Timaeus Pt 2

timaeus by Plato translated by Benjamin timaeus by Plato translated by Benjamin Jowett part 6 Timaeus continues the most Jowett part 6 Timaeus continues the most Jowett part 6 Timaeus continues the most important of the affections which important of the affections which important of the affections which concern the whole body remains to be concern the whole body remains to be concern the whole body remains to be considered that is the cause of pleasure considered that is the cause of pleasure considered that is the cause of pleasure and pain in the perceptions of which and pain in the perceptions of which and pain in the perceptions of which I've been speaking and in all other I've been speaking and in all other I've been speaking and in all other things which are perceived by sense things which are perceived by sense things which are perceived by sense through the parts of the body and have through the parts of the body and have through the parts of the body and have both pains and pleasures attendant on both pains and pleasures attendant on both pains and pleasures attendant on them let us imagine the causes of every them let us imagine the causes of every them let us imagine the causes of every affection whether if sense or not to be affection whether if sense or not to be affection whether if sense or not to be of the following nature remembering that of the following nature remembering that of the following nature remembering that we have already distinguished between we have already distinguished between we have already distinguished between the nature which is easy and which is the nature which is easy and which is the nature which is easy and which is hard to move for this is the direction hard to move for this is the direction hard to move for this is the direction in which we must hunt the prey which we in which we must hunt the prey which we in which we must hunt the prey which we mean to take a body which is of a nature mean to take a body which is of a nature mean to take a body which is of a nature to be easily moved on receiving an to be easily moved on receiving an to be easily moved on receiving an impression however slight spreads abroad impression however slight spreads abroad impression however slight spreads abroad the motion in a circle the parts the motion in a circle the parts the motion in a circle the parts communicating with each other until at communicating with each other until at communicating with each other until at last reaching the principle of mind they last reaching the principle of mind they last reaching the principle of mind they announced the quality of the agent but a announced the quality of the agent but a announced the quality of the agent but a body of the opposite kind being immobile body of the opposite kind being immobile body of the opposite kind being immobile and not extending to the surrounding and not extending to the surrounding and not extending to the surrounding region merely receives the impression region merely receives the impression region merely receives the impression and does not stir any of the and does not stir any of the and does not stir any of the neighbouring parts and since the parts neighbouring parts and since the parts neighbouring parts and since the parts do not distribute the original do not distribute the original do not distribute the original impression to other parts it has no impression to other parts it has no impression to other parts it has no effect of motion on the whole animal and effect of motion on the whole animal and effect of motion on the whole animal and therefore produces no effect on the therefore produces no effect on the therefore produces no effect on the patient this is true of the bones and patient this is true of the bones and patient this is true of the bones and hair and other more earthy part of the hair and other more earthy part of the hair and other more earthy part of the human body whereas what was said above human body whereas what was said above human body whereas what was said above relates mainly to sight and hearing

relates mainly to sight and hearing relates mainly to sight and hearing because they have in them the greatest because they have in them the greatest because they have in them the greatest amount of fire and air now we must amount of fire and air now we must amount of fire and air now we must conceive of pleasure and pain in this conceive of pleasure and pain in this conceive of pleasure and pain in this way an impression produced in us way an impression produced in us way an impression produced in us contrary to nature and violent the contrary to nature and violent the contrary to nature and violent the sudden is painful and again the sudden sudden is painful and again the sudden sudden is painful and again the sudden return to nature is pleasant but a return to nature is pleasant but a return to nature is pleasant but a gentle and gradual return is gentle and gradual return is gentle and gradual return is imperceptible and vice versa on the imperceptible and vice versa on the imperceptible and vice versa on the other hand the impression of sense which other hand the impression of sense which other hand the impression of sense which is most easily produced is most readily is most easily produced is most readily is most easily produced is most readily felt but it's not accompanied by felt but it's not accompanied by felt but it's not accompanied by pleasure or pain such for example are pleasure or pain such for example are pleasure or pain such for example are the affections of the site which as we the affections of the site which as we the affections of the site which as we said above is a body net said above is a body net said above is a body net reuniting with our body in the daytime reuniting with our body in the daytime reuniting with our body in the daytime for cuttings and burnings and other for cuttings and burnings and other for cuttings and burnings and other affections which happen to the site do affections which happen to the site do affections which happen to the site do not give pain nor is there pleasure when not give pain nor is there pleasure when not give pain nor is there pleasure when the site returns to its natural state the site returns to its natural state the site returns to its natural state but the sensations are clearest and but the sensations are clearest and but the sensations are clearest and strongest according to the manner in strongest according to the manner in strongest according to the manner in which the eye is affected by the object which the eye is affected by the object which the eye is affected by the object and itself strikes and touches it there and itself strikes and touches it there and itself strikes and touches it there is no violence either in the contraction is no violence either in the contraction is no violence either in the contraction or dilation of the eye but buddy's form or dilation of the eye but buddy's form or dilation of the eye but buddy's form of larger particles yield to the agent of larger particles yield to the agent of larger particles yield to the agent only with a struggle and then they only with a struggle and then they only with a struggle and then they impart their motions to the hole and impart their motions to the hole and impart their motions to the hole and cause pleasure and pain pain when cause pleasure and pain pain when cause pleasure and pain pain when alienated from their natural conditions alienated from their natural conditions alienated from their natural conditions and pleasure when restore to them things and pleasure when restore to them things and pleasure when restore to them things which experience gradual with drawings which experience gradual with drawings which experience gradual with drawings and emptying zuv their nature and great and emptying zuv their nature and great and emptying zuv their nature and great and sudden replenishments fail to

and sudden replenishments fail to and sudden replenishments fail to perceive the emptying but are sensible perceive the emptying but are sensible perceive the emptying but are sensible the replenishment and so the occasion no the replenishment and so the occasion no the replenishment and so the occasion no pain but the greatest pleasure to the pain but the greatest pleasure to the pain but the greatest pleasure to the mortal part of the soul and is manifest mortal part of the soul and is manifest mortal part of the soul and is manifest in the case of perfumes but things which in the case of perfumes but things which in the case of perfumes but things which are changed all of a sudden and only are changed all of a sudden and only are changed all of a sudden and only gradually and with difficulty return to gradually and with difficulty return to gradually and with difficulty return to their own nature have effects in every their own nature have effects in every their own nature have effects in every way opposite to the former and is way opposite to the former and is way opposite to the former and is evident in the case of burnings and evident in the case of burnings and evident in the case of burnings and cuttings of the body unless we have cuttings of the body unless we have cuttings of the body unless we have discussed the general affections of the discussed the general affections of the discussed the general affections of the whole body and the names of the agents whole body and the names of the agents whole body and the names of the agents which produce them and now I will which produce them and now I will which produce them and now I will endeavor to speak of the affections of endeavor to speak of the affections of endeavor to speak of the affections of particular parts and the causes and particular parts and the causes and particular parts and the causes and agents of them as far as I'm able in the agents of them as far as I'm able in the agents of them as far as I'm able in the first place let us set forth what was first place let us set forth what was first place let us set forth what was omitted and we were speaking of juices omitted and we were speaking of juices omitted and we were speaking of juices concern the affections peculiar to a concern the affections peculiar to a concern the affections peculiar to a tongue these two like most of the other tongue these two like most of the other tongue these two like most of the other affections appear to be caused by affections appear to be caused by affections appear to be caused by certain contractions and dilations but certain contractions and dilations but certain contractions and dilations but they have besides more of roughness and they have besides more of roughness and they have besides more of roughness and smoothness than is found in other smoothness than is found in other smoothness than is found in other affections for whenever earthy particles affections for whenever earthy particles affections for whenever earthy particles enter into the small veins which are the enter into the small veins which are the enter into the small veins which are the testing instrument of the tongue testing instrument of the tongue testing instrument of the tongue reaching to the heart and fall upon the reaching to the heart and fall upon the reaching to the heart and fall upon the moist delicate portions of flesh when as moist delicate portions of flesh when as moist delicate portions of flesh when as they are dissolved they contract and dry they are dissolved they contract and dry they are dissolved they contract and dry up the little veins they are a stringent up the little veins they are a stringent up the little veins they are a stringent if there if there if there rafa but if not so rough then only harsh rafa but if not so rough then only harsh rafa but if not so rough then only harsh those of them which are of an obscure those of them which are of an obscure those of them which are of an obscure Junt nature and purge the whole surface Junt nature and purge the whole surface Junt nature and purge the whole surface of the tongue if they do it in excess

of the tongue if they do it in excess of the tongue if they do it in excess and so encroach as to consume some part and so encroach as to consume some part and so encroach as to consume some part of the flesh itself like batash and soda of the flesh itself like batash and soda of the flesh itself like batash and soda are all turned bitter but the particles are all turned bitter but the particles are all turned bitter but the particles which are deficient in the alkaline which are deficient in the alkaline which are deficient in the alkaline quality and which cleanse only quality and which cleanse only quality and which cleanse only moderately are called salt and having no moderately are called salt and having no moderately are called salt and having no bitterness a roughness are regarded as bitterness a roughness are regarded as bitterness a roughness are regarded as rather agreeable than otherwise bodies rather agreeable than otherwise bodies rather agreeable than otherwise bodies which share in and are made smooth by which share in and are made smooth by which share in and are made smooth by the heat of the mouth and which are the heat of the mouth and which are the heat of the mouth and which are inflamed and again in turn inflamed that inflamed and again in turn inflamed that inflamed and again in turn inflamed that which heats them and which are so light which heats them and which are so light which heats them and which are so light that they are carried upwards through that they are carried upwards through that they are carried upwards through the sensations of the head and cut all the sensations of the head and cut all the sensations of the head and cut all that comes in their way by reason of that comes in their way by reason of that comes in their way by reason of these qualities in them are all turned these qualities in them are all turned these qualities in them are all turned pungent but when these same particles pungent but when these same particles pungent but when these same particles refine by putrefaction enter into the refine by putrefaction enter into the refine by putrefaction enter into the narrow veins and are Julie proportioned narrow veins and are Julie proportioned narrow veins and are Julie proportioned to the particles of earth and air which to the particles of earth and air which to the particles of earth and air which are there they set them whirling about are there they set them whirling about are there they set them whirling about one another and while they are in a one another and while they are in a one another and while they are in a whirl cause them to dash against and whirl cause them to dash against and whirl cause them to dash against and enter into one another and so form enter into one another and so form enter into one another and so form hollows surrounding the particles that hollows surrounding the particles that hollows surrounding the particles that enter which watery vessels of air for a enter which watery vessels of air for a enter which watery vessels of air for a film of moisture sometimes earthy film of moisture sometimes earthy film of moisture sometimes earthy sometimes pure is spread around the air sometimes pure is spread around the air sometimes pure is spread around the air our hollow spheres of water and those of our hollow spheres of water and those of our hollow spheres of water and those of them which are pure are transparent and them which are pure are transparent and them which are pure are transparent and are called bubbles while those composed are called bubbles while those composed are called bubbles while those composed of the earthy liquid which is in a state of the earthy liquid which is in a state of the earthy liquid which is in a state of general agitation and if ever sins of general agitation and if ever sins of general agitation and if ever sins are set to boil or ferment of all these are set to boil or ferment of all these are set to boil or ferment of all these affections the cause is termed acid and

affections the cause is termed acid and affections the cause is termed acid and there's the opposite affection arising there's the opposite affection arising there's the opposite affection arising from an opposite cause when the Mars of from an opposite cause when the Mars of from an opposite cause when the Mars of entering particles immersed in the entering particles immersed in the entering particles immersed in the moisture of the mouth is congenial to moisture of the mouth is congenial to moisture of the mouth is congenial to the tongue and smooth and oils over the the tongue and smooth and oils over the the tongue and smooth and oils over the roughness and relaxes the parts which roughness and relaxes the parts which roughness and relaxes the parts which are unnaturally contracted and contracts are unnaturally contracted and contracts are unnaturally contracted and contracts the parts which are relaxed and disposes the parts which are relaxed and disposes the parts which are relaxed and disposes them all according to their nature that them all according to their nature that them all according to their nature that sort of remedy of violent affections is sort of remedy of violent affections is sort of remedy of violent affections is pleasant and agreeable to every man and pleasant and agreeable to every man and pleasant and agreeable to every man and as the name sweet but enough of this as the name sweet but enough of this as the name sweet but enough of this the faculty of smell does not admit of the faculty of smell does not admit of the faculty of smell does not admit of differences of kind for all smells are differences of kind for all smells are differences of kind for all smells are of a half-formed nature and no element of a half-formed nature and no element of a half-formed nature and no element is so proportioned as to have any smell is so proportioned as to have any smell is so proportioned as to have any smell the veins about the nose are too narrow the veins about the nose are too narrow the veins about the nose are too narrow to admit earth and water and two white to admit earth and water and two white to admit earth and water and two white detain fire and air and for this reason detain fire and air and for this reason detain fire and air and for this reason no one ever perceived the smell of any no one ever perceived the smell of any no one ever perceived the smell of any of them but smells always proceed from of them but smells always proceed from of them but smells always proceed from bodies that are damp our puter frying or bodies that are damp our puter frying or bodies that are damp our puter frying or liquefying or evaporating and are liquefying or evaporating and are liquefying or evaporating and are perceptible only in the intermediate perceptible only in the intermediate perceptible only in the intermediate state when water is changing into air state when water is changing into air state when water is changing into air and air into water and all of them are and air into water and all of them are and air into water and all of them are either vapor or mist that which is either vapor or mist that which is either vapor or mist that which is passing out of air into water is missed passing out of air into water is missed passing out of air into water is missed and that which is passing from water and that which is passing from water and that which is passing from water into air is vapor and hence all smells into air is vapor and hence all smells into air is vapor and hence all smells are thinner than water and thicker than are thinner than water and thicker than are thinner than water and thicker than air the proof of this is that when there air the proof of this is that when there air the proof of this is that when there is any obstruction to the respiration is any obstruction to the respiration is any obstruction to the respiration and a man draws in his breath by force

and a man draws in his breath by force and a man draws in his breath by force then no smell filled us through but the then no smell filled us through but the then no smell filled us through but the air without the smell alone penetrates air without the smell alone penetrates air without the smell alone penetrates we're full the varieties of smell have we're full the varieties of smell have we're full the varieties of smell have no name and they have not many or no name and they have not many or no name and they have not many or definite and simple kinds but they are definite and simple kinds but they are definite and simple kinds but they are distinguished only as painful and distinguished only as painful and distinguished only as painful and pleasant the one sword irritating and pleasant the one sword irritating and pleasant the one sword irritating and disturbing the whole cavity which is disturbing the whole cavity which is disturbing the whole cavity which is situated between the head and a navel situated between the head and a navel situated between the head and a navel and the other having a soothing and the other having a soothing and the other having a soothing influence and restoring the same region influence and restoring the same region influence and restoring the same region to an agreeable and natural condition in to an agreeable and natural condition in to an agreeable and natural condition in considering the third kind of sense considering the third kind of sense considering the third kind of sense hearing we must speak the causes in hearing we must speak the causes in hearing we must speak the causes in which it originates we may in general which it originates we may in general which it originates we may in general assume sound to be a blow which passes assume sound to be a blow which passes assume sound to be a blow which passes through the ears and is transmitted by through the ears and is transmitted by through the ears and is transmitted by means of the air the brain and the blood means of the air the brain and the blood means of the air the brain and the blood to the soul and that hearing is the to the soul and that hearing is the to the soul and that hearing is the vibration of his blow which begins in vibration of his blow which begins in vibration of his blow which begins in the head and ends in the region of a the head and ends in the region of a the head and ends in the region of a liver the sound which moves swiftly is liver the sound which moves swiftly is liver the sound which moves swiftly is acute and the sound which moves slowly acute and the sound which moves slowly acute and the sound which moves slowly is grave and that which is regular is is grave and that which is regular is is grave and that which is regular is equable and smooth and the reverse is equable and smooth and the reverse is equable and smooth and the reverse is harsh a great body of sound is loud and harsh a great body of sound is loud and harsh a great body of sound is loud and a small body of sound the reverse a small body of sound the reverse a small body of sound the reverse respecting the harmonies of sound I must respecting the harmonies of sound I must respecting the harmonies of sound I must hurry off to speak there is a fourth hurry off to speak there is a fourth hurry off to speak there is a fourth Clause of sensible things having many Clause of sensible things having many Clause of sensible things having many intricate varieties which must now be intricate varieties which must now be intricate varieties which must now be distinguished they are called by the distinguished they are called by the distinguished they are called by the general name of colors and are a flame general name of colors and are a flame general name of colors and are a flame which emanates from every sort of body which emanates from every sort of body which emanates from every sort of body and as particles corresponding to the

and as particles corresponding to the and as particles corresponding to the sense of sight I've spoken already in sense of sight I've spoken already in sense of sight I've spoken already in what has preceded of the causes which what has preceded of the causes which what has preceded of the causes which generates site and in this place it will generates site and in this place it will generates site and in this place it will be natural and suitable to give a be natural and suitable to give a be natural and suitable to give a rational theory of colours of the rational theory of colours of the rational theory of colours of the particles coming from other bodies which particles coming from other bodies which particles coming from other bodies which fall upon the site some are smaller and fall upon the site some are smaller and fall upon the site some are smaller and some are larger and some are equal to some are larger and some are equal to some are larger and some are equal to the parts of the site itself those which the parts of the site itself those which the parts of the site itself those which are equal are imperceptible and we call are equal are imperceptible and we call are equal are imperceptible and we call them transparent the larger produced them transparent the larger produced them transparent the larger produced contraction the smaller dilation in the contraction the smaller dilation in the contraction the smaller dilation in the site exercising a power akin to that of site exercising a power akin to that of site exercising a power akin to that of hot and cold bodies on the flesh or of hot and cold bodies on the flesh or of hot and cold bodies on the flesh or of astringent bodies on the tongue or of astringent bodies on the tongue or of astringent bodies on the tongue or of those heating bodies which we turn those heating bodies which we turn those heating bodies which we turn pungent white and black are similar pungent white and black are similar pungent white and black are similar effects of contraction and dilation in effects of contraction and dilation in effects of contraction and dilation in another sphere and for this reason have another sphere and for this reason have another sphere and for this reason have a different appearance wherefore we a different appearance wherefore we a different appearance wherefore we oughta turn white that which dilates the oughta turn white that which dilates the oughta turn white that which dilates the visual ray and the opposite of this is visual ray and the opposite of this is visual ray and the opposite of this is black there is also a swifter motion of black there is also a swifter motion of black there is also a swifter motion of a different sort of fire which strikes a different sort of fire which strikes a different sort of fire which strikes and dilates the ray of sight until it and dilates the ray of sight until it and dilates the ray of sight until it reaches the eyes forcing a way through reaches the eyes forcing a way through reaches the eyes forcing a way through their passages and melting them and their passages and melting them and their passages and melting them and eliciting from them a union of fire and eliciting from them a union of fire and eliciting from them a union of fire and water which we call tears being itself water which we call tears being itself water which we call tears being itself an opposite fire which comes to them an opposite fire which comes to them an opposite fire which comes to them from an opposite direction the inner from an opposite direction the inner from an opposite direction the inner fire flashes forth like lightning and fire flashes forth like lightning and fire flashes forth like lightning and the outer finds a way in and is the outer finds a way in and is the outer finds a way in and is extinguished in the moisture and all extinguished in the moisture and all extinguished in the moisture and all sorts of colors are generated by the sorts of colors are generated by the sorts of colors are generated by the mixture this affection is termed mixture this affection is termed mixture this affection is termed dazzling and the object which produces

dazzling and the object which produces dazzling and the object which produces it is called bright and flashing there it is called bright and flashing there it is called bright and flashing there is another sort of fire which is is another sort of fire which is is another sort of fire which is intermediate and which reaches and intermediate and which reaches and intermediate and which reaches and mingles with the moisture of the eye mingles with the moisture of the eye mingles with the moisture of the eye without flashing and in this the fire without flashing and in this the fire without flashing and in this the fire mingling with the ray of the moisture mingling with the ray of the moisture mingling with the ray of the moisture produces a color like blood to which we produces a color like blood to which we produces a color like blood to which we give the name of red bright you mingled give the name of red bright you mingled give the name of red bright you mingled with red and white gives the color with red and white gives the color with red and white gives the color called called called Oh burn Greek the law of proportion Oh burn Greek the law of proportion Oh burn Greek the law of proportion however according to which the several however according to which the several however according to which the several colors are formed even if a man knew he colors are formed even if a man knew he colors are formed even if a man knew he would be foolish and telling for he would be foolish and telling for he would be foolish and telling for he could not give any necessary reason nor could not give any necessary reason nor could not give any necessary reason nor indeed any tolerable or probable indeed any tolerable or probable indeed any tolerable or probable explanation of them again red when explanation of them again red when explanation of them again red when mingled with black and white becomes mingled with black and white becomes mingled with black and white becomes purple but it becomes amba Greek when purple but it becomes amba Greek when purple but it becomes amba Greek when the colors are burnt as well as mingled the colors are burnt as well as mingled the colors are burnt as well as mingled and the black is more thoroughly mixed and the black is more thoroughly mixed and the black is more thoroughly mixed with them flame color Greek is produced with them flame color Greek is produced with them flame color Greek is produced by a union of Oban and done Greek and by a union of Oban and done Greek and by a union of Oban and done Greek and done by next mixture of black and white done by next mixture of black and white done by next mixture of black and white pale yellow Greek by net mixture of pale yellow Greek by net mixture of pale yellow Greek by net mixture of white and Alban white and bright meeting white and Alban white and bright meeting white and Alban white and bright meeting and falling upon a full black become and falling upon a full black become and falling upon a full black become dark blue Greek and when dark blue dark blue Greek and when dark blue dark blue Greek and when dark blue mingles with white a light blue Greek mingles with white a light blue Greek mingles with white a light blue Greek color is formed as flame color with color is formed as flame color with color is formed as flame color with black makes leak green Greek there will black makes leak green Greek there will black makes leak green Greek there will be no difficulty in seeing how and by be no difficulty in seeing how and by be no difficulty in seeing how and by what mixtures that colors derived from

what mixtures that colors derived from what mixtures that colors derived from these are made according to the rules of these are made according to the rules of these are made according to the rules of probability he however who should probability he however who should probability he however who should attempt to verify all this by experiment attempt to verify all this by experiment attempt to verify all this by experiment would forget the difference of the human would forget the difference of the human would forget the difference of the human and divine nature for god only has a and divine nature for god only has a and divine nature for god only has a knowledge and also the power which are knowledge and also the power which are knowledge and also the power which are able to combine many things into one and able to combine many things into one and able to combine many things into one and again resolve the one in too many but no again resolve the one in too many but no again resolve the one in too many but no man either is or ever will be able to man either is or ever will be able to man either is or ever will be able to accomplish either the one or the other accomplish either the one or the other accomplish either the one or the other operation these are the elements thus of operation these are the elements thus of operation these are the elements thus of necessity then subsisting which the necessity then subsisting which the necessity then subsisting which the creator of the fairest and best of creator of the fairest and best of creator of the fairest and best of created things associated with himself created things associated with himself created things associated with himself when he made this self-sufficing and when he made this self-sufficing and when he made this self-sufficing and most perfect God using the necessary most perfect God using the necessary most perfect God using the necessary causes as his ministers in the causes as his ministers in the causes as his ministers in the accomplishment of his work but himself accomplishment of his work but himself accomplishment of his work but himself contriving the good in all his creations contriving the good in all his creations contriving the good in all his creations wherefore we may distinguish two sorts wherefore we may distinguish two sorts wherefore we may distinguish two sorts of causes the one divine and the other of causes the one divine and the other of causes the one divine and the other necessary and may seek for the divine necessary and may seek for the divine necessary and may seek for the divine and all things as far as our nature and all things as far as our nature and all things as far as our nature admits with a view to the blessed life admits with a view to the blessed life admits with a view to the blessed life but they're necessary kind only for the but they're necessary kind only for the but they're necessary kind only for the sake of the divine considering that sake of the divine considering that sake of the divine considering that without them and when isolated from them without them and when isolated from them without them and when isolated from them these higher things for which we look these higher things for which we look these higher things for which we look cannot be apprehended or received or in cannot be apprehended or received or in cannot be apprehended or received or in any way shared by us seeing then that we any way shared by us seeing then that we any way shared by us seeing then that we have now prepared for our use the have now prepared for our use the have now prepared for our use the various classes of causes which are the various classes of causes which are the various classes of causes which are the material out of which the remainder of material out of which the remainder of material out of which the remainder of our discourse must be woven just as wood our discourse must be woven just as wood our discourse must be woven just as wood is the material of the carpenter let us is the material of the carpenter let us is the material of the carpenter let us revert in a few words to the point at revert in a few words to the point at revert in a few words to the point at which we began and then endeavour to add

which we began and then endeavour to add which we began and then endeavour to add on a suitable ending to the beginning of on a suitable ending to the beginning of on a suitable ending to the beginning of our tale as i said at first when all our tale as i said at first when all our tale as i said at first when all things were in disorder God created in things were in disorder God created in things were in disorder God created in each thing in relation to itself and in each thing in relation to itself and in each thing in relation to itself and in all things in relation to each other all all things in relation to each other all all things in relation to each other all the measures and harmonies which they the measures and harmonies which they the measures and harmonies which they could possibly receive for in those days could possibly receive for in those days could possibly receive for in those days nothing had any proportion except by nothing had any proportion except by nothing had any proportion except by accident nor did any of the things which accident nor did any of the things which accident nor did any of the things which now have names deserve to be named at now have names deserve to be named at now have names deserve to be named at all as for example fire water and the all as for example fire water and the all as for example fire water and the rest of the elements all these the rest of the elements all these the rest of the elements all these the Creator first sat in order and algorithm Creator first sat in order and algorithm Creator first sat in order and algorithm he constructed the universe which was a he constructed the universe which was a he constructed the universe which was a single animal comprehending in itself single animal comprehending in itself single animal comprehending in itself all other animals mortal and immortal all other animals mortal and immortal all other animals mortal and immortal now of the divine he himself was the now of the divine he himself was the now of the divine he himself was the creator with the creation of the mortal creator with the creation of the mortal creator with the creation of the mortal he committed to his offspring and they he committed to his offspring and they he committed to his offspring and they imitating him received from him the imitating him received from him the imitating him received from him the immortal principle of the soul and immortal principle of the soul and immortal principle of the soul and around this they proceeded to fashion a around this they proceeded to fashion a around this they proceeded to fashion a mortal body and made it to be the mortal body and made it to be the mortal body and made it to be the vehicle of the soul and constructed vehicle of the soul and constructed vehicle of the soul and constructed within the body a soul of another nature within the body a soul of another nature within the body a soul of another nature which was mortal subjected terrible and which was mortal subjected terrible and which was mortal subjected terrible and irresistible affections first of all irresistible affections first of all irresistible affections first of all pleasure the greatest incitement to evil pleasure the greatest incitement to evil pleasure the greatest incitement to evil then pain which deters from good also then pain which deters from good also then pain which deters from good also rashness and fear too foolish counselors rashness and fear too foolish counselors rashness and fear too foolish counselors anger hardly appeased and hope easily anger hardly appeased and hope easily anger hardly appeased and hope easily led astray these day mingled with led astray these day mingled with led astray these day mingled with irrational sense and with all daring

irrational sense and with all daring irrational sense and with all daring love according to necessary laws and so love according to necessary laws and so love according to necessary laws and so framed man wherefore fearing to pollute framed man wherefore fearing to pollute framed man wherefore fearing to pollute the divine any more than was absolutely the divine any more than was absolutely the divine any more than was absolutely unavoidable they gave to the mortal unavoidable they gave to the mortal unavoidable they gave to the mortal nature a separate habitation in another nature a separate habitation in another nature a separate habitation in another part of the body placing the neck part of the body placing the neck part of the body placing the neck between them to be the isthmus and between them to be the isthmus and between them to be the isthmus and boundary which they constructed between boundary which they constructed between boundary which they constructed between the head and breasts to keep them apart the head and breasts to keep them apart the head and breasts to keep them apart and in the breast in what is termed the and in the breast in what is termed the and in the breast in what is termed the thorax they encased the mortal soul and thorax they encased the mortal soul and thorax they encased the mortal soul and as the one part of this was superior and as the one part of this was superior and as the one part of this was superior and the other inferior they divided the the other inferior they divided the the other inferior they divided the cavity of the thorax into two parts as cavity of the thorax into two parts as cavity of the thorax into two parts as the women's and men's apartments are the women's and men's apartments are the women's and men's apartments are divided in houses and placed the midriff divided in houses and placed the midriff divided in houses and placed the midriff to be a wall of partition between them to be a wall of partition between them to be a wall of partition between them that part of the inferior soul which is that part of the inferior soul which is that part of the inferior soul which is endowed with courage and passion and endowed with courage and passion and endowed with courage and passion and loves contention they settled nearer the loves contention they settled nearer the loves contention they settled nearer the head midway between the midriff and the head midway between the midriff and the head midway between the midriff and the neck in order that it might be under the neck in order that it might be under the neck in order that it might be under the rule of reason and might join with it in rule of reason and might join with it in rule of reason and might join with it in controlling and restraining the desires controlling and restraining the desires controlling and restraining the desires when they are no longer willing of their when they are no longer willing of their when they are no longer willing of their own accord to obey the word of command own accord to obey the word of command own accord to obey the word of command issuing from the Citadel the heart the issuing from the Citadel the heart the issuing from the Citadel the heart the none of the veins in the fountains of none of the veins in the fountains of none of the veins in the fountains of blood which raises through all the limbs blood which raises through all the limbs blood which raises through all the limbs was set in the place of God that when was set in the place of God that when was set in the place of God that when the might of passion was roused by the might of passion was roused by the might of passion was roused by reason making proclamation of any wrong reason making proclamation of any wrong reason making proclamation of any wrong assailing them from without or being assailing them from without or being assailing them from without or being perpetrated by the desires within perpetrated by the desires within perpetrated by the desires within quickly the whole power of feeling in quickly the whole power of feeling in quickly the whole power of feeling in the body perceiving these commands and the body perceiving these commands and the body perceiving these commands and threats might obey and follow through

threats might obey and follow through threats might obey and follow through every turn and ally and thus allow the every turn and ally and thus allow the every turn and ally and thus allow the principle of the best to have the principle of the best to have the principle of the best to have the command in all of them but the gods for command in all of them but the gods for command in all of them but the gods for knowing that the palpitation of the knowing that the palpitation of the knowing that the palpitation of the heart in the expectation of danger and heart in the expectation of danger and heart in the expectation of danger and the swelling and excitement of passion the swelling and excitement of passion the swelling and excitement of passion was caused by fire formed and implanted was caused by fire formed and implanted was caused by fire formed and implanted as a support to the heart the lung which as a support to the heart the lung which as a support to the heart the lung which was in the first place soft and was in the first place soft and was in the first place soft and bloodless and also had within hollows bloodless and also had within hollows bloodless and also had within hollows like the pores of a sponge in order that like the pores of a sponge in order that like the pores of a sponge in order that by receiving the breath and the drink it by receiving the breath and the drink it by receiving the breath and the drink it might give coolness and the power of might give coolness and the power of might give coolness and the power of respiration and alleviate the heat respiration and alleviate the heat respiration and alleviate the heat therefore they cut the air channels therefore they cut the air channels therefore they cut the air channels leading to the lung and placed the lung leading to the lung and placed the lung leading to the lung and placed the lung about the heart as a soft spring that about the heart as a soft spring that about the heart as a soft spring that when passion was rife with in the heart when passion was rife with in the heart when passion was rife with in the heart beating against the yielding body might beating against the yielding body might beating against the yielding body might be cooled and suffer less and might this be cooled and suffer less and might this be cooled and suffer less and might this become more ready to join with passion become more ready to join with passion become more ready to join with passion in the service of reason the part of the in the service of reason the part of the in the service of reason the part of the soul which desires meats and drinks and soul which desires meats and drinks and soul which desires meats and drinks and the other things of which it has need by the other things of which it has need by the other things of which it has need by reason of the bodily nature reason of the bodily nature reason of the bodily nature they placed between the midriff and the they placed between the midriff and the they placed between the midriff and the boundary of the navel contriving in all boundary of the navel contriving in all boundary of the navel contriving in all this region a sort of manger for the this region a sort of manger for the this region a sort of manger for the food of the body and there they bounded food of the body and there they bounded food of the body and there they bounded down like a wild animal which was down like a wild animal which was down like a wild animal which was chained up with man and must be chained up with man and must be chained up with man and must be nourished if man was to exist they nourished if man was to exist they nourished if man was to exist they appointed this lower creation his place appointed this lower creation his place appointed this lower creation his place here in order that he might be always here in order that he might be always here in order that he might be always feeding at the manger and have his feeding at the manger and have his feeding at the manger and have his dwelling as far as might be from the dwelling as far as might be from the dwelling as far as might be from the council chamber making it little noise council chamber making it little noise council chamber making it little noise and disturbance as possible and and disturbance as possible and and disturbance as possible and permitting the best part to advise

permitting the best part to advise permitting the best part to advise quietly for the good of the whole and quietly for the good of the whole and quietly for the good of the whole and knowing that this lower principal and knowing that this lower principal and knowing that this lower principal and man would not comprehend reason and even man would not comprehend reason and even man would not comprehend reason and even if attaining to some degree of if attaining to some degree of if attaining to some degree of perception would never naturally care perception would never naturally care perception would never naturally care for rational notions but that it would for rational notions but that it would for rational notions but that it would be led away by phantoms and visions be led away by phantoms and visions be led away by phantoms and visions night and day to be remedy for this god night and day to be remedy for this god night and day to be remedy for this god combined with it the liver and place it combined with it the liver and place it combined with it the liver and place it in the house of the lower nature in the house of the lower nature in the house of the lower nature contriving that should be solid and contriving that should be solid and contriving that should be solid and smooth and bright and sweet and should smooth and bright and sweet and should smooth and bright and sweet and should also have a better quality in order that also have a better quality in order that also have a better quality in order that the power of thought which proceeds from the power of thought which proceeds from the power of thought which proceeds from the mind might be reflected as in a the mind might be reflected as in a the mind might be reflected as in a mirror which receives likenesses of mirror which receives likenesses of mirror which receives likenesses of objects and gives back images of them to objects and gives back images of them to objects and gives back images of them to the side and so might strike terror into the side and so might strike terror into the side and so might strike terror into their desires when making use the bitter their desires when making use the bitter their desires when making use the bitter part of the liver to which it is akin it part of the liver to which it is akin it part of the liver to which it is akin it comes threatening and invading and comes threatening and invading and comes threatening and invading and diffusing this bitter element swiftly diffusing this bitter element swiftly diffusing this bitter element swiftly through the whole liver produces colors through the whole liver produces colors through the whole liver produces colors like bile and contracting every part like bile and contracting every part like bile and contracting every part makes it wrinkled and rough and twisting makes it wrinkled and rough and twisting makes it wrinkled and rough and twisting out of its right place and contorting out of its right place and contorting out of its right place and contorting the lobe and closing and shutting up the the lobe and closing and shutting up the the lobe and closing and shutting up the vessels and gates causes pain and vessels and gates causes pain and vessels and gates causes pain and loathing and the converse happens when loathing and the converse happens when loathing and the converse happens when some gentle inspiration of the some gentle inspiration of the some gentle inspiration of the understanding pictures images of an understanding pictures images of an understanding pictures images of an opposite character an delays the bile opposite character an delays the bile opposite character an delays the bile and bitterness by refusing to stir or and bitterness by refusing to stir or and bitterness by refusing to stir or touch the nature opposed to itself but touch the nature opposed to itself but touch the nature opposed to itself but by making use of the natural sweetness by making use of the natural sweetness by making use of the natural sweetness of the liver corrects all things and of the liver corrects all things and of the liver corrects all things and makes them to be right and smooth and makes them to be right and smooth and makes them to be right and smooth and free and renders the portion of the soul free and renders the portion of the soul free and renders the portion of the soul which resides about liver happy and

which resides about liver happy and which resides about liver happy and joyful enabling it to pass the night in joyful enabling it to pass the night in joyful enabling it to pass the night in peace and to practice divination in peace and to practice divination in peace and to practice divination in sleep in as much as it has no share in sleep in as much as it has no share in sleep in as much as it has no share in mind and reason for the authors of mind and reason for the authors of mind and reason for the authors of being remembering the command of her being remembering the command of her being remembering the command of her father when he bade them create the father when he bade them create the father when he bade them create the human race as good as they could that human race as good as they could that human race as good as they could that they might correct our inferior parts they might correct our inferior parts they might correct our inferior parts and make them to attain a measure of and make them to attain a measure of and make them to attain a measure of truth place in a liver the seed of truth place in a liver the seed of truth place in a liver the seed of divination and hearing is a proof that divination and hearing is a proof that divination and hearing is a proof that God has given the art of divination not God has given the art of divination not God has given the art of divination not to the wisdom but to the foolishness of to the wisdom but to the foolishness of to the wisdom but to the foolishness of man no man when in his widths attains man no man when in his widths attains man no man when in his widths attains prophetic truth and inspiration but when prophetic truth and inspiration but when prophetic truth and inspiration but when he receives the inspired Word others he receives the inspired Word others he receives the inspired Word others intelligence is enthralled in sleep or intelligence is enthralled in sleep or intelligence is enthralled in sleep or eased amended by some distemper of eased amended by some distemper of eased amended by some distemper of possession and he who would understand possession and he who would understand possession and he who would understand what he remembers to have been said what he remembers to have been said what he remembers to have been said whether in a dream or when he was awake whether in a dream or when he was awake whether in a dream or when he was awake by the prophetic and inspired nature or by the prophetic and inspired nature or by the prophetic and inspired nature or would determine by reason the meaning of would determine by reason the meaning of would determine by reason the meaning of the operations which he has seen and the operations which he has seen and the operations which he has seen and what indications they have fooled to what indications they have fooled to what indications they have fooled to this man or that of past present or this man or that of past present or this man or that of past present or future good and evil must first recover future good and evil must first recover future good and evil must first recover his wits but while he continues demented his wits but while he continues demented his wits but while he continues demented he cannot judge of the visions which he he cannot judge of the visions which he he cannot judge of the visions which he sees or the words which he utters the sees or the words which he utters the sees or the words which he utters the ancient saying is very true that only a ancient saying is very true that only a ancient saying is very true that only a man who has his wits can act or judge man who has his wits can act or judge man who has his wits can act or judge about himself as own affairs and for about himself as own affairs and for about himself as own affairs and for this reason it is customary to appoint this reason it is customary to appoint this reason it is customary to appoint interpreters to be judges of the true interpreters to be judges of the true interpreters to be judges of the true inspiration some persons call them

inspiration some persons call them inspiration some persons call them prophets they are quite unaware that prophets they are quite unaware that prophets they are quite unaware that they are only the expositors of dark they are only the expositors of dark they are only the expositors of dark sayings and visions and are not to be sayings and visions and are not to be sayings and visions and are not to be called prophets at all but only called prophets at all but only called prophets at all but only interpreters of prophecy such as the interpreters of prophecy such as the interpreters of prophecy such as the nature of the liver which is placed as nature of the liver which is placed as nature of the liver which is placed as we have described in order that it may we have described in order that it may we have described in order that it may give prophetic intimations during the give prophetic intimations during the give prophetic intimations during the life of each individual these life of each individual these life of each individual these intimations are planar but after his intimations are planar but after his intimations are planar but after his death the liver becomes blind and the death the liver becomes blind and the death the liver becomes blind and the livers Oracle's too obscure to be livers Oracle's too obscure to be livers Oracle's too obscure to be intelligible the neighboring organ is intelligible the neighboring organ is intelligible the neighboring organ is spleen is situated on the left hand side spleen is situated on the left hand side spleen is situated on the left hand side and is constructed with a view of and is constructed with a view of and is constructed with a view of keeping a liver bright and pure like a keeping a liver bright and pure like a keeping a liver bright and pure like a napkin always ready prepared and at hand napkin always ready prepared and at hand napkin always ready prepared and at hand to clean the mirror and hence when any to clean the mirror and hence when any to clean the mirror and hence when any impurities arise in the region of the impurities arise in the region of the impurities arise in the region of the liver by reason of these orders of the liver by reason of these orders of the liver by reason of these orders of the body the loose nature of the spleen body the loose nature of the spleen body the loose nature of the spleen which is composed of a hollow and which is composed of a hollow and which is composed of a hollow and bloodless tissue bloodless tissue bloodless tissue receives them all and clears them away receives them all and clears them away receives them all and clears them away and when filled with the unclean matter and when filled with the unclean matter and when filled with the unclean matter swells and Fester's but again when the swells and Fester's but again when the swells and Fester's but again when the body is purged settles down into the body is purged settles down into the body is purged settles down into the same place as before and is humbled same place as before and is humbled same place as before and is humbled concerning the soul as to which part is concerning the soul as to which part is concerning the soul as to which part is mortal and which divine and how and why mortal and which divine and how and why mortal and which divine and how and why they are separated and we're located if they are separated and we're located if they are separated and we're located if God acknowledges that we have spoken the God acknowledges that we have spoken the God acknowledges that we have spoken the truth then and then only can we be truth then and then only can we be truth then and then only can we be confident still we may venture to assert confident still we may venture to assert confident still we may venture to assert that what has been set by us is probable that what has been set by us is probable that what has been set by us is probable and will be rendered more probable by and will be rendered more probable by and will be rendered more probable by investigation let us assume this much investigation let us assume this much investigation let us assume this much the creation of the rest of the body

the creation of the rest of the body the creation of the rest of the body follows next in order and this will me follows next in order and this will me follows next in order and this will me investigate in a similar manner and it investigate in a similar manner and it investigate in a similar manner and it appears to be very meet that the body appears to be very meet that the body appears to be very meet that the body should be framed on the following should be framed on the following should be framed on the following principles the authors of our race were principles the authors of our race were principles the authors of our race were aware that we should be in temperate in aware that we should be in temperate in aware that we should be in temperate in eating and drinking and take a good deal eating and drinking and take a good deal eating and drinking and take a good deal more that was necessary or proper by more that was necessary or proper by more that was necessary or proper by reason of gluttony in order then that reason of gluttony in order then that reason of gluttony in order then that disease might not quickly destroy us disease might not quickly destroy us disease might not quickly destroy us unless our mortal raise should perish unless our mortal raise should perish unless our mortal raise should perish without fulfilling its end intending to without fulfilling its end intending to without fulfilling its end intending to provide against this the gods made what provide against this the gods made what provide against this the gods made what is called the lower belly to be a is called the lower belly to be a is called the lower belly to be a receptacle for the superfluous meat and receptacle for the superfluous meat and receptacle for the superfluous meat and drink and fold the convolution of the drink and fold the convolution of the drink and fold the convolution of the bowels so that the food might be bowels so that the food might be bowels so that the food might be prevented from passing quickly through prevented from passing quickly through prevented from passing quickly through and compelling the body to require more and compelling the body to require more and compelling the body to require more food less producing insatiable gluttony food less producing insatiable gluttony food less producing insatiable gluttony and making the whole race an enemy to and making the whole race an enemy to and making the whole race an enemy to philosophy and music and rebellious philosophy and music and rebellious philosophy and music and rebellious against the divinest elements within us against the divinest elements within us against the divinest elements within us the bones and flesh and other similar the bones and flesh and other similar the bones and flesh and other similar parts of us were made as follows the parts of us were made as follows the parts of us were made as follows the first principle of all of them was a first principle of all of them was a first principle of all of them was a generation of the marrow for the bonds generation of the marrow for the bonds generation of the marrow for the bonds of life which unites the soul with the of life which unites the soul with the of life which unites the soul with the body are made fast there and they are body are made fast there and they are body are made fast there and they are the root and foundation of the eunice the root and foundation of the eunice the root and foundation of the eunice the marrow itself is created out of the marrow itself is created out of the marrow itself is created out of other materials God took such of the other materials God took such of the other materials God took such of the primary triangles as we're straight and primary triangles as we're straight and primary triangles as we're straight and smooth and were adapted by their smooth and were adapted by their smooth and were adapted by their perfection to produce fire and water and perfection to produce fire and water and perfection to produce fire and water and air and earth these I say he separated air and earth these I say he separated air and earth these I say he separated from their kinds and mingling them in do from their kinds and mingling them in do from their kinds and mingling them in do proportions with one another made the

proportions with one another made the proportions with one another made the marrow out of them to be a universal marrow out of them to be a universal marrow out of them to be a universal seed of the whole seed of the whole seed of the whole of mankind and in this seed he then of mankind and in this seed he then of mankind and in this seed he then planted and enclosed the souls and in planted and enclosed the souls and in planted and enclosed the souls and in the original distribution gave the the original distribution gave the the original distribution gave the marrow as many in various forms as had marrow as many in various forms as had marrow as many in various forms as had different kinds of souls we're here different kinds of souls we're here different kinds of souls we're here after to receive that which like a field after to receive that which like a field after to receive that which like a field was to receive the divine seed he made was to receive the divine seed he made was to receive the divine seed he made round every way and called that Porsche round every way and called that Porsche round every way and called that Porsche of the marrow brain intending that when of the marrow brain intending that when of the marrow brain intending that when an animal was perfected the vessels an animal was perfected the vessels an animal was perfected the vessels containing this substance should be the containing this substance should be the containing this substance should be the head but that which was intended to head but that which was intended to head but that which was intended to contain the remaining and mortal part of contain the remaining and mortal part of contain the remaining and mortal part of the soul he distributed in two figures the soul he distributed in two figures the soul he distributed in two figures at once round and elongated and he at once round and elongated and he at once round and elongated and he called them all by the name marrow and called them all by the name marrow and called them all by the name marrow and to these esta anchors fasting the bonds to these esta anchors fasting the bonds to these esta anchors fasting the bonds of the whole soul he proceeded to of the whole soul he proceeded to of the whole soul he proceeded to fashion around them the entire framework fashion around them the entire framework fashion around them the entire framework of our body constructing for the marrow of our body constructing for the marrow of our body constructing for the marrow first of all the complete covering of first of all the complete covering of first of all the complete covering of bone bone was composed by him in the bone bone was composed by him in the bone bone was composed by him in the following manner having sifted pure and following manner having sifted pure and following manner having sifted pure and smooth earth he needed it and wetted it smooth earth he needed it and wetted it smooth earth he needed it and wetted it with Meryl and after that he put it into with Meryl and after that he put it into with Meryl and after that he put it into fire and then into water and once more fire and then into water and once more fire and then into water and once more into fire and again into water in this into fire and again into water in this into fire and again into water in this way by frequent transfers from one to way by frequent transfers from one to way by frequent transfers from one to the other he made it insoluble by either the other he made it insoluble by either the other he made it insoluble by either out of this he fashioned as an Aleph the out of this he fashioned as an Aleph the out of this he fashioned as an Aleph the globe made of bone which he placed globe made of bone which he placed globe made of bone which he placed around the brain and in this he left a around the brain and in this he left a around the brain and in this he left a narrow opening and around the mayor of narrow opening and around the mayor of narrow opening and around the mayor of the neck and back he formed vertebrae

the neck and back he formed vertebrae the neck and back he formed vertebrae which he placed under one another like which he placed under one another like which he placed under one another like pivots beginning at the head and pivots beginning at the head and pivots beginning at the head and extending through the whole of the trunk extending through the whole of the trunk extending through the whole of the trunk thus wishing to preserve the entire seed thus wishing to preserve the entire seed thus wishing to preserve the entire seed he enclosed it in its still like casing he enclosed it in its still like casing he enclosed it in its still like casing in certain joints and using in the in certain joints and using in the in certain joints and using in the formation of them the power of the other formation of them the power of the other formation of them the power of the other or diverse as an intermediate nature or diverse as an intermediate nature or diverse as an intermediate nature that they might have the motion and that they might have the motion and that they might have the motion and flexure then again considering that the flexure then again considering that the flexure then again considering that the bone would be too brittle and inflexible bone would be too brittle and inflexible bone would be too brittle and inflexible and on heated and again cooled would and on heated and again cooled would and on heated and again cooled would soon mortify and destroy the seed within soon mortify and destroy the seed within soon mortify and destroy the seed within having this in view he contrived the having this in view he contrived the having this in view he contrived the sinews and the flesh that's so binding sinews and the flesh that's so binding sinews and the flesh that's so binding all the members together by the sinews all the members together by the sinews all the members together by the sinews which admitted of being stretched and which admitted of being stretched and which admitted of being stretched and relaxed about the vertebrae he might relaxed about the vertebrae he might relaxed about the vertebrae he might nurse make a body capable of nurse make a body capable of nurse make a body capable of flexion and extension or the flesh would flexion and extension or the flesh would flexion and extension or the flesh would serve as a protection against the summer serve as a protection against the summer serve as a protection against the summer heat and against the winter cold and heat and against the winter cold and heat and against the winter cold and also against Falls softly and easily also against Falls softly and easily also against Falls softly and easily yielding to external bodies like yielding to external bodies like yielding to external bodies like articles made of felt and containing in articles made of felt and containing in articles made of felt and containing in itself a warm moisture which in summer itself a warm moisture which in summer itself a warm moisture which in summer exudes and makes the service damp put in exudes and makes the service damp put in exudes and makes the service damp put in part and natural coolness of the whole part and natural coolness of the whole part and natural coolness of the whole body and again in winter by the help of body and again in winter by the help of body and again in winter by the help of this internal warmth would form a very this internal warmth would form a very this internal warmth would form a very tolerable defense against the frost tolerable defense against the frost tolerable defense against the frost which surrounds it and at exit from which surrounds it and at exit from which surrounds it and at exit from without he who modeled us considering without he who modeled us considering without he who modeled us considering these things mixed earth with fire and these things mixed earth with fire and these things mixed earth with fire and water and blended them and making a water and blended them and making a water and blended them and making a firmament of acid and sold he mingled it firmament of acid and sold he mingled it firmament of acid and sold he mingled it with them and formed soft and succulent

with them and formed soft and succulent with them and formed soft and succulent flesh as for the sinews he made them of flesh as for the sinews he made them of flesh as for the sinews he made them of a mixture of bone and unfermented flesh a mixture of bone and unfermented flesh a mixture of bone and unfermented flesh a tempered so as to be in a mean and a tempered so as to be in a mean and a tempered so as to be in a mean and gave them a yellow color hour for the gave them a yellow color hour for the gave them a yellow color hour for the sinuous have a firmer and more glutinous sinuous have a firmer and more glutinous sinuous have a firmer and more glutinous nature than flesh but a softer and nature than flesh but a softer and nature than flesh but a softer and moisture nature than the bones with moisture nature than the bones with moisture nature than the bones with these God covered the bones and marrow these God covered the bones and marrow these God covered the bones and marrow binding them together by sinews and then binding them together by sinews and then binding them together by sinews and then enshrouded them all in an upper covering enshrouded them all in an upper covering enshrouded them all in an upper covering of flesh the more living and sensitive of flesh the more living and sensitive of flesh the more living and sensitive of the bones he enclosed in a thinnest of the bones he enclosed in a thinnest of the bones he enclosed in a thinnest film of flesh and those which had the film of flesh and those which had the film of flesh and those which had the least life within them in the thickest least life within them in the thickest least life within them in the thickest and most solid flesh so again on the and most solid flesh so again on the and most solid flesh so again on the joint of the bones where reason joint of the bones where reason joint of the bones where reason indicated that no more was required he indicated that no more was required he indicated that no more was required he placed only a thin covering a flesh that placed only a thin covering a flesh that placed only a thin covering a flesh that it might not interfere with the flexion it might not interfere with the flexion it might not interfere with the flexion of our bodies and make them unwieldy of our bodies and make them unwieldy of our bodies and make them unwieldy because difficult to move and also that because difficult to move and also that because difficult to move and also that it might not by being crowded and it might not by being crowded and it might not by being crowded and pressed and matted together destroy pressed and matted together destroy pressed and matted together destroy sensation by reason of its hardness and sensation by reason of its hardness and sensation by reason of its hardness and impair the memory and dull the edge of impair the memory and dull the edge of impair the memory and dull the edge of intelligence wherefore also the thighs intelligence wherefore also the thighs intelligence wherefore also the thighs and the shanks and the hips and the and the shanks and the hips and the and the shanks and the hips and the bones of the arms in the forearms at bones of the arms in the forearms at bones of the arms in the forearms at other pods which have no joints and the other pods which have no joints and the other pods which have no joints and the inner bones which on account of the inner bones which on account of the inner bones which on account of the rarity of the soul in the marrow are rarity of the soul in the marrow are rarity of the soul in the marrow are destitute of reason all these are destitute of reason all these are destitute of reason all these are abundantly provided with flesh but such abundantly provided with flesh but such abundantly provided with flesh but such as if mind in them aren't generally less as if mind in them aren't generally less as if mind in them aren't generally less fleshy except where the Creator has made fleshy except where the Creator has made fleshy except where the Creator has made some parts solely of flesh in order to some parts solely of flesh in order to some parts solely of flesh in order to give sensation as for example that give sensation as for example that give sensation as for example that wrong but commonly this is not the case

wrong but commonly this is not the case wrong but commonly this is not the case for the nature which comes into being for the nature which comes into being for the nature which comes into being and grows up in us by a law of necessity and grows up in us by a law of necessity and grows up in us by a law of necessity does not admit of the combination of does not admit of the combination of does not admit of the combination of solid bone and much flesh with acute solid bone and much flesh with acute solid bone and much flesh with acute perceptions more than any other part the perceptions more than any other part the perceptions more than any other part the framework of the head would have had framework of the head would have had framework of the head would have had them if they could have coexisted and them if they could have coexisted and them if they could have coexisted and the human race having a strong and the human race having a strong and the human race having a strong and fleshy and sinewy hat would have had a fleshy and sinewy hat would have had a fleshy and sinewy hat would have had a life twice or many times as long as it life twice or many times as long as it life twice or many times as long as it now has and also more healthy and free now has and also more healthy and free now has and also more healthy and free from pain but our creators considering from pain but our creators considering from pain but our creators considering whether they should make a longer lived whether they should make a longer lived whether they should make a longer lived race which was worse or a short earthly race which was worse or a short earthly race which was worse or a short earthly phrase which was better came to the phrase which was better came to the phrase which was better came to the conclusion that everyone all to prefer a conclusion that everyone all to prefer a conclusion that everyone all to prefer a shorter span of life which was better to shorter span of life which was better to shorter span of life which was better to a longer one which was worse and a longer one which was worse and a longer one which was worse and therefore they covered the head with therefore they covered the head with therefore they covered the head with thin bone but not with flesh and sinuous thin bone but not with flesh and sinuous thin bone but not with flesh and sinuous since it had no joints and thus the head since it had no joints and thus the head since it had no joints and thus the head was added having more wisdom and was added having more wisdom and was added having more wisdom and sensation and the rest of the body but sensation and the rest of the body but sensation and the rest of the body but also being in every man far weaker for also being in every man far weaker for also being in every man far weaker for these reasons and after this manner God these reasons and after this manner God these reasons and after this manner God placed the sinews at the extremity of placed the sinews at the extremity of placed the sinews at the extremity of the head in a circle round the neck and the head in a circle round the neck and the head in a circle round the neck and glued them together by the principle of glued them together by the principle of glued them together by the principle of likeness and fastened the extremities of likeness and fastened the extremities of likeness and fastened the extremities of the jaw bones to them below the face and the jaw bones to them below the face and the jaw bones to them below the face and the other see news he dispersed the other see news he dispersed the other see news he dispersed throughout the body fastening limb to throughout the body fastening limb to throughout the body fastening limb to limb the framers of us framed the mouth limb the framers of us framed the mouth limb the framers of us framed the mouth as now arranged having teeth and tongue as now arranged having teeth and tongue as now arranged having teeth and tongue and lips with a view to the necessary and lips with a view to the necessary and lips with a view to the necessary and the good contriving the way in for and the good contriving the way in for and the good contriving the way in for necessary purposes the way out for the

necessary purposes the way out for the necessary purposes the way out for the best purposes for that is necessary best purposes for that is necessary best purposes for that is necessary which enters in and gives food to the which enters in and gives food to the which enters in and gives food to the body but a river or speech which flows body but a river or speech which flows body but a river or speech which flows out of men and ministers to the out of men and ministers to the out of men and ministers to the intelligence is the fairest and noblest intelligence is the fairest and noblest intelligence is the fairest and noblest of all streams still the head could of all streams still the head could of all streams still the head could neither be left a bare frame of bones on neither be left a bare frame of bones on neither be left a bare frame of bones on account of the extremes of heat and cold account of the extremes of heat and cold account of the extremes of heat and cold in the different seasons nor yet be in the different seasons nor yet be in the different seasons nor yet be allowed to be wholly covered and so allowed to be wholly covered and so allowed to be wholly covered and so become dull and senseless by reason of become dull and senseless by reason of become dull and senseless by reason of an overgrowth of flesh the fleshy nature an overgrowth of flesh the fleshy nature an overgrowth of flesh the fleshy nature was not there for holy dried up but a was not there for holy dried up but a was not there for holy dried up but a large sort of Peel was parted off and large sort of Peel was parted off and large sort of Peel was parted off and remained over which is now called the remained over which is now called the remained over which is now called the skin this met and skin this met and skin this met and roubaix the help of the cerebral roubaix the help of the cerebral roubaix the help of the cerebral moisture and became the circular moisture and became the circular moisture and became the circular envelopment of the head and the moisture envelopment of the head and the moisture envelopment of the head and the moisture rising up under sutures waters and rising up under sutures waters and rising up under sutures waters and closed in the skin upon the crown closed in the skin upon the crown closed in the skin upon the crown forming a sort of not the diversity of forming a sort of not the diversity of forming a sort of not the diversity of the sutures was caused by the power of the sutures was caused by the power of the sutures was caused by the power of the courses of the soul and of the food the courses of the soul and of the food the courses of the soul and of the food and the more they struggled against one and the more they struggled against one and the more they struggled against one another the more numerous they became another the more numerous they became another the more numerous they became and fewer of the struggle were less and fewer of the struggle were less and fewer of the struggle were less violent this skin the divine power violent this skin the divine power violent this skin the divine power pierced all round with fire and out of pierced all round with fire and out of pierced all round with fire and out of the punches which were thus made the the punches which were thus made the the punches which were thus made the moisture issued forth and the liquid and moisture issued forth and the liquid and moisture issued forth and the liquid and heat which was pure came away and a heat which was pure came away and a heat which was pure came away and a mixed part which was composed of the mixed part which was composed of the mixed part which was composed of the same material as the skin and had her same material as the skin and had her same material as the skin and had her finest equal to the punctures and was finest equal to the punctures and was finest equal to the punctures and was born up by its own impulse and extended born up by its own impulse and extended born up by its own impulse and extended far outside the head but being too slow far outside the head but being too slow far outside the head but being too slow to escape was thrust back by the

to escape was thrust back by the to escape was thrust back by the external air and rolled up underneath external air and rolled up underneath external air and rolled up underneath the skin where it took root thus the the skin where it took root thus the the skin where it took root thus the hair sprang up in the skin being akin to hair sprang up in the skin being akin to hair sprang up in the skin being akin to it because it's like threats of leather it because it's like threats of leather it because it's like threats of leather but run it harder and closer through the but run it harder and closer through the but run it harder and closer through the pressure of the cold by which each hair pressure of the cold by which each hair pressure of the cold by which each hair while in process of separation from the while in process of separation from the while in process of separation from the skin is compressed and cooled where fool skin is compressed and cooled where fool skin is compressed and cooled where fool the Creator fooled the head Harry making the Creator fooled the head Harry making the Creator fooled the head Harry making use of the causes which I've mentioned use of the causes which I've mentioned use of the causes which I've mentioned and reflecting also that instead of and reflecting also that instead of and reflecting also that instead of flesh the brain neither the hair to be a flesh the brain neither the hair to be a flesh the brain neither the hair to be a light covering or guard which would give light covering or guard which would give light covering or guard which would give shade in summer and shelter in winter shade in summer and shelter in winter shade in summer and shelter in winter and at the same time would not impede and at the same time would not impede and at the same time would not impede our quickness of perception from the our quickness of perception from the our quickness of perception from the combination of sinew skin and bone in combination of sinew skin and bone in combination of sinew skin and bone in the structure of their finger that the structure of their finger that the structure of their finger that arises a triple compound which when arises a triple compound which when arises a triple compound which when dried up takes the form of one hard skin dried up takes the form of one hard skin dried up takes the form of one hard skin partaking of all three nature's and was partaking of all three nature's and was partaking of all three nature's and was fabricated by these second causes but fabricated by these second causes but fabricated by these second causes but designed by mind which is the principal designed by mind which is the principal designed by mind which is the principal calls with an eye to the future for our calls with an eye to the future for our calls with an eye to the future for our creators well knew that women and other creators well knew that women and other creators well knew that women and other animals would someday be framed out of animals would someday be framed out of animals would someday be framed out of men and they further knew that many men and they further knew that many men and they further knew that many animals would require the use of neil's animals would require the use of neil's animals would require the use of neil's for many purposes wherefore they for many purposes wherefore they for many purposes wherefore they fashioned in men at their first creation fashioned in men at their first creation fashioned in men at their first creation the rudiments of nails for this purpose the rudiments of nails for this purpose the rudiments of nails for this purpose and for these reasons they caused skin and for these reasons they caused skin and for these reasons they caused skin and nails to grow at the extremities of and nails to grow at the extremities of and nails to grow at the extremities of the limbs end of part 6

part 7 of Timaeus this is a librivox part 7 of Timaeus this is a librivox recording all librivox recordings are in recording all librivox recordings are in recording all librivox recordings are in the public domain for more information the public domain for more information the public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit or to volunteer please visit or to volunteer please visit librivox.org recording by on ocimum librivox.org recording by on ocimum librivox.org recording by on ocimum Timaeus by Plato translated by Benjamin Timaeus by Plato translated by Benjamin Timaeus by Plato translated by Benjamin Jowett part 7 Timaeus continues and now Jowett part 7 Timaeus continues and now Jowett part 7 Timaeus continues and now that all the parts and members of the that all the parts and members of the that all the parts and members of the mortal animal had come together since mortal animal had come together since mortal animal had come together since its life of necessity consisted of fire its life of necessity consisted of fire its life of necessity consisted of fire and breath and it therefore wasted away and breath and it therefore wasted away and breath and it therefore wasted away by dissolution and depletion the gods by dissolution and depletion the gods by dissolution and depletion the gods contrived the following remedy they contrived the following remedy they contrived the following remedy they mingled a nature akin to that of men mingled a nature akin to that of men mingled a nature akin to that of men with other forms and perceptions and with other forms and perceptions and with other forms and perceptions and thus created another kind of animal thus created another kind of animal thus created another kind of animal these are the trees and plants and seeds these are the trees and plants and seeds these are the trees and plants and seeds which have been improved by cultivation which have been improved by cultivation which have been improved by cultivation and are now domesticated among us and are now domesticated among us and are now domesticated among us anciently there are only the wild kinds anciently there are only the wild kinds anciently there are only the wild kinds which are older than the cultivated for which are older than the cultivated for which are older than the cultivated for everything that partakes of life may be everything that partakes of life may be everything that partakes of life may be truly called a living being and the truly called a living being and the truly called a living being and the animal of which we are now speaking part animal of which we are now speaking part animal of which we are now speaking part takes with a third kind of soul which is takes with a third kind of soul which is takes with a third kind of soul which is set to be seated between the midriff and set to be seated between the midriff and set to be seated between the midriff and a naval having no part in opinion or a naval having no part in opinion or a naval having no part in opinion or reason or mind but only in feelings of reason or mind but only in feelings of reason or mind but only in feelings of pleasure and pain and the desires which pleasure and pain and the desires which pleasure and pain and the desires which accompany them for this nature is always accompany them for this nature is always accompany them for this nature is always in a passive state revolving in and in a passive state revolving in and in a passive state revolving in and about itself repelling the motion from about itself repelling the motion from about itself repelling the motion from move out and using its own and move out and using its own and move out and using its own and accordingly is not undoubted power of accordingly is not undoubted power of accordingly is not undoubted power of observing or reflecting on its own

observing or reflecting on its own observing or reflecting on its own concerns where forward lives and does concerns where forward lives and does concerns where forward lives and does not differ from a living being but is not differ from a living being but is not differ from a living being but is fixed and rooted in the same spot having fixed and rooted in the same spot having fixed and rooted in the same spot having no power of self motion now after the no power of self motion now after the no power of self motion now after the superior prowess had created all these superior prowess had created all these superior prowess had created all these nature's to be food for us who are of nature's to be food for us who are of nature's to be food for us who are of the inferior nature they cut various the inferior nature they cut various the inferior nature they cut various channels through the body as through a channels through the body as through a channels through the body as through a garden that it might be watered as from garden that it might be watered as from garden that it might be watered as from a running stream in the first place they a running stream in the first place they a running stream in the first place they cut two hidden channels or veins down cut two hidden channels or veins down cut two hidden channels or veins down the back where the skin and the flesh the back where the skin and the flesh the back where the skin and the flesh join which answered severally to the join which answered severally to the join which answered severally to the right and left side of the body the right and left side of the body the right and left side of the body the they let down along the backbone so as they let down along the backbone so as they let down along the backbone so as to have the marrow of generation between to have the marrow of generation between to have the marrow of generation between them where it was most likely to them where it was most likely to them where it was most likely to flourish and in order that the stream flourish and in order that the stream flourish and in order that the stream coming down from above might flow freely coming down from above might flow freely coming down from above might flow freely to the other parts and equalize the to the other parts and equalize the to the other parts and equalize the irrigation in the next place they irrigation in the next place they irrigation in the next place they divided the veins about the head and divided the veins about the head and divided the veins about the head and interlacing them they send them in interlacing them they send them in interlacing them they send them in opposite directions those coming from opposite directions those coming from opposite directions those coming from the right side they sent to the left of the right side they sent to the left of the right side they sent to the left of the body and those from the left they the body and those from the left they the body and those from the left they diverted towards the right so that they diverted towards the right so that they diverted towards the right so that they in the skin might together form a bond in the skin might together form a bond in the skin might together form a bond which should fasten the head to the body which should fasten the head to the body which should fasten the head to the body since the crown of the head was not since the crown of the head was not since the crown of the head was not encircled by seniors and also in order encircled by seniors and also in order encircled by seniors and also in order that the sensations from both sides that the sensations from both sides that the sensations from both sides might be distributed over the whole body might be distributed over the whole body might be distributed over the whole body and next they ordered the watercourses and next they ordered the watercourses and next they ordered the watercourses of the body in a manner which I will of the body in a manner which I will of the body in a manner which I will describe and which will be more easily describe and which will be more easily describe and which will be more easily understood if we begin by admitting that

understood if we begin by admitting that understood if we begin by admitting that all things would have lesser parts all things would have lesser parts all things would have lesser parts retain the greater but the greater retain the greater but the greater retain the greater but the greater cannot retain the lesser now of all cannot retain the lesser now of all cannot retain the lesser now of all nature's fire has the smallest parts and nature's fire has the smallest parts and nature's fire has the smallest parts and therefore penetrates through earth and therefore penetrates through earth and therefore penetrates through earth and water and air and their compounds nor water and air and their compounds nor water and air and their compounds nor can anything hold it and a similar can anything hold it and a similar can anything hold it and a similar principle applies to the human Valley principle applies to the human Valley principle applies to the human Valley for when meats and drinks enter it it for when meats and drinks enter it it for when meats and drinks enter it it holds them but it cannot hold air and holds them but it cannot hold air and holds them but it cannot hold air and fire because the particles of which they fire because the particles of which they fire because the particles of which they consist are smaller than its own consist are smaller than its own consist are smaller than its own structure these elements there fool God structure these elements there fool God structure these elements there fool God employed for the sake of distributing employed for the sake of distributing employed for the sake of distributing moisture from the belly into the veins moisture from the belly into the veins moisture from the belly into the veins weaving together a network of fire and weaving together a network of fire and weaving together a network of fire and air like a wheel having at the entrance air like a wheel having at the entrance air like a wheel having at the entrance to lesser wheels further he constructed to lesser wheels further he constructed to lesser wheels further he constructed one of these with two openings and from one of these with two openings and from one of these with two openings and from the lesser wheels he extended chords the lesser wheels he extended chords the lesser wheels he extended chords reaching all round to the extremities of reaching all round to the extremities of reaching all round to the extremities of the network all the interior of the net the network all the interior of the net the network all the interior of the net he made a fire but the lesser wheels and he made a fire but the lesser wheels and he made a fire but the lesser wheels and their cavity of air the network he took their cavity of air the network he took their cavity of air the network he took can spread over the newly formed animal can spread over the newly formed animal can spread over the newly formed animal in the following manner he let the in the following manner he let the in the following manner he let the lesser wheels pass into the mouth there lesser wheels pass into the mouth there lesser wheels pass into the mouth there were two of them and one he let down by were two of them and one he let down by were two of them and one he let down by the air pipes into the lungs the other the air pipes into the lungs the other the air pipes into the lungs the other by the side of the air pipes into the by the side of the air pipes into the by the side of the air pipes into the belly the former he divided into two belly the former he divided into two belly the former he divided into two branches branches branches both of which he made to meet at the both of which he made to meet at the both of which he made to meet at the channels of the nose so that when the channels of the nose so that when the channels of the nose so that when the way through the mouth did not act the way through the mouth did not act the way through the mouth did not act the streams of the mouth as well were streams of the mouth as well were streams of the mouth as well were replenished through the nose with the replenished through the nose with the replenished through the nose with the other cavity that is of the greater

other cavity that is of the greater other cavity that is of the greater wheel he enveloped the hollow parts of wheel he enveloped the hollow parts of wheel he enveloped the hollow parts of the body and at one time he made all the body and at one time he made all the body and at one time he made all this to flow into the lesser wheels this to flow into the lesser wheels this to flow into the lesser wheels quite gently for their composed of air quite gently for their composed of air quite gently for their composed of air and at another time he calls the lesser and at another time he calls the lesser and at another time he calls the lesser wheels to flow back again and the net he wheels to flow back again and the net he wheels to flow back again and the net he made to find a way in and out through made to find a way in and out through made to find a way in and out through the poles of the body and the Rays of the poles of the body and the Rays of the poles of the body and the Rays of fire which are bound fast within fire which are bound fast within fire which are bound fast within followed passage of the air either way followed passage of the air either way followed passage of the air either way never at any time ceasing so long as the never at any time ceasing so long as the never at any time ceasing so long as the mortal being holds together this process mortal being holds together this process mortal being holds together this process as we affirm the name giver named as we affirm the name giver named as we affirm the name giver named inspiration and expiration and all this inspiration and expiration and all this inspiration and expiration and all this movement active as well as passive takes movement active as well as passive takes movement active as well as passive takes place in order that the body being place in order that the body being place in order that the body being watered and cooled may receive watered and cooled may receive watered and cooled may receive nourishment and life for when the nourishment and life for when the nourishment and life for when the respiration is going in and out and the respiration is going in and out and the respiration is going in and out and the fire which is fast bound within follows fire which is fast bound within follows fire which is fast bound within follows it and ever and anon moving to and fro it and ever and anon moving to and fro it and ever and anon moving to and fro and us through the belly and reaches the and us through the belly and reaches the and us through the belly and reaches the meat and drink it dissolves them and meat and drink it dissolves them and meat and drink it dissolves them and dividing them into small portions and dividing them into small portions and dividing them into small portions and guiding them through the passages where guiding them through the passages where guiding them through the passages where it goes pumps them as from a fountain it goes pumps them as from a fountain it goes pumps them as from a fountain into the channels of the veins and makes into the channels of the veins and makes into the channels of the veins and makes this stream of the veins flow through this stream of the veins flow through this stream of the veins flow through the body through a conduit let us once the body through a conduit let us once the body through a conduit let us once more consider the phenomena of more consider the phenomena of more consider the phenomena of respiration and inquire into the causes respiration and inquire into the causes respiration and inquire into the causes which have made it what it is they are which have made it what it is they are which have made it what it is they are as follows seeing that there is no such as follows seeing that there is no such as follows seeing that there is no such thing as a vacuum into which any of thing as a vacuum into which any of thing as a vacuum into which any of those things which are moved can enter those things which are moved can enter those things which are moved can enter and the birth is carried from us into and the birth is carried from us into and the birth is carried from us into the external air the next point is as

the external air the next point is as the external air the next point is as will be clear to everyone that it does will be clear to everyone that it does will be clear to everyone that it does not go into a vacant space but pushes not go into a vacant space but pushes not go into a vacant space but pushes its neighbour out of its place and that its neighbour out of its place and that its neighbour out of its place and that which is thrust out in turn drives out which is thrust out in turn drives out which is thrust out in turn drives out its neighbour and in this way everything its neighbour and in this way everything its neighbour and in this way everything of necessity at last comes around to of necessity at last comes around to of necessity at last comes around to that place from whence the breath came that place from whence the breath came that place from whence the breath came forth and end us in there and following forth and end us in there and following forth and end us in there and following the breath fills up the vacant space and the breath fills up the vacant space and the breath fills up the vacant space and this goes on like the rotation of a this goes on like the rotation of a this goes on like the rotation of a wheel because there can be no such thing wheel because there can be no such thing wheel because there can be no such thing as a vacuum wherefore also the breast as a vacuum wherefore also the breast as a vacuum wherefore also the breast and a lung and a lung and a lung when they admit the breath are when they admit the breath are when they admit the breath are replenished by the air which surrounds replenished by the air which surrounds replenished by the air which surrounds the body and which enters in through the the body and which enters in through the the body and which enters in through the pools of the flesh and is driven around pools of the flesh and is driven around pools of the flesh and is driven around in a circle and again the air which is in a circle and again the air which is in a circle and again the air which is sent away and passes out through the sent away and passes out through the sent away and passes out through the body forced the breath in words through body forced the breath in words through body forced the breath in words through the passage of the mouth and the the passage of the mouth and the the passage of the mouth and the nostrils now the origin of this movement nostrils now the origin of this movement nostrils now the origin of this movement may be supposed to be as follows in the may be supposed to be as follows in the may be supposed to be as follows in the interior of every animal the hottest interior of every animal the hottest interior of every animal the hottest part is that what is around the blood part is that what is around the blood part is that what is around the blood and veins it is in a manner an internal and veins it is in a manner an internal and veins it is in a manner an internal fountain of fire which we compared to fountain of fire which we compared to fountain of fire which we compared to the network of a Creole being woven wool the network of a Creole being woven wool the network of a Creole being woven wool fire and extended to the center of the fire and extended to the center of the fire and extended to the center of the body while the outer parts are composed body while the outer parts are composed body while the outer parts are composed of air now we must admit that heat of air now we must admit that heat of air now we must admit that heat naturally proceeds outward to its own naturally proceeds outward to its own naturally proceeds outward to its own place and to its kindred element and as place and to its kindred element and as place and to its kindred element and as there are two exits for the heat the one there are two exits for the heat the one there are two exits for the heat the one out through the body and the other out through the body and the other out through the body and the other through the mouth and nostrils when it through the mouth and nostrils when it through the mouth and nostrils when it moves towards the one it drives around moves towards the one it drives around moves towards the one it drives around the air the other and that which is the air the other and that which is the air the other and that which is driven around falls into the fire and

driven around falls into the fire and driven around falls into the fire and becomes warm and that which goes forth becomes warm and that which goes forth becomes warm and that which goes forth is cooled but when the heat changes its is cooled but when the heat changes its is cooled but when the heat changes its place and that particles are the other place and that particles are the other place and that particles are the other exit grow warmer the hotter air exit grow warmer the hotter air exit grow warmer the hotter air inclining in that direction and carry inclining in that direction and carry inclining in that direction and carry towards its native element fire pushes towards its native element fire pushes towards its native element fire pushes round the air at the other and this round the air at the other and this round the air at the other and this being affected in the same way and being affected in the same way and being affected in the same way and communicating the same impulse a communicating the same impulse a communicating the same impulse a circular motion swaying to and fro is circular motion swaying to and fro is circular motion swaying to and fro is produced by the double process which we produced by the double process which we produced by the double process which we call inspiration and expiration the call inspiration and expiration the call inspiration and expiration the phenomena of medical cupping glasses out phenomena of medical cupping glasses out phenomena of medical cupping glasses out of the swallowing of drink and of the of the swallowing of drink and of the of the swallowing of drink and of the production of bodies whether discharged production of bodies whether discharged production of bodies whether discharged in the air or wild along the ground are in the air or wild along the ground are in the air or wild along the ground are to be investigated on a similar to be investigated on a similar to be investigated on a similar principle and Swift and slow sounds principle and Swift and slow sounds principle and Swift and slow sounds which appear to be high and low and are which appear to be high and low and are which appear to be high and low and are sometimes discordant on account of their sometimes discordant on account of their sometimes discordant on account of their inequality and then again harmonica on inequality and then again harmonica on inequality and then again harmonica on account of the equality of emotion which account of the equality of emotion which account of the equality of emotion which the excitedness for when emotions of the the excitedness for when emotions of the the excitedness for when emotions of the antecedent swifter sounds begin to pause antecedent swifter sounds begin to pause antecedent swifter sounds begin to pause and the two are equalized the slower and the two are equalized the slower and the two are equalized the slower sounds overtake the swifter and then sounds overtake the swifter and then sounds overtake the swifter and then propel them when they overtake them they propel them when they overtake them they propel them when they overtake them they do not intrude a new and discordant do not intrude a new and discordant do not intrude a new and discordant motion but introduce the beginnings of a motion but introduce the beginnings of a motion but introduce the beginnings of a lower which answers to the swifter as it lower which answers to the swifter as it lower which answers to the swifter as it dies away thus producing a single mixed dies