their governors not readily subject to their governors not readily subject to their governors even in prosperity they at this time even in prosperity they at this time even in prosperity they at this time were more than usually angry both were more than usually angry both were more than usually angry both against one another against one another against one another and against their leader because of the and against their leader because of the and against their leader because of the distress distress distress they were in and the calamities they they were in and the calamities they they were in and the calamities they then endured such a sedition overtook them as we have such a sedition overtook them as we have not seen the like not seen the like not seen the like either among the greeks or the either among the greeks or the either among the greeks or the barbarians by which they were in danger

barbarians by which they were in danger barbarians by which they were in danger of being all destroyed but were not of being all destroyed but were not of being all destroyed but were not withstanding withstanding withstanding saved by moses who would not remember saved by moses who would not remember saved by moses who would not remember that he had been almost stoned to death that he had been almost stoned to death that he had been almost stoned to death by them by them by them nor did god neglect to prevent their nor did god neglect to prevent their nor did god neglect to prevent their ruin ruin ruin but notwithstanding the indignities they but notwithstanding the indignities they but notwithstanding the indignities they had offered their legislator had offered their legislator had offered their legislator and the laws and the disobedience to the and the laws and the disobedience to the and the laws and the disobedience to the commandments which he had sent them by commandments which he had sent them by commandments which he had sent them by moses moses moses he delivered them from those terrible he delivered them from those terrible he delivered them from those terrible calamities calamities calamities which without his providential care had which without his providential care had which without his providential care had been brought upon them by this sedition been brought upon them by this sedition been brought upon them by this sedition so i will first explain the cause once so i will first explain the cause once so i will first explain the cause once this sedition arose this sedition arose this sedition arose and then we'll give an account of the and then we'll give an account of the and then we'll give an account of the sedition itself sedition itself sedition itself as also of what settlements made for as also of what settlements made for as also of what settlements made for their government their government their government after it was over korra a hebrew of principal account both korra a hebrew of principal account both by his family and by his wealth by his family and by his wealth by his family and by his wealth one that was also able to speak well and one that was also able to speak well and one that was also able to speak well and one that could easily persuade the one that could easily persuade the one that could easily persuade the people by his speeches people by his speeches people by his speeches saw that moses was in an exceeding great saw that moses was in an exceeding great saw that moses was in an exceeding great dignity dignity dignity and was at it and envied him on that and was at it and envied him on that and was at it and envied him on that account account account he of the same tribe with moses and of he of the same tribe with moses and of he of the same tribe with moses and of kin to him kin to him kin to him was particularly grieved because he was particularly grieved because he was particularly grieved because he thought he better deserve that honorable thought he better deserve that honorable thought he better deserve that honorable post post post on account of great riches and not on account of great riches and not on account of great riches and not inferior to him in his birth inferior to him in his birth inferior to him in his birth so he raised the clamor against him so he raised the clamor against him so he raised the clamor against him among the levites among the levites among the levites who were of the same tribe and among his who were of the same tribe and among his who were of the same tribe and among his kindred kindred kindred saying that it was a very sad thing that

saying that it was a very sad thing that saying that it was a very sad thing that they should overlook moses they should overlook moses they should overlook moses while he hunted after and paved the way while he hunted after and paved the way while he hunted after and paved the way for glory for himself for glory for himself for glory for himself and by ill arts should obtain it under and by ill arts should obtain it under and by ill arts should obtain it under the pretense of god's command the pretense of god's command the pretense of god's command while contrary to the laws he had given while contrary to the laws he had given while contrary to the laws he had given the priesthood to aaron the priesthood to aaron the priesthood to aaron not by the common suffrage of the not by the common suffrage of the not by the common suffrage of the multitude but by his own vote multitude but by his own vote multitude but by his own vote as bestowing dignities in a tyrannical as bestowing dignities in a tyrannical as bestowing dignities in a tyrannical way on whom he pleased way on whom he pleased way on whom he pleased he added that this concealed way of he added that this concealed way of he added that this concealed way of imposing on them imposing on them imposing on them was harder to be born than if it had was harder to be born than if it had was harder to be born than if it had been done by an open force upon them been done by an open force upon them been done by an open force upon them because he did now not only take away because he did now not only take away because he did now not only take away their power without their consent their power without their consent their power without their consent but even they were unapprised of his but even they were unapprised of his but even they were unapprised of his contrivances against them contrivances against them contrivances against them for whosoever is conscious to himself for whosoever is conscious to himself for whosoever is conscious to himself that he deserves that he deserves that he deserves any dignity aims to get it by persuasion any dignity aims to get it by persuasion any dignity aims to get it by persuasion and not by an arrogant method of and not by an arrogant method of and not by an arrogant method of violence violence violence those that believe it impossible to those that believe it impossible to those that believe it impossible to obtain honors justly obtain honors justly obtain honors justly make a show of goodness and do not make a show of goodness and do not make a show of goodness and do not introduce force introduce force introduce force but by cunning tricks grow wickedly but by cunning tricks grow wickedly but by cunning tricks grow wickedly powerful powerful powerful that it was proper for the multitude to that it was proper for the multitude to that it was proper for the multitude to punish such punish such punish such men even while they think themselves men even while they think themselves men even while they think themselves concealed in their designs concealed in their designs concealed in their designs and not suffer them to gain strength and not suffer them to gain strength and not suffer them to gain strength till they have them for their open till they have them for their open till they have them for their open enemies enemies enemies for what account added he is moses able for what account added he is moses able for what account added he is moses able to give to give to give why he has bestowed the priesthood on why he has bestowed the priesthood on why he has bestowed the priesthood on aaron and his sons aaron and his sons aaron and his sons four if god had determined to bestow the

four if god had determined to bestow the four if god had determined to bestow the honor on one of the tribe of levi honor on one of the tribe of levi honor on one of the tribe of levi i am more worthy of it than he is i am more worthy of it than he is i am more worthy of it than he is i myself being equal to moses by my i myself being equal to moses by my i myself being equal to moses by my family family family and superior to him both in riches and and superior to him both in riches and and superior to him both in riches and in age in age in age but if god had determined to bestow it but if god had determined to bestow it but if god had determined to bestow it on the eldest tribe on the eldest tribe on the eldest tribe that of reuben might have it most justly that of reuben might have it most justly that of reuben might have it most justly and then dathan and abaram and on and then dathan and abaram and on and then dathan and abaram and on the son of peleth would have it for the son of peleth would have it for the son of peleth would have it for these are the oldest men of that tribe these are the oldest men of that tribe these are the oldest men of that tribe and potent on account of their great and potent on account of their great and potent on account of their great wealth also wealth also wealth also now korra when he had said this had a now korra when he had said this had a now korra when he had said this had a mind to appear to take care of the mind to appear to take care of the mind to appear to take care of the public welfare public welfare public welfare but in reality he was endeavouring to but in reality he was endeavouring to but in reality he was endeavouring to procure to have that dignity procure to have that dignity procure to have that dignity transferred by the multitude to himself transferred by the multitude to himself transferred by the multitude to himself thus did he out of a malignant design thus did he out of a malignant design thus did he out of a malignant design but with discourse to those of his own but with discourse to those of his own but with discourse to those of his own tribe tribe tribe when these words did gradually spread to when these words did gradually spread to when these words did gradually spread to more people more people more people and when the here is still added to what and when the here is still added to what and when the here is still added to what tended to the scandals that were cast tended to the scandals that were cast tended to the scandals that were cast upon aaron upon aaron upon aaron the whole army was full of them the whole army was full of them the whole army was full of them now of those that conspired with korra now of those that conspired with korra now of those that conspired with korra there were 250 there were 250 there were 250 and those of the principal men also who and those of the principal men also who and those of the principal men also who were eager to have the priesthood taken were eager to have the priesthood taken were eager to have the priesthood taken away from moses brother away from moses brother away from moses brother and to bring him into disgrace nay and to bring him into disgrace nay and to bring him into disgrace nay the multitude themselves were provoked the multitude themselves were provoked the multitude themselves were provoked to be seditious to be seditious to be seditious and attempted to stone moses and and attempted to stone moses and and attempted to stone moses and gathered themselves gathered themselves gathered themselves together after an indecent manner with together after an indecent manner with together after an indecent manner with confusion and disorder

confusion and disorder confusion and disorder and now all were in a tumultuous manner and now all were in a tumultuous manner and now all were in a tumultuous manner raising a clamor before the tabernacle raising a clamor before the tabernacle raising a clamor before the tabernacle of god of god of god to prosecute the tyrant and to relieve to prosecute the tyrant and to relieve to prosecute the tyrant and to relieve the multitude the multitude the multitude from their slavery under him who and the from their slavery under him who and the from their slavery under him who and the color of the divine color of the divine color of the divine laid violent injunctions upon them for laid violent injunctions upon them for laid violent injunctions upon them for had it been god who chose one had it been god who chose one had it been god who chose one that was to the office of a priest he that was to the office of a priest he that was to the office of a priest he would have raised a person to that would have raised a person to that would have raised a person to that dignity dignity dignity and would not produced such a one as was and would not produced such a one as was and would not produced such a one as was inferior to many others inferior to many others inferior to many others nor have given him that office and that nor have given him that office and that nor have given him that office and that in case he had judged it fit in case he had judged it fit in case he had judged it fit to bestow it on aaron he would have to bestow it on aaron he would have to bestow it on aaron he would have permitted it to the multitude permitted it to the multitude permitted it to the multitude to bestow it and not have left it to be to bestow it and not have left it to be to bestow it and not have left it to be bestowed by his own brother bestowed by his own brother bestowed by his own brother now although moses had for a great while now although moses had for a great while now although moses had for a great while ago foreseen this calumny of korra ago foreseen this calumny of korra ago foreseen this calumny of korra and had seen the people were irritated and had seen the people were irritated and had seen the people were irritated yet was he not afraid yet was he not afraid yet was he not afraid at it but being of good courage because at it but being of good courage because at it but being of good courage because he had given them right advice about he had given them right advice about he had given them right advice about their affairs their affairs their affairs and knowing that his brother had been and knowing that his brother had been and knowing that his brother had been made partaker of the priesthood made partaker of the priesthood made partaker of the priesthood at the command of god and not by his own at the command of god and not by his own at the command of god and not by his own favor to him favor to him favor to him he came to the assembly and as for the he came to the assembly and as for the he came to the assembly and as for the multitude multitude multitude he said not a word to them but spake as he said not a word to them but spake as he said not a word to them but spake as loud to cora as he could loud to cora as he could loud to cora as he could and being very skillful in making and being very skillful in making and being very skillful in making speeches speeches speeches and having this natural talent among and having this natural talent among and having this natural talent among others that he could greatly move the others that he could greatly move the others that he could greatly move the multitude with his discourses multitude with his discourses multitude with his discourses he said o cora both thou and all these he said o cora both thou and all these he said o cora both thou and all these with thee

with thee with thee pointing to the 250 men pointing to the 250 men pointing to the 250 men seem to be worthy of this honor nor do i seem to be worthy of this honor nor do i seem to be worthy of this honor nor do i pretend pretend pretend that this whole company may be worthy of that this whole company may be worthy of that this whole company may be worthy of the light dignity the light dignity the light dignity although they may not be so rich or so although they may not be so rich or so although they may not be so rich or so great as you are great as you are great as you are nor have i taken and given this office nor have i taken and given this office nor have i taken and given this office to my brother because he excelled others to my brother because he excelled others to my brother because he excelled others and riches and riches and riches for thou exceed us as both in the for thou exceed us as both in the for thou exceed us as both in the greatness of thy wealth greatness of thy wealth greatness of thy wealth nor indeed because he was of an imminent nor indeed because he was of an imminent nor indeed because he was of an imminent family family family for god by giving us the same ancestor for god by giving us the same ancestor for god by giving us the same ancestor has made our families equal has made our families equal has made our families equal nay nor was it out of brotherly nay nor was it out of brotherly nay nor was it out of brotherly affection which another affection which another affection which another might yet have justly done for certainly might yet have justly done for certainly might yet have justly done for certainly unless i had bestowed this honor out of unless i had bestowed this honor out of unless i had bestowed this honor out of regard to god and to his laws regard to god and to his laws regard to god and to his laws i had not passed by myself and given it i had not passed by myself and given it i had not passed by myself and given it to another to another to another as being nearer of kin to myself than to as being nearer of kin to myself than to as being nearer of kin to myself than to my brother my brother my brother and having a closer intimacy with myself and having a closer intimacy with myself and having a closer intimacy with myself than i have with him than i have with him than i have with him for surely it would not be a wise thing for surely it would not be a wise thing for surely it would not be a wise thing for me to expose myself to the dangers for me to expose myself to the dangers for me to expose myself to the dangers of offending of offending of offending and to bestow the happy employment on and to bestow the happy employment on and to bestow the happy employment on this account this account this account upon another but i am above such base upon another but i am above such base upon another but i am above such base practices practices practices nor would god have overlooked this nor would god have overlooked this nor would god have overlooked this matter and seen himself thus despised matter and seen himself thus despised matter and seen himself thus despised nor would he have suffered you to be nor would he have suffered you to be nor would he have suffered you to be ignorant of what you were to do in order ignorant of what you were to do in order ignorant of what you were to do in order to please him to please him to please him but he hath chosen one that is to but he hath chosen one that is to but he hath chosen one that is to perform that sacred office to him perform that sacred office to him perform that sacred office to him and thereby create us from that care

and thereby create us from that care and thereby create us from that care so that it was not a thing that i so that it was not a thing that i so that it was not a thing that i pretend to give pretend to give pretend to give but only according to the determination but only according to the determination but only according to the determination of god of god of god i therefore propose it's still to be i therefore propose it's still to be i therefore propose it's still to be contended for contended for contended for by such as pleas to put in for it only by such as pleas to put in for it only by such as pleas to put in for it only desiring that he desiring that he desiring that he who has been already preferred and has who has been already preferred and has who has been already preferred and has already obtained it already obtained it already obtained it may be allowed now also to offer himself may be allowed now also to offer himself may be allowed now also to offer himself for a candidate he prefers your peace for a candidate he prefers your peace for a candidate he prefers your peace and your living without sedition to this and your living without sedition to this and your living without sedition to this honorable employment honorable employment honorable employment although in truth it was with your although in truth it was with your although in truth it was with your attribution that he obtained it attribution that he obtained it attribution that he obtained it for though god with a donor yet do we for though god with a donor yet do we for though god with a donor yet do we not not not offend when we think fit to accept it offend when we think fit to accept it offend when we think fit to accept it with your good will yet would it have with your good will yet would it have with your good will yet would it have been an instance of impiety been an instance of impiety been an instance of impiety not to have taken that honorable not to have taken that honorable not to have taken that honorable employment when he offered it employment when he offered it employment when he offered it nay it had been exceedingly unreasonable nay it had been exceedingly unreasonable nay it had been exceedingly unreasonable when god had thought it fit anyone when god had thought it fit anyone when god had thought it fit anyone should have it for all time to come should have it for all time to come should have it for all time to come and had made it secure and firm to him and had made it secure and firm to him and had made it secure and firm to him to have refused it to have refused it to have refused it however he himself will judge again who however he himself will judge again who however he himself will judge again who it shall be it shall be it shall be whom he would have to offer sacrifices whom he would have to offer sacrifices whom he would have to offer sacrifices to him to him to him and to have the direction of matters of and to have the direction of matters of and to have the direction of matters of religion religion religion for it is absurd that korah who is for it is absurd that korah who is for it is absurd that korah who is ambitious of this honor ambitious of this honor ambitious of this honor should deprive god of the power of should deprive god of the power of should deprive god of the power of giving it to whom he giving it to whom he giving it to whom he pleases put an end therefore to your pleases put an end therefore to your pleases put an end therefore to your sedition sedition sedition and disturbance on this account and and disturbance on this account and and disturbance on this account and tomorrow morning tomorrow morning tomorrow morning do every one of you that desire the

do every one of you that desire the do every one of you that desire the priesthood priesthood priesthood bring a censer from home and come hither bring a censer from home and come hither bring a censer from home and come hither with incense and fire and do thou with incense and fire and do thou with incense and fire and do thou o cora leave the judgment to god o cora leave the judgment to god o cora leave the judgment to god and await to see on which side he will and await to see on which side he will and await to see on which side he will give his determination give his determination give his determination upon this occasion but upon this occasion but upon this occasion but do not thou make thyself greater than do not thou make thyself greater than do not thou make thyself greater than god god god do thou also come that this contest do thou also come that this contest do thou also come that this contest about this honorable employment about this honorable employment about this honorable employment may receive determination i suppose we may receive determination i suppose we may receive determination i suppose we may admit may admit may admit aaron without offence to offer himself aaron without offence to offer himself aaron without offence to offer himself to this scrutiny to this scrutiny to this scrutiny since he is of the same lineage with since he is of the same lineage with since he is of the same lineage with thyself thyself thyself and has done nothing in his priesthood and has done nothing in his priesthood and has done nothing in his priesthood that can be liable to exception that can be liable to exception that can be liable to exception come ye therefore together and offer come ye therefore together and offer come ye therefore together and offer your incense in public your incense in public your incense in public before all the people and when you offer before all the people and when you offer before all the people and when you offer it it it he whose sacrifice god shall accept he whose sacrifice god shall accept he whose sacrifice god shall accept shall be ordained to the priesthood shall be ordained to the priesthood shall be ordained to the priesthood and shall be clear of the present and shall be clear of the present and shall be clear of the present calumny on aaron calumny on aaron calumny on aaron as if i had granted him that favor as if i had granted him that favor as if i had granted him that favor because he was my brother chapters three and four of the chapters three and four of the antiquities of the jews antiquities of the jews antiquities of the jews volume one this is a librivox recording volume one this is a librivox recording volume one this is a librivox recording all librivox recordings are in the all librivox recordings are in the all librivox recordings are in the public domain public domain public domain for more information or to volunteer

for more information or to volunteer for more information or to volunteer please visit please visit please visit livervox.org recording by paul huckabee the antiquities of the jews volume 1 by the antiquities of the jews volume 1 by flavius josephus flavius josephus flavius josephus translated by william whiston book 4 translated by william whiston book 4 translated by william whiston book 4 chapters 3 and 4 chapter 3 chapters 3 and 4 chapter 3 chapters 3 and 4 chapter 3 how those that stirred up this sedition how those that stirred up this sedition how those that stirred up this sedition were destroyed were destroyed were destroyed according to the will of god and how according to the will of god and how according to the will of god and how aaron aaron aaron moses brother both he and his posterity moses brother both he and his posterity moses brother both he and his posterity retained the priesthood when moses had retained the priesthood when moses had retained the priesthood when moses had said this said this said this the multitude left off the turbulent the multitude left off the turbulent the multitude left off the turbulent behavior they had indulged behavior they had indulged behavior they had indulged and the suspicion they had of moses and and the suspicion they had of moses and and the suspicion they had of moses and commended what he had said commended what he had said commended what he had said for those proposals were good and were for those proposals were good and were for those proposals were good and were so esteemed of the people so esteemed of the people so esteemed of the people at that time therefore they dissolved at that time therefore they dissolved at that time therefore they dissolved the assembly the assembly the assembly but on the next day they came to the but on the next day they came to the but on the next day they came to the congregation congregation congregation in order to be present at the sacrifice in order to be present at the sacrifice in order to be present at the sacrifice and that the determination and that the determination and that the determination that was to be made between the that was to be made between the that was to be made between the candidates for the priesthood candidates for the priesthood candidates for the priesthood now this congregation proved to be a now this congregation proved to be a now this congregation proved to be a turbulent one turbulent one turbulent one and the multitude were in great suspense and the multitude were in great suspense and the multitude were in great suspense and expectation and expectation and expectation of what was to be done for some of them of what was to be done for some of them of what was to be done for some of them would have been pleased if moses had would have been pleased if moses had would have been pleased if moses had been convicted of evil practices been convicted of evil practices been convicted of evil practices but the wiser sort desired that they but the wiser sort desired that they but the wiser sort desired that they might be delivered from the present might be delivered from the present might be delivered from the present disorder and disturbance disorder and disturbance disorder and disturbance for they were afraid that if this for they were afraid that if this for they were afraid that if this sedition went on the good order of their sedition went on the good order of their sedition went on the good order of their settlement would rather be destroyed settlement would rather be destroyed settlement would rather be destroyed but the whole body of the people do but the whole body of the people do but the whole body of the people do naturally delighting clamors against

naturally delighting clamors against naturally delighting clamors against their governors their governors their governors and by changing their opinions upon the and by changing their opinions upon the and by changing their opinions upon the harangues of every speaker harangues of every speaker harangues of every speaker disturb the public tranquility disturb the public tranquility disturb the public tranquility and now moses sent messages for abeoram and now moses sent messages for abeoram and now moses sent messages for abeoram and dathan and dathan and dathan and ordered them to come to the assembly and ordered them to come to the assembly and ordered them to come to the assembly and wait there for the holy officers and wait there for the holy officers and wait there for the holy officers that were to be performed that were to be performed that were to be performed but they answered the messenger that but they answered the messenger that but they answered the messenger that they would not obey his summons they would not obey his summons they would not obey his summons nay would not overlook moses's behavior nay would not overlook moses's behavior nay would not overlook moses's behavior who was growing too great for them by who was growing too great for them by who was growing too great for them by evil practices evil practices evil practices now when moses heard of this their now when moses heard of this their now when moses heard of this their answer he desired the heads of the answer he desired the heads of the answer he desired the heads of the people to follow him people to follow him people to follow him and went to the faction of dathan not and went to the faction of dathan not and went to the faction of dathan not thinking it any frightful thing at all thinking it any frightful thing at all thinking it any frightful thing at all to go to these insolent people to go to these insolent people to go to these insolent people so they made no opposition but went so they made no opposition but went so they made no opposition but went along with him along with him along with him but dathan and his associates when they but dathan and his associates when they but dathan and his associates when they understood that moses and the principal understood that moses and the principal understood that moses and the principal of the people of the people of the people were coming to them came out with their were coming to them came out with their were coming to them came out with their wives and children wives and children wives and children and stood before their tents and looked and stood before their tents and looked and stood before their tents and looked to see what moses would do to see what moses would do to see what moses would do they had also their servants about them they had also their servants about them they had also their servants about them to defend themselves to defend themselves to defend themselves in case moses should use force against in case moses should use force against in case moses should use force against them but he came near them but he came near them but he came near and lifted up his hands to heaven and and lifted up his hands to heaven and and lifted up his hands to heaven and cried out with a loud voice cried out with a loud voice cried out with a loud voice in order to be heard by the whole in order to be heard by the whole in order to be heard by the whole multitude and said multitude and said multitude and said oh lord of the creatures that are in oh lord of the creatures that are in oh lord of the creatures that are in heaven in the earth heaven in the earth heaven in the earth and in the sea for thou art the most and in the sea for thou art the most and in the sea for thou art the most authentic witness to what i have done authentic witness to what i have done authentic witness to what i have done that it has all been done by thy that it has all been done by thy that it has all been done by thy appointment appointment appointment and that it was thou that affordest as

and that it was thou that affordest as and that it was thou that affordest as assistants assistants assistants when we attempted anything and showed us when we attempted anything and showed us when we attempted anything and showed us mercy mercy mercy on the hebrews in all their distresses on the hebrews in all their distresses on the hebrews in all their distresses do thou come now and hear all that i say do thou come now and hear all that i say do thou come now and hear all that i say for no action or thought escapes thy for no action or thought escapes thy for no action or thought escapes thy knowledge knowledge knowledge so thou wilt not disdain to speak what so thou wilt not disdain to speak what so thou wilt not disdain to speak what is true is true is true for my vindication without any regard to for my vindication without any regard to for my vindication without any regard to the ungrateful imputations of these men the ungrateful imputations of these men the ungrateful imputations of these men as for what was done before i was born as for what was done before i was born as for what was done before i was born thou knowest best thou knowest best thou knowest best as not learning them by report but as not learning them by report but as not learning them by report but seeing them seeing them seeing them and being present with them when they and being present with them when they and being present with them when they were done were done were done but what has been done of late and which but what has been done of late and which but what has been done of late and which these men these men these men although they know them well enough although they know them well enough although they know them well enough unjustly pretend to suspect unjustly pretend to suspect unjustly pretend to suspect be thou my witness when i lived a be thou my witness when i lived a be thou my witness when i lived a private quiet life private quiet life private quiet life i left those good things which by my own i left those good things which by my own i left those good things which by my own diligence diligence diligence and by thy counsel i enjoyed with regal and by thy counsel i enjoyed with regal and by thy counsel i enjoyed with regal my my my father-in-law and i gave myself up to father-in-law and i gave myself up to father-in-law and i gave myself up to this people this people this people and underwent many miseries on their and underwent many miseries on their and underwent many miseries on their account account account i also bore great labors at first in i also bore great labors at first in i also bore great labors at first in order to obtain liberty for them order to obtain liberty for them order to obtain liberty for them and now in order to their preservation and now in order to their preservation and now in order to their preservation and have and have and have always shown myself ready to assist them always shown myself ready to assist them always shown myself ready to assist them in any distress of theirs in any distress of theirs in any distress of theirs now therefore since i am suspected now therefore since i am suspected now therefore since i am suspected by those very men whose being is owing by those very men whose being is owing by those very men whose being is owing to my labors to my labors to my labors come thou as it is reasonable to hope come thou as it is reasonable to hope come thou as it is reasonable to hope thou wilt thou wilt thou wilt thou i say who showed us me that fire at thou i say who showed us me that fire at thou i say who showed us me that fire at mount sinai mount sinai mount sinai and made us me to hear its voice and to

and made us me to hear its voice and to and made us me to hear its voice and to see see see the several wonders which that place the several wonders which that place the several wonders which that place afforded thou who commandeth me afforded thou who commandeth me afforded thou who commandeth me to go to egypt and declare thy will to to go to egypt and declare thy will to to go to egypt and declare thy will to his people his people his people thou who disturb us the happiest state thou who disturb us the happiest state thou who disturb us the happiest state of the egyptians of the egyptians of the egyptians and gave us us the opportunity of flying and gave us us the opportunity of flying and gave us us the opportunity of flying away from our under them away from our under them away from our under them and made us the dominion of pharaoh and made us the dominion of pharaoh and made us the dominion of pharaoh inferior inferior inferior to my dominion thou who dissed make the to my dominion thou who dissed make the to my dominion thou who dissed make the seed dry land for us seed dry land for us seed dry land for us when we knew not whether to go and when we knew not whether to go and when we knew not whether to go and disoverwhelm the egyptians with those disoverwhelm the egyptians with those disoverwhelm the egyptians with those destructive waves which had been divided destructive waves which had been divided destructive waves which had been divided for us for us for us thou who dis bestow upon us the security thou who dis bestow upon us the security thou who dis bestow upon us the security of weapons when we were naked of weapons when we were naked of weapons when we were naked thou who dis make the fountains that thou who dis make the fountains that thou who dis make the fountains that were corrupted to flow were corrupted to flow were corrupted to flow so as to be fit for drinking and dissed so as to be fit for drinking and dissed so as to be fit for drinking and dissed furnitures furnitures furnitures with water that came out of rocks when with water that came out of rocks when with water that came out of rocks when we were in want of it we were in want of it we were in want of it thou who dis preserve our lives with thou who dis preserve our lives with thou who dis preserve our lives with quails which was quails which was quails which was food from the sea when the fruits of the food from the sea when the fruits of the food from the sea when the fruits of the ground failed us ground failed us ground failed us thou descend such food from heaven as thou descend such food from heaven as thou descend such food from heaven as had never been seen before had never been seen before had never been seen before thou who dis suggest to us the knowledge thou who dis suggest to us the knowledge thou who dis suggest to us the knowledge of thy laws of thy laws of thy laws and the point to us a form of government and the point to us a form of government and the point to us a form of government come thou i say o lord of the whole come thou i say o lord of the whole come thou i say o lord of the whole world world world and that as such a judge and a witness and that as such a judge and a witness and that as such a judge and a witness to me as cannot be bribed to me as cannot be bribed to me as cannot be bribed and show how i never admitted of any and show how i never admitted of any and show how i never admitted of any gift against gift against gift against justice from any of the hebrews and have justice from any of the hebrews and have justice from any of the hebrews and have never condemned a man never condemned a man never condemned a man that ought to have been acquitted on that ought to have been acquitted on that ought to have been acquitted on account of one that was rich account of one that was rich account of one that was rich and have never attempted to hurt this and have never attempted to hurt this and have never attempted to hurt this commonwealth commonwealth commonwealth i am now and am suspected of a thing the

i am now and am suspected of a thing the i am now and am suspected of a thing the remotest from my intentions remotest from my intentions remotest from my intentions as if i had given the priesthood to as if i had given the priesthood to as if i had given the priesthood to aaron not at thy command aaron not at thy command aaron not at thy command but out of my own favor to him do thou but out of my own favor to him do thou but out of my own favor to him do thou at this time demonstrate at this time demonstrate at this time demonstrate that all things are administered by thy that all things are administered by thy that all things are administered by thy providence providence providence and that nothing happens by chance but and that nothing happens by chance but and that nothing happens by chance but is governed is governed is governed by thy will and thereby attains its end by thy will and thereby attains its end by thy will and thereby attains its end as also demonstrate that thou takest as also demonstrate that thou takest as also demonstrate that thou takest care of those that have done good to the care of those that have done good to the care of those that have done good to the hebrews hebrews hebrews demonstrate this i say by the punishment demonstrate this i say by the punishment demonstrate this i say by the punishment of abhiram of abhiram of abhiram and dathan who condemn thee as being an and dathan who condemn thee as being an and dathan who condemn thee as being an insensible being insensible being insensible being and one overcome by my contrivances and one overcome by my contrivances and one overcome by my contrivances thou do by inflicting such an open thou do by inflicting such an open thou do by inflicting such an open punishment on these men punishment on these men punishment on these men who so madly fly in the face of thy who so madly fly in the face of thy who so madly fly in the face of thy glory as will take them out of the world glory as will take them out of the world glory as will take them out of the world not in an ordinary manner but so that it not in an ordinary manner but so that it not in an ordinary manner but so that it may appear they do die may appear they do die may appear they do die after the manner of other men let that after the manner of other men let that after the manner of other men let that ground ground ground which they tread upon open about them which they tread upon open about them which they tread upon open about them and consume them and consume them and consume them with their families and goods this will with their families and goods this will with their families and goods this will be a demonstration be a demonstration be a demonstration of thy power to all and this method of of thy power to all and this method of of thy power to all and this method of their sufferings their sufferings their sufferings will be an instruction of wisdom for will be an instruction of wisdom for will be an instruction of wisdom for those who entertain profane sentiments those who entertain profane sentiments those who entertain profane sentiments of thee of thee of thee by this means i shall be a good servant by this means i shall be a good servant by this means i shall be a good servant in the precepts thou has given me in the precepts thou has given me in the precepts thou has given me but if the calumnies they have raised but if the calumnies they have raised but if the calumnies they have raised against me be true against me be true against me be true may thou preserve these men from every may thou preserve these men from every may thou preserve these men from every evil accident evil accident evil accident and bring all that destruction on me and bring all that destruction on me and bring all that destruction on me which i have implicated upon them which i have implicated upon them which i have implicated upon them and when thou has inflicted punishment and when thou has inflicted punishment and when thou has inflicted punishment on those that have endeavoured to deal

on those that have endeavoured to deal on those that have endeavoured to deal unjustly with this people unjustly with this people unjustly with this people bestow upon them concord and peace save bestow upon them concord and peace save bestow upon them concord and peace save the multitude the multitude the multitude that follow thy commandments and that follow thy commandments and that follow thy commandments and preserve them free from harm preserve them free from harm preserve them free from harm and let them not partake of the and let them not partake of the and let them not partake of the punishment of those that have sinned punishment of those that have sinned punishment of those that have sinned for thou knowest thyself it is not just for thou knowest thyself it is not just for thou knowest thyself it is not just that for the wickedness of those men that for the wickedness of those men that for the wickedness of those men the whole body of the israelites should the whole body of the israelites should the whole body of the israelites should suffer punishment suffer punishment suffer punishment when moses had said this with tears in when moses had said this with tears in when moses had said this with tears in his eyes his eyes his eyes the ground was moved on a sudden and the the ground was moved on a sudden and the the ground was moved on a sudden and the agitation that set it in motion agitation that set it in motion agitation that set it in motion was like that which wind producers in was like that which wind producers in was like that which wind producers in waves of the sea waves of the sea waves of the sea the people were all arthritis and the the people were all arthritis and the the people were all arthritis and the ground that was about their tents ground that was about their tents ground that was about their tents sunk down at the great noise with a sunk down at the great noise with a sunk down at the great noise with a terrible sound terrible sound terrible sound and carried whatsoever was dear to the and carried whatsoever was dear to the and carried whatsoever was dear to the seditious into itself seditious into itself seditious into itself who so entirely perished that there was who so entirely perished that there was who so entirely perished that there was not the least appearance not the least appearance not the least appearance that any man had ever been seen there that any man had ever been seen there that any man had ever been seen there the earth that had opened itself about the earth that had opened itself about the earth that had opened itself about them them them closing again and becoming entire as it closing again and becoming entire as it closing again and becoming entire as it was before was before was before in so much that such as saw it afterward in so much that such as saw it afterward in so much that such as saw it afterward did not perceive that any such accident did not perceive that any such accident did not perceive that any such accident had happened to it had happened to it had happened to it thus did these men perish and become a thus did these men perish and become a thus did these men perish and become a demonstration demonstration demonstration of the power of god and truly anyone of the power of god and truly anyone of the power of god and truly anyone would lament them not only on account of would lament them not only on account of would lament them not only on account of this calamity that befell them this calamity that befell them this calamity that befell them which yet deserves our commiseration but which yet deserves our commiseration but which yet deserves our commiseration but also because their kindred were pleased also because their kindred were pleased also because their kindred were pleased with their sufferings with their sufferings with their sufferings they forgot the relation they bear to they forgot the relation they bear to they forgot the relation they bear to them and at the sight of this them and at the sight of this them and at the sight of this sad accident approved of the judgment sad accident approved of the judgment sad accident approved of the judgment given against them

given against them given against them and because they looked upon the people and because they looked upon the people and because they looked upon the people about dayton as pestilent men about dayton as pestilent men about dayton as pestilent men they thought they perished as such and they thought they perished as such and they thought they perished as such and did not grieve for them did not grieve for them did not grieve for them and now moses called for those that and now moses called for those that and now moses called for those that contended about the priesthood that contended about the priesthood that contended about the priesthood that trial might be made trial might be made trial might be made who should be priest and that he whose who should be priest and that he whose who should be priest and that he whose sacrifice sacrifice sacrifice god was best pleased with might be god was best pleased with might be god was best pleased with might be ordained to that function ordained to that function ordained to that function there attended 250 men who indeed were there attended 250 men who indeed were there attended 250 men who indeed were honored by the people honored by the people honored by the people not only on account of the power of not only on account of the power of not only on account of the power of their ancestors but also their ancestors but also their ancestors but also on account of their own in which they on account of their own in which they on account of their own in which they excelled the others excelled the others excelled the others aaron also and korra came forth aaron also and korra came forth aaron also and korra came forth and they all offered incense in those and they all offered incense in those and they all offered incense in those senses of theirs which they had brought senses of theirs which they had brought senses of theirs which they had brought with them before the tabernacle with them before the tabernacle with them before the tabernacle hereupon so great of fire shone out as hereupon so great of fire shone out as hereupon so great of fire shone out as no one ever saw no one ever saw no one ever saw in any that is made by the hand of man in any that is made by the hand of man in any that is made by the hand of man neither in those eruptions out of the neither in those eruptions out of the neither in those eruptions out of the earth earth earth that are caused by subterraneous burn that are caused by subterraneous burn that are caused by subterraneous burn rags nor rags nor rags nor in such fires as a rise of their own in such fires as a rise of their own in such fires as a rise of their own accord in the woods accord in the woods accord in the woods when the agitation is caused by the when the agitation is caused by the when the agitation is caused by the trees rubbing one against another trees rubbing one against another trees rubbing one against another but this fire was very bright and had a but this fire was very bright and had a but this fire was very bright and had a terrible flame terrible flame terrible flame such as is kindled at the command of god such as is kindled at the command of god such as is kindled at the command of god by whose eruption on them by whose eruption on them by whose eruption on them all the company and korra himself were all the company and korra himself were all the company and korra himself were destroyed destroyed destroyed and this so entirely that their very and this so entirely that their very and this so entirely that their very bodies left no remains behind them bodies left no remains behind them bodies left no remains behind them aaron alone was preserved and not at all aaron alone was preserved and not at all aaron alone was preserved and not at all hurt by the fire hurt by the fire hurt by the fire because it was god that sent the fire to

because it was god that sent the fire to because it was god that sent the fire to burn only those who ought to be burned burn only those who ought to be burned burn only those who ought to be burned hereupon moses after these men were hereupon moses after these men were hereupon moses after these men were destroyed destroyed destroyed was desirous that the memory of this was desirous that the memory of this was desirous that the memory of this judgment might be delivered down to judgment might be delivered down to judgment might be delivered down to posterity posterity posterity and that future ages might be acquainted and that future ages might be acquainted and that future ages might be acquainted with it and so he commanded eliezer with it and so he commanded eliezer with it and so he commanded eliezer the son of aaron to put their senses the son of aaron to put their senses the son of aaron to put their senses near the brazen altar that they might be near the brazen altar that they might be near the brazen altar that they might be a memorial to posterity a memorial to posterity a memorial to posterity of what these men suffered for supposing of what these men suffered for supposing of what these men suffered for supposing that the power of god that the power of god that the power of god might be eluded and thus evan was now no might be eluded and thus evan was now no might be eluded and thus evan was now no longer esteemed to have the priesthood longer esteemed to have the priesthood longer esteemed to have the priesthood by the favor of moses but by the public by the favor of moses but by the public by the favor of moses but by the public judgment judgment judgment of god and thus he and his children of god and thus he and his children of god and thus he and his children peaceably enjoyed that honor peaceably enjoyed that honor peaceably enjoyed that honor afterward chapter four afterward chapter four afterward chapter four what happened to the hebrews during 38 what happened to the hebrews during 38 what happened to the hebrews during 38 years in the wilderness however this sedition was so far from however this sedition was so far from ceasing ceasing ceasing upon this destruction that it grew much upon this destruction that it grew much upon this destruction that it grew much stronger stronger stronger and became more intolerable and the and became more intolerable and the and became more intolerable and the occasion of it growing worse occasion of it growing worse occasion of it growing worse was of that nature has made it likely was of that nature has made it likely was of that nature has made it likely the calamity would never cease the calamity would never cease the calamity would never cease but last for a long time for the men but last for a long time for the men but last for a long time for the men believing that nothing is done without believing that nothing is done without believing that nothing is done without the providence of god the providence of god the providence of god would have it that these things came would have it that these things came would have it that these things came thus to pass thus to pass thus to pass not without god's favor to moses they not without god's favor to moses they not without god's favor to moses they therefore laid the blame upon him therefore laid the blame upon him therefore laid the blame upon him that god was so angry and that this that god was so angry and that this that god was so angry and that this happened not so much because of the happened not so much because of the happened not so much because of the wickedness of those that were punished wickedness of those that were punished wickedness of those that were punished as because moses as because moses as because moses procured the punishment and that these procured the punishment and that these procured the punishment and that these men had been destroyed

men had been destroyed men had been destroyed without any sin of theirs only because without any sin of theirs only because without any sin of theirs only because they were zealous they were zealous they were zealous about the divine worship as also about the divine worship as also about the divine worship as also that he who had been the cause of this that he who had been the cause of this that he who had been the cause of this diminution of the people diminution of the people diminution of the people by destroying so many men and those the by destroying so many men and those the by destroying so many men and those the most excellent of them all most excellent of them all most excellent of them all besides his escaping any punishment besides his escaping any punishment besides his escaping any punishment himself had now given the priesthood himself had now given the priesthood himself had now given the priesthood to his brother so firmly that nobody to his brother so firmly that nobody to his brother so firmly that nobody could any could any could any longer dispute it with him for no one longer dispute it with him for no one longer dispute it with him for no one else else else to be sure could now put in for it to be sure could now put in for it to be sure could now put in for it since he must have seen those that first since he must have seen those that first since he must have seen those that first did so to have miserably perished did so to have miserably perished did so to have miserably perished nay beside this the kindred of those nay beside this the kindred of those nay beside this the kindred of those that were destroyed that were destroyed that were destroyed made great entreaties to the multitude made great entreaties to the multitude made great entreaties to the multitude to abate the arrogance of moses to abate the arrogance of moses to abate the arrogance of moses because it would be safest for them so because it would be safest for them so because it would be safest for them so to do to do to do now moses upon his hearing for a good now moses upon his hearing for a good now moses upon his hearing for a good while that the people were tumultuous while that the people were tumultuous while that the people were tumultuous was afraid that they would attempt some was afraid that they would attempt some was afraid that they would attempt some other innovation other innovation other innovation and that some great and sad calamity and that some great and sad calamity and that some great and sad calamity would be the consequence would be the consequence would be the consequence he called the multitude to a he called the multitude to a he called the multitude to a congregation and patiently heard congregation and patiently heard congregation and patiently heard what apology they had to make for what apology they had to make for what apology they had to make for themselves without opposing them and themselves without opposing them and themselves without opposing them and this this this lest he should embitter the multitude he lest he should embitter the multitude he lest he should embitter the multitude he only desired only desired only desired the heads of the tribes to bring their the heads of the tribes to bring their the heads of the tribes to bring their rods with the names of their tribes rods with the names of their tribes rods with the names of their tribes inscribed upon them inscribed upon them inscribed upon them and that he should receive the and that he should receive the and that he should receive the priesthood in whose rod god should give priesthood in whose rod god should give priesthood in whose rod god should give a sign a sign a sign this was agreed to so the rest brought this was agreed to so the rest brought this was agreed to so the rest brought their rods their rods their rods as did aaron also who had written the as did aaron also who had written the as did aaron also who had written the tribe of levi

tribe of levi tribe of levi on his rod these rods moses laid up in on his rod these rods moses laid up in on his rod these rods moses laid up in the tabernacle of god the tabernacle of god the tabernacle of god on the next day he brought out the rods on the next day he brought out the rods on the next day he brought out the rods which were known from one another by which were known from one another by which were known from one another by those who brought them those who brought them those who brought them they having distinctly noted them as had they having distinctly noted them as had they having distinctly noted them as had the multitude also the multitude also the multitude also and as to the rest in the same form and as to the rest in the same form and as to the rest in the same form moses had received them moses had received them moses had received them in that they saw them still but they in that they saw them still but they in that they saw them still but they also saw buds and branches grown out of also saw buds and branches grown out of also saw buds and branches grown out of aaron's rod aaron's rod aaron's rod with ripe fruits upon them they were with ripe fruits upon them they were with ripe fruits upon them they were almonds almonds almonds the rod having been cut out of that tree the rod having been cut out of that tree the rod having been cut out of that tree the people were so amazed at this the people were so amazed at this the people were so amazed at this strange sight that though moses and strange sight that though moses and strange sight that though moses and aaron were before under some degree of aaron were before under some degree of aaron were before under some degree of hatred hatred hatred they now laid that hatred aside and they now laid that hatred aside and they now laid that hatred aside and began to admire the judgment of god began to admire the judgment of god began to admire the judgment of god concerning them concerning them concerning them so that hereafter they applauded what so that hereafter they applauded what so that hereafter they applauded what god had decreed god had decreed god had decreed and permitted aaron to enjoy the and permitted aaron to enjoy the and permitted aaron to enjoy the priesthood peaceably priesthood peaceably priesthood peaceably and thus god ordained him priests three and thus god ordained him priests three and thus god ordained him priests three several times several times several times and he retained that honour without and he retained that honour without and he retained that honour without further disturbance further disturbance further disturbance and hereby this sedition of the hebrews and hereby this sedition of the hebrews and hereby this sedition of the hebrews which had been a great one which had been a great one which had been a great one and had lasted a great while was at last and had lasted a great while was at last and had lasted a great while was at last composed and now moses composed and now moses composed and now moses because the tribe of levi was made free because the tribe of levi was made free because the tribe of levi was made free from war and war-like expeditions from war and war-like expeditions from war and war-like expeditions was set apart for the divine worship was set apart for the divine worship was set apart for the divine worship lest they should want lest they should want lest they should want and seek after the necessaries of life and seek after the necessaries of life and seek after the necessaries of life and so neglect the temple and so neglect the temple and so neglect the temple commanded the hebrews according to the commanded the hebrews according to the commanded the hebrews according to the will of god that when they should gain will of god that when they should gain will of god that when they should gain the possession the possession the possession of the land of canaan they should assign

of the land of canaan they should assign of the land of canaan they should assign 48 48 48 good and fair cities to the levites and good and fair cities to the levites and good and fair cities to the levites and permit them permit them permit them to enjoy their suburbs as far as the to enjoy their suburbs as far as the to enjoy their suburbs as far as the limit of 2 limit of 2 limit of 2 000 cubits would extend from the walls 000 cubits would extend from the walls 000 cubits would extend from the walls of the city of the city of the city and beside this he appointed that the and beside this he appointed that the and beside this he appointed that the people should pay the tithe of their people should pay the tithe of their people should pay the tithe of their annual fruits of the earth annual fruits of the earth annual fruits of the earth both to the levites and to the priests both to the levites and to the priests both to the levites and to the priests and this is what that tribe receives of and this is what that tribe receives of and this is what that tribe receives of the multitude the multitude the multitude but i think it necessary to set down but i think it necessary to set down but i think it necessary to set down what is paid by all what is paid by all what is paid by all peculiarly to the priests accordingly he peculiarly to the priests accordingly he peculiarly to the priests accordingly he commanded the levites commanded the levites commanded the levites to yield up to the priests 13 of their to yield up to the priests 13 of their to yield up to the priests 13 of their 48 cities 48 cities 48 cities and to set apart for them the tenth part and to set apart for them the tenth part and to set apart for them the tenth part of the tithes which every year they of the tithes which every year they of the tithes which every year they receive of the people receive of the people receive of the people as also that it was but just to offer to as also that it was but just to offer to as also that it was but just to offer to god god god the first fruits of the entire product the first fruits of the entire product the first fruits of the entire product of the ground of the ground of the ground and that they should offer the firstborn and that they should offer the firstborn and that they should offer the firstborn of those four-footed beasts that are of those four-footed beasts that are of those four-footed beasts that are appointed for sacrifices appointed for sacrifices appointed for sacrifices if it be a male to the priests to be if it be a male to the priests to be if it be a male to the priests to be slain slain slain that they and their entire families may that they and their entire families may that they and their entire families may eat them in the holy city eat them in the holy city eat them in the holy city but that the owners of those first-born but that the owners of those first-born but that the owners of those first-born which are not appointed for sacrifices which are not appointed for sacrifices which are not appointed for sacrifices in the laws of our country should bring in the laws of our country should bring in the laws of our country should bring a shekel and a half a shekel and a half a shekel and a half in their stead but for the firstborn of in their stead but for the firstborn of in their stead but for the firstborn of a man a man a man five shekels that they should also have five shekels that they should also have five shekels that they should also have the first fruits out of the sharing of the first fruits out of the sharing of the first fruits out of the sharing of the sheep the sheep the sheep and that when any baked bread corn and and that when any baked bread corn and and that when any baked bread corn and made loaves of it made loaves of it made loaves of it they should give somewhat of what they they should give somewhat of what they they should give somewhat of what they had baked to them

had baked to them had baked to them moreover when any had made a sacred vow moreover when any had made a sacred vow moreover when any had made a sacred vow i mean those that are called nazarites i mean those that are called nazarites i mean those that are called nazarites that suffer their hair to grow long that suffer their hair to grow long that suffer their hair to grow long and use no wine when they consecrate and use no wine when they consecrate and use no wine when they consecrate their hair and their hair and their hair and offer it for a sacrifice they are to offer it for a sacrifice they are to offer it for a sacrifice they are to allot that hair for the priests allot that hair for the priests allot that hair for the priests to be thrown into the fire such to be thrown into the fire such to be thrown into the fire such also as dedicate themselves to god as a also as dedicate themselves to god as a also as dedicate themselves to god as a corbyn corbyn corbyn which denotes what the greeks call a which denotes what the greeks call a which denotes what the greeks call a gift when they are desirous of being gift when they are desirous of being gift when they are desirous of being freed from that ministration freed from that ministration freed from that ministration are to lay down money for the priests are to lay down money for the priests are to lay down money for the priests thirty shekels thirty shekels thirty shekels if it be a woman and fifty if it be a if it be a woman and fifty if it be a if it be a woman and fifty if it be a man man man but if any be too poor to pay the but if any be too poor to pay the but if any be too poor to pay the appointed son appointed son appointed son it shall be lawful for the priests to it shall be lawful for the priests to it shall be lawful for the priests to determine that some as they think determine that some as they think determine that some as they think fit and if any slave beasts at home fit and if any slave beasts at home fit and if any slave beasts at home for a private festival but not for a for a private festival but not for a for a private festival but not for a religious one religious one religious one they are obliged to bring the more and they are obliged to bring the more and they are obliged to bring the more and the cheek or breast the cheek or breast the cheek or breast and the right shoulder of the sacrifice and the right shoulder of the sacrifice and the right shoulder of the sacrifice to the priests to the priests to the priests with these moses contrived that the with these moses contrived that the with these moses contrived that the priests should be plentifully maintained priests should be plentifully maintained priests should be plentifully maintained besides what they had out of those besides what they had out of those besides what they had out of those offerings for sins offerings for sins offerings for sins which the people gave them as i have sat which the people gave them as i have sat which the people gave them as i have sat down in the foregoing book down in the foregoing book down in the foregoing book he also ordered that out of everything he also ordered that out of everything he also ordered that out of everything allotted for the priests allotted for the priests allotted for the priests their servants their sons their their servants their sons their their servants their sons their daughters and their wives daughters and their wives daughters and their wives should partake as well as themselves should partake as well as themselves should partake as well as themselves accepting what came to them out of the accepting what came to them out of the accepting what came to them out of the sacrifices that were offered for sins sacrifices that were offered for sins sacrifices that were offered for sins for of those none but the males of the for of those none but the males of the for of those none but the males of the family of the priests might eat family of the priests might eat family of the priests might eat and this in the temple also and that the

and this in the temple also and that the and this in the temple also and that the same day they were offered same day they were offered same day they were offered when moses had made these constitutions when moses had made these constitutions when moses had made these constitutions after the sedition was over after the sedition was over after the sedition was over he removed together with the whole army he removed together with the whole army he removed together with the whole army and came to the borders of and came to the borders of and came to the borders of idumea he then sent ambassadors idumea he then sent ambassadors idumea he then sent ambassadors to the king of the idomians and desired to the king of the idomians and desired to the king of the idomians and desired him him him to give him a passage through his to give him a passage through his to give him a passage through his country and agreed to send him country and agreed to send him country and agreed to send him what hostages he should desire to secure what hostages he should desire to secure what hostages he should desire to secure him from an him from an him from an injury he desired him also that he would injury he desired him also that he would injury he desired him also that he would allow his army allow his army allow his army liberty to buy provisions and if he liberty to buy provisions and if he liberty to buy provisions and if he insisted upon it he would pay down a insisted upon it he would pay down a insisted upon it he would pay down a price price price for the very water they should drink but for the very water they should drink but for the very water they should drink but the king was not pleased with this the king was not pleased with this the king was not pleased with this embassage from moses embassage from moses embassage from moses nor did he allow a passage for the army nor did he allow a passage for the army nor did he allow a passage for the army but brought his people but brought his people but brought his people armed to meet moses and to hinder them armed to meet moses and to hinder them armed to meet moses and to hinder them in case they should endeavor to force in case they should endeavor to force in case they should endeavor to force their passage their passage their passage upon which moses consulted with god by upon which moses consulted with god by upon which moses consulted with god by the oracle the oracle the oracle who would not have him begin the war who would not have him begin the war who would not have him begin the war first so he withdrew his forces first so he withdrew his forces first so he withdrew his forces and traveled round about through the and traveled round about through the and traveled round about through the wilderness then it was that miriam the sister of then it was that miriam the sister of moses moses moses came to her end having completed her came to her end having completed her came to her end having completed her 40th year 40th year 40th year since she left egypt on the first day of since she left egypt on the first day of since she left egypt on the first day of the lunar month the lunar month the lunar month santhikus they then made a public santhikus they then made a public santhikus they then made a public funeral for her funeral for her funeral for her at a great expense she was buried upon a at a great expense she was buried upon a at a great expense she was buried upon a certain mountain certain mountain certain mountain which they call sin and when they had which they call sin and when they had which they call sin and when they had mourned her for 30 days mourned her for 30 days mourned her for 30 days moses purified the people after this moses purified the people after this moses purified the people after this manner he brought a hepa that had never manner he brought a hepa that had never manner he brought a hepa that had never been used to the plough or to husbandry

been used to the plough or to husbandry been used to the plough or to husbandry that was complete in all its parts and that was complete in all its parts and that was complete in all its parts and entirely of a red color entirely of a red color entirely of a red color at a little distance from the camp into at a little distance from the camp into at a little distance from the camp into a place perfectly clean a place perfectly clean a place perfectly clean this heifer was slain by the high priest this heifer was slain by the high priest this heifer was slain by the high priest and her blood sprinkled with his finger and her blood sprinkled with his finger and her blood sprinkled with his finger seven times before the tabernacle of god seven times before the tabernacle of god seven times before the tabernacle of god after this the entire heifer was burnt after this the entire heifer was burnt after this the entire heifer was burnt in that state in that state in that state together with its skin and entrails and together with its skin and entrails and together with its skin and entrails and they threw they threw they threw cedarwood and hyssop and scarlet wool cedarwood and hyssop and scarlet wool cedarwood and hyssop and scarlet wool into the mist of into the mist of into the mist of the fire then a clean man gathered all the fire then a clean man gathered all the fire then a clean man gathered all her ashes together her ashes together her ashes together and laid them in a place perfectly clean and laid them in a place perfectly clean and laid them in a place perfectly clean when therefore any persons were defiled when therefore any persons were defiled when therefore any persons were defiled by a dead body by a dead body by a dead body they put a little of these ashes into they put a little of these ashes into they put a little of these ashes into spring water with hyssop spring water with hyssop spring water with hyssop and dipping part of these ashes in it and dipping part of these ashes in it and dipping part of these ashes in it they sprinkled them with it both on the they sprinkled them with it both on the they sprinkled them with it both on the third day third day third day and on the seventh after that they were and on the seventh after that they were and on the seventh after that they were clean clean clean this ian joined them to do also when the this ian joined them to do also when the this ian joined them to do also when the tribes should come into their own land tribes should come into their own land tribes should come into their own land now when this purification which their now when this purification which their now when this purification which their leader made upon the morning for his leader made upon the morning for his leader made upon the morning for his sister sister sister as it has been now described was over as it has been now described was over as it has been now described was over he caused the army to remove and to he caused the army to remove and to he caused the army to remove and to march through the wilderness and through march through the wilderness and through march through the wilderness and through arabia arabia arabia and when he came to a place which the and when he came to a place which the and when he came to a place which the arabians esteemed their metropolis arabians esteemed their metropolis arabians esteemed their metropolis which was formerly called ark but has which was formerly called ark but has which was formerly called ark but has now the name of petra now the name of petra now the name of petra at this place which was encompassed with at this place which was encompassed with at this place which was encompassed with high mountains high mountains high mountains aaron went up one of them in the sight aaron went up one of them in the sight aaron went up one of them in the sight of the whole army of the whole army of the whole army moses having before told him that he was

moses having before told him that he was moses having before told him that he was to die to die to die for this place was over against them he for this place was over against them he for this place was over against them he put off put off put off his pontifical garments and delivered his pontifical garments and delivered his pontifical garments and delivered them to eliazar his son them to eliazar his son them to eliazar his son to whom the high priesthood belonged to whom the high priesthood belonged to whom the high priesthood belonged because he was the elder brother because he was the elder brother because he was the elder brother and died while the multitude looked upon and died while the multitude looked upon and died while the multitude looked upon him him him he died in the same year wherein he lost he died in the same year wherein he lost he died in the same year wherein he lost his sister his sister his sister having lived in all a hundred and twenty having lived in all a hundred and twenty having lived in all a hundred and twenty three years three years three years he died on the first day of that lunar he died on the first day of that lunar he died on the first day of that lunar month which is called by the athenians month which is called by the athenians month which is called by the athenians heca tombeon by the macedonians heca tombeon by the macedonians heca tombeon by the macedonians loose but by the hebrews abba loose but by the hebrews abba loose but by the hebrews abba end of book 4 chapters 3 and 4 chapters 5 and 6 of the antiquities of chapters 5 and 6 of the antiquities of the jews volume the jews volume the jews volume 1. this is a librivox recording all 1. this is a librivox recording all 1. this is a librivox recording all librivox recordings are in the public librivox recordings are in the public librivox recordings are in the public domain domain domain for more information or to volunteer for more information or to volunteer for more information or to volunteer please visit librivox.org please visit librivox.org please visit librivox.org the antiquities of the jews volume 1 by the antiquities of the jews volume 1 by the antiquities of the jews volume 1 by flavius josephus flavius josephus flavius josephus translated by william wiston book 4 translated by william wiston book 4 translated by william wiston book 4 chapters 5 and 6 chapter 5 chapters 5 and 6 chapter 5 chapters 5 and 6 chapter 5 how moses conquered sihan and og kings how moses conquered sihan and og kings how moses conquered sihan and og kings of the amorites of the amorites of the amorites and destroyed their whole army and then and destroyed their whole army and then and destroyed their whole army and then divided their land by lot divided their land by lot divided their land by lot to two tribes and a half of the hebrews to two tribes and a half of the hebrews to two tribes and a half of the hebrews the people mourned for air in thirty the people mourned for air in thirty the people mourned for air in thirty days and when this morning was over days and when this morning was over days and when this morning was over moses removed the army from that place moses removed the army from that place moses removed the army from that place and came to the river arnon

and came to the river arnon and came to the river arnon which issuing out of the mountains of which issuing out of the mountains of which issuing out of the mountains of arabia and running through all that arabia and running through all that arabia and running through all that wilderness wilderness wilderness falls into the lake asphaltitis and falls into the lake asphaltitis and falls into the lake asphaltitis and becomes the limit becomes the limit becomes the limit between the land of the moabites and the between the land of the moabites and the between the land of the moabites and the land of the amorites land of the amorites land of the amorites this land is fruitful and sufficient to this land is fruitful and sufficient to this land is fruitful and sufficient to maintain a great number of men maintain a great number of men maintain a great number of men with the good things it produces moses with the good things it produces moses with the good things it produces moses therefore sent messengers to saihan the therefore sent messengers to saihan the therefore sent messengers to saihan the king of this country king of this country king of this country desiring that he would grant his army a desiring that he would grant his army a desiring that he would grant his army a passage passage passage upon what security he should please to upon what security he should please to upon what security he should please to require require require he promised that he should be no way he promised that he should be no way he promised that he should be no way injured neither as to that country which injured neither as to that country which injured neither as to that country which saihan governed saihan governed saihan governed nor as to its inhabitants and that he nor as to its inhabitants and that he nor as to its inhabitants and that he would buy his provisions at such a price would buy his provisions at such a price would buy his provisions at such a price as should be to their advantage as should be to their advantage as should be to their advantage even though he should desire to sell even though he should desire to sell even though he should desire to sell them their very water them their very water them their very water but sihan refused his offer and put his but sihan refused his offer and put his but sihan refused his offer and put his army into battle array army into battle array army into battle array and was preparing everything in order to and was preparing everything in order to and was preparing everything in order to hinder their passing over arnon hinder their passing over arnon hinder their passing over arnon when moses saw that the amorite king was when moses saw that the amorite king was when moses saw that the amorite king was disposed to enter upon hostilities with disposed to enter upon hostilities with disposed to enter upon hostilities with them them them he thought he ought not to bear that he thought he ought not to bear that he thought he ought not to bear that insult and determining to wean the insult and determining to wean the insult and determining to wean the hebrews from their indolent temper hebrews from their indolent temper hebrews from their indolent temper and prevent the disorders which arose and prevent the disorders which arose and prevent the disorders which arose then which had been the occasion of then which had been the occasion of then which had been the occasion of their former sedition their former sedition their former sedition nor indeed were they now thoroughly easy nor indeed were they now thoroughly easy nor indeed were they now thoroughly easy in their minds in their minds in their minds he inquired of god whether he would give he inquired of god whether he would give he inquired of god whether he would give them leave to fight them leave to fight them leave to fight which when he had done and god also which when he had done and god also which when he had done and god also promised him the victory promised him the victory promised him the victory he was himself very courageous and ready he was himself very courageous and ready he was himself very courageous and ready to proceed to fighting

to proceed to fighting to proceed to fighting accordingly he encouraged the soldiers accordingly he encouraged the soldiers accordingly he encouraged the soldiers and he desired of them that they would and he desired of them that they would and he desired of them that they would take the pleasure of fighting take the pleasure of fighting take the pleasure of fighting now god gave them leave so to do they now god gave them leave so to do they now god gave them leave so to do they then then then upon the receipt of this permission upon the receipt of this permission upon the receipt of this permission which they so much longed for which they so much longed for which they so much longed for put on their whole armor and set about put on their whole armor and set about put on their whole armor and set about the work without delay the work without delay the work without delay but the amorite king was not now like to but the amorite king was not now like to but the amorite king was not now like to himself himself himself when the hebrews were ready to attack when the hebrews were ready to attack when the hebrews were ready to attack him but both he himself was afraid him but both he himself was afraid him but both he himself was afraid at the hebrews and his army which before at the hebrews and his army which before at the hebrews and his army which before had shown themselves to be of good had shown themselves to be of good had shown themselves to be of good courage courage courage were then found to be timorous so they were then found to be timorous so they were then found to be timorous so they could not sustain could not sustain could not sustain the first onset nor bear up against the the first onset nor bear up against the the first onset nor bear up against the hebrews but fled away hebrews but fled away hebrews but fled away as thinking this would afford them a as thinking this would afford them a as thinking this would afford them a more likely way for their escape than more likely way for their escape than more likely way for their escape than fighting fighting fighting for they depended upon their cities for they depended upon their cities for they depended upon their cities which were strong which were strong which were strong from which yet they reaped no advantage from which yet they reaped no advantage from which yet they reaped no advantage when they were forced to fly to them when they were forced to fly to them when they were forced to fly to them for as soon as the hebrews saw them for as soon as the hebrews saw them for as soon as the hebrews saw them giving ground they immediately pursued giving ground they immediately pursued giving ground they immediately pursued them close them close them close and when they had broken their ranks and when they had broken their ranks and when they had broken their ranks they greatly terrified them they greatly terrified them they greatly terrified them and some of them broke off from the rest and some of them broke off from the rest and some of them broke off from the rest and ran away to the cities and ran away to the cities and ran away to the cities now the hebrews pursued them briskly and now the hebrews pursued them briskly and now the hebrews pursued them briskly and obstinately persevered in the labors obstinately persevered in the labors obstinately persevered in the labors they had already undergone they had already undergone they had already undergone and being very skillful and slinging and and being very skillful and slinging and and being very skillful and slinging and very dexterous in throwing of darts very dexterous in throwing of darts very dexterous in throwing of darts or anything else of that kind and also or anything else of that kind and also or anything else of that kind and also having nothing but light armor having nothing but light armor having nothing but light armor which made them quick in the pursuit which made them quick in the pursuit which made them quick in the pursuit they overtook their enemies they overtook their enemies they overtook their enemies and for those that were most remote and and for those that were most remote and and for those that were most remote and could not be overtaken

could not be overtaken could not be overtaken they reached them by their slings and they reached them by their slings and they reached them by their slings and their bows so that many were slain their bows so that many were slain their bows so that many were slain and those that escaped the slaughter and those that escaped the slaughter and those that escaped the slaughter were sorely wounded were sorely wounded were sorely wounded and those were more distressed with and those were more distressed with and those were more distressed with thirst than with any of those that thirst than with any of those that thirst than with any of those that fought against them fought against them fought against them for it was the summer season and when for it was the summer season and when for it was the summer season and when the greatest number of them were brought the greatest number of them were brought the greatest number of them were brought down to the river down to the river down to the river out of a desire to drink as also when out of a desire to drink as also when out of a desire to drink as also when others fled away by troops others fled away by troops others fled away by troops the hebrews came round them and shot at the hebrews came round them and shot at the hebrews came round them and shot at them them them so that what with darts and what with so that what with darts and what with so that what with darts and what with arrows they made a slaughter of them arrows they made a slaughter of them arrows they made a slaughter of them all saihan their king was also slain all saihan their king was also slain all saihan their king was also slain so the hebrews spoiled the dead bodies so the hebrews spoiled the dead bodies so the hebrews spoiled the dead bodies and took their prey and took their prey and took their prey the land also which they took was full the land also which they took was full the land also which they took was full of abundance of fruits of abundance of fruits of abundance of fruits and the army went all over it without and the army went all over it without and the army went all over it without fear and fed their cattle upon it fear and fed their cattle upon it fear and fed their cattle upon it and they took the enemy's prisoners for and they took the enemy's prisoners for and they took the enemy's prisoners for they could no way put a stop to them they could no way put a stop to them they could no way put a stop to them since all the fighting men were since all the fighting men were since all the fighting men were destroyed such was the destruction which destroyed such was the destruction which destroyed such was the destruction which overtook the amorites overtook the amorites overtook the amorites who were neither sagacious in council who were neither sagacious in council who were neither sagacious in council nor courageous in action nor courageous in action nor courageous in action hereupon the hebrews took possession of hereupon the hebrews took possession of hereupon the hebrews took possession of their land which is a country scituate their land which is a country scituate their land which is a country scituate between three rivers and naturally between three rivers and naturally between three rivers and naturally resembled an island resembled an island resembled an island the river arnon being its southern the the river arnon being its southern the the river arnon being its southern the river jaboc river jaboc river jaboc determining its northern side which determining its northern side which determining its northern side which running into jordan running into jordan running into jordan loses its own name and takes the other loses its own name and takes the other loses its own name and takes the other while jordan itself runs along by it while jordan itself runs along by it while jordan itself runs along by it on its western coast when matters were on its western coast when matters were on its western coast when matters were come to this state come to this state come to this state ag the king of gilead and golinitis

ag the king of gilead and golinitis ag the king of gilead and golinitis fell upon the israelites he brought an fell upon the israelites he brought an fell upon the israelites he brought an army with him army with him army with him and in haste to the assistance of his and in haste to the assistance of his and in haste to the assistance of his friend saihan friend saihan friend saihan but though he found him already slain but though he found him already slain but though he found him already slain yet did he resolve still to come and yet did he resolve still to come and yet did he resolve still to come and fight the hebrews fight the hebrews fight the hebrews supposing he should be too hard for them supposing he should be too hard for them supposing he should be too hard for them and being desirous to try their valor and being desirous to try their valor and being desirous to try their valor but failing of his hope he was both but failing of his hope he was both but failing of his hope he was both himself slain in the battle himself slain in the battle himself slain in the battle and all his army was destroyed so moses and all his army was destroyed so moses and all his army was destroyed so moses passed over the river jaboc and overran passed over the river jaboc and overran passed over the river jaboc and overran the kingdom of odd the kingdom of odd the kingdom of odd he overthrew their cities and slew all he overthrew their cities and slew all he overthrew their cities and slew all their inhabitants their inhabitants their inhabitants who yet exceeded enriches all the men in who yet exceeded enriches all the men in who yet exceeded enriches all the men in that part of the continent that part of the continent that part of the continent on account of the goodness of the soil on account of the goodness of the soil on account of the goodness of the soil and the great quantity of their wealth and the great quantity of their wealth and the great quantity of their wealth now ogg had very few equals either in now ogg had very few equals either in now ogg had very few equals either in the largeness of his body the largeness of his body the largeness of his body or handsomeness of his appearance he was or handsomeness of his appearance he was or handsomeness of his appearance he was also a man of great activity in the use also a man of great activity in the use also a man of great activity in the use of his hands of his hands of his hands so that his actions were not unequal to so that his actions were not unequal to so that his actions were not unequal to the vast largeness and handsome the vast largeness and handsome the vast largeness and handsome appearance of his body appearance of his body appearance of his body and men could easily guess at his and men could easily guess at his and men could easily guess at his strength and magnitude strength and magnitude strength and magnitude when they took his bed at rabbith the when they took his bed at rabbith the when they took his bed at rabbith the royal city of the ammonites royal city of the ammonites royal city of the ammonites its structure was of iron its breadth its structure was of iron its breadth its structure was of iron its breadth four cubits four cubits four cubits and its length a cubit more than double and its length a cubit more than double and its length a cubit more than double there too there too there too however his fault did not only improve however his fault did not only improve however his fault did not only improve the circumstances of the hebrews for the the circumstances of the hebrews for the the circumstances of the hebrews for the present present present but by his death he was the occasion of but by his death he was the occasion of but by his death he was the occasion of further good success to them further good success to them further good success to them for they presently took those 60 cities for they presently took those 60 cities for they presently took those 60 cities which were encompassed with excellent which were encompassed with excellent which were encompassed with excellent walls walls walls and had been subject to him and all got

and had been subject to him and all got and had been subject to him and all got both in general both in general both in general and in particular a great prey and in particular a great prey and in particular a great prey chapter 6 concerning balaam the prophet chapter 6 concerning balaam the prophet chapter 6 concerning balaam the prophet and what kind of man he was and what kind of man he was and what kind of man he was now moses when he had brought his army now moses when he had brought his army now moses when he had brought his army to jordan to jordan to jordan pitched his camp in the great plain over pitched his camp in the great plain over pitched his camp in the great plain over against jericho against jericho against jericho this city is a very happy situation and this city is a very happy situation and this city is a very happy situation and very fit for producing palm trees and very fit for producing palm trees and very fit for producing palm trees and balsam balsam balsam and now the israelites began to be very and now the israelites began to be very and now the israelites began to be very proud of themselves proud of themselves proud of themselves and were very eager for fighting moses and were very eager for fighting moses and were very eager for fighting moses then after he had offered for a few days then after he had offered for a few days then after he had offered for a few days sacrifices of thanksgiving to god and sacrifices of thanksgiving to god and sacrifices of thanksgiving to god and feasted the people feasted the people feasted the people sent a party of armed men till they sent a party of armed men till they sent a party of armed men till they waste the country of the midianites waste the country of the midianites waste the country of the midianites and to take their cities now the and to take their cities now the and to take their cities now the occasion which he took for making war occasion which he took for making war occasion which he took for making war upon them was this that follows upon them was this that follows upon them was this that follows when balak the king of the moabites who when balak the king of the moabites who when balak the king of the moabites who had from his ancestors of friendship and had from his ancestors of friendship and had from his ancestors of friendship and league with the midianites league with the midianites league with the midianites saw how great the israelites were grown saw how great the israelites were grown saw how great the israelites were grown he was much afraid he was much afraid he was much afraid on account of his own and his kingdom's on account of his own and his kingdom's on account of his own and his kingdom's danger danger danger for he was not acquainted with this that for he was not acquainted with this that for he was not acquainted with this that the hebrews would not meddle with any the hebrews would not meddle with any the hebrews would not meddle with any other country other country other country but were to be contented with the but were to be contented with the but were to be contented with the possession of the land of canaan possession of the land of canaan possession of the land of canaan god having forbidden them to go any god having forbidden them to go any god having forbidden them to go any farther farther farther so he with more haste than wisdom so he with more haste than wisdom so he with more haste than wisdom resolved to make an attempt upon them by resolved to make an attempt upon them by resolved to make an attempt upon them by words words words but he did not judge it prudent to fight but he did not judge it prudent to fight but he did not judge it prudent to fight against them against them against them after they had such prosperous successes after they had such prosperous successes after they had such prosperous successes and even became out of ill successes and even became out of ill successes and even became out of ill successes more happy than before but he thought to

more happy than before but he thought to more happy than before but he thought to hinder them if he could from growing hinder them if he could from growing hinder them if he could from growing greater greater greater and so he resolved to send ambassadors and so he resolved to send ambassadors and so he resolved to send ambassadors to the midianites about them to the midianites about them to the midianites about them now these midianites knowing there was now these midianites knowing there was now these midianites knowing there was one balaam one balaam one balaam who lived by euphrates and was the who lived by euphrates and was the who lived by euphrates and was the greatest of the prophets at that time greatest of the prophets at that time greatest of the prophets at that time and one that was in friendship with them and one that was in friendship with them and one that was in friendship with them sent some of their honorable princes sent some of their honorable princes sent some of their honorable princes along with the ambassadors of balak to along with the ambassadors of balak to along with the ambassadors of balak to entreat the prophet to come to them entreat the prophet to come to them entreat the prophet to come to them that he might imprecate curses to the that he might imprecate curses to the that he might imprecate curses to the destruction of the israelites destruction of the israelites destruction of the israelites so balaam received the ambassadors and so balaam received the ambassadors and so balaam received the ambassadors and treated them very kindly treated them very kindly treated them very kindly and when he had he inquired what was and when he had he inquired what was and when he had he inquired what was god's will god's will god's will and what this matter was for which the and what this matter was for which the and what this matter was for which the midianites entreated him to come to them midianites entreated him to come to them midianites entreated him to come to them but when god opposed his going he came but when god opposed his going he came but when god opposed his going he came to the ambassadors and told them that he to the ambassadors and told them that he to the ambassadors and told them that he was himself very willing and desirous to was himself very willing and desirous to was himself very willing and desirous to comply with their request comply with their request comply with their request but informed them that god was opposite but informed them that god was opposite but informed them that god was opposite to his intentions to his intentions to his intentions even that god who had raised him to even that god who had raised him to even that god who had raised him to great reputation great reputation great reputation on account of the truth of his on account of the truth of his on account of the truth of his predictions for that this army predictions for that this army predictions for that this army which they entreated him to come and which they entreated him to come and which they entreated him to come and curse was in the favor of god curse was in the favor of god curse was in the favor of god on which account he advised them to go on which account he advised them to go on which account he advised them to go home again home again home again and not to persist in their enmity and not to persist in their enmity and not to persist in their enmity against the israelites against the israelites against the israelites and when he had given them that answer and when he had given them that answer and when he had given them that answer he dismissed the ambassadors he dismissed the ambassadors he dismissed the ambassadors now the midianites at the earnest now the midianites at the earnest now the midianites at the earnest request and fervent entreaties of balak request and fervent entreaties of balak request and fervent entreaties of balak sent other ambassadors to balaam who sent other ambassadors to balaam who sent other ambassadors to balaam who desiring to gratify the men desiring to gratify the men desiring to gratify the men inquired again of god but he was

inquired again of god but he was inquired again of god but he was displeased at second trial displeased at second trial displeased at second trial and bid him by no means to contradict and bid him by no means to contradict and bid him by no means to contradict the ambassadors the ambassadors the ambassadors now balaam did not imagine that god gave now balaam did not imagine that god gave now balaam did not imagine that god gave this injunction this injunction this injunction in order to deceive him so he went along in order to deceive him so he went along in order to deceive him so he went along with the ambassadors with the ambassadors with the ambassadors but when the divine angel met him in the but when the divine angel met him in the but when the divine angel met him in the way when he was in a narrow passage and way when he was in a narrow passage and way when he was in a narrow passage and hedged in with a wall on both sides hedged in with a wall on both sides hedged in with a wall on both sides the ass on which balaam rode understood the ass on which balaam rode understood the ass on which balaam rode understood that it was a divine spirit that met him that it was a divine spirit that met him that it was a divine spirit that met him and thrust balaam to one of the walls and thrust balaam to one of the walls and thrust balaam to one of the walls without regard to the stripes which without regard to the stripes which without regard to the stripes which balaam balaam balaam when he was hurt by the wall gave her when he was hurt by the wall gave her when he was hurt by the wall gave her but when the ass but when the ass but when the ass upon the angels continuing to distress upon the angels continuing to distress upon the angels continuing to distress her and upon the stripes which were her and upon the stripes which were her and upon the stripes which were given her given her given her fell down by the will of god she made fell down by the will of god she made fell down by the will of god she made use of the voice of use of the voice of use of the voice of a man which complained of balaam as a man which complained of balaam as a man which complained of balaam as acting unjustly to her acting unjustly to her acting unjustly to her that whereas he had no fault to find that whereas he had no fault to find that whereas he had no fault to find with her in her former service to him with her in her former service to him with her in her former service to him he now inflicted stripes upon her as not he now inflicted stripes upon her as not he now inflicted stripes upon her as not understanding that she was hindered from understanding that she was hindered from understanding that she was hindered from serving him serving him serving him in what he was now going about by the in what he was now going about by the in what he was now going about by the providence of god providence of god providence of god and when he was disturbed by reason of and when he was disturbed by reason of and when he was disturbed by reason of the voice of the ass the voice of the ass the voice of the ass which was that of a man the angel which was that of a man the angel which was that of a man the angel plainly appeared to him plainly appeared to him plainly appeared to him and blamed him for the stripes he had and blamed him for the stripes he had and blamed him for the stripes he had given his ass given his ass given his ass and informed him that the brute creature and informed him that the brute creature and informed him that the brute creature was not in fault was not in fault was not in fault but that he was himself come to obstruct but that he was himself come to obstruct but that he was himself come to obstruct his journey his journey his journey as being contrary to the will of god as being contrary to the will of god as being contrary to the will of god upon which balaam was afraid upon which balaam was afraid upon which balaam was afraid and was preparing to turn back again yet and was preparing to turn back again yet and was preparing to turn back again yet did god excite him to go on his intended did god excite him to go on his intended did god excite him to go on his intended journey

journey journey but added this injunction that he should but added this injunction that he should but added this injunction that he should declare nothing but what he himself declare nothing but what he himself declare nothing but what he himself should suggest to his mind should suggest to his mind should suggest to his mind when god had given him this charge he when god had given him this charge he when god had given him this charge he came to balak came to balak came to balak and when the king had entertained him in and when the king had entertained him in and when the king had entertained him in a magnificent manner a magnificent manner a magnificent manner he desired him to go to one of the he desired him to go to one of the he desired him to go to one of the mountains to take a view of the state of mountains to take a view of the state of mountains to take a view of the state of the camp of the hebrews the camp of the hebrews the camp of the hebrews balak himself also came to the mountain balak himself also came to the mountain balak himself also came to the mountain and brought the prophet along with him and brought the prophet along with him and brought the prophet along with him with a royal attendance with a royal attendance with a royal attendance this mountain lay over their heads and this mountain lay over their heads and this mountain lay over their heads and was distant 60 furlongs from the camp was distant 60 furlongs from the camp was distant 60 furlongs from the camp now when he saw them he desired the king now when he saw them he desired the king now when he saw them he desired the king to build him seven altars and to bring to build him seven altars and to bring to build him seven altars and to bring him as many bulls and rams him as many bulls and rams him as many bulls and rams to which desire the king did presently to which desire the king did presently to which desire the king did presently conform conform conform he then slew the sacrifices and offered he then slew the sacrifices and offered he then slew the sacrifices and offered them as burnt offerings them as burnt offerings them as burnt offerings that he might observe some signal of the that he might observe some signal of the that he might observe some signal of the flight of the hebrews flight of the hebrews flight of the hebrews then said he quote happy is this people then said he quote happy is this people then said he quote happy is this people on whom god bestows the possession of on whom god bestows the possession of on whom god bestows the possession of innumerable good things innumerable good things innumerable good things and grants them his own providence to be and grants them his own providence to be and grants them his own providence to be their assistant and their guide their assistant and their guide their assistant and their guide so that there is not any nation among so that there is not any nation among so that there is not any nation among mankind but you will be esteemed mankind but you will be esteemed mankind but you will be esteemed superior to them in virtue superior to them in virtue superior to them in virtue and in the earnest prosecution of the and in the earnest prosecution of the and in the earnest prosecution of the best rules of life best rules of life best rules of life and of such as are pure from wickedness and of such as are pure from wickedness and of such as are pure from wickedness and will leave those rules to your and will leave those rules to your and will leave those rules to your excellent children excellent children excellent children and this out of the regard that god and this out of the regard that god and this out of the regard that god bears to you and the provision of such bears to you and the provision of such bears to you and the provision of such things for you as may render you happier things for you as may render you happier things for you as may render you happier than any other people under the sun you than any other people under the sun you than any other people under the sun you shall retain that land shall retain that land shall retain that land to which he hath sent you and it shall

to which he hath sent you and it shall to which he hath sent you and it shall ever be under the command of your ever be under the command of your ever be under the command of your children children children and both all the earth as well as the and both all the earth as well as the and both all the earth as well as the seas shall be filled with your glory seas shall be filled with your glory seas shall be filled with your glory and you shall be sufficiently numerous and you shall be sufficiently numerous and you shall be sufficiently numerous to supply the world in general to supply the world in general to supply the world in general and every region of it in particular and every region of it in particular and every region of it in particular with inhabitants out of your stock with inhabitants out of your stock with inhabitants out of your stock however o blessed army wonder that you however o blessed army wonder that you however o blessed army wonder that you are become are become are become so many from one father and truly the so many from one father and truly the so many from one father and truly the land of canaan can now hold you land of canaan can now hold you land of canaan can now hold you as being yet comparatively few but know as being yet comparatively few but know as being yet comparatively few but know ye that the whole world is proposed to ye that the whole world is proposed to ye that the whole world is proposed to be your place of habitation forever be your place of habitation forever be your place of habitation forever the multitude of your posterity also the multitude of your posterity also the multitude of your posterity also shall live as well in the islands as on shall live as well in the islands as on shall live as well in the islands as on the continent the continent the continent and that more in number than are the and that more in number than are the and that more in number than are the stars of heaven stars of heaven stars of heaven and when you are become so many god will and when you are become so many god will and when you are become so many god will not relinquish the care of you not relinquish the care of you not relinquish the care of you but will afford you an abundance of all but will afford you an abundance of all but will afford you an abundance of all good things in times of peace good things in times of peace good things in times of peace with victory and dominion in times of with victory and dominion in times of with victory and dominion in times of war war war may the children of your enemies have an may the children of your enemies have an may the children of your enemies have an inclination to fight against you inclination to fight against you inclination to fight against you and may they be so hardy as to come to and may they be so hardy as to come to and may they be so hardy as to come to arms and to assault you in battle arms and to assault you in battle arms and to assault you in battle for they will not return with victory for they will not return with victory for they will not return with victory nor will their return be agreeable to nor will their return be agreeable to nor will their return be agreeable to their children and wives their children and wives their children and wives to sow great a degree of valor will you to sow great a degree of valor will you to sow great a degree of valor will you be raised by the providence of god be raised by the providence of god be raised by the providence of god who is able to diminish the affluence of who is able to diminish the affluence of who is able to diminish the affluence of some and to supply the wants of others some and to supply the wants of others some and to supply the wants of others end quote thus did balaam speak by end quote thus did balaam speak by end quote thus did balaam speak by inspiration as not being in his own inspiration as not being in his own inspiration as not being in his own power power power but moved to say what he did by the but moved to say what he did by the but moved to say what he did by the divine spirit

divine spirit divine spirit but then balak was displeased and said but then balak was displeased and said but then balak was displeased and said that he had broken the contract he had that he had broken the contract he had that he had broken the contract he had made made made whereby he was to come as he and his whereby he was to come as he and his whereby he was to come as he and his confederates had invited him confederates had invited him confederates had invited him by the promise of great presence for by the promise of great presence for by the promise of great presence for whereas he came to curse their enemies whereas he came to curse their enemies whereas he came to curse their enemies he had made an encomium upon them and he had made an encomium upon them and he had made an encomium upon them and had declared that they were the happiest had declared that they were the happiest had declared that they were the happiest of men of men of men to which balaam replied o balak if thou to which balaam replied o balak if thou to which balaam replied o balak if thou rightly consider us this whole matter rightly consider us this whole matter rightly consider us this whole matter canst thou canst thou canst thou suppose that it is in our power to be suppose that it is in our power to be suppose that it is in our power to be silent or to say anything when the silent or to say anything when the silent or to say anything when the spirit of god ceases upon us spirit of god ceases upon us spirit of god ceases upon us for he put such words as he pleases in for he put such words as he pleases in for he put such words as he pleases in our mouths our mouths our mouths and such discourses as we are not and such discourses as we are not and such discourses as we are not ourselves conscious of ourselves conscious of ourselves conscious of i well remember by what entreaties both i well remember by what entreaties both i well remember by what entreaties both you and the midianites so joyfully you and the midianites so joyfully you and the midianites so joyfully brought me hither brought me hither brought me hither and on that account i took this journey and on that account i took this journey and on that account i took this journey it was my it was my it was my prayer that i might not put any affront prayer that i might not put any affront prayer that i might not put any affront upon you upon you upon you as to what you desired of me but god is as to what you desired of me but god is as to what you desired of me but god is more powerful than the purposes i had more powerful than the purposes i had more powerful than the purposes i had made to serve you made to serve you made to serve you for those that take upon them to for those that take upon them to for those that take upon them to foretell the affairs of mankind as from foretell the affairs of mankind as from foretell the affairs of mankind as from their own their own their own abilities are entirely unable to do it abilities are entirely unable to do it abilities are entirely unable to do it or to forbear to utter what god suggests or to forbear to utter what god suggests or to forbear to utter what god suggests to them to them to them or to offer violence to his will for or to offer violence to his will for or to offer violence to his will for when he prevents us when he prevents us when he prevents us and enters into us nothing that we say and enters into us nothing that we say and enters into us nothing that we say is our own is our own is our own i then did not intend to praise this i then did not intend to praise this i then did not intend to praise this army nor to go over the several good army nor to go over the several good army nor to go over the several good things which god intended to do things which god intended to do things which god intended to do to their race but since he was so to their race but since he was so to their race but since he was so favorable to them favorable to them favorable to them and so ready to bestow upon them a happy

and so ready to bestow upon them a happy and so ready to bestow upon them a happy life and eternal life and eternal life and eternal glory he suggested the declaration of glory he suggested the declaration of glory he suggested the declaration of those things to me those things to me those things to me but now because it is my desire to but now because it is my desire to but now because it is my desire to oblige thee myself as well as the oblige thee myself as well as the oblige thee myself as well as the midianites midianites midianites whose entreaties it is not decent for me whose entreaties it is not decent for me whose entreaties it is not decent for me to reject to reject to reject go to let us again rear other altars go to let us again rear other altars go to let us again rear other altars and offer the like sacrifices that we and offer the like sacrifices that we and offer the like sacrifices that we did before did before did before that i may see whether i can persuade that i may see whether i can persuade that i may see whether i can persuade god to permit me to bind these men with god to permit me to bind these men with god to permit me to bind these men with curses curses curses which when balak had agreed to god would which when balak had agreed to god would which when balak had agreed to god would not not not even upon second sacrifices consent to even upon second sacrifices consent to even upon second sacrifices consent to his cursing the israelites his cursing the israelites his cursing the israelites then fell balaam upon his face and then fell balaam upon his face and then fell balaam upon his face and foretold what calamities would befall foretold what calamities would befall foretold what calamities would befall the several kings of the nations the several kings of the nations the several kings of the nations and the most eminent cities some of and the most eminent cities some of and the most eminent cities some of which of old were not so much as which of old were not so much as which of old were not so much as inhabited inhabited inhabited which events have come to pass among the which events have come to pass among the which events have come to pass among the several people concerned several people concerned several people concerned both in the foregoing ages and in this both in the foregoing ages and in this both in the foregoing ages and in this till my own memory till my own memory till my own memory both by sea and by land from which both by sea and by land from which both by sea and by land from which completion of all these predictions that completion of all these predictions that completion of all these predictions that he made he made he made one may easily guess that the rest will one may easily guess that the rest will one may easily guess that the rest will have their completion in time to come have their completion in time to come have their completion in time to come but balak being very angry that the but balak being very angry that the but balak being very angry that the israelites were not cursed israelites were not cursed israelites were not cursed sent away balaam without thinking him sent away balaam without thinking him sent away balaam without thinking him worthy of any honor worthy of any honor worthy of any honor whereupon when he was just upon his whereupon when he was just upon his whereupon when he was just upon his journey in order to pass the euphrates journey in order to pass the euphrates journey in order to pass the euphrates he sent for balak and for the princes of he sent for balak and for the princes of he sent for balak and for the princes of the midianites and spake thus to them the midianites and spake thus to them the midianites and spake thus to them o balak and you midianites that are here o balak and you midianites that are here o balak and you midianites that are here present present present for i am obliged even without the will

for i am obliged even without the will for i am obliged even without the will of god to gratify you of god to gratify you of god to gratify you it is true no entire destruction can it is true no entire destruction can it is true no entire destruction can cease upon the nation of the hebrews cease upon the nation of the hebrews cease upon the nation of the hebrews neither by war nor by plague nor by neither by war nor by plague nor by neither by war nor by plague nor by scarcity of the fruits of the earth scarcity of the fruits of the earth scarcity of the fruits of the earth nor can any other unexpected accident be nor can any other unexpected accident be nor can any other unexpected accident be their entire ruin their entire ruin their entire ruin for the providence of god is concerned for the providence of god is concerned for the providence of god is concerned to preserve them from such a misfortune to preserve them from such a misfortune to preserve them from such a misfortune nor will it permit any such calamity to nor will it permit any such calamity to nor will it permit any such calamity to come upon them come upon them come upon them whereby they may all perish but some whereby they may all perish but some whereby they may all perish but some small misfortunes and those for a short small misfortunes and those for a short small misfortunes and those for a short time time time whereby they may appear to be brought whereby they may appear to be brought whereby they may appear to be brought low may still befall them low may still befall them low may still befall them but after that they will flourish again but after that they will flourish again but after that they will flourish again to the terror of those that brought to the terror of those that brought to the terror of those that brought those mischiefs upon them those mischiefs upon them those mischiefs upon them so that if you have a mind to gain the so that if you have a mind to gain the so that if you have a mind to gain the victory over them for a short space of victory over them for a short space of victory over them for a short space of time time time you will obtain it by following my you will obtain it by following my you will obtain it by following my directions directions directions do you therefore set out the do you therefore set out the do you therefore set out the handsomeness of such of your daughters handsomeness of such of your daughters handsomeness of such of your daughters as our most eminent for beauty and as our most eminent for beauty and as our most eminent for beauty and proper to force and conquer the modesty proper to force and conquer the modesty proper to force and conquer the modesty of those that behold them of those that behold them of those that behold them and these decked and trimmed to the and these decked and trimmed to the and these decked and trimmed to the highest degree abel highest degree abel highest degree abel then do you send them to be near a camp then do you send them to be near a camp then do you send them to be near a camp and give them in charge that the young and give them in charge that the young and give them in charge that the young men of the hebrews desire there alloweth men of the hebrews desire there alloweth men of the hebrews desire there alloweth them them them and when they see they are enamored of and when they see they are enamored of and when they see they are enamored of them let them take leaves them let them take leaves them let them take leaves and if they entreat them to stay let and if they entreat them to stay let and if they entreat them to stay let give their consent till they have give their consent till they have give their consent till they have persuaded leave of their obedience to persuaded leave of their obedience to persuaded leave of their obedience to their own laws their own laws their own laws the worship of that god who established the worship of that god who established the worship of that god who established them to worship the gods of the them to worship the gods of the them to worship the gods of the midianites midianites midianites and for by this means god will be angry and for by this means god will be angry and for by this means god will be angry at them

at them at them accordingly when balaam had suggested accordingly when balaam had suggested accordingly when balaam had suggested counsel to them counsel to them counsel to them he went his way so when the midianites he went his way so when the midianites he went his way so when the midianites had sent their daughters had sent their daughters had sent their daughters as balaam had exhorted them the hebrew as balaam had exhorted them the hebrew as balaam had exhorted them the hebrew men were allured by their beauty men were allured by their beauty men were allured by their beauty and came with them and besought them not and came with them and besought them not and came with them and besought them not to grudge them the enjoyment of their to grudge them the enjoyment of their to grudge them the enjoyment of their beauty beauty beauty nor to deny them their conversation nor to deny them their conversation nor to deny them their conversation these daughters of midianites received these daughters of midianites received these daughters of midianites received their words gladly their words gladly their words gladly and consented to it and stayed with them and consented to it and stayed with them and consented to it and stayed with them but when they brought them to be but when they brought them to be but when they brought them to be enamored of them enamored of them enamored of them and their inclinations to them were and their inclinations to them were and their inclinations to them were grown to ripeness grown to ripeness grown to ripeness they began to think of departing from they began to think of departing from they began to think of departing from them than it was them than it was them than it was that these men became greatly that these men became greatly that these men became greatly disconsolate at the women's departure disconsolate at the women's departure disconsolate at the women's departure and they were urgent with them not to and they were urgent with them not to and they were urgent with them not to leave them but begged they would leave them but begged they would leave them but begged they would continue there and become continue there and become continue there and become their wives and they promised them they their wives and they promised them they their wives and they promised them they should be owned as mistresses should be owned as mistresses should be owned as mistresses all they had this they said with an oath all they had this they said with an oath all they had this they said with an oath and called god for the arbitrator of and called god for the arbitrator of and called god for the arbitrator of what they promised what they promised what they promised and this with tears in their eyes and and this with tears in their eyes and and this with tears in their eyes and all such marks of concern all such marks of concern all such marks of concern as might show how miserable they thought as might show how miserable they thought as might show how miserable they thought themselves without them themselves without them themselves without them and so might move their compassion for and so might move their compassion for and so might move their compassion for them them them so the women as soon as they perceived so the women as soon as they perceived so the women as soon as they perceived they had made their slaves they had made their slaves they had made their slaves and had caught them with their and had caught them with their and had caught them with their conversation began to speak conversation began to speak conversation began to speak thus to them oh you illustrious young thus to them oh you illustrious young thus to them oh you illustrious young men men men we have of our own at home and great we have of our own at home and great we have of our own at home and great plenty of good things there plenty of good things there plenty of good things there together with the natural affectionate together with the natural affectionate together with the natural affectionate parents and friends parents and friends parents and friends nor is it out of our want of any such nor is it out of our want of any such nor is it out of our want of any such things that we come to discourse with things that we come to discourse with things that we come to discourse with you

you you nor did we admit of your invitation with nor did we admit of your invitation with nor did we admit of your invitation with designed to prostitute the beauty of our designed to prostitute the beauty of our designed to prostitute the beauty of our bodies for gain bodies for gain bodies for gain but taking you for brave and worthy men but taking you for brave and worthy men but taking you for brave and worthy men we agreed we agreed we agreed to your request that we might treat you to your request that we might treat you to your request that we might treat you with such honors as hospitality required with such honors as hospitality required with such honors as hospitality required and now seeing you say that you have a and now seeing you say that you have a and now seeing you say that you have a great affection for us great affection for us great affection for us and are troubled when you think we are and are troubled when you think we are and are troubled when you think we are departing we are not averse to your departing we are not averse to your departing we are not averse to your entreaties entreaties entreaties and if we may receive such assurance of and if we may receive such assurance of and if we may receive such assurance of your good will your good will your good will as we think can be alone sufficient we as we think can be alone sufficient we as we think can be alone sufficient we will be glad to lead our lives with you will be glad to lead our lives with you will be glad to lead our lives with you as your wives but we are afraid that you as your wives but we are afraid that you as your wives but we are afraid that you will in time be weary of our company will in time be weary of our company will in time be weary of our company and will then abuse us and send us back and will then abuse us and send us back and will then abuse us and send us back to our parents after an ignominious to our parents after an ignominious to our parents after an ignominious manner manner manner and they desired that they would excuse and they desired that they would excuse and they desired that they would excuse them in their guarding against that them in their guarding against that them in their guarding against that danger danger danger but the young men professed they would but the young men professed they would but the young men professed they would give them any assurance they should give them any assurance they should give them any assurance they should desire desire desire nor did they at all contradict what they nor did they at all contradict what they nor did they at all contradict what they requested requested requested so great was the passion they had for so great was the passion they had for so great was the passion they had for them them them if then said they this be your if then said they this be your if then said they this be your resolution resolution resolution since you make use of such customs and since you make use of such customs and since you make use of such customs and conduct of life as are entirely conduct of life as are entirely conduct of life as are entirely different from all other men different from all other men different from all other men in so much that your kinds of food are in so much that your kinds of food are in so much that your kinds of food are peculiar to yourselves peculiar to yourselves peculiar to yourselves and your kinds of drink not common to and your kinds of drink not common to and your kinds of drink not common to others it will be absolutely necessary others it will be absolutely necessary others it will be absolutely necessary if you should have us for your wives if you should have us for your wives if you should have us for your wives that you do with all worship that you do with all worship that you do with all worship our gods nor can there be any other our gods nor can there be any other our gods nor can there be any other demonstration of the kindness which you demonstration of the kindness which you demonstration of the kindness which you say you already have say you already have say you already have and promise to have hereafter to us than

and promise to have hereafter to us than and promise to have hereafter to us than this this this that you worship the same gods that we that you worship the same gods that we that you worship the same gods that we do do do for has any one reason to complain that for has any one reason to complain that for has any one reason to complain that now you are come into this country now you are come into this country now you are come into this country you should worship the proper gods of you should worship the proper gods of you should worship the proper gods of the same country the same country the same country especially while our gods are common to especially while our gods are common to especially while our gods are common to all men all men all men and yours such as belong to nobody else and yours such as belong to nobody else and yours such as belong to nobody else but yourselves but yourselves but yourselves so they said they must either come into so they said they must either come into so they said they must either come into such methods of divine worship as such methods of divine worship as such methods of divine worship as all others came into or else they must all others came into or else they must all others came into or else they must look out for another world look out for another world look out for another world wherein they may live by themselves wherein they may live by themselves wherein they may live by themselves according to their own laws according to their own laws according to their own laws now the young men were induced by the now the young men were induced by the now the young men were induced by the fondness they had for these women to fondness they had for these women to fondness they had for these women to think they spake very well think they spake very well think they spake very well so they gave themselves up to what they so they gave themselves up to what they so they gave themselves up to what they persuaded them persuaded them persuaded them and transgressed their own laws and and transgressed their own laws and and transgressed their own laws and supposing there were many gods and supposing there were many gods and supposing there were many gods and resolving that they would sacrifice to resolving that they would sacrifice to resolving that they would sacrifice to them according to the laws of that them according to the laws of that them according to the laws of that country which ordained them country which ordained them country which ordained them they both were delighted with their they both were delighted with their they both were delighted with their strange food and went on to do strange food and went on to do strange food and went on to do everything that the women would have everything that the women would have everything that the women would have them do them do them do though in contradiction to their own though in contradiction to their own though in contradiction to their own laws laws laws so far indeed that this transgression so far indeed that this transgression so far indeed that this transgression was already gone through the whole army was already gone through the whole army was already gone through the whole army of the young men of the young men of the young men and they fell into a sedition that was and they fell into a sedition that was and they fell into a sedition that was much worse than the former much worse than the former much worse than the former and into danger of the entire abolition and into danger of the entire abolition and into danger of the entire abolition of their own institutions of their own institutions of their own institutions for when once the youth had tasted of for when once the youth had tasted of for when once the youth had tasted of these strange customs these strange customs these strange customs they went with insatiable inclinations they went with insatiable inclinations they went with insatiable inclinations into them into them into them and even where some of the principal men and even where some of the principal men and even where some of the principal men were illustrious on account of the were illustrious on account of the were illustrious on account of the virtues of their fathers virtues of their fathers virtues of their fathers they also were corrupted together with they also were corrupted together with they also were corrupted together with the rest

the rest the rest even zimri the head of the tribe of even zimri the head of the tribe of even zimri the head of the tribe of simeon accompanied with cosby simeon accompanied with cosby simeon accompanied with cosby a midianitish woman who was the daughter a midianitish woman who was the daughter a midianitish woman who was the daughter of sir of sir of sir a man of authority in that country and a man of authority in that country and a man of authority in that country and being desired by his wife to disregard being desired by his wife to disregard being desired by his wife to disregard the laws of moses the laws of moses the laws of moses and to follow those she was used to he and to follow those she was used to he and to follow those she was used to he complied with her complied with her complied with her and this both by sacrificing after a and this both by sacrificing after a and this both by sacrificing after a manner different from his own manner different from his own manner different from his own and by taking a stranger to wife when and by taking a stranger to wife when and by taking a stranger to wife when things were thus things were thus things were thus moses was afraid that matters should moses was afraid that matters should moses was afraid that matters should grow worse and called the people to a grow worse and called the people to a grow worse and called the people to a congregation congregation congregation but then accused nobody by name as but then accused nobody by name as but then accused nobody by name as unwilling to drive those into despair unwilling to drive those into despair unwilling to drive those into despair who who who by lying concealed might come to by lying concealed might come to by lying concealed might come to repentance repentance repentance but he said that they did not do what but he said that they did not do what but he said that they did not do what was either worthy of themselves or of was either worthy of themselves or of was either worthy of themselves or of their fathers their fathers their fathers by preferring pleasure to god and to the by preferring pleasure to god and to the by preferring pleasure to god and to the living according to his will living according to his will living according to his will that it was fit they should change their that it was fit they should change their that it was fit they should change their courses while their affairs were still courses while their affairs were still courses while their affairs were still in a good state in a good state in a good state and think that to be true fortitude and think that to be true fortitude and think that to be true fortitude which offers not violence to their laws which offers not violence to their laws which offers not violence to their laws but that which resists their losts and but that which resists their losts and but that which resists their losts and besides that besides that besides that he said it was not a reasonable thing he said it was not a reasonable thing he said it was not a reasonable thing when they had lived soberly in the when they had lived soberly in the when they had lived soberly in the wilderness wilderness wilderness to act madly now that they were in to act madly now that they were in to act madly now that they were in prosperity prosperity prosperity and that they ought not to lose now that and that they ought not to lose now that and that they ought not to lose now that they have abundance they have abundance they have abundance what they had gained when they had what they had gained when they had what they had gained when they had little and so did he endeavor by saying little and so did he endeavor by saying little and so did he endeavor by saying this this this to correct the young inert and to bring to correct the young inert and to bring to correct the young inert and to bring them to repentance for what they had them to repentance for what they had them to repentance for what they had done done done but zimri arose up after him and said

but zimri arose up after him and said but zimri arose up after him and said yes indeed moses thou art at liberty to yes indeed moses thou art at liberty to yes indeed moses thou art at liberty to make use of such laws as thou make use of such laws as thou make use of such laws as thou art so fond of and hast by accustoming art so fond of and hast by accustoming art so fond of and hast by accustoming thyself to them thyself to them thyself to them made them firm otherwise if things had made them firm otherwise if things had made them firm otherwise if things had not been thus not been thus not been thus thou hast often been punished before now thou hast often been punished before now thou hast often been punished before now and has known that the hebrews are not and has known that the hebrews are not and has known that the hebrews are not easily put upon easily put upon easily put upon but thou shalt not have me one of thy but thou shalt not have me one of thy but thou shalt not have me one of thy followers in thy tyrannical commands followers in thy tyrannical commands followers in thy tyrannical commands for thou dost nothing else hitherto but for thou dost nothing else hitherto but for thou dost nothing else hitherto but under pretense of laws and of god under pretense of laws and of god under pretense of laws and of god wickedly impose on us slavery and gain wickedly impose on us slavery and gain wickedly impose on us slavery and gain dominion to thyself dominion to thyself dominion to thyself while thou deprivest us of the sweetness while thou deprivest us of the sweetness while thou deprivest us of the sweetness of life of life of life which consists in acting according to which consists in acting according to which consists in acting according to our own wills our own wills our own wills and is the right of free men and of and is the right of free men and of and is the right of free men and of those that have no lord those that have no lord those that have no lord over them nay indeed this man is harder over them nay indeed this man is harder over them nay indeed this man is harder upon the hebrews than were the egyptians upon the hebrews than were the egyptians upon the hebrews than were the egyptians themselves themselves themselves as pretending to punish according to his as pretending to punish according to his as pretending to punish according to his laws laws laws everyone's acting what is most agreeable everyone's acting what is most agreeable everyone's acting what is most agreeable to himself to himself to himself but thou thyself better deserve us to but thou thyself better deserve us to but thou thyself better deserve us to suffer punishment suffer punishment suffer punishment who presume us to abolish what everyone who presume us to abolish what everyone who presume us to abolish what everyone acknowledges to be what is good for him acknowledges to be what is good for him acknowledges to be what is good for him and aim is to make thy single opinion to and aim is to make thy single opinion to and aim is to make thy single opinion to have more force than that of all the have more force than that of all the have more force than that of all the rest rest rest and what i now do and think to be right and what i now do and think to be right and what i now do and think to be right i shall not hereafter deny to be i shall not hereafter deny to be i shall not hereafter deny to be according to my own sentiments according to my own sentiments according to my own sentiments i have married as thou sayest rightly a i have married as thou sayest rightly a i have married as thou sayest rightly a strange woman strange woman strange woman and thou hearest what i do from myself and thou hearest what i do from myself and thou hearest what i do from myself as from one that is free as from one that is free as from one that is free for truly i do not intend to conceal

for truly i do not intend to conceal for truly i do not intend to conceal myself myself myself i also own that i sacrificed to those i also own that i sacrificed to those i also own that i sacrificed to those gods to whom you do not think it fit to gods to whom you do not think it fit to gods to whom you do not think it fit to sacrifice sacrifice sacrifice and i think it right to come at truth by and i think it right to come at truth by and i think it right to come at truth by inquiring of many people inquiring of many people inquiring of many people and not like one that lives under and not like one that lives under and not like one that lives under tyranny to suffer the whole hope of my tyranny to suffer the whole hope of my tyranny to suffer the whole hope of my life life life to depend upon one man nor shall anyone to depend upon one man nor shall anyone to depend upon one man nor shall anyone find cause to rejoice find cause to rejoice find cause to rejoice who declares himself to have more who declares himself to have more who declares himself to have more authority over my actions than myself authority over my actions than myself authority over my actions than myself now when zimri had said these things now when zimri had said these things now when zimri had said these things about what he and some about what he and some about what he and some others had wickedly done the people held others had wickedly done the people held others had wickedly done the people held their peace their peace their peace both out of fear of what might come upon both out of fear of what might come upon both out of fear of what might come upon them and because they saw that their them and because they saw that their them and because they saw that their legislator was not willing to bring his legislator was not willing to bring his legislator was not willing to bring his insolence before the public any further insolence before the public any further insolence before the public any further or openly to contend with him for he or openly to contend with him for he or openly to contend with him for he avoided that avoided that avoided that lest many should imitate the impedance lest many should imitate the impedance lest many should imitate the impedance of his language of his language of his language and thereby disturb the multitude upon and thereby disturb the multitude upon and thereby disturb the multitude upon this the assembly was dissolved this the assembly was dissolved this the assembly was dissolved however the mischievous attempt had however the mischievous attempt had however the mischievous attempt had proceeded further if zimri had not been proceeded further if zimri had not been proceeded further if zimri had not been first slain first slain first slain which came to pass on the following which came to pass on the following which came to pass on the following occasion occasion occasion phineas a man in other respects better phineas a man in other respects better phineas a man in other respects better than the rest of the young men than the rest of the young men than the rest of the young men and also one that surpassed his and also one that surpassed his and also one that surpassed his contemporaries in the dignity of his contemporaries in the dignity of his contemporaries in the dignity of his father father father for he was the son of eleazar the high for he was the son of eleazar the high for he was the son of eleazar the high priest and the grandson of aaron moses priest and the grandson of aaron moses priest and the grandson of aaron moses brother brother brother who was greatly troubled at what was who was greatly troubled at what was who was greatly troubled at what was done by zimri done by zimri done by zimri he resolved in earnest to inflict he resolved in earnest to inflict he resolved in earnest to inflict punishment on him punishment on him punishment on him before his unworthy behavior should grow before his unworthy behavior should grow before his unworthy behavior should grow stronger by impunity

stronger by impunity stronger by impunity and in order to prevent this and in order to prevent this and in order to prevent this transgression from proceeding further transgression from proceeding further transgression from proceeding further which would happen if the ringleaders which would happen if the ringleaders which would happen if the ringleaders were not punished were not punished were not punished he was of so great magnanimity both in he was of so great magnanimity both in he was of so great magnanimity both in strength of mind and body strength of mind and body strength of mind and body that when he undertook any very that when he undertook any very that when he undertook any very dangerous attempt he did not leave it dangerous attempt he did not leave it dangerous attempt he did not leave it off till he overcame it off till he overcame it off till he overcame it and got an entire victory so he came and got an entire victory so he came and got an entire victory so he came into zimmery's tent and slew him with into zimmery's tent and slew him with into zimmery's tent and slew him with his javelin his javelin his javelin and with it he slew cosby also and with it he slew cosby also and with it he slew cosby also upon which all those young men that had upon which all those young men that had upon which all those young men that had a regard to virtue a regard to virtue a regard to virtue and aimed to do a glorious action and aimed to do a glorious action and aimed to do a glorious action imitated phineas boldness imitated phineas boldness imitated phineas boldness and slew those that were found to be and slew those that were found to be and slew those that were found to be guilty of the same crime with zimri guilty of the same crime with zimri guilty of the same crime with zimri accordingly many of those that had accordingly many of those that had accordingly many of those that had transgressed perished by the magnanimous transgressed perished by the magnanimous transgressed perished by the magnanimous valor of those young men valor of those young men valor of those young men and the rest all perished by a plague and the rest all perished by a plague and the rest all perished by a plague which distemper god himself inflicted which distemper god himself inflicted which distemper god himself inflicted upon them upon them upon them so that all those their kindred who so that all those their kindred who so that all those their kindred who instead of hindering them from such instead of hindering them from such instead of hindering them from such wicked actions wicked actions wicked actions as they ought to have done had persuaded as they ought to have done had persuaded as they ought to have done had persuaded them to go on them to go on them to go on were esteemed by god as partners in were esteemed by god as partners in were esteemed by god as partners in their wickedness and died their wickedness and died their wickedness and died accordingly they're perished out of the accordingly they're perished out of the accordingly they're perished out of the army no fewer than 14 or army no fewer than 14 or army no fewer than 14 or 24 000 at this time 24 000 at this time 24 000 at this time this was the cause why moses was this was the cause why moses was this was the cause why moses was provoked to send an army to destroy the provoked to send an army to destroy the provoked to send an army to destroy the midianites midianites midianites concerning which expedition we shall concerning which expedition we shall concerning which expedition we shall speak presently speak presently speak presently when we have first related what we have when we have first related what we have when we have first related what we have omitted omitted omitted for it is but just not to pass over our for it is but just not to pass over our for it is but just not to pass over our legislators due in comium legislators due in comium legislators due in comium on account of his conduct here because

on account of his conduct here because on account of his conduct here because although this balaam who was sent for by although this balaam who was sent for by although this balaam who was sent for by the midianites to curse the hebrews the midianites to curse the hebrews the midianites to curse the hebrews and when he was hindered from doing it and when he was hindered from doing it and when he was hindered from doing it by divine providence by divine providence by divine providence did still suggest that advice to them by did still suggest that advice to them by did still suggest that advice to them by making use of which our enemies had well making use of which our enemies had well making use of which our enemies had well knight corrupted the whole multitude of knight corrupted the whole multitude of knight corrupted the whole multitude of the hebrews the hebrews the hebrews with their wiles till some of them were with their wiles till some of them were with their wiles till some of them were deeply infected with their opinions deeply infected with their opinions deeply infected with their opinions yet did he do him great honor by setting yet did he do him great honor by setting yet did he do him great honor by setting down his prophecies in writing down his prophecies in writing down his prophecies in writing and while it was in his power to claim and while it was in his power to claim and while it was in his power to claim this glory for himself this glory for himself this glory for himself and make men believe they were his own and make men believe they were his own and make men believe they were his own predictions predictions predictions there being no one that could be a there being no one that could be a there being no one that could be a witness against him and accuse him for witness against him and accuse him for witness against him and accuse him for so so so doing he still gave his attestation to doing he still gave his attestation to doing he still gave his attestation to him him him and did him the honor to make mention of and did him the honor to make mention of and did him the honor to make mention of him on this account him on this account him on this account but let everyone think of these matters but let everyone think of these matters but let everyone think of these matters as he pleases as he pleases as he pleases end of book 4 chapters five and six seven of the antiquities of the jews seven of the antiquities of the jews volume one volume one volume one this is a librivox recording all this is a librivox recording all this is a librivox recording all librivox recordings are in the public librivox recordings are in the public librivox recordings are in the public domain domain domain for more information or to volunteer for more information or to volunteer for more information or to volunteer please visit librivox.org please visit librivox.org please visit librivox.org recording by david reese thomas at www the antiquities of the jews volume one the antiquities of the jews volume one by flavius josephus by flavius josephus by flavius josephus translated by william whiston book four translated by william whiston book four translated by william whiston book four chapter seven chapter seven chapter seven chapter seven how the hebrews fought

chapter seven how the hebrews fought chapter seven how the hebrews fought with the midianites and overcame them with the midianites and overcame them with the midianites and overcame them now moses sent an army against the land now moses sent an army against the land now moses sent an army against the land of midian for the causes for mentioned of midian for the causes for mentioned of midian for the causes for mentioned in all twelve thousand taken an equal in all twelve thousand taken an equal in all twelve thousand taken an equal number out of every tribe number out of every tribe number out of every tribe and appointed phineas for their and appointed phineas for their and appointed phineas for their commander of which phineas we made commander of which phineas we made commander of which phineas we made mention a little before mention a little before mention a little before as he that had guarded the laws of the as he that had guarded the laws of the as he that had guarded the laws of the hebrews and had inflicted punishment on hebrews and had inflicted punishment on hebrews and had inflicted punishment on zimri zimri zimri when he had transgressed them now the when he had transgressed them now the when he had transgressed them now the midianites perceived beforehand how the midianites perceived beforehand how the midianites perceived beforehand how the hebrews were coming hebrews were coming hebrews were coming and would suddenly be upon them so they and would suddenly be upon them so they and would suddenly be upon them so they assembled their army together and assembled their army together and assembled their army together and fortified the entrances into their fortified the entrances into their fortified the entrances into their country country country and there awaited the enemies coming and there awaited the enemies coming and there awaited the enemies coming when they would come when they would come when they would come and they had joined battle with them an and they had joined battle with them an and they had joined battle with them an immense multitude of the midianites fell immense multitude of the midianites fell immense multitude of the midianites fell nor could they be numbered they were so nor could they be numbered they were so nor could they be numbered they were so very many and among them fell very many and among them fell very many and among them fell all their kings five in who was of the same name with the city who was of the same name with the city the chief and capital of all arabia the chief and capital of all arabia the chief and capital of all arabia which is still now so called by the which is still now so called by the which is still now so called by the whole arabian nation whole arabian nation whole arabian nation hurricane from the name of the king that hurricane from the name of the king that hurricane from the name of the king that built it but is by the greeks called built it but is by the greeks called built it but is by the greeks called petra now when the enemies were petra now when the enemies were petra now when the enemies were discomforted the hebrews spoiled the discomforted the hebrews spoiled the discomforted the hebrews spoiled the country country country and took a great prey and destroyed the and took a great prey and destroyed the and took a great prey and destroyed the men the words inhabitants men the words inhabitants men the words inhabitants together with the women only they left together with the women only they left together with the women only they left the virgins alone the virgins alone the virgins alone as moses had commanded phineas to do who as moses had commanded phineas to do who as moses had commanded phineas to do who indeed came back indeed came back indeed came back bringing with him an army that had bringing with him an army that had bringing with him an army that had received no harm and a great deal of received no harm and a great deal of received no harm and a great deal of prey prey prey fifty two thousand beaves seventy five fifty two thousand beaves seventy five fifty two thousand beaves seventy five thousand thousand thousand six hundred sheep sixty thousand asses six hundred sheep sixty thousand asses six hundred sheep sixty thousand asses with an immense quantity of gold and with an immense quantity of gold and with an immense quantity of gold and silver furniture silver furniture silver furniture which the midianites made use of in which the midianites made use of in which the midianites made use of in their houses for they were so very

their houses for they were so very their houses for they were so very wealthy that they were very luxurious wealthy that they were very luxurious wealthy that they were very luxurious they were also led captive about 32 000 they were also led captive about 32 000 they were also led captive about 32 000 virgins virgins virgins so moses parted the prey into parts and so moses parted the prey into parts and so moses parted the prey into parts and gave one fiftieth part to eliza and the gave one fiftieth part to eliza and the gave one fiftieth part to eliza and the two priests two priests two priests and another fiftieth part to the levites and another fiftieth part to the levites and another fiftieth part to the levites and distributed the rest of the prey and distributed the rest of the prey and distributed the rest of the prey among the people among the people among the people after which they lived happily as having after which they lived happily as having after which they lived happily as having obtained an abundance of good things by obtained an abundance of good things by obtained an abundance of good things by their valor their valor their valor and therefore being no misfortune that and therefore being no misfortune that and therefore being no misfortune that detended them or hindered their detended them or hindered their detended them or hindered their enjoyment about happiness enjoyment about happiness enjoyment about happiness but moses was now grown old and but moses was now grown old and but moses was now grown old and appointed joshua for his successor appointed joshua for his successor appointed joshua for his successor both to receive directions from god as a both to receive directions from god as a both to receive directions from god as a prophet and for a commander of the army prophet and for a commander of the army prophet and for a commander of the army if they should at any time stand in need if they should at any time stand in need if they should at any time stand in need of such a one of such a one of such a one and this was done by the command of god and this was done by the command of god and this was done by the command of god that to him the care of the public that to him the care of the public that to him the care of the public should be committed should be committed should be committed now joshua had been instructed in all now joshua had been instructed in all now joshua had been instructed in all those kinds of learning which concerned those kinds of learning which concerned those kinds of learning which concerned the laws and god himself the laws and god himself the laws and god himself and moses had been his instructor at and moses had been his instructor at and moses had been his instructor at this time this time this time it was that the two tribes of gad and it was that the two tribes of gad and it was that the two tribes of gad and ruben and the half tribe of manasseh ruben and the half tribe of manasseh ruben and the half tribe of manasseh abounded in a multitude of cattle as abounded in a multitude of cattle as abounded in a multitude of cattle as well as in all other kinds of prosperity well as in all other kinds of prosperity well as in all other kinds of prosperity once they had a meeting and then a body once they had a meeting and then a body once they had a meeting and then a body came and besought moses to give them as came and besought moses to give them as came and besought moses to give them as their peculiar portion their peculiar portion their peculiar portion that land of the amorites which they had that land of the amorites which they had that land of the amorites which they had taken by right of war taken by right of war taken by right of war because it was fruitful and good for because it was fruitful and good for because it was fruitful and good for feeding of cattle but feeding of cattle but feeding of cattle but moses supposing that they were afraid of moses supposing that they were afraid of moses supposing that they were afraid of fighting with the canaanites and fighting with the canaanites and fighting with the canaanites and invented this provision for their cattle invented this provision for their cattle invented this provision for their cattle as a handsome excuse for avoiding that as a handsome excuse for avoiding that as a handsome excuse for avoiding that war war war he called them errant cowards and said he called them errant cowards and said he called them errant cowards and said they had only contrived a decent excuse they had only contrived a decent excuse they had only contrived a decent excuse for that cowardice for that cowardice for that cowardice and that they had a mind to live in and that they had a mind to live in and that they had a mind to live in luxury and ease while all the rest were luxury and ease while all the rest were luxury and ease while all the rest were laboring with great pains laboring with great pains laboring with great pains to obtain the land they were desirous to to obtain the land they were desirous to to obtain the land they were desirous to have and that they were not willing to

have and that they were not willing to have and that they were not willing to march along march along march along and undergo the remaining hard service and undergo the remaining hard service and undergo the remaining hard service whereby they were under the divine whereby they were under the divine whereby they were under the divine promise promise promise to pass over jordan and overcome those to pass over jordan and overcome those to pass over jordan and overcome those our enemies which god had shown them our enemies which god had shown them our enemies which god had shown them and so obtain their land but these and so obtain their land but these and so obtain their land but these tribes when they saw that moses was tribes when they saw that moses was tribes when they saw that moses was angry with them angry with them angry with them and when they could not deny but he had and when they could not deny but he had and when they could not deny but he had just caused to be displeased at their just caused to be displeased at their just caused to be displeased at their petition petition petition made an apology for themselves and said made an apology for themselves and said made an apology for themselves and said that it was not on account of their fear that it was not on account of their fear that it was not on account of their fear of dangers of dangers of dangers and on account of their laziness that and on account of their laziness that and on account of their laziness that they made this request to him they made this request to him they made this request to him but that they might leave the prey they but that they might leave the prey they but that they might leave the prey they had gotten in places of safety had gotten in places of safety had gotten in places of safety and thereby might be more expedite and and thereby might be more expedite and and thereby might be more expedite and ready to undergo difficulties and to ready to undergo difficulties and to ready to undergo difficulties and to fight battles fight battles fight battles they added this also that when they had they added this also that when they had they added this also that when they had built cities wherein they might preserve built cities wherein they might preserve built cities wherein they might preserve their children their children their children and wives and possessions if he could and wives and possessions if he could and wives and possessions if he could bestow them upon them bestow them upon them bestow them upon them they would go along with the rest of the they would go along with the rest of the they would go along with the rest of the army hereupon moses was pleased with army hereupon moses was pleased with army hereupon moses was pleased with what they said what they said what they said so he called for eliza the high priest so he called for eliza the high priest so he called for eliza the high priest and joshua and the chief of the tribes and joshua and the chief of the tribes and joshua and the chief of the tribes and permitted these tribes to possess and permitted these tribes to possess and permitted these tribes to possess the land of the amorites but upon this the land of the amorites but upon this the land of the amorites but upon this condition condition condition that they should join with their kinsmen that they should join with their kinsmen that they should join with their kinsmen in the war until all things were settled in the war until all things were settled in the war until all things were settled upon which condition they took upon which condition they took upon which condition they took possession of the country and built them possession of the country and built them possession of the country and built them strong cities strong cities strong cities and put into them their children and and put into them their children and and put into them their children and their wives and whatsoever else they had their wives and whatsoever else they had their wives and whatsoever else they had that might be an impediment to the that might be an impediment to the that might be an impediment to the labours of the future marches labours of the future marches labours of the future marches moses also now built those 10 cities moses also now built those 10 cities moses also now built those 10 cities which would be of the number of the 48 which would be of the number of the 48 which would be of the number of the 48 for the levites three of which he for the levites three of which he for the levites three of which he allotted to those that slew any person allotted to those that slew any person allotted to those that slew any person involuntarily and fled to them and he involuntarily and fled to them and he involuntarily and fled to them and he assigned the same time for their assigned the same time for their assigned the same time for their banishment banishment banishment with that of the life of that high with that of the life of that high with that of the life of that high priest under whom the slaughter and priest under whom the slaughter and priest under whom the slaughter and flight happened flight happened flight happened after which death of the high priest he after which death of the high priest he after which death of the high priest he permitted the slayer to return home

permitted the slayer to return home permitted the slayer to return home during the time of his exile the during the time of his exile the during the time of his exile the relations of him that was slain made relations of him that was slain made relations of him that was slain made by this law killed the manslayer if they by this law killed the manslayer if they by this law killed the manslayer if they caught him without the bounds of the caught him without the bounds of the caught him without the bounds of the city to which he fled city to which he fled city to which he fled though this permission was not granted though this permission was not granted though this permission was not granted to any other person now the cities which to any other person now the cities which to any other person now the cities which was set apart for this flight were these was set apart for this flight were these was set apart for this flight were these beze at the borders of arabia ramoff beze at the borders of arabia ramoff beze at the borders of arabia ramoff of the land of gilead and golan in the of the land of gilead and golan in the of the land of gilead and golan in the land of bashan land of bashan land of bashan they were to be also by moses command they were to be also by moses command they were to be also by moses command three other cities allotted for the three other cities allotted for the three other cities allotted for the habitation of these fugitives out of the habitation of these fugitives out of the habitation of these fugitives out of the cities of the levites cities of the levites cities of the levites but not till after they should be in but not till after they should be in but not till after they should be in possession of the land of canaan possession of the land of canaan possession of the land of canaan at this time the chief men of the tribe at this time the chief men of the tribe at this time the chief men of the tribe of manasseh came to moses of manasseh came to moses of manasseh came to moses and informed him that there was an and informed him that there was an and informed him that there was an eminent man of their tribe dead eminent man of their tribe dead eminent man of their tribe dead whose name was zelophehad who left no whose name was zelophehad who left no whose name was zelophehad who left no male children but left daughters male children but left daughters male children but left daughters and asked him whether these daughters and asked him whether these daughters and asked him whether these daughters might inherit his land or not might inherit his land or not might inherit his land or not he made this answer that if they shall he made this answer that if they shall he made this answer that if they shall marry into their own tribe marry into their own tribe marry into their own tribe they shall carry their estate along with they shall carry their estate along with they shall carry their estate along with them but if they dispose of themselves them but if they dispose of themselves them but if they dispose of themselves in marriage to men of another tribe in marriage to men of another tribe in marriage to men of another tribe they shall leave their inheritance in they shall leave their inheritance in they shall leave their inheritance in their father's tribe and then it was their father's tribe and then it was their father's tribe and then it was that moses ordained that everyone's that moses ordained that everyone's that moses ordained that everyone's inheritance should continue in his own inheritance should continue in his own inheritance should continue in his own tribe tribe tribe end of book four chapter seven recording end of book four chapter seven recording end of book four chapter seven recording by david reece thomas www.davidreasthomas.com www.davidreasthomas.com or chapter 8 part 1 of the antiquities or chapter 8 part 1 of the antiquities or chapter 8 part 1 of the antiquities of the jews volume 1.

of the jews volume 1. of the jews volume 1. this is a librivox recording all this is a librivox recording all this is a librivox recording all librivox recordings are in the public librivox recordings are in the public librivox recordings are in the public domain domain domain for more information or to volunteer for more information or to volunteer for more information or to volunteer please visit please visit please visit librivox.org the antiquities of the jews librivox.org the antiquities of the jews librivox.org the antiquities of the jews volume 1 volume 1 volume 1 by flavius josephus translated by by flavius josephus translated by by flavius josephus translated by william wiston william wiston william wiston book 4 chapter 8 part 1 book 4 chapter 8 part 1 book 4 chapter 8 part 1 chapter 8 the polity settled by moses chapter 8 the polity settled by moses chapter 8 the polity settled by moses and how he disappeared from among and how he disappeared from among and how he disappeared from among mankind mankind mankind when forty years were completed within when forty years were completed within when forty years were completed within thirty days thirty days thirty days moses gathered the congregation together moses gathered the congregation together moses gathered the congregation together near jordan near jordan near jordan where the city abala now stands a place where the city abala now stands a place where the city abala now stands a place full of palm trees full of palm trees full of palm trees and all the people being come together and all the people being come together and all the people being come together he spake thus to them he spake thus to them he spake thus to them o you israelites and fellow soldiers who o you israelites and fellow soldiers who o you israelites and fellow soldiers who have been partners with me in this long have been partners with me in this long have been partners with me in this long and uneasy journey since it is now the and uneasy journey since it is now the and uneasy journey since it is now the will of god will of god will of god and the course of old age at 120 and the course of old age at 120 and the course of old age at 120 requires it that i should depart out of requires it that i should depart out of requires it that i should depart out of this life this life this life and since god has forbidden me to be a and since god has forbidden me to be a and since god has forbidden me to be a patron or an assistant to you patron or an assistant to you patron or an assistant to you in what remains to be done beyond jordan in what remains to be done beyond jordan in what remains to be done beyond jordan i thought it reasonable not to leave i thought it reasonable not to leave i thought it reasonable not to leave off my endeavors even now for your off my endeavors even now for your off my endeavors even now for your happiness happiness happiness but to do my utmost to procure for you but to do my utmost to procure for you but to do my utmost to procure for you the eternal enjoyment of good things the eternal enjoyment of good things the eternal enjoyment of good things and a memorial for myself when you shall and a memorial for myself when you shall and a memorial for myself when you shall be in the fruition of great plenty and be in the fruition of great plenty and be in the fruition of great plenty and prosperity prosperity prosperity come therefore let me suggest to you by come therefore let me suggest to you by come therefore let me suggest to you by what means you may be happy what means you may be happy what means you may be happy and may leave an eternal prosperous and may leave an eternal prosperous and may leave an eternal prosperous possession thereof to your children

possession thereof to your children possession thereof to your children after you and then let me thus go out of after you and then let me thus go out of after you and then let me thus go out of the world the world the world and i cannot but deserve to be believed and i cannot but deserve to be believed and i cannot but deserve to be believed by you both on account of the great by you both on account of the great by you both on account of the great things i have things i have things i have already done for you and because when already done for you and because when already done for you and because when souls are about to leave the body souls are about to leave the body souls are about to leave the body they speak with the sincerest freedom o they speak with the sincerest freedom o they speak with the sincerest freedom o children of israel there is but one children of israel there is but one children of israel there is but one source of happiness for all mankind source of happiness for all mankind source of happiness for all mankind the favor of god for he alone is able to the favor of god for he alone is able to the favor of god for he alone is able to give good things to those that deserve give good things to those that deserve give good things to those that deserve them them them and to deprive those of them that sin and to deprive those of them that sin and to deprive those of them that sin against him against him against him towards whom if you behave yourselves towards whom if you behave yourselves towards whom if you behave yourselves according to his will according to his will according to his will and according to what i who well and according to what i who well and according to what i who well understand his mind understand his mind understand his mind do exhort you to you will both be do exhort you to you will both be do exhort you to you will both be esteemed blessed esteemed blessed esteemed blessed and will be admired by all men and will and will be admired by all men and will and will be admired by all men and will never come into misfortunes never come into misfortunes never come into misfortunes nor cease to be happy you will then nor cease to be happy you will then nor cease to be happy you will then preserve the possession of the good preserve the possession of the good preserve the possession of the good things you already have things you already have things you already have and will quickly obtain those that you and will quickly obtain those that you and will quickly obtain those that you are at present in want of are at present in want of are at present in want of only do you be obedient to those whom only do you be obedient to those whom only do you be obedient to those whom god would have you to follow god would have you to follow god would have you to follow nor do you prefer any other constitution nor do you prefer any other constitution nor do you prefer any other constitution of government of government of government before the law is now given you neither before the law is now given you neither before the law is now given you neither do you disregard that way of divine do you disregard that way of divine do you disregard that way of divine worship which you now have worship which you now have worship which you now have nor change it for any other form and if nor change it for any other form and if nor change it for any other form and if you do this you do this you do this you will be the most courageous of all you will be the most courageous of all you will be the most courageous of all men in undergoing the fatigues of war men in undergoing the fatigues of war men in undergoing the fatigues of war and will not be easily conquered by any and will not be easily conquered by any and will not be easily conquered by any of your enemies of your enemies of your enemies for while god is present with you to for while god is present with you to for while god is present with you to assist you it is to be expected that you assist you it is to be expected that you assist you it is to be expected that you will be able to despise the opposition

will be able to despise the opposition will be able to despise the opposition of all mankind of all mankind of all mankind and great rewards of virtue are proposed and great rewards of virtue are proposed and great rewards of virtue are proposed for you for you for you if you preserve that virtue through your if you preserve that virtue through your if you preserve that virtue through your whole lives whole lives whole lives virtue itself is indeed the principle virtue itself is indeed the principle virtue itself is indeed the principle and the first reward and the first reward and the first reward and after that it bestows abundance of and after that it bestows abundance of and after that it bestows abundance of others others others so that your exercise of virtue towards so that your exercise of virtue towards so that your exercise of virtue towards other men other men other men will make your own lives happy and will make your own lives happy and will make your own lives happy and render you more glorious than foreigners render you more glorious than foreigners render you more glorious than foreigners can be can be can be and procure you an undisputed reputation and procure you an undisputed reputation and procure you an undisputed reputation with posterity with posterity with posterity these blessings you will be able to these blessings you will be able to these blessings you will be able to obtain in case you hearken to and obtain in case you hearken to and obtain in case you hearken to and observe those laws which by divine observe those laws which by divine observe those laws which by divine revelation revelation revelation i have ordained for you that is in case i have ordained for you that is in case i have ordained for you that is in case you with all meditate upon the wisdom you with all meditate upon the wisdom you with all meditate upon the wisdom that is in them that is in them that is in them i am going from you myself rejoicing in i am going from you myself rejoicing in i am going from you myself rejoicing in the good things you the good things you the good things you enjoy and i recommend you to the wise enjoy and i recommend you to the wise enjoy and i recommend you to the wise conduct of your law conduct of your law conduct of your law to the becoming order of your polity and to the becoming order of your polity and to the becoming order of your polity and to the virtues of your commanders to the virtues of your commanders to the virtues of your commanders who will take care of what is for your who will take care of what is for your who will take care of what is for your advantage advantage advantage and that god who has been till now your and that god who has been till now your and that god who has been till now your leader leader leader and by whose good will i have myself and by whose good will i have myself and by whose good will i have myself been useful to you been useful to you been useful to you will not put a period now to his will not put a period now to his will not put a period now to his providence over you providence over you providence over you but as long as you desire to have him but as long as you desire to have him but as long as you desire to have him your protector in your pursuits after your protector in your pursuits after your protector in your pursuits after virtue virtue virtue so long will you enjoy his care over you so long will you enjoy his care over you so long will you enjoy his care over you your high priest also eleazar as well as your high priest also eleazar as well as your high priest also eleazar as well as joshua with the senate joshua with the senate joshua with the senate and chief of your tribes will go before and chief of your tribes will go before and chief of your tribes will go before you you you and suggest the best advices to you by and suggest the best advices to you by and suggest the best advices to you by following which advices

following which advices following which advices you will continue to be happy to whom you will continue to be happy to whom you will continue to be happy to whom you do give ear without reluctance you do give ear without reluctance you do give ear without reluctance as sensible that all such as know well as sensible that all such as know well as sensible that all such as know well how to be governed how to be governed how to be governed will also know how to govern if they be will also know how to govern if they be will also know how to govern if they be promoted to that authority themselves promoted to that authority themselves promoted to that authority themselves and do not you esteem liberty to consist and do not you esteem liberty to consist and do not you esteem liberty to consist in opposing such directions as your in opposing such directions as your in opposing such directions as your governors think fit to give you governors think fit to give you governors think fit to give you for your practice as at present indeed for your practice as at present indeed for your practice as at present indeed you place your liberty in nothing else you place your liberty in nothing else you place your liberty in nothing else but abusing your benefactors which error but abusing your benefactors which error but abusing your benefactors which error if you can avoid for the time to come if you can avoid for the time to come if you can avoid for the time to come your affairs will be in a better your affairs will be in a better your affairs will be in a better condition than they have hitherto condition than they have hitherto condition than they have hitherto been nor do you ever indulge such a been nor do you ever indulge such a been nor do you ever indulge such a degree of passion in these matters degree of passion in these matters degree of passion in these matters as you have often times done when you as you have often times done when you as you have often times done when you have been very angry at me have been very angry at me have been very angry at me for you know that i have been often are for you know that i have been often are for you know that i have been often are in danger of death from you in danger of death from you in danger of death from you than from our enemies what i now put you than from our enemies what i now put you than from our enemies what i now put you in mind of in mind of in mind of is not done in order to reproach you for is not done in order to reproach you for is not done in order to reproach you for i do not think it proper i do not think it proper i do not think it proper now i am going out of the world to bring now i am going out of the world to bring now i am going out of the world to bring this to your remembrance this to your remembrance this to your remembrance in order to leave you offended at me in order to leave you offended at me in order to leave you offended at me since at the time when i underwent those since at the time when i underwent those since at the time when i underwent those hardships from you hardships from you hardships from you i was not angry at you but i do it in i was not angry at you but i do it in i was not angry at you but i do it in order to make you wiser hereafter order to make you wiser hereafter order to make you wiser hereafter and to teach you that this will be for and to teach you that this will be for and to teach you that this will be for your security your security your security i mean that you never be injurious to i mean that you never be injurious to i mean that you never be injurious to those that preside over you those that preside over you those that preside over you even when you are become rich as you even when you are become rich as you even when you are become rich as you will be to a great degree when you have will be to a great degree when you have will be to a great degree when you have passed over jordan passed over jordan passed over jordan and are in possession of the land of and are in possession of the land of and are in possession of the land of canaan since when you shall have once

canaan since when you shall have once canaan since when you shall have once proceeded so far by your wealth proceeded so far by your wealth proceeded so far by your wealth as to a contempt and disregard of virtue as to a contempt and disregard of virtue as to a contempt and disregard of virtue you will also you will also you will also forfeit the favor of god and when you forfeit the favor of god and when you forfeit the favor of god and when you have made him your enemy have made him your enemy have made him your enemy you will be beaten in war and will have you will be beaten in war and will have you will be beaten in war and will have the land which you possess the land which you possess the land which you possess taken away again from you by your taken away again from you by your taken away again from you by your enemies enemies enemies and this with great reproaches upon your and this with great reproaches upon your and this with great reproaches upon your conduct conduct conduct you will be scattered over the whole you will be scattered over the whole you will be scattered over the whole world and will as slaves world and will as slaves world and will as slaves entirely fill both sea and land and when entirely fill both sea and land and when entirely fill both sea and land and when once you have had the experience of what once you have had the experience of what once you have had the experience of what i now say i now say i now say you will repent and remember the laws you will repent and remember the laws you will repent and remember the laws you have broken you have broken you have broken when it is too late once i would advise when it is too late once i would advise when it is too late once i would advise you you you if you intend to preserve these laws to if you intend to preserve these laws to if you intend to preserve these laws to leave none of your enemies alive when leave none of your enemies alive when leave none of your enemies alive when you have conquered them you have conquered them you have conquered them but to look upon it is for your but to look upon it is for your but to look upon it is for your advantage to destroy them all advantage to destroy them all advantage to destroy them all lest if you permit them to live you lest if you permit them to live you lest if you permit them to live you taste of their manners taste of their manners taste of their manners and thereby corrupt your own proper and thereby corrupt your own proper and thereby corrupt your own proper institutions institutions institutions i also do further exhort you to i also do further exhort you to i also do further exhort you to overthrow their altars overthrow their altars overthrow their altars and their groves and whatsoever temples and their groves and whatsoever temples and their groves and whatsoever temples they have among them they have among them they have among them and to burn all such their nation and and to burn all such their nation and and to burn all such their nation and their very memory with fire their very memory with fire their very memory with fire for by this means alone the safety of for by this means alone the safety of for by this means alone the safety of your own happy constitution your own happy constitution your own happy constitution can be firmly secured to you and in can be firmly secured to you and in can be firmly secured to you and in order to prevent your ignorance of order to prevent your ignorance of order to prevent your ignorance of virtue virtue virtue and the degeneracy of your nature into and the degeneracy of your nature into and the degeneracy of your nature into vice vice vice i have also ordained you laws by divine i have also ordained you laws by divine i have also ordained you laws by divine suggestion suggestion suggestion and a form of government which are so and a form of government which are so and a form of government which are so good that if you regularly observe them

good that if you regularly observe them good that if you regularly observe them you will be esteemed of all men the most you will be esteemed of all men the most you will be esteemed of all men the most happy when he had spoken thus he gave them the when he had spoken thus he gave them the laws in the constitution of government laws in the constitution of government laws in the constitution of government written in a book written in a book written in a book upon which the people fell into tears upon which the people fell into tears upon which the people fell into tears and appeared already touched with the and appeared already touched with the and appeared already touched with the sense sense sense that they should have a great want of that they should have a great want of that they should have a great want of their conductor their conductor their conductor since they remembered what a number of since they remembered what a number of since they remembered what a number of dangers he had passed through dangers he had passed through dangers he had passed through and what care he had taken of their and what care he had taken of their and what care he had taken of their preservation preservation preservation they desponded about what would come they desponded about what would come they desponded about what would come upon them after he was dead upon them after he was dead upon them after he was dead and thought they should never have and thought they should never have and thought they should never have another governor like him another governor like him another governor like him and feared that god would then take less and feared that god would then take less and feared that god would then take less care of them when moses was gone care of them when moses was gone care of them when moses was gone who used to intercede for them they also who used to intercede for them they also who used to intercede for them they also repented of what they had said to him in repented of what they had said to him in repented of what they had said to him in the wilderness when they were the wilderness when they were the wilderness when they were angry and were in grief on those angry and were in grief on those angry and were in grief on those accounts in so much that the whole body accounts in so much that the whole body accounts in so much that the whole body of the people fell into tears with such of the people fell into tears with such of the people fell into tears with such bitterness bitterness bitterness that it was past the power of words to that it was past the power of words to that it was past the power of words to comfort them in their affliction comfort them in their affliction comfort them in their affliction however moses gave them some consolation however moses gave them some consolation however moses gave them some consolation and by calling them off the thought how and by calling them off the thought how and by calling them off the thought how worthy he was of their weeping for him worthy he was of their weeping for him worthy he was of their weeping for him he exhorted them to keep to that form of he exhorted them to keep to that form of he exhorted them to keep to that form of government he had given them government he had given them government he had given them and then the congregation was dissolved and then the congregation was dissolved and then the congregation was dissolved at that time at that time at that time accordingly i shall now first describe accordingly i shall now first describe accordingly i shall now first describe this form of government which was this form of government which was this form of government which was agreeable to the dignity and virtue of agreeable to the dignity and virtue of agreeable to the dignity and virtue of moses moses moses and shall thereby inform those that read and shall thereby inform those that read and shall thereby inform those that read these antiquities these antiquities these antiquities what our original settlements were and what our original settlements were and what our original settlements were and shall then proceed to the remaining shall then proceed to the remaining shall then proceed to the remaining histories histories histories now those settlements are all still in

now those settlements are all still in now those settlements are all still in writing as he left them writing as he left them writing as he left them and we shall add nothing by way of and we shall add nothing by way of and we shall add nothing by way of ornament nor anything besides what moses ornament nor anything besides what moses ornament nor anything besides what moses left us left us left us only we shall so far innovate as to only we shall so far innovate as to only we shall so far innovate as to digest the several kinds of laws into a digest the several kinds of laws into a digest the several kinds of laws into a regular system regular system regular system for they were by him left in writing as for they were by him left in writing as for they were by him left in writing as they were accidentally scattered in they were accidentally scattered in they were accidentally scattered in their delivery their delivery their delivery and as he upon inquiry had learned them and as he upon inquiry had learned them and as he upon inquiry had learned them of god of god of god on which account i have thought it on which account i have thought it on which account i have thought it necessary to premise this observation necessary to premise this observation necessary to premise this observation beforehand beforehand beforehand lest any of my own countrymen should lest any of my own countrymen should lest any of my own countrymen should blame me as having been guilty of an blame me as having been guilty of an blame me as having been guilty of an offense herein offense herein offense herein now part of our constitution will now part of our constitution will now part of our constitution will include the laws that belong to our include the laws that belong to our include the laws that belong to our political state political state political state as for those laws which moses left as for those laws which moses left as for those laws which moses left concerning our common conversation concerning our common conversation concerning our common conversation and intercourse one with another i have and intercourse one with another i have and intercourse one with another i have reserved that for a discourse concerning reserved that for a discourse concerning reserved that for a discourse concerning our manner of life our manner of life our manner of life and the occasions of those laws which i and the occasions of those laws which i and the occasions of those laws which i propose to myself propose to myself propose to myself with god's assistance to write after i with god's assistance to write after i with god's assistance to write after i have finished the work i am now upon have finished the work i am now upon have finished the work i am now upon when you have possessed yourselves of when you have possessed yourselves of when you have possessed yourselves of the land of canaan the land of canaan the land of canaan and have leisure to enjoy the good and have leisure to enjoy the good and have leisure to enjoy the good things of it and when you have afterward things of it and when you have afterward things of it and when you have afterward determined to build cities determined to build cities determined to build cities if you will do what is pleasing to god if you will do what is pleasing to god if you will do what is pleasing to god you will have a secure state of you will have a secure state of you will have a secure state of happiness happiness happiness let there be then one city in the land let there be then one city in the land let there be then one city in the land of canaan and this situate in the most of canaan and this situate in the most of canaan and this situate in the most agreeable agreeable agreeable place for its goodness and very imminent place for its goodness and very imminent place for its goodness and very imminent in itself in itself in itself and let it be that which god shall and let it be that which god shall and let it be that which god shall choose for himself by prophetic choose for himself by prophetic choose for himself by prophetic revelation revelation revelation let there also be one temple therein and

let there also be one temple therein and let there also be one temple therein and one altar one altar one altar not reared of hewn stones but of such as not reared of hewn stones but of such as not reared of hewn stones but of such as you gather together at random you gather together at random you gather together at random which stones when they are whited over which stones when they are whited over which stones when they are whited over with mortar with mortar with mortar will have a handsome appearance and be will have a handsome appearance and be will have a handsome appearance and be beautiful to the site beautiful to the site beautiful to the site let the ascent to it be not by steps but let the ascent to it be not by steps but let the ascent to it be not by steps but by an acclimity of raised earth by an acclimity of raised earth by an acclimity of raised earth and let there be neither an altar nor a and let there be neither an altar nor a and let there be neither an altar nor a temple in any other city temple in any other city temple in any other city for god is but one and the nation of the for god is but one and the nation of the for god is but one and the nation of the hebrews is but one hebrews is but one hebrews is but one he that blessed be with god let him be he that blessed be with god let him be he that blessed be with god let him be stoned stoned stoned and let him hang upon a tree all that and let him hang upon a tree all that and let him hang upon a tree all that day and then let him be buried in an day and then let him be buried in an day and then let him be buried in an ignominious and obscure manner ignominious and obscure manner ignominious and obscure manner let those that live as remote as the let those that live as remote as the let those that live as remote as the bounds of the land which the hebrews bounds of the land which the hebrews bounds of the land which the hebrews shall possess shall possess shall possess come to that city where the temple shall come to that city where the temple shall come to that city where the temple shall be and this three times in a year be and this three times in a year be and this three times in a year that they may give thanks to god for his that they may give thanks to god for his that they may give thanks to god for his former benefits former benefits former benefits and may entreat him for those they shall and may entreat him for those they shall and may entreat him for those they shall want hereafter want hereafter want hereafter and let them by this means maintain a and let them by this means maintain a and let them by this means maintain a friendly correspondence with one another friendly correspondence with one another friendly correspondence with one another by such meetings and feastings together by such meetings and feastings together by such meetings and feastings together for it is a good thing for those that for it is a good thing for those that for it is a good thing for those that are of the same stock are of the same stock are of the same stock and under the same institution of laws and under the same institution of laws and under the same institution of laws not to be unacquainted with each other not to be unacquainted with each other not to be unacquainted with each other each acquaintance will be maintained by each acquaintance will be maintained by each acquaintance will be maintained by thus conversing together thus conversing together thus conversing together and by seeing and talking with one and by seeing and talking with one and by seeing and talking with one another and so renewing the memorials of another and so renewing the memorials of another and so renewing the memorials of this union this union this union for if they do not thus converse for if they do not thus converse for if they do not thus converse together continually together continually together continually they will appear like mere strangers to they will appear like mere strangers to they will appear like mere strangers to one another one another one another let there be taken out of your fruits a

let there be taken out of your fruits a let there be taken out of your fruits a tenth tenth tenth besides that which you have allotted to besides that which you have allotted to besides that which you have allotted to give to the priests and levites give to the priests and levites give to the priests and levites this you may indeed sell in the country this you may indeed sell in the country this you may indeed sell in the country but it is to be used but it is to be used but it is to be used in those feasts and sacrifices that are in those feasts and sacrifices that are in those feasts and sacrifices that are to be celebrated in the holy city to be celebrated in the holy city to be celebrated in the holy city for it is fit that you should enjoy for it is fit that you should enjoy for it is fit that you should enjoy those fruits of the earth those fruits of the earth those fruits of the earth which god gives you to possess so as may which god gives you to possess so as may which god gives you to possess so as may be to the honor of the donor be to the honor of the donor be to the honor of the donor you are not to offer sacrifices out of you are not to offer sacrifices out of you are not to offer sacrifices out of the higher of a woman who is a harlot the higher of a woman who is a harlot the higher of a woman who is a harlot for the deity is not pleased with for the deity is not pleased with for the deity is not pleased with anything that arises from such abuses of anything that arises from such abuses of anything that arises from such abuses of nature nature nature of which sort none can be worse than of which sort none can be worse than of which sort none can be worse than this prostitution of the body this prostitution of the body this prostitution of the body in like manner no one may take the price in like manner no one may take the price in like manner no one may take the price of the covering of a of the covering of a of the covering of a either of one that is used in hunting or either of one that is used in hunting or either of one that is used in hunting or in keeping of sheep in keeping of sheep in keeping of sheep and then sacrificed to god and then sacrificed to god and then sacrificed to god let no one blaspheme those gods which let no one blaspheme those gods which let no one blaspheme those gods which other cities esteem other cities esteem other cities esteem such nor may anyone steal what belongs such nor may anyone steal what belongs such nor may anyone steal what belongs to strange temples to strange temples to strange temples nor take away the gifts that are nor take away the gifts that are nor take away the gifts that are dedicated to any god dedicated to any god dedicated to any god let not any one of you wear a garment let not any one of you wear a garment let not any one of you wear a garment made of woolen made of woolen made of woolen and linen for that is appointed to be and linen for that is appointed to be and linen for that is appointed to be for the priests alone for the priests alone for the priests alone when the multitude are assembled when the multitude are assembled when the multitude are assembled together unto the holy city for together unto the holy city for together unto the holy city for sacrificing every seventh year sacrificing every seventh year sacrificing every seventh year at the feast of tabernacles let the high at the feast of tabernacles let the high at the feast of tabernacles let the high priest stand upon a high desk priest stand upon a high desk priest stand upon a high desk once he may be heard and let him read once he may be heard and let him read once he may be heard and let him read the laws to all the people the laws to all the people the laws to all the people and let neither the women nor the and let neither the women nor the and let neither the women nor the children be hindered from children be hindered from children be hindered from hearing no nor the servants neither

hearing no nor the servants neither hearing no nor the servants neither for it is a good thing that those laws for it is a good thing that those laws for it is a good thing that those laws should be engraven in their souls should be engraven in their souls should be engraven in their souls and preserved in their memories that so and preserved in their memories that so and preserved in their memories that so it may not be possible to blot them it may not be possible to blot them it may not be possible to blot them out for by this means they shall not be out for by this means they shall not be out for by this means they shall not be guilty of sin guilty of sin guilty of sin when they cannot plead ignorance of what when they cannot plead ignorance of what when they cannot plead ignorance of what the laws have enjoined them the laws have enjoined them the laws have enjoined them the laws also will have a greater the laws also will have a greater the laws also will have a greater authority among them authority among them authority among them as foretelling what they will suffer if as foretelling what they will suffer if as foretelling what they will suffer if they break them they break them they break them and imprinting in their souls by this and imprinting in their souls by this and imprinting in their souls by this hearing what they are commanded them to hearing what they are commanded them to hearing what they are commanded them to do do do that so there may always be within their that so there may always be within their that so there may always be within their minds that intention of the laws minds that intention of the laws minds that intention of the laws which they have despised and broken and which they have despised and broken and which they have despised and broken and have thereby been the causes of their have thereby been the causes of their have thereby been the causes of their own mischief own mischief own mischief let the children also learn the laws as let the children also learn the laws as let the children also learn the laws as the first thing they are taught the first thing they are taught the first thing they are taught which will be the best thing they can be which will be the best thing they can be which will be the best thing they can be taught and will be the cause of their taught and will be the cause of their taught and will be the cause of their future felicity future felicity future felicity let everyone commemorate before god the let everyone commemorate before god the let everyone commemorate before god the benefits which he bestowed upon them at benefits which he bestowed upon them at benefits which he bestowed upon them at their deliverance out of the land of their deliverance out of the land of their deliverance out of the land of egypt egypt egypt and this twice every day both when the and this twice every day both when the and this twice every day both when the day begins and when the hour of sleep day begins and when the hour of sleep day begins and when the hour of sleep comes on comes on comes on gratitude being in its own nature a just gratitude being in its own nature a just gratitude being in its own nature a just thing thing thing and serving not only by way of return and serving not only by way of return and serving not only by way of return for past for past for past but also by way of invitation of future but also by way of invitation of future but also by way of invitation of future favors favors favors they are also to inscribe the principle they are also to inscribe the principle they are also to inscribe the principle blessings they have received from god blessings they have received from god blessings they have received from god upon their doors upon their doors upon their doors and showed the same remembrance of them and showed the same remembrance of them and showed the same remembrance of them upon their arms upon their arms upon their arms as also they are to bear on their as also they are to bear on their as also they are to bear on their forehead and on their arm forehead and on their arm forehead and on their arm those wonders which declare the power of those wonders which declare the power of those wonders which declare the power of god and his good will towards them god and his good will towards them god and his good will towards them that god's readiness to bless them may

that god's readiness to bless them may that god's readiness to bless them may appear everywhere conspicuous about them appear everywhere conspicuous about them appear everywhere conspicuous about them let there be seven men to judge in every let there be seven men to judge in every let there be seven men to judge in every city city city and these such as have been before most and these such as have been before most and these such as have been before most zealous in the exercise of virtue and zealous in the exercise of virtue and zealous in the exercise of virtue and righteousness righteousness righteousness let every judge have two officers let every judge have two officers let every judge have two officers allotted him allotted him allotted him out of the tribe of levi let those that out of the tribe of levi let those that out of the tribe of levi let those that are chosen to judge in the several are chosen to judge in the several are chosen to judge in the several cities be had in great honor cities be had in great honor cities be had in great honor and let none be permitted to revile any and let none be permitted to revile any and let none be permitted to revile any others when these are present others when these are present others when these are present nor to carry themselves in an insolent nor to carry themselves in an insolent nor to carry themselves in an insolent manner to them manner to them manner to them it being natural that reverence towards it being natural that reverence towards it being natural that reverence towards those in high offices among men those in high offices among men those in high offices among men should procure men's fear and reverence should procure men's fear and reverence should procure men's fear and reverence towards god towards god towards god let those that judge be permitted to let those that judge be permitted to let those that judge be permitted to determine according as they think to be determine according as they think to be determine according as they think to be right right right unless anyone can show that they have unless anyone can show that they have unless anyone can show that they have taken bribes taken bribes taken bribes to the perversion of justice or can to the perversion of justice or can to the perversion of justice or can allege any other accusation against them allege any other accusation against them allege any other accusation against them whereby it may appear that they have whereby it may appear that they have whereby it may appear that they have passed an unjust sentence passed an unjust sentence passed an unjust sentence for it is not fit that causes should be for it is not fit that causes should be for it is not fit that causes should be openly determined openly determined openly determined out of regard to gain or to the dignity out of regard to gain or to the dignity out of regard to gain or to the dignity of the suitors of the suitors of the suitors but that the judges should esteem what but that the judges should esteem what but that the judges should esteem what is right before all is right before all is right before all other things otherwise god will by that other things otherwise god will by that other things otherwise god will by that means be despised means be despised means be despised and esteemed inferior to those the dread and esteemed inferior to those the dread and esteemed inferior to those the dread of whose power has of whose power has of whose power has occasioned the unjust sentence for occasioned the unjust sentence for occasioned the unjust sentence for justice justice justice is the power of god he therefore that is the power of god he therefore that is the power of god he therefore that gratifies those in great dignity gratifies those in great dignity gratifies those in great dignity supposes them more potent than god supposes them more potent than god supposes them more potent than god himself himself himself but if these judges are unable to give a but if these judges are unable to give a but if these judges are unable to give a just sentence about the causes that come

just sentence about the causes that come just sentence about the causes that come before them before them before them which case is not unfrequent in human which case is not unfrequent in human which case is not unfrequent in human affairs affairs affairs let them send the cause undetermined to let them send the cause undetermined to let them send the cause undetermined to the holy city the holy city the holy city and there let the high priest the and there let the high priest the and there let the high priest the prophet and the sanhedrin prophet and the sanhedrin prophet and the sanhedrin determine as it shall seem good to them determine as it shall seem good to them determine as it shall seem good to them but let not a single witness be credited but let not a single witness be credited but let not a single witness be credited but three but three but three or two at the least and those such whose or two at the least and those such whose or two at the least and those such whose testimony is confirmed by their good testimony is confirmed by their good testimony is confirmed by their good lives lives lives but let not the testimony of women be but let not the testimony of women be but let not the testimony of women be admitted admitted admitted on account of the levity and boldness of on account of the levity and boldness of on account of the levity and boldness of their sex their sex their sex nor let the servants be admitted to give nor let the servants be admitted to give nor let the servants be admitted to give testimony testimony testimony on account of the inknobility of their on account of the inknobility of their on account of the inknobility of their soul since it is probable that they may soul since it is probable that they may soul since it is probable that they may not speak not speak not speak truth either out of hope of gain or fear truth either out of hope of gain or fear truth either out of hope of gain or fear of punishment of punishment of punishment but if anyone be believed to have borne but if anyone be believed to have borne but if anyone be believed to have borne false witness false witness false witness let him when he is convicted suffer all let him when he is convicted suffer all let him when he is convicted suffer all the very same punishments the very same punishments the very same punishments which he against whom he bore witness which he against whom he bore witness which he against whom he bore witness was to have suffered was to have suffered was to have suffered if a murder be committed in any place if a murder be committed in any place if a murder be committed in any place and he that did it be not found and he that did it be not found and he that did it be not found nor is there any suspicion upon one as nor is there any suspicion upon one as nor is there any suspicion upon one as if he had hated the man if he had hated the man if he had hated the man and so had killed him let there be a and so had killed him let there be a and so had killed him let there be a very diligent inquiry made after the man very diligent inquiry made after the man very diligent inquiry made after the man and rewards propose to anyone who will and rewards propose to anyone who will and rewards propose to anyone who will discover him discover him discover him but if still no information can be but if still no information can be but if still no information can be procured procured procured let the magistrates and senate of those let the magistrates and senate of those let the magistrates and senate of those cities that lie near the place in which cities that lie near the place in which cities that lie near the place in which the murder was committed the murder was committed the murder was committed assembled together and measure the assembled together and measure the assembled together and measure the distance from the place where the dead distance from the place where the dead distance from the place where the dead body lies body lies body lies then let the magistrates of the nearest

then let the magistrates of the nearest then let the magistrates of the nearest city there too city there too city there too purchase a heifer and bring it to a purchase a heifer and bring it to a purchase a heifer and bring it to a valley valley valley and to a place wherein there is no land and to a place wherein there is no land and to a place wherein there is no land plowed or trees planted plowed or trees planted plowed or trees planted and let them cut the sinews of the and let them cut the sinews of the and let them cut the sinews of the heifer then the priests and levites heifer then the priests and levites heifer then the priests and levites and the senate of that city shall take and the senate of that city shall take and the senate of that city shall take water and wash their hands over the head water and wash their hands over the head water and wash their hands over the head of the heifer of the heifer of the heifer and they shall openly declare that their and they shall openly declare that their and they shall openly declare that their hands are innocent of this murder hands are innocent of this murder hands are innocent of this murder and that they have neither done it and that they have neither done it and that they have neither done it themselves nor been assisting to any themselves nor been assisting to any themselves nor been assisting to any that did it that did it that did it they shall also beseech god to be they shall also beseech god to be they shall also beseech god to be merciful to them merciful to them merciful to them that no such horrid act may any more be that no such horrid act may any more be that no such horrid act may any more be done in that land done in that land done in that land end of book 4 chapter 8 part 1 chapter 8 part 2 of the antiquities of chapter 8 part 2 of the antiquities of the jews the jews the jews volume 1. this is a librivox recording volume 1. this is a librivox recording volume 1. this is a librivox recording all librivox recordings are in the all librivox recordings are in the all librivox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to public domain for more information or to public domain for more information or to volunteer volunteer volunteer please visit librivox.org please visit librivox.org please visit librivox.org the antiquities of the jews volume 1 by the antiquities of the jews volume 1 by the antiquities of the jews volume 1 by flavius josephus flavius josephus flavius josephus translated by william whiston book 4 translated by william whiston book 4 translated by william whiston book 4 chapter 8 part 2. aristocracy chapter 8 part 2. aristocracy chapter 8 part 2. aristocracy and the way of living under it is the and the way of living under it is the and the way of living under it is the best constitution best constitution best constitution and may you never have any inclination and may you never have any inclination and may you never have any inclination to any other form of government to any other form of government to any other form of government and may you always love that form and and may you always love that form and and may you always love that form and have the laws for your governors have the laws for your governors have the laws for your governors and govern all your actions according to

and govern all your actions according to and govern all your actions according to them for you need no supreme them for you need no supreme them for you need no supreme governor but god but if you shall desire governor but god but if you shall desire governor but god but if you shall desire a king a king a king let him be one of your own nation let let him be one of your own nation let let him be one of your own nation let him be always careful of justice and him be always careful of justice and him be always careful of justice and other virtues perpetually other virtues perpetually other virtues perpetually let him submit to the laws and esteem let him submit to the laws and esteem let him submit to the laws and esteem god's commands to be his highest wisdom god's commands to be his highest wisdom god's commands to be his highest wisdom but let him do nothing without the high but let him do nothing without the high but let him do nothing without the high priest and the votes of the senators priest and the votes of the senators priest and the votes of the senators let him not have a great number of wives let him not have a great number of wives let him not have a great number of wives nor pursue after abundance of riches nor pursue after abundance of riches nor pursue after abundance of riches nor a multitude of horses whereby he may nor a multitude of horses whereby he may nor a multitude of horses whereby he may grow too proud to submit to the laws grow too proud to submit to the laws grow too proud to submit to the laws and if he affect any such things let him and if he affect any such things let him and if he affect any such things let him be restrained be restrained be restrained lest he become so potent that his state lest he become so potent that his state lest he become so potent that his state be inconsistent with your welfare let it be inconsistent with your welfare let it be inconsistent with your welfare let it not be esteemed lawful to remove not be esteemed lawful to remove not be esteemed lawful to remove boundaries neither our own nor of those boundaries neither our own nor of those boundaries neither our own nor of those with whom we are at peace with whom we are at peace with whom we are at peace have a care you do not take those have a care you do not take those have a care you do not take those landmarks away landmarks away landmarks away which are as it were a divine and which are as it were a divine and which are as it were a divine and unshaken limitation of unshaken limitation of unshaken limitation of rights made by god himself to last rights made by god himself to last rights made by god himself to last forever forever forever since this going beyond limits and since this going beyond limits and since this going beyond limits and gaining ground upon gaining ground upon gaining ground upon others is the occasion of wars and others is the occasion of wars and others is the occasion of wars and seditions seditions seditions for those that remove boundaries are not for those that remove boundaries are not for those that remove boundaries are not far off and attempt far off and attempt far off and attempt to subvert the laws he that plants a to subvert the laws he that plants a to subvert the laws he that plants a piece of land the trees of which produce piece of land the trees of which produce piece of land the trees of which produce fruits before the fourth year fruits before the fourth year fruits before the fourth year is not to bring thence any first fruits is not to bring thence any first fruits is not to bring thence any first fruits to god to god to god nor is he to make use of that fruit nor is he to make use of that fruit nor is he to make use of that fruit himself for it is not produced in its himself for it is not produced in its himself for it is not produced in its proper season proper season proper season for when nature has a force put upon her

for when nature has a force put upon her for when nature has a force put upon her at an unseasonable time at an unseasonable time at an unseasonable time the fruit is not proper for god nor for the fruit is not proper for god nor for the fruit is not proper for god nor for the master's use the master's use the master's use but let the owner gather all that is but let the owner gather all that is but let the owner gather all that is grown on the fourth year grown on the fourth year grown on the fourth year for then it is in its proper season and for then it is in its proper season and for then it is in its proper season and let him that has gathered it let him that has gathered it let him that has gathered it carry it to the holy city and spend that carry it to the holy city and spend that carry it to the holy city and spend that together with the tithe of his other together with the tithe of his other together with the tithe of his other fruits in feasting with his friends fruits in feasting with his friends fruits in feasting with his friends with the orphans and the widows but on with the orphans and the widows but on with the orphans and the widows but on the fifth year the fruit is his own and the fifth year the fruit is his own and the fifth year the fruit is his own and he may use it as he pleases he may use it as he pleases he may use it as he pleases you are not to sow with seed a piece of you are not to sow with seed a piece of you are not to sow with seed a piece of land which is planted with land which is planted with land which is planted with vines for it is enough that it supply vines for it is enough that it supply vines for it is enough that it supply nourishment to that plant nourishment to that plant nourishment to that plant and be not harassed by plowing also and be not harassed by plowing also and be not harassed by plowing also you are to plow your land with oxen and you are to plow your land with oxen and you are to plow your land with oxen and not to oblige other animals to come not to oblige other animals to come not to oblige other animals to come under the same yoke with them under the same yoke with them under the same yoke with them but to till your land with those beasts but to till your land with those beasts but to till your land with those beasts that are of the same kind that are of the same kind that are of the same kind with each other the seeds are also to be with each other the seeds are also to be with each other the seeds are also to be pure and without mixture pure and without mixture pure and without mixture and not to be compounded of two or three and not to be compounded of two or three and not to be compounded of two or three sorts sorts sorts since nature does not rejoice in the since nature does not rejoice in the since nature does not rejoice in the union of things that are not in their union of things that are not in their union of things that are not in their own nature alike own nature alike own nature alike nor are you to permit beasts of nor are you to permit beasts of nor are you to permit beasts of different kinds to gender together different kinds to gender together different kinds to gender together for there is reason to fear that this for there is reason to fear that this for there is reason to fear that this unnatural abuse unnatural abuse unnatural abuse may extend from beasts of different may extend from beasts of different may extend from beasts of different kinds to men kinds to men kinds to men though it takes its first rise from evil though it takes its first rise from evil though it takes its first rise from evil practices about such smaller things practices about such smaller things practices about such smaller things nor is anything to be allowed by nor is anything to be allowed by nor is anything to be allowed by imitation whereof any degree of imitation whereof any degree of imitation whereof any degree of subversion may creep into the subversion may creep into the subversion may creep into the constitution constitution constitution nor do the laws neglect small matters

nor do the laws neglect small matters nor do the laws neglect small matters but provide that even those may be but provide that even those may be but provide that even those may be managed after an unblamable manner managed after an unblamable manner managed after an unblamable manner let not those that reap and gather in let not those that reap and gather in let not those that reap and gather in the corn that is reaped the corn that is reaped the corn that is reaped gather in the gleanings also but let gather in the gleanings also but let gather in the gleanings also but let them rather leave some handfuls them rather leave some handfuls them rather leave some handfuls for those that are in want of the for those that are in want of the for those that are in want of the necessities of life necessities of life necessities of life that it may be a support and a supply to that it may be a support and a supply to that it may be a support and a supply to them in order to their subsistence them in order to their subsistence them in order to their subsistence in like manner when they gather their in like manner when they gather their in like manner when they gather their grapes let them leave some smaller grapes let them leave some smaller grapes let them leave some smaller bunches for the poor bunches for the poor bunches for the poor and let them pass over some of the and let them pass over some of the and let them pass over some of the fruits of the olive trees when they fruits of the olive trees when they fruits of the olive trees when they gather them gather them gather them and leave them to be partaken of by and leave them to be partaken of by and leave them to be partaken of by those that have none of their own those that have none of their own those that have none of their own for the advantage arising from the exact for the advantage arising from the exact for the advantage arising from the exact collection of all collection of all collection of all will not be so considerable to the will not be so considerable to the will not be so considerable to the owners as will arise from the gratitude owners as will arise from the gratitude owners as will arise from the gratitude of the poor of the poor of the poor and god will provide that the land shall and god will provide that the land shall and god will provide that the land shall more willingly produce more willingly produce more willingly produce what shall be for the nourishment of its what shall be for the nourishment of its what shall be for the nourishment of its fruits in case you do not merely take fruits in case you do not merely take fruits in case you do not merely take care of your own advantage care of your own advantage care of your own advantage but have regard to the support of others but have regard to the support of others but have regard to the support of others also also also nor are you to muzzle the mouths of the nor are you to muzzle the mouths of the nor are you to muzzle the mouths of the oxen when they tread the ears of corn in oxen when they tread the ears of corn in oxen when they tread the ears of corn in the threshing floor the threshing floor the threshing floor for it is not just to restrain our for it is not just to restrain our for it is not just to restrain our fellow laboring animals fellow laboring animals fellow laboring animals and those that work in order to its and those that work in order to its and those that work in order to its production of this fruit of their labors production of this fruit of their labors production of this fruit of their labors nor are you to prohibit those that pass nor are you to prohibit those that pass nor are you to prohibit those that pass by at the time when your fruits are ripe by at the time when your fruits are ripe by at the time when your fruits are ripe to touch them but to give them leave to to touch them but to give them leave to to touch them but to give them leave to fill themselves full of what you have fill themselves full of what you have fill themselves full of what you have and this whether they be of your own and this whether they be of your own and this whether they be of your own country or strangers country or strangers country or strangers as being glad of the opportunity of as being glad of the opportunity of as being glad of the opportunity of giving them some part of your fruits

giving them some part of your fruits giving them some part of your fruits when they are when they are when they are right but let it not be esteemed lawful right but let it not be esteemed lawful right but let it not be esteemed lawful for them to carry any away for them to carry any away for them to carry any away nor let those that gather the grapes and nor let those that gather the grapes and nor let those that gather the grapes and carry them to the wine presses carry them to the wine presses carry them to the wine presses restrain those whom they meet from restrain those whom they meet from restrain those whom they meet from eating of them eating of them eating of them for it is unjust out of envy to hinder for it is unjust out of envy to hinder for it is unjust out of envy to hinder those that desire it those that desire it those that desire it to partake of the good things that come to partake of the good things that come to partake of the good things that come into the world according to god's will into the world according to god's will into the world according to god's will and this while the season is at the and this while the season is at the and this while the season is at the height and is hastening away as it height and is hastening away as it height and is hastening away as it pleases god pleases god pleases god nay if some out of bashfulness are nay if some out of bashfulness are nay if some out of bashfulness are unwilling to touch these fruits unwilling to touch these fruits unwilling to touch these fruits let them be encouraged to take of them i let them be encouraged to take of them i let them be encouraged to take of them i mean those that are israelites mean those that are israelites mean those that are israelites as if they were themselves the owners as if they were themselves the owners as if they were themselves the owners and lords on account of the kindred and lords on account of the kindred and lords on account of the kindred there is between them there is between them there is between them nay let them desire men that come from nay let them desire men that come from nay let them desire men that come from other countries other countries other countries to partake of these tokens of friendship to partake of these tokens of friendship to partake of these tokens of friendship which god has given in their proper which god has given in their proper which god has given in their proper season season season for that is not to be deemed as idly for that is not to be deemed as idly for that is not to be deemed as idly spent which anyone out of kindness spent which anyone out of kindness spent which anyone out of kindness communicates to another since god communicates to another since god communicates to another since god bestows plenty of good things on men bestows plenty of good things on men bestows plenty of good things on men not only for themselves to reap the not only for themselves to reap the not only for themselves to reap the advantage but also to give to others in advantage but also to give to others in advantage but also to give to others in a way a way a way of generosity and he is desirous by this of generosity and he is desirous by this of generosity and he is desirous by this means means means to make known to others his peculiar to make known to others his peculiar to make known to others his peculiar kindness to the people of israel kindness to the people of israel kindness to the people of israel and how freely he communicates happiness and how freely he communicates happiness and how freely he communicates happiness to them to them to them while they abundantly communicate out of while they abundantly communicate out of while they abundantly communicate out of their great superfluities to even these their great superfluities to even these their great superfluities to even these foreigners also foreigners also foreigners also but for him that acts contrary to this but for him that acts contrary to this but for him that acts contrary to this law let him be beaten with 40 stripes law let him be beaten with 40 stripes law let him be beaten with 40 stripes save one by the public executioner let

save one by the public executioner let save one by the public executioner let him undergo this punishment him undergo this punishment him undergo this punishment which is a most ignominious one for a which is a most ignominious one for a which is a most ignominious one for a free man free man free man and this because he was such a slave to and this because he was such a slave to and this because he was such a slave to gain as to lay a blot upon his dignity gain as to lay a blot upon his dignity gain as to lay a blot upon his dignity for it is proper for you who have had for it is proper for you who have had for it is proper for you who have had the experience of the afflictions in the experience of the afflictions in the experience of the afflictions in egypt and of those in the wilderness to egypt and of those in the wilderness to egypt and of those in the wilderness to make provision for those that are in the make provision for those that are in the make provision for those that are in the like circumstances like circumstances like circumstances and while you have now obtained plenty and while you have now obtained plenty and while you have now obtained plenty yourselves yourselves yourselves through the mercy and providence of god through the mercy and providence of god through the mercy and providence of god to distribute of the same plenty by the to distribute of the same plenty by the to distribute of the same plenty by the like sympathy like sympathy like sympathy to such as stand in need of it besides to such as stand in need of it besides to such as stand in need of it besides those two those two those two tithes which i have already said you are tithes which i have already said you are tithes which i have already said you are to pay every year to pay every year to pay every year the one for the levites the other for the one for the levites the other for the one for the levites the other for the festivals the festivals the festivals you are to bring every third year a you are to bring every third year a you are to bring every third year a third tithe to be distributed to those third tithe to be distributed to those third tithe to be distributed to those that want that want that want to women also that are widows and to to women also that are widows and to to women also that are widows and to children that are orphans children that are orphans children that are orphans but as to the ripe fruits let them carry but as to the ripe fruits let them carry but as to the ripe fruits let them carry that which is right first of all into that which is right first of all into that which is right first of all into the temple the temple the temple and when they have blessed god for that and when they have blessed god for that and when they have blessed god for that land which bear them land which bear them land which bear them in which he had given them for a in which he had given them for a in which he had given them for a possession when they have also offered possession when they have also offered possession when they have also offered those sacrifices which the law has those sacrifices which the law has those sacrifices which the law has commanded them to bring commanded them to bring commanded them to bring let them give the first fruits to the let them give the first fruits to the let them give the first fruits to the priests priests priests but when any hath done this and hath but when any hath done this and hath but when any hath done this and hath brought the tithe of all that he hath brought the tithe of all that he hath brought the tithe of all that he hath together with those first fruits that together with those first fruits that together with those first fruits that are for the levites and for the are for the levites and for the are for the levites and for the festivals festivals festivals and when he is about to go home let him and when he is about to go home let him and when he is about to go home let him stand before the holy house stand before the holy house stand before the holy house and return thanks to god that he hath and return thanks to god that he hath and return thanks to god that he hath delivered him from the injurious delivered him from the injurious delivered him from the injurious treatment they had in egypt treatment they had in egypt treatment they had in egypt and hath given them a good land and a

and hath given them a good land and a and hath given them a good land and a large and lets them enjoy the fruits large and lets them enjoy the fruits large and lets them enjoy the fruits thereof thereof thereof and when he hath openly testified that and when he hath openly testified that and when he hath openly testified that he hath fully paid the tithes he hath fully paid the tithes he hath fully paid the tithes and other dues according to the laws of and other dues according to the laws of and other dues according to the laws of moses moses moses let him entreat god that he will be ever let him entreat god that he will be ever let him entreat god that he will be ever merciful and gracious to him merciful and gracious to him merciful and gracious to him and continue so to be to all the hebrews and continue so to be to all the hebrews and continue so to be to all the hebrews both by preserving the good things which both by preserving the good things which both by preserving the good things which he hath already given them he hath already given them he hath already given them and by adding what it is still in his and by adding what it is still in his and by adding what it is still in his power to bestow upon them power to bestow upon them power to bestow upon them let the hebrews marry at the age fit for let the hebrews marry at the age fit for let the hebrews marry at the age fit for it it it virgins that are free and born of good virgins that are free and born of good virgins that are free and born of good parents parents parents and he that does not marry a virgin let and he that does not marry a virgin let and he that does not marry a virgin let him not corrupt another man's wife and him not corrupt another man's wife and him not corrupt another man's wife and marry her marry her marry her nor grieve her former husband nor let nor grieve her former husband nor let nor grieve her former husband nor let free men marry free men marry free men marry slaves although their affections should slaves although their affections should slaves although their affections should strongly bias any of them so to do strongly bias any of them so to do strongly bias any of them so to do for it is decent and for the dignity of for it is decent and for the dignity of for it is decent and for the dignity of the persons themselves the persons themselves the persons themselves to govern those their affections and to govern those their affections and to govern those their affections and further further further no one ought to marry a harlot whose no one ought to marry a harlot whose no one ought to marry a harlot whose matrimonial oblations matrimonial oblations matrimonial oblations arising from the prostitution of her arising from the prostitution of her arising from the prostitution of her body god will not receive body god will not receive body god will not receive for by these means the dispositions of for by these means the dispositions of for by these means the dispositions of the children will be liberal and the children will be liberal and the children will be liberal and virtuous virtuous virtuous i mean when they are not born of base i mean when they are not born of base i mean when they are not born of base parents and of the lustful conjunction parents and of the lustful conjunction parents and of the lustful conjunction of such as merry women that are not free of such as merry women that are not free of such as merry women that are not free if anyone has been espoused to a woman if anyone has been espoused to a woman if anyone has been espoused to a woman as to a virgin as to a virgin as to a virgin and does not afterward find her so to be and does not afterward find her so to be and does not afterward find her so to be let him bring his action let him bring his action let him bring his action and accuse her and let him make use of and accuse her and let him make use of and accuse her and let him make use of such indications to prove his accusation

such indications to prove his accusation such indications to prove his accusation as he is furnished with all and let the as he is furnished with all and let the as he is furnished with all and let the father or the brother of the damsel father or the brother of the damsel father or the brother of the damsel or someone that is after them nearest of or someone that is after them nearest of or someone that is after them nearest of kin to her kin to her kin to her defend her if the damsel obtain a defend her if the damsel obtain a defend her if the damsel obtain a sentence in her favor sentence in her favor sentence in her favor that she had not been guilty let her that she had not been guilty let her that she had not been guilty let her live with her husband live with her husband live with her husband that accused her and let him not have that accused her and let him not have that accused her and let him not have any further power at all to put her away any further power at all to put her away any further power at all to put her away unless she give him very great occasions unless she give him very great occasions unless she give him very great occasions of suspicion of suspicion of suspicion and such as can be no way contradicted and such as can be no way contradicted and such as can be no way contradicted but for him that brings an accusation but for him that brings an accusation but for him that brings an accusation and calumny against his wife and calumny against his wife and calumny against his wife in an impudent and rash manner let him in an impudent and rash manner let him in an impudent and rash manner let him be punished by receiving 40 stripes save be punished by receiving 40 stripes save be punished by receiving 40 stripes save one one one and let him pay 50 shekels to the father and let him pay 50 shekels to the father and let him pay 50 shekels to the father but if the damsel be convicted as having but if the damsel be convicted as having but if the damsel be convicted as having been corrupted been corrupted been corrupted and is one of the common people let her and is one of the common people let her and is one of the common people let her be stoned be stoned be stoned because she did not preserve her because she did not preserve her because she did not preserve her virginity till she were lawfully married virginity till she were lawfully married virginity till she were lawfully married but if she were the daughter of a priest but if she were the daughter of a priest but if she were the daughter of a priest let her be burnt alive let her be burnt alive let her be burnt alive if anyone has two wives and if he if anyone has two wives and if he if anyone has two wives and if he greatly respect and be kind to one of greatly respect and be kind to one of greatly respect and be kind to one of them them them either out of his affection for her or either out of his affection for her or either out of his affection for her or for her beauty for her beauty for her beauty or for some other reason while the other or for some other reason while the other or for some other reason while the other is of less esteem with him is of less esteem with him is of less esteem with him and if the son of her that is beloved be and if the son of her that is beloved be and if the son of her that is beloved be the younger by birth the younger by birth the younger by birth than another born of the other wife but than another born of the other wife but than another born of the other wife but endeavors to obtain the right of endeavors to obtain the right of endeavors to obtain the right of primogenitor from his father's kindness primogenitor from his father's kindness primogenitor from his father's kindness to his mother to his mother to his mother and would thereby obtain a double and would thereby obtain a double and would thereby obtain a double portion of his father's substance portion of his father's substance portion of his father's substance for that double portion is what i have for that double portion is what i have for that double portion is what i have allotted him in the laws allotted him in the laws allotted him in the laws let not this be permitted for it is

let not this be permitted for it is let not this be permitted for it is unjust that he who is the elder by birth unjust that he who is the elder by birth unjust that he who is the elder by birth should be deprived of what is due to him should be deprived of what is due to him should be deprived of what is due to him on the father's disposition of his on the father's disposition of his on the father's disposition of his estate estate estate because his mother was not equally because his mother was not equally because his mother was not equally regarded by him regarded by him regarded by him he that hath corrupted a damsel espoused he that hath corrupted a damsel espoused he that hath corrupted a damsel espoused to another man to another man to another man in case he had her consent let both him in case he had her consent let both him in case he had her consent let both him and her be put to death and her be put to death and her be put to death for they are both equally guilty the man for they are both equally guilty the man for they are both equally guilty the man because he persuaded the woman willingly because he persuaded the woman willingly because he persuaded the woman willingly to submit to a most impure action to submit to a most impure action to submit to a most impure action and to prefer it to a lawful wedlock the and to prefer it to a lawful wedlock the and to prefer it to a lawful wedlock the woman woman woman because she was persuaded to yield because she was persuaded to yield because she was persuaded to yield herself to be corrupted herself to be corrupted herself to be corrupted either for pleasure or for gain however either for pleasure or for gain however either for pleasure or for gain however if a man light on a woman when she is if a man light on a woman when she is if a man light on a woman when she is alone enforces her alone enforces her alone enforces her where nobody was present to come to her where nobody was present to come to her where nobody was present to come to her assistance assistance assistance let him only be put to death let him let him only be put to death let him let him only be put to death let him that hath corrupted a virgin that hath corrupted a virgin that hath corrupted a virgin not yet espoused marry her but if the not yet espoused marry her but if the not yet espoused marry her but if the father of the damsel be not willing that father of the damsel be not willing that father of the damsel be not willing that she should be his wife she should be his wife she should be his wife let him pay 50 shekels as the price of let him pay 50 shekels as the price of let him pay 50 shekels as the price of her prostitution her prostitution her prostitution he that desires to be divorced from his he that desires to be divorced from his he that desires to be divorced from his wife for any cause whatsoever wife for any cause whatsoever wife for any cause whatsoever and many such causes happen among men and many such causes happen among men and many such causes happen among men let him in writing give assurance that let him in writing give assurance that let him in writing give assurance that he will never use her as his wife he will never use her as his wife he will never use her as his wife anymore anymore anymore for by this means she may be at liberty for by this means she may be at liberty for by this means she may be at liberty to marry another husband to marry another husband to marry another husband although before this bill of divorce be although before this bill of divorce be although before this bill of divorce be given she is not to be permitted so to given she is not to be permitted so to given she is not to be permitted so to do do do but if she be misused by him also or but if she be misused by him also or but if she be misused by him also or if when he is dead her first husband if when he is dead her first husband if when he is dead her first husband would marry her again

would marry her again would marry her again it shall not be lawful for her to return it shall not be lawful for her to return it shall not be lawful for her to return to him to him to him if a woman's husband die and leave her if a woman's husband die and leave her if a woman's husband die and leave her without children without children without children let his brother marry her and let him let his brother marry her and let him let his brother marry her and let him call the son that is born to him by his call the son that is born to him by his call the son that is born to him by his brother's name brother's name brother's name and educate him as the heir of his and educate him as the heir of his and educate him as the heir of his inheritance inheritance inheritance for this procedure will be for the for this procedure will be for the for this procedure will be for the benefit of the public benefit of the public benefit of the public because thereby families will not fail because thereby families will not fail because thereby families will not fail and the estate will continue among the and the estate will continue among the and the estate will continue among the kindred kindred kindred and this will be for the solace of wives and this will be for the solace of wives and this will be for the solace of wives under their affliction under their affliction under their affliction that they are to be married to the next that they are to be married to the next that they are to be married to the next relation of their former husbands relation of their former husbands relation of their former husbands but if the brother will not marry her but if the brother will not marry her but if the brother will not marry her let the woman come before the senate let the woman come before the senate let the woman come before the senate and protest openly that this brother and protest openly that this brother and protest openly that this brother will not admit her for his wife will not admit her for his wife will not admit her for his wife but will injure the memory of his but will injure the memory of his but will injure the memory of his deceased brother while she is willing to deceased brother while she is willing to deceased brother while she is willing to continue in the family continue in the family continue in the family and to bear him children and when the and to bear him children and when the and to bear him children and when the senate have inquired of him for what senate have inquired of him for what senate have inquired of him for what reason it is reason it is reason it is that he is averse to this marriage that he is averse to this marriage that he is averse to this marriage whether he gives a good or a bad reason whether he gives a good or a bad reason whether he gives a good or a bad reason the matter must come to this issue that the matter must come to this issue that the matter must come to this issue that the woman shall loose the sandals of the the woman shall loose the sandals of the the woman shall loose the sandals of the brother and shall spit in his face and brother and shall spit in his face and brother and shall spit in his face and say say say he deserves this reproachful treatment he deserves this reproachful treatment he deserves this reproachful treatment from her as having injured the memory of from her as having injured the memory of from her as having injured the memory of the deceased the deceased the deceased and then let him go away out of the and then let him go away out of the and then let him go away out of the senate and bear this reproach upon him senate and bear this reproach upon him senate and bear this reproach upon him all his life all his life all his life long and let her marry to whom she long and let her marry to whom she long and let her marry to whom she pleases pleases pleases of such as seeker in marriage but now if of such as seeker in marriage but now if of such as seeker in marriage but now if any men any men any men take captive either a virgin or one that take captive either a virgin or one that take captive either a virgin or one that hath been married hath been married hath been married and has a mind to marry her let him not

and has a mind to marry her let him not and has a mind to marry her let him not be allowed to bring her to bed with him be allowed to bring her to bed with him be allowed to bring her to bed with him or to live with her as his wife before or to live with her as his wife before or to live with her as his wife before she hath her head shaven she hath her head shaven she hath her head shaven and hath put on her morning habit and and hath put on her morning habit and and hath put on her morning habit and lamented her relations and friends that lamented her relations and friends that lamented her relations and friends that were slain in the battle were slain in the battle were slain in the battle that by this means she may give vent to that by this means she may give vent to that by this means she may give vent to her sorrow for them her sorrow for them her sorrow for them and after that may be take herself to and after that may be take herself to and after that may be take herself to feasting in matrimony feasting in matrimony feasting in matrimony for it is good for him that takes a for it is good for him that takes a for it is good for him that takes a woman in order to have children by her woman in order to have children by her woman in order to have children by her to be complacent to her inclinations and to be complacent to her inclinations and to be complacent to her inclinations and not merely to pursue his own pleasure not merely to pursue his own pleasure not merely to pursue his own pleasure while he has no regard to what is while he has no regard to what is while he has no regard to what is agreeable to her agreeable to her agreeable to her but when thirty days is passed as the but when thirty days is passed as the but when thirty days is passed as the time of mourning time of mourning time of mourning for so many are sufficient to prudent for so many are sufficient to prudent for so many are sufficient to prudent persons for lamenting the dearest persons for lamenting the dearest persons for lamenting the dearest friends friends friends then let them proceed to the marriage then let them proceed to the marriage then let them proceed to the marriage but in case when he hath satisfied his but in case when he hath satisfied his but in case when he hath satisfied his lust lust lust he be too proud to retain her for his he be too proud to retain her for his he be too proud to retain her for his wife wife wife let him not have it in his power to make let him not have it in his power to make let him not have it in his power to make her a slave her a slave her a slave but let her go away whether she pleases but let her go away whether she pleases but let her go away whether she pleases and have that privilege of a free woman and have that privilege of a free woman and have that privilege of a free woman as to those young men that despise their as to those young men that despise their as to those young men that despise their parents and do not pay them honor parents and do not pay them honor parents and do not pay them honor but offer them a fronts either because but offer them a fronts either because but offer them a fronts either because they are ashamed of them or think they are ashamed of them or think they are ashamed of them or think themselves wiser than they themselves wiser than they themselves wiser than they in the first place let their parents in the first place let their parents in the first place let their parents admonish them in words admonish them in words admonish them in words for they are by nature of authority for they are by nature of authority for they are by nature of authority sufficient for becoming their judges sufficient for becoming their judges sufficient for becoming their judges and let them say thus to them that they and let them say thus to them that they and let them say thus to them that they cohabited together cohabited together cohabited together not for the sake of pleasure nor for the not for the sake of pleasure nor for the not for the sake of pleasure nor for the augmentation of their riches augmentation of their riches augmentation of their riches by joining both their stocks together by joining both their stocks together by joining both their stocks together but that they might have children to

but that they might have children to but that they might have children to take care of them in their old age take care of them in their old age take care of them in their old age and might by them have what they then and might by them have what they then and might by them have what they then should want should want should want and say further to him that when thou and say further to him that when thou and say further to him that when thou wast born wast born wast born we took thee up with gladness and gave we took thee up with gladness and gave we took thee up with gladness and gave god the greatest thanks for thee god the greatest thanks for thee god the greatest thanks for thee and brought thee up with great care and and brought thee up with great care and and brought thee up with great care and spared for nothing that appeared useful spared for nothing that appeared useful spared for nothing that appeared useful for thy preservation for thy preservation for thy preservation and for thy instruction in what was most and for thy instruction in what was most and for thy instruction in what was most excellent excellent excellent and now since it is reasonable to and now since it is reasonable to and now since it is reasonable to forgive the sins of those that are young forgive the sins of those that are young forgive the sins of those that are young let it suffice thee to have given so let it suffice thee to have given so let it suffice thee to have given so many indications of thy contempt of us many indications of thy contempt of us many indications of thy contempt of us reform thyself and act more wisely for reform thyself and act more wisely for reform thyself and act more wisely for the time to come the time to come the time to come considering that god is displeased with considering that god is displeased with considering that god is displeased with those that are insolent towards their those that are insolent towards their those that are insolent towards their parents parents parents because he is himself the father of the because he is himself the father of the because he is himself the father of the whole race of mankind whole race of mankind whole race of mankind and seems to bear part of that dishonor and seems to bear part of that dishonor and seems to bear part of that dishonor which falls upon those that have the which falls upon those that have the which falls upon those that have the same name same name same name when they do not meet with dire returns when they do not meet with dire returns when they do not meet with dire returns from their children from their children from their children and on such the law inflicts inexorable and on such the law inflicts inexorable and on such the law inflicts inexorable punishment punishment punishment of which punishment mayest thou never of which punishment mayest thou never of which punishment mayest thou never have the experience have the experience have the experience now if the insolence of young men be now if the insolence of young men be now if the insolence of young men be thus cured let them escape the reproach thus cured let them escape the reproach thus cured let them escape the reproach which their former errors deserved which their former errors deserved which their former errors deserved for by this means the lawgiver will for by this means the lawgiver will for by this means the lawgiver will appear to be good appear to be good appear to be good and parents happy while they never and parents happy while they never and parents happy while they never behold either a son behold either a son behold either a son or daughter brought to punishment but if or daughter brought to punishment but if or daughter brought to punishment but if it happened that these words and it happened that these words and it happened that these words and instructions instructions instructions conveyed by them in order to reclaim the conveyed by them in order to reclaim the conveyed by them in order to reclaim the man appear to be useless man appear to be useless man appear to be useless then the offender renders the law's then the offender renders the law's then the offender renders the law's implacable enemies to the insolence he implacable enemies to the insolence he implacable enemies to the insolence he has offered his parents

has offered his parents has offered his parents let him therefore be brought forth by let him therefore be brought forth by let him therefore be brought forth by these very parents out of the city these very parents out of the city these very parents out of the city with a multitude following him and there with a multitude following him and there with a multitude following him and there let him be stoned let him be stoned let him be stoned but when he has continued there for one but when he has continued there for one but when he has continued there for one whole day that all the people may see whole day that all the people may see whole day that all the people may see him him him let him be buried in the night and thus let him be buried in the night and thus let him be buried in the night and thus it is that we bury it is that we bury it is that we bury all whom the laws condemned to die upon all whom the laws condemned to die upon all whom the laws condemned to die upon any account whatsoever any account whatsoever any account whatsoever let our enemies that fall in battle be let our enemies that fall in battle be let our enemies that fall in battle be also buried also buried also buried nor let any one dead body lie above the nor let any one dead body lie above the nor let any one dead body lie above the ground ground ground or suffer a punishment beyond what or suffer a punishment beyond what or suffer a punishment beyond what justice requires justice requires justice requires let no one lend to any one of the let no one lend to any one of the let no one lend to any one of the hebrews upon your siree hebrews upon your siree hebrews upon your siree neither usury of what is eaten nor what neither usury of what is eaten nor what neither usury of what is eaten nor what is drunken is drunken is drunken for it is not just to make advantage of for it is not just to make advantage of for it is not just to make advantage of the misfortunes of one of thine own the misfortunes of one of thine own the misfortunes of one of thine own countrymen countrymen countrymen but when thou hast been assisted to his but when thou hast been assisted to his but when thou hast been assisted to his necessities necessities necessities thinketh thy gain if thou obtainest thinketh thy gain if thou obtainest thinketh thy gain if thou obtainest their gratitude to thee their gratitude to thee their gratitude to thee and with all that reward which will come and with all that reward which will come and with all that reward which will come to thee from god to thee from god to thee from god for thy humanity towards him those who for thy humanity towards him those who for thy humanity towards him those who have borrowed either silver or any sort have borrowed either silver or any sort have borrowed either silver or any sort of fruits whether dry or of fruits whether dry or of fruits whether dry or wet i mean this when the jewish affairs wet i mean this when the jewish affairs wet i mean this when the jewish affairs shall by the blessing of god be to their shall by the blessing of god be to their shall by the blessing of god be to their own mind own mind own mind let the borrowers bring them again and let the borrowers bring them again and let the borrowers bring them again and restore them with pleasure to those who restore them with pleasure to those who restore them with pleasure to those who lent them lent them lent them laying them up as it were in their own laying them up as it were in their own laying them up as it were in their own treasuries treasuries treasuries and justly expecting to receive them and justly expecting to receive them and justly expecting to receive them thence if they shall want them again thence if they shall want them again thence if they shall want them again but if they be without shame and do not but if they be without shame and do not but if they be without shame and do not restore it restore it restore it let not the lender go to the borrower's let not the lender go to the borrower's let not the lender go to the borrower's house and take a pledge himself

house and take a pledge himself house and take a pledge himself before judgment be given concerning it before judgment be given concerning it before judgment be given concerning it but let him require the pledge but let him require the pledge but let him require the pledge and let the debtor bring it up himself and let the debtor bring it up himself and let the debtor bring it up himself without the least opposition to him that without the least opposition to him that without the least opposition to him that comes upon him under the protection of comes upon him under the protection of comes upon him under the protection of the law the law the law and if he that gave the pledge be rich and if he that gave the pledge be rich and if he that gave the pledge be rich let the creditor retain it to what he let the creditor retain it to what he let the creditor retain it to what he lent be paid him again but if he be poor lent be paid him again but if he be poor lent be paid him again but if he be poor let him that takes it return it before let him that takes it return it before let him that takes it return it before the going down of the sun the going down of the sun the going down of the sun especially if the pledge be a garment especially if the pledge be a garment especially if the pledge be a garment that the debtor may have it for a that the debtor may have it for a that the debtor may have it for a covering in his sleep covering in his sleep covering in his sleep god himself naturally showing mercy to god himself naturally showing mercy to god himself naturally showing mercy to the poor the poor the poor it is also not lawful to take a it is also not lawful to take a it is also not lawful to take a millstone millstone millstone or any utensil thereto belonging for a or any utensil thereto belonging for a or any utensil thereto belonging for a pledge pledge pledge that the debtor may not be deprived of that the debtor may not be deprived of that the debtor may not be deprived of instruments to get their food with all instruments to get their food with all instruments to get their food with all unless they be undone by their necessity unless they be undone by their necessity unless they be undone by their necessity let death be the punishment for stealing let death be the punishment for stealing let death be the punishment for stealing a man but he that hath purloined gold or a man but he that hath purloined gold or a man but he that hath purloined gold or silver silver silver let him pay double if anyone kill a man let him pay double if anyone kill a man let him pay double if anyone kill a man that is stealing something out of his that is stealing something out of his that is stealing something out of his house house house let him be esteemed guiltless although let him be esteemed guiltless although let him be esteemed guiltless although the man were only breaking in at the the man were only breaking in at the the man were only breaking in at the wall wall wall let him that hath stolen cattle pay let him that hath stolen cattle pay let him that hath stolen cattle pay fourfold what is lost fourfold what is lost fourfold what is lost accepting the case of an ox for which accepting the case of an ox for which accepting the case of an ox for which let the thief pay let the thief pay let the thief pay fivefold let him that is so poor that he fivefold let him that is so poor that he fivefold let him that is so poor that he cannot pay what mulet is laid upon him cannot pay what mulet is laid upon him cannot pay what mulet is laid upon him be his servant to whom he was adjudged be his servant to whom he was adjudged be his servant to whom he was adjudged to pay it to pay it to pay it if anyone be sold to one of his own if anyone be sold to one of his own if anyone be sold to one of his own nation let him serve six years nation let him serve six years nation let him serve six years and on the seventh let him go free but and on the seventh let him go free but and on the seventh let him go free but if he have a son by a woman

if he have a son by a woman if he have a son by a woman servant in his purchaser's house and if servant in his purchaser's house and if servant in his purchaser's house and if on account of his goodwill to his master on account of his goodwill to his master on account of his goodwill to his master and his natural affection to his wife and his natural affection to his wife and his natural affection to his wife and children and children and children he will be his servant still let him be he will be his servant still let him be he will be his servant still let him be set free only at the coming of the year set free only at the coming of the year set free only at the coming of the year of jubilee of jubilee of jubilee which is the fiftieth year and let him which is the fiftieth year and let him which is the fiftieth year and let him then take away with him his children then take away with him his children then take away with him his children and wife and let them be free also and wife and let them be free also and wife and let them be free also if anyone find gold or silver on the if anyone find gold or silver on the if anyone find gold or silver on the road road road let him inquire after him that lost it let him inquire after him that lost it let him inquire after him that lost it and make proclamation of the place where and make proclamation of the place where and make proclamation of the place where he found it he found it he found it and then restore it to him again as not and then restore it to him again as not and then restore it to him again as not thinking it right to make his own profit thinking it right to make his own profit thinking it right to make his own profit by the loss of another by the loss of another by the loss of another and the same rule is to be observed in and the same rule is to be observed in and the same rule is to be observed in cattle found to have wandered away into cattle found to have wandered away into cattle found to have wandered away into a lonely place a lonely place a lonely place if the owner be not presently discovered if the owner be not presently discovered if the owner be not presently discovered let him that is the finder keep it with let him that is the finder keep it with let him that is the finder keep it with himself himself himself and appeal to god that he has not and appeal to god that he has not and appeal to god that he has not purloined what belongs to purloined what belongs to purloined what belongs to another it is not lawful to pass by any another it is not lawful to pass by any another it is not lawful to pass by any beast that is in distress beast that is in distress beast that is in distress when in a storm it has fallen down in when in a storm it has fallen down in when in a storm it has fallen down in the mire but to endeavor to preserve it the mire but to endeavor to preserve it the mire but to endeavor to preserve it as having a sympathy with it in its pain as having a sympathy with it in its pain as having a sympathy with it in its pain it is also a duty to show the roads to it is also a duty to show the roads to it is also a duty to show the roads to those who do not know them those who do not know them those who do not know them and not to esteem it a matter for sport and not to esteem it a matter for sport and not to esteem it a matter for sport when we hinder others advantages when we hinder others advantages when we hinder others advantages by setting them in a wrong way in like by setting them in a wrong way in like by setting them in a wrong way in like manner manner manner let no one revile a person blind or dumb let no one revile a person blind or dumb let no one revile a person blind or dumb end of book 4 chapter 8 part 2

or chapter 8 part 3 of the antiquities or chapter 8 part 3 of the antiquities of the jews volume 1. of the jews volume 1. of the jews volume 1. this is a librivox recording all this is a librivox recording all this is a librivox recording all librivox recordings are in the public librivox recordings are in the public librivox recordings are in the public domain domain domain for more information or to volunteer for more information or to volunteer for more information or to volunteer please visit librivox.org please visit librivox.org please visit librivox.org the antiquities of the jews volume 1 by the antiquities of the jews volume 1 by the antiquities of the jews volume 1 by flavius josephus flavius josephus flavius josephus translated by william wiston book 4 translated by william wiston book 4 translated by william wiston book 4 chapter 8 part 3. if men strive together chapter 8 part 3. if men strive together chapter 8 part 3. if men strive together and there be no instrument of iron let and there be no instrument of iron let and there be no instrument of iron let him that is smitten be avenged him that is smitten be avenged him that is smitten be avenged immediately by inflicting the same immediately by inflicting the same immediately by inflicting the same punishment on him that smote him punishment on him that smote him punishment on him that smote him but if when he is carried home he lie but if when he is carried home he lie but if when he is carried home he lie sick many days sick many days sick many days and then die let him that smote him not and then die let him that smote him not and then die let him that smote him not escape escape escape punishment but if he that is smitten punishment but if he that is smitten punishment but if he that is smitten escape escape escape death and yet be at great expense for death and yet be at great expense for death and yet be at great expense for his cure his cure his cure the smiter shall pay for all that has the smiter shall pay for all that has the smiter shall pay for all that has been expended during the time of his been expended during the time of his been expended during the time of his sickness sickness sickness and for all that he has paid the and for all that he has paid the and for all that he has paid the position position position he that kicks a woman with child so that he that kicks a woman with child so that he that kicks a woman with child so that the woman miscarry the woman miscarry the woman miscarry let him pay a fine in money as the let him pay a fine in money as the let him pay a fine in money as the judges shall determine judges shall determine judges shall determine as having diminished the multitude by as having diminished the multitude by as having diminished the multitude by the destruction of what was in her womb the destruction of what was in her womb the destruction of what was in her womb and let money also be given to the and let money also be given to the and let money also be given to the woman's husband by him that kicked her woman's husband by him that kicked her woman's husband by him that kicked her but if she die of the stroke let him but if she die of the stroke let him but if she die of the stroke let him also be put to death also be put to death also be put to death the law judging it equitable that life the law judging it equitable that life the law judging it equitable that life should go for life should go for life should go for life let no one of the israelites keep any let no one of the israelites keep any let no one of the israelites keep any poison that may cause poison that may cause poison that may cause death or any other harm but if he be death or any other harm but if he be death or any other harm but if he be caught with it caught with it caught with it let him be put to death and suffer the let him be put to death and suffer the let him be put to death and suffer the very same mischief that he would have

very same mischief that he would have very same mischief that he would have brought upon them for whom the poison brought upon them for whom the poison brought upon them for whom the poison was prepared was prepared was prepared he that maimeth anyone let him undergo he that maimeth anyone let him undergo he that maimeth anyone let him undergo the like himself the like himself the like himself and be deprived of the same member of and be deprived of the same member of and be deprived of the same member of which he hath deprived the other which he hath deprived the other which he hath deprived the other unless he that is maimed will accept of unless he that is maimed will accept of unless he that is maimed will accept of money instead of it money instead of it money instead of it for the law makes the sufferer the judge for the law makes the sufferer the judge for the law makes the sufferer the judge of the value of what he hath suffered of the value of what he hath suffered of the value of what he hath suffered and permits him to estimate it unless he and permits him to estimate it unless he and permits him to estimate it unless he will be more will be more will be more severe let him that is the owner of an severe let him that is the owner of an severe let him that is the owner of an ox which pusheth with his horn kill him ox which pusheth with his horn kill him ox which pusheth with his horn kill him but if he pushes and gores anyone in the but if he pushes and gores anyone in the but if he pushes and gores anyone in the threshing floor threshing floor threshing floor let him be put to death by stoning and let him be put to death by stoning and let him be put to death by stoning and let him not be thought fit for food let him not be thought fit for food let him not be thought fit for food but if his owner be convicted as having but if his owner be convicted as having but if his owner be convicted as having known what his nature was known what his nature was known what his nature was and hath not kept him up let him also be and hath not kept him up let him also be and hath not kept him up let him also be put to death put to death put to death as being the occasion of the oxes having as being the occasion of the oxes having as being the occasion of the oxes having killed a man killed a man killed a man but if the ox have killed a manservant but if the ox have killed a manservant but if the ox have killed a manservant or a maidservant let him be stoned or a maidservant let him be stoned or a maidservant let him be stoned and let the owner of the ox pay 30 and let the owner of the ox pay 30 and let the owner of the ox pay 30 shekels to the master of him that was shekels to the master of him that was shekels to the master of him that was slain slain slain but if it be an ox that is thus smitten but if it be an ox that is thus smitten but if it be an ox that is thus smitten and killed and killed and killed let both the oxen that which smote the let both the oxen that which smote the let both the oxen that which smote the other and that which was killed other and that which was killed other and that which was killed be sold and let the owners of them be sold and let the owners of them be sold and let the owners of them divide their price between them divide their price between them divide their price between them let those that dig a well or a pit be let those that dig a well or a pit be let those that dig a well or a pit be careful to lay planks over them careful to lay planks over them careful to lay planks over them and so keep them shut up not in order to and so keep them shut up not in order to and so keep them shut up not in order to hinder any persons from drawing water hinder any persons from drawing water hinder any persons from drawing water but that there may be no danger of but that there may be no danger of but that there may be no danger of falling into them falling into them falling into them but if anyone's beast fall into such a but if anyone's beast fall into such a but if anyone's beast fall into such a well or pit

well or pit well or pit thus digged and not shut up and perish thus digged and not shut up and perish thus digged and not shut up and perish let the owner pay its price to the owner let the owner pay its price to the owner let the owner pay its price to the owner of the beast of the beast of the beast let there be a battlement around the let there be a battlement around the let there be a battlement around the tops of your houses tops of your houses tops of your houses instead of a wall that may prevent any instead of a wall that may prevent any instead of a wall that may prevent any persons from rolling down persons from rolling down persons from rolling down and perishing let him that has received and perishing let him that has received and perishing let him that has received anything and trust for another take care anything and trust for another take care anything and trust for another take care to keep it as a sacred and divine thing to keep it as a sacred and divine thing to keep it as a sacred and divine thing and let no one invent any contrivance and let no one invent any contrivance and let no one invent any contrivance whereby to deprive him that hath whereby to deprive him that hath whereby to deprive him that hath entrusted it with him of the same entrusted it with him of the same entrusted it with him of the same and this whether he be a man or a woman and this whether he be a man or a woman and this whether he be a man or a woman no no no not although he or she were to gain an not although he or she were to gain an not although he or she were to gain an immense sum of gold immense sum of gold immense sum of gold and this where he cannot be convicted of and this where he cannot be convicted of and this where he cannot be convicted of it by anybody it by anybody it by anybody for it is fit that a man's own for it is fit that a man's own for it is fit that a man's own conscience which knows what he hath conscience which knows what he hath conscience which knows what he hath should in all cases oblige him to do should in all cases oblige him to do should in all cases oblige him to do well well well let this conscience be his witness and let this conscience be his witness and let this conscience be his witness and make him always act so as may procure make him always act so as may procure make him always act so as may procure him commendation from him commendation from him commendation from others but let him chiefly have regard others but let him chiefly have regard others but let him chiefly have regard to god to god to god from whom no wicked man can lie from whom no wicked man can lie from whom no wicked man can lie concealed concealed concealed but if he in whom the trust was reposed but if he in whom the trust was reposed but if he in whom the trust was reposed without any deceit of his without any deceit of his without any deceit of his own lose what he was entrusted with all own lose what he was entrusted with all own lose what he was entrusted with all let him come before the seven judges let him come before the seven judges let him come before the seven judges and swear by god that nothing hath been and swear by god that nothing hath been and swear by god that nothing hath been lost willingly or with a wicked lost willingly or with a wicked lost willingly or with a wicked intention intention intention and that he hath not made use of any and that he hath not made use of any and that he hath not made use of any part thereof part thereof part thereof and so let him depart without blame but and so let him depart without blame but and so let him depart without blame but if he hath made use of the least part of if he hath made use of the least part of if he hath made use of the least part of what was committed to him what was committed to him what was committed to him and it be lost let him be condemned to and it be lost let him be condemned to and it be lost let him be condemned to pay all that he had received pay all that he had received pay all that he had received after the same manner as in these trusts

after the same manner as in these trusts after the same manner as in these trusts it is to be it is to be it is to be if anyone defraud those that undergo if anyone defraud those that undergo if anyone defraud those that undergo bodily labor for him bodily labor for him bodily labor for him and let it be always remembered that we and let it be always remembered that we and let it be always remembered that we are not to defraud a poor man of his are not to defraud a poor man of his are not to defraud a poor man of his wages wages wages as being sensible that god has allotted as being sensible that god has allotted as being sensible that god has allotted these wages to him these wages to him these wages to him instead of land and other possessions instead of land and other possessions instead of land and other possessions nay this payment is not at all to be nay this payment is not at all to be nay this payment is not at all to be delayed delayed delayed but to be made that very day since god but to be made that very day since god but to be made that very day since god is not willing to deprive the laborer of is not willing to deprive the laborer of is not willing to deprive the laborer of the immediate use of what he has labored the immediate use of what he has labored the immediate use of what he has labored for for for you are not to punish children for the you are not to punish children for the you are not to punish children for the faults of their parents faults of their parents faults of their parents but on account of their own virtue but on account of their own virtue but on account of their own virtue rather to vouchsafe them commiseration rather to vouchsafe them commiseration rather to vouchsafe them commiseration because they were born of wicked parents because they were born of wicked parents because they were born of wicked parents than hatred than hatred than hatred because they were born of bad ones nor because they were born of bad ones nor because they were born of bad ones nor indeed ought we to impute the sin of indeed ought we to impute the sin of indeed ought we to impute the sin of children to their fathers children to their fathers children to their fathers while young persons indulge themselves while young persons indulge themselves while young persons indulge themselves in many practices in many practices in many practices different from what they have been different from what they have been different from what they have been instructed in and this by their proud instructed in and this by their proud instructed in and this by their proud refusal of such instruction refusal of such instruction refusal of such instruction let those that have made themselves let those that have made themselves let those that have made themselves eunuchs be had in detestation eunuchs be had in detestation eunuchs be had in detestation and do you avoid any conversation with and do you avoid any conversation with and do you avoid any conversation with them who have deprived themselves of them who have deprived themselves of them who have deprived themselves of their manhood their manhood their manhood and of that fruit of generation which and of that fruit of generation which and of that fruit of generation which god has given to men for the increase of god has given to men for the increase of god has given to men for the increase of their kind their kind their kind let such be driven away as if they had let such be driven away as if they had let such be driven away as if they had killed their children killed their children killed their children since they beforehand have lost what since they beforehand have lost what since they beforehand have lost what should procure them should procure them should procure them for evident it is that while their soul for evident it is that while their soul for evident it is that while their soul has become effeminate has become effeminate has become effeminate they have with all transfused that they have with all transfused that they have with all transfused that effeminacy to their body effeminacy to their body effeminacy to their body also in like manner do you treat also in like manner do you treat also in like manner do you treat all that is of a monstrous nature when

all that is of a monstrous nature when all that is of a monstrous nature when it is looked on it is looked on it is looked on nor is it lawful to geld men or any nor is it lawful to geld men or any nor is it lawful to geld men or any other animals other animals other animals let this be the constitution of your let this be the constitution of your let this be the constitution of your political laws in time of peace political laws in time of peace political laws in time of peace and god will be so merciful as to and god will be so merciful as to and god will be so merciful as to preserve this excellent settlement free preserve this excellent settlement free preserve this excellent settlement free from disturbance from disturbance from disturbance and may that time never come which may and may that time never come which may and may that time never come which may innovate anything innovate anything innovate anything and change it for the contrary but since and change it for the contrary but since and change it for the contrary but since it must needs happen that mankind fall it must needs happen that mankind fall it must needs happen that mankind fall into troubles and dangers into troubles and dangers into troubles and dangers either undesiredly or intentionally come either undesiredly or intentionally come either undesiredly or intentionally come let us make a few constitutions let us make a few constitutions let us make a few constitutions concerning them concerning them concerning them that so being apprised beforehand what that so being apprised beforehand what that so being apprised beforehand what ought to be done ought to be done ought to be done you may have salutary councils ready you may have salutary councils ready you may have salutary councils ready when you want them when you want them when you want them and may not then be obliged to go and and may not then be obliged to go and and may not then be obliged to go and seek what is to be done seek what is to be done seek what is to be done and so be unprovided and fall into and so be unprovided and fall into and so be unprovided and fall into dangerous circumstances dangerous circumstances dangerous circumstances may you be a laborious people and may you be a laborious people and may you be a laborious people and exercise your souls in virtuous actions exercise your souls in virtuous actions exercise your souls in virtuous actions and thereby possess and inherit the land and thereby possess and inherit the land and thereby possess and inherit the land without wars without wars without wars while neither any foreigners make war while neither any foreigners make war while neither any foreigners make war upon it and so inflict you upon it and so inflict you upon it and so inflict you nor any internal sedition sees upon it nor any internal sedition sees upon it nor any internal sedition sees upon it whereby you may do things that are whereby you may do things that are whereby you may do things that are contrary to your fathers contrary to your fathers contrary to your fathers and so lose the laws which they have and so lose the laws which they have and so lose the laws which they have established established established and you may continue in all the and you may continue in all the and you may continue in all the observation of these laws which god hath observation of these laws which god hath observation of these laws which god hath approved of approved of approved of and hath delivered to you but all sort and hath delivered to you but all sort and hath delivered to you but all sort of warlike operations of warlike operations of warlike operations whether they befall you now in your own whether they befall you now in your own whether they befall you now in your own time or hereafter in the times of your time or hereafter in the times of your time or hereafter in the times of your posterity posterity posterity be done out of your own borders but when

be done out of your own borders but when be done out of your own borders but when you are about to go to war you are about to go to war you are about to go to war send embassages and heralds to those who send embassages and heralds to those who send embassages and heralds to those who are your voluntary enemies are your voluntary enemies are your voluntary enemies for it is a right thing to make use of for it is a right thing to make use of for it is a right thing to make use of words to them before you come to your words to them before you come to your words to them before you come to your weapons of war weapons of war weapons of war and assure them thereby that although and assure them thereby that although and assure them thereby that although you have a numerous you have a numerous you have a numerous army with horses and weapons and above army with horses and weapons and above army with horses and weapons and above these a god merciful to you these a god merciful to you these a god merciful to you and ready to assist you you do however and ready to assist you you do however and ready to assist you you do however desire them not to compel you to fight desire them not to compel you to fight desire them not to compel you to fight against them against them against them nor to take from them what they have nor to take from them what they have nor to take from them what they have which will indeed be which will indeed be which will indeed be our gain but what they will have no our gain but what they will have no our gain but what they will have no reason to wish we should take to reason to wish we should take to reason to wish we should take to ourselves ourselves ourselves and if they hearken to you it will be and if they hearken to you it will be and if they hearken to you it will be proper for you to keep peace with them proper for you to keep peace with them proper for you to keep peace with them but if they trust in their own strength but if they trust in their own strength but if they trust in their own strength as superior to yours as superior to yours as superior to yours and will not do you justice lead your and will not do you justice lead your and will not do you justice lead your army against them army against them army against them making use of god as your supreme making use of god as your supreme making use of god as your supreme commander but ordaining for a lieutenant commander but ordaining for a lieutenant commander but ordaining for a lieutenant under him one that is of the greatest under him one that is of the greatest under him one that is of the greatest courage among you courage among you courage among you for these different commanders besides for these different commanders besides for these different commanders besides there being an obstacle to actions that there being an obstacle to actions that there being an obstacle to actions that are to be done on the sudden are to be done on the sudden are to be done on the sudden are a disadvantage to those that make are a disadvantage to those that make are a disadvantage to those that make use of them use of them use of them lead an army pure and of chosen men lead an army pure and of chosen men lead an army pure and of chosen men composed of all such as have composed of all such as have composed of all such as have extraordinary strength of body extraordinary strength of body extraordinary strength of body and heartiness of soul but do you send and heartiness of soul but do you send and heartiness of soul but do you send away the timorous part away the timorous part away the timorous part lest they run away in the time of action lest they run away in the time of action lest they run away in the time of action and so afford an advantage to your and so afford an advantage to your and so afford an advantage to your enemies enemies enemies do you also give leave to those that do you also give leave to those that do you also give leave to those that have lately built them houses have lately built them houses have lately built them houses and have not yet lived in them a year's and have not yet lived in them a year's and have not yet lived in them a year's time and to those that have planted them

time and to those that have planted them time and to those that have planted them vineyards and have not yet been vineyards and have not yet been vineyards and have not yet been partakers of their fruits partakers of their fruits partakers of their fruits to continue in their own country as well to continue in their own country as well to continue in their own country as well as those also who have betrothed or as those also who have betrothed or as those also who have betrothed or lately married them wives lately married them wives lately married them wives lest they have such an affection for lest they have such an affection for lest they have such an affection for these things that they be too sparing of these things that they be too sparing of these things that they be too sparing of their lives their lives their lives and by reserving themselves for these and by reserving themselves for these and by reserving themselves for these enjoyments they become voluntary cowards enjoyments they become voluntary cowards enjoyments they become voluntary cowards on account of their wives on account of their wives on account of their wives when you have pitched your camp take when you have pitched your camp take when you have pitched your camp take care that you do nothing that is cruel care that you do nothing that is cruel care that you do nothing that is cruel and when you are engaged in a siege and and when you are engaged in a siege and and when you are engaged in a siege and want timber for the making of warlike want timber for the making of warlike want timber for the making of warlike engines engines engines do not you render the land naked by do not you render the land naked by do not you render the land naked by cutting down trees that bear fruit cutting down trees that bear fruit cutting down trees that bear fruit but spare them as considering that they but spare them as considering that they but spare them as considering that they were made for the benefit of men were made for the benefit of men were made for the benefit of men and that if they could speak they would and that if they could speak they would and that if they could speak they would have a just plea against you have a just plea against you have a just plea against you because though they are not occasions of because though they are not occasions of because though they are not occasions of the war they are unjustly treated and the war they are unjustly treated and the war they are unjustly treated and suffer in it suffer in it suffer in it and would if they were able remove and would if they were able remove and would if they were able remove themselves into another land themselves into another land themselves into another land when you have beaten your enemies in when you have beaten your enemies in when you have beaten your enemies in battle slay those that have fought battle slay those that have fought battle slay those that have fought against you against you against you but preserve the others alive that they but preserve the others alive that they but preserve the others alive that they may pay you tribute may pay you tribute may pay you tribute accepting the nation of the canaanites accepting the nation of the canaanites accepting the nation of the canaanites for as to that people for as to that people for as to that people you must entirely destroy them you must entirely destroy them you must entirely destroy them take care especially in your battles take care especially in your battles take care especially in your battles that no woman used the habit of a man that no woman used the habit of a man that no woman used the habit of a man nor man the garment of a woman this was nor man the garment of a woman this was nor man the garment of a woman this was the form of political government which the form of political government which the form of political government which was left us by moses was left us by moses was left us by moses moreover he had already delivered laws moreover he had already delivered laws moreover he had already delivered laws in writing in the 40th year

in writing in the 40th year in writing in the 40th year after they came out of egypt concerning after they came out of egypt concerning after they came out of egypt concerning which we will discourse in another book which we will discourse in another book which we will discourse in another book but now on the following days where he but now on the following days where he but now on the following days where he called them to assemble continually called them to assemble continually called them to assemble continually he delivered blessings to them and he delivered blessings to them and he delivered blessings to them and curses upon those that should not live curses upon those that should not live curses upon those that should not live according to the laws according to the laws according to the laws but should transgress the duties that but should transgress the duties that but should transgress the duties that were determined for them to observe were determined for them to observe were determined for them to observe after this he read to them a poetic song after this he read to them a poetic song after this he read to them a poetic song which was composed in hexameter verse which was composed in hexameter verse which was composed in hexameter verse and left it to them in the holy book it and left it to them in the holy book it and left it to them in the holy book it contained a prediction of what was to contained a prediction of what was to contained a prediction of what was to come to pass come to pass come to pass afterward agreeably whereto all things afterward agreeably whereto all things afterward agreeably whereto all things have happened all along have happened all along have happened all along and do still happen to us and wherein he and do still happen to us and wherein he and do still happen to us and wherein he has not at all deviated from the truth has not at all deviated from the truth has not at all deviated from the truth accordingly he delivered these books to accordingly he delivered these books to accordingly he delivered these books to the priest with the ark the priest with the ark the priest with the ark into which he also put the ten into which he also put the ten into which he also put the ten commandments written on two tables commandments written on two tables commandments written on two tables he delivered to them the tabernacle also he delivered to them the tabernacle also he delivered to them the tabernacle also and exhorted the people and exhorted the people and exhorted the people that when they had conquered the land that when they had conquered the land that when they had conquered the land and were settled in it and were settled in it and were settled in it they should not forget the injuries of they should not forget the injuries of they should not forget the injuries of the amalekites the amalekites the amalekites but make war against them and inflict but make war against them and inflict but make war against them and inflict punishment upon them for what mischief punishment upon them for what mischief punishment upon them for what mischief they did them when they were in the they did them when they were in the they did them when they were in the wilderness wilderness wilderness and that when they got possession of the and that when they got possession of the and that when they got possession of the land of the canaanites land of the canaanites land of the canaanites and when they had destroyed the whole and when they had destroyed the whole and when they had destroyed the whole multitude of its inhabitants multitude of its inhabitants multitude of its inhabitants as they ought to do they should erect an as they ought to do they should erect an as they ought to do they should erect an altar that should face the rising sun altar that should face the rising sun altar that should face the rising sun not far from the city of shechem between not far from the city of shechem between not far from the city of shechem between the two mountains the two mountains the two mountains that of gerizim situated on the right that of gerizim situated on the right that of gerizim situated on the right hand hand hand and that cult ebal on the left and that

and that cult ebal on the left and that and that cult ebal on the left and that the army should be so divided the army should be so divided the army should be so divided that six tribes should stand upon each that six tribes should stand upon each that six tribes should stand upon each of the two mountains of the two mountains of the two mountains and with them the levites and the and with them the levites and the and with them the levites and the priests and that first priests and that first priests and that first those that were upon mount gerizim those that were upon mount gerizim those that were upon mount gerizim should pray for the best blessings upon should pray for the best blessings upon should pray for the best blessings upon those who were diligent about the those who were diligent about the those who were diligent about the worship of god worship of god worship of god and the observation of his laws and do and the observation of his laws and do and the observation of his laws and do not reject what moses had said to them not reject what moses had said to them not reject what moses had said to them while the other wished them all manner while the other wished them all manner while the other wished them all manner of happiness also of happiness also of happiness also and when these last put up the like and when these last put up the like and when these last put up the like prayers the former praised them prayers the former praised them prayers the former praised them after this curses were denounced upon after this curses were denounced upon after this curses were denounced upon those that should transgress those laws those that should transgress those laws those that should transgress those laws they answering one another alternately they answering one another alternately they answering one another alternately by way of confirmation of what had been by way of confirmation of what had been by way of confirmation of what had been said moses also wrote their blessings said moses also wrote their blessings said moses also wrote their blessings and their curses and their curses and their curses that they might learn them so thoroughly that they might learn them so thoroughly that they might learn them so thoroughly that they might never be forgotten by that they might never be forgotten by that they might never be forgotten by length of time length of time length of time and when he was ready to die he wrote and when he was ready to die he wrote and when he was ready to die he wrote these blessings and curses upon the these blessings and curses upon the these blessings and curses upon the altar altar altar on each side of it where he says also on each side of it where he says also on each side of it where he says also the people stood the people stood the people stood and then sacrificed and offered burnt and then sacrificed and offered burnt and then sacrificed and offered burnt offerings though after that day they offerings though after that day they offerings though after that day they never offered upon it any other never offered upon it any other never offered upon it any other sacrifice sacrifice sacrifice for it was not lawful to do so these are for it was not lawful to do so these are for it was not lawful to do so these are the constitutions of moses the constitutions of moses the constitutions of moses and the hebrew nations still live and the hebrew nations still live and the hebrew nations still live according to them according to them according to them on the next day moses called the people on the next day moses called the people on the next day moses called the people together with the women together with the women together with the women and children to a congregation so as the and children to a congregation so as the and children to a congregation so as the very slaves were present also very slaves were present also very slaves were present also that they might engage themselves to the that they might engage themselves to the that they might engage themselves to the observation of these laws by oath observation of these laws by oath observation of these laws by oath and that duly considering the meaning of

and that duly considering the meaning of and that duly considering the meaning of god in them god in them god in them they might not either for favor of their they might not either for favor of their they might not either for favor of their kindred or out of fear of anyone kindred or out of fear of anyone kindred or out of fear of anyone or indeed for any motive whatsoever or indeed for any motive whatsoever or indeed for any motive whatsoever think anything ought to be preferred to think anything ought to be preferred to think anything ought to be preferred to these laws these laws these laws and so might transgress them that in and so might transgress them that in and so might transgress them that in case case case anyone of their own blood or any city anyone of their own blood or any city anyone of their own blood or any city should attempt to confound or dissolve should attempt to confound or dissolve should attempt to confound or dissolve their constitution of government their constitution of government their constitution of government they should take vengeance upon them they should take vengeance upon them they should take vengeance upon them both all in general both all in general both all in general and each person in particular and when and each person in particular and when and each person in particular and when they had conquered them they had conquered them they had conquered them should overturn their city to the very should overturn their city to the very should overturn their city to the very foundations foundations foundations and if possible should not leave the and if possible should not leave the and if possible should not leave the least footsteps of such madness least footsteps of such madness least footsteps of such madness but that if they were not able to take but that if they were not able to take but that if they were not able to take such vengeance such vengeance such vengeance they should still demonstrate that what they should still demonstrate that what they should still demonstrate that what was done was contrary to their wills was done was contrary to their wills was done was contrary to their wills so the multitude bound themselves by so the multitude bound themselves by so the multitude bound themselves by oath to do so oath to do so oath to do so moses taught them also by what means moses taught them also by what means moses taught them also by what means their sacrifices their sacrifices their sacrifices might be the most acceptable to god and might be the most acceptable to god and might be the most acceptable to god and how they should go forth to war how they should go forth to war how they should go forth to war making use of the stones in the high making use of the stones in the high making use of the stones in the high priest's breastplate for their direction priest's breastplate for their direction priest's breastplate for their direction as i have before signified joshua also as i have before signified joshua also as i have before signified joshua also prophesied while moses was present prophesied while moses was present prophesied while moses was present and when moses had recapitulated and when moses had recapitulated and when moses had recapitulated whatsoever he had done for the whatsoever he had done for the whatsoever he had done for the preservation of the people preservation of the people preservation of the people both in their wars and in peace and had both in their wars and in peace and had both in their wars and in peace and had composed them a body of laws composed them a body of laws composed them a body of laws and procured them an excellent form of and procured them an excellent form of and procured them an excellent form of government he foretold as god had government he foretold as god had government he foretold as god had declared to him that if they transgress declared to him that if they transgress declared to him that if they transgress that institution for the worship of god that institution for the worship of god that institution for the worship of god they should experience the following they should experience the following they should experience the following miseries their land should be full of

miseries their land should be full of miseries their land should be full of weapons of war from their enemies weapons of war from their enemies weapons of war from their enemies and their cities should be overthrown and their cities should be overthrown and their cities should be overthrown and their temple should be burned and their temple should be burned and their temple should be burned that they should be sold for slaves to that they should be sold for slaves to that they should be sold for slaves to such men as would have no pity on them such men as would have no pity on them such men as would have no pity on them in their afflictions in their afflictions in their afflictions that they would then repent when that that they would then repent when that that they would then repent when that repentance would no way profit repentance would no way profit repentance would no way profit them under their sufferings yet said he them under their sufferings yet said he them under their sufferings yet said he will that god who founded your nation will that god who founded your nation will that god who founded your nation restore your cities to your citizens restore your cities to your citizens restore your cities to your citizens with their temple also with their temple also with their temple also and you shall lose these advantages not and you shall lose these advantages not and you shall lose these advantages not once only but often once only but often once only but often now when moses had encouraged joshua to now when moses had encouraged joshua to now when moses had encouraged joshua to lead out the army against the canaanites lead out the army against the canaanites lead out the army against the canaanites by telling him that god would assist him by telling him that god would assist him by telling him that god would assist him in all his undertakings in all his undertakings in all his undertakings and had blessed the whole multitude he and had blessed the whole multitude he and had blessed the whole multitude he said said said since i am going to my forefathers and since i am going to my forefathers and since i am going to my forefathers and god has determined that this should be god has determined that this should be god has determined that this should be the day of my departure to them the day of my departure to them the day of my departure to them i return him thanks while i am still i return him thanks while i am still i return him thanks while i am still alive and present with you alive and present with you alive and present with you for that providence he hath exercised for that providence he hath exercised for that providence he hath exercised over you which hath not only over you which hath not only over you which hath not only delivered us from the miseries we lay delivered us from the miseries we lay delivered us from the miseries we lay under but hath bestowed a state of under but hath bestowed a state of under but hath bestowed a state of prosperity upon us prosperity upon us prosperity upon us as also that he hath assisted me in the as also that he hath assisted me in the as also that he hath assisted me in the pains i took pains i took pains i took and in all the contrivances i had in my and in all the contrivances i had in my and in all the contrivances i had in my care about you care about you care about you in order to better your condition and in order to better your condition and in order to better your condition and hath on all occasions hath on all occasions hath on all occasions showed himself favorable to us or rather showed himself favorable to us or rather showed himself favorable to us or rather he it was who first conducted our he it was who first conducted our he it was who first conducted our affairs and brought them to a happy affairs and brought them to a happy affairs and brought them to a happy conclusion conclusion conclusion by making use of me as a vicarious by making use of me as a vicarious by making use of me as a vicarious general under him general under him general under him and as a minister in those matters and as a minister in those matters and as a minister in those matters wherein he was willing to do you good

wherein he was willing to do you good wherein he was willing to do you good on which account i think it proper to on which account i think it proper to on which account i think it proper to bless that divine power which will take bless that divine power which will take bless that divine power which will take care of you for the time to come care of you for the time to come care of you for the time to come and this in order to repay that debt and this in order to repay that debt and this in order to repay that debt which i owe him which i owe him which i owe him and to leave behind me a memorial that and to leave behind me a memorial that and to leave behind me a memorial that we are obliged to worship and honor him we are obliged to worship and honor him we are obliged to worship and honor him and to keep those laws which are the and to keep those laws which are the and to keep those laws which are the most excellent gift of all those he hath most excellent gift of all those he hath most excellent gift of all those he hath already bestowed upon us or which already bestowed upon us or which already bestowed upon us or which if he continue favorable to us he will if he continue favorable to us he will if he continue favorable to us he will bestow upon us hereafter bestow upon us hereafter bestow upon us hereafter certainly a human legislator is a certainly a human legislator is a certainly a human legislator is a terrible enemy when his laws are terrible enemy when his laws are terrible enemy when his laws are affronted affronted affronted and are made to no purpose and may you and are made to no purpose and may you and are made to no purpose and may you never experience that displeasure of god never experience that displeasure of god never experience that displeasure of god which will be the consequence of the which will be the consequence of the which will be the consequence of the neglect of these his laws neglect of these his laws neglect of these his laws which he who is your creator hath given which he who is your creator hath given which he who is your creator hath given you you you when moses had spoken thus at the end of when moses had spoken thus at the end of when moses had spoken thus at the end of his life his life his life and had foretold what would be fall to and had foretold what would be fall to and had foretold what would be fall to every one of their tribes afterward every one of their tribes afterward every one of their tribes afterward with the addition of a blessing to them with the addition of a blessing to them with the addition of a blessing to them the multitude fell into tears the multitude fell into tears the multitude fell into tears in so much that even the women by in so much that even the women by in so much that even the women by beating their breasts beating their breasts beating their breasts made manifest the deep concern they had made manifest the deep concern they had made manifest the deep concern they had when he was about to die when he was about to die when he was about to die the children also lamented still more as the children also lamented still more as the children also lamented still more as not able to contain their grief not able to contain their grief not able to contain their grief and thereby declared that even at their and thereby declared that even at their and thereby declared that even at their age they were sensible of his virtue and age they were sensible of his virtue and age they were sensible of his virtue and mighty deeds mighty deeds mighty deeds and truly there seemed to be a strife and truly there seemed to be a strife and truly there seemed to be a strife betwixt the young and the old betwixt the young and the old betwixt the young and the old who should most grieve for him the old who should most grieve for him the old who should most grieve for him the old grieved because they knew what a careful grieved because they knew what a careful grieved because they knew what a careful protector they were to be deprived of protector they were to be deprived of protector they were to be deprived of and so lamented their future state but

and so lamented their future state but and so lamented their future state but the young grieved not only for that the young grieved not only for that the young grieved not only for that but also because it so happened that but also because it so happened that but also because it so happened that they were to be left by him they were to be left by him they were to be left by him before they had well tasted of his before they had well tasted of his before they had well tasted of his virtue virtue virtue now one may make a guess at the excess now one may make a guess at the excess now one may make a guess at the excess of the sorrow and lamentation of the of the sorrow and lamentation of the of the sorrow and lamentation of the multitude multitude multitude from what happened to the legislator from what happened to the legislator from what happened to the legislator himself himself himself for although he was always persuaded for although he was always persuaded for although he was always persuaded that he ought not to be cast that he ought not to be cast that he ought not to be cast down at the approach of death since the down at the approach of death since the down at the approach of death since the undergoing it was agreeable to the will undergoing it was agreeable to the will undergoing it was agreeable to the will of god in the law of of god in the law of of god in the law of nature yet what the people did so nature yet what the people did so nature yet what the people did so overbore him overbore him overbore him that he wept himself now as he went that he wept himself now as he went that he wept himself now as he went thence to the place where he was to thence to the place where he was to thence to the place where he was to vanish out of their sight vanish out of their sight vanish out of their sight they all followed after him weeping but they all followed after him weeping but they all followed after him weeping but moses beckoned with moses beckoned with moses beckoned with his hand to those that were remote from his hand to those that were remote from his hand to those that were remote from him and made them stay behind in quiet him and made them stay behind in quiet him and made them stay behind in quiet while he exhorted those that were near while he exhorted those that were near while he exhorted those that were near him that they should not render his him that they should not render his him that they should not render his departures so lamentable departures so lamentable departures so lamentable whereupon they thought they ought to whereupon they thought they ought to whereupon they thought they ought to grant him that favor grant him that favor grant him that favor to let him depart according as he to let him depart according as he to let him depart according as he himself desired himself desired himself desired so they restrained themselves the so they restrained themselves the so they restrained themselves the weeping still towards one another weeping still towards one another weeping still towards one another all those who accompanied him were the all those who accompanied him were the all those who accompanied him were the senate and eleazar the high priest senate and eleazar the high priest senate and eleazar the high priest and joshua their commander now as soon and joshua their commander now as soon and joshua their commander now as soon as they were come to the mountain called as they were come to the mountain called as they were come to the mountain called abarim abarim abarim which is a very high mountain scituate which is a very high mountain scituate which is a very high mountain scituate over against jericho over against jericho over against jericho and one that affords to such as our upon and one that affords to such as our upon and one that affords to such as our upon it a prospect of the greatest part of it a prospect of the greatest part of it a prospect of the greatest part of the excellent land of canaan the excellent land of canaan the excellent land of canaan he dismissed the senate and as he was he dismissed the senate and as he was he dismissed the senate and as he was going to embrace eleazar and joshua

going to embrace eleazar and joshua going to embrace eleazar and joshua and was still discoursing with them a and was still discoursing with them a and was still discoursing with them a cloud stood over him cloud stood over him cloud stood over him on the sudden and he disappeared in a on the sudden and he disappeared in a on the sudden and he disappeared in a certain valley certain valley certain valley although he wrote in the holy books that although he wrote in the holy books that although he wrote in the holy books that he died which was done out of fear he died which was done out of fear he died which was done out of fear lest they should venture to say that lest they should venture to say that lest they should venture to say that because of his extraordinary virtue because of his extraordinary virtue because of his extraordinary virtue he went to god now moses lived in all he went to god now moses lived in all he went to god now moses lived in all 120 120 120 years a third part of which time abating years a third part of which time abating years a third part of which time abating one month one month one month he was the people's ruler and he died on he was the people's ruler and he died on he was the people's ruler and he died on the last month of the year which is the last month of the year which is the last month of the year which is called by the macedonians distress called by the macedonians distress called by the macedonians distress but by us adar on the first day of the but by us adar on the first day of the but by us adar on the first day of the month month month he was one that exceeded all men that he was one that exceeded all men that he was one that exceeded all men that there ever were in understanding there ever were in understanding there ever were in understanding and made the best use of what that and made the best use of what that and made the best use of what that understanding suggested to him understanding suggested to him understanding suggested to him he had a very graceful way of speaking he had a very graceful way of speaking he had a very graceful way of speaking and addressing himself to the multitude and addressing himself to the multitude and addressing himself to the multitude and as to his other qualifications he and as to his other qualifications he and as to his other qualifications he had such a full command of his passions had such a full command of his passions had such a full command of his passions as if he hardly had any such in his soul as if he hardly had any such in his soul as if he hardly had any such in his soul and only knew them by their names as and only knew them by their names as and only knew them by their names as rather perceiving them in other men rather perceiving them in other men rather perceiving them in other men than in himself he was also such a than in himself he was also such a than in himself he was also such a general of an general of an general of an army as a seldom seen as well as such a army as a seldom seen as well as such a army as a seldom seen as well as such a prophet as was never known prophet as was never known prophet as was never known and this to such a degree that and this to such a degree that and this to such a degree that whatsoever he pronounced whatsoever he pronounced whatsoever he pronounced you would think you heard the voice of you would think you heard the voice of you would think you heard the voice of god himself god himself god himself so the people mourned for him 30 days so the people mourned for him 30 days so the people mourned for him 30 days nor did ever any grief so deeply affect nor did ever any grief so deeply affect nor did ever any grief so deeply affect the hebrews the hebrews the hebrews as did this upon the death of moses nor as did this upon the death of moses nor as did this upon the death of moses nor were those that had experienced his were those that had experienced his were those that had experienced his conduct the only persons that

conduct the only persons that conduct the only persons that desired him but those also that perused desired him but those also that perused desired him but those also that perused the laws he left behind him the laws he left behind him the laws he left behind him had a strong desire after him and by had a strong desire after him and by had a strong desire after him and by them gathered the extraordinary virtue them gathered the extraordinary virtue them gathered the extraordinary virtue he was master of he was master of he was master of and this shall suffice for the and this shall suffice for the and this shall suffice for the declaration of the manner of the death declaration of the manner of the death declaration of the manner of the death of moses of moses of moses end of book 4 chapter 8 part 3 end of book 4 chapter 8 part 3 end of book 4 chapter 8 part 3 end of book 4. end of book 4. end of book 4. you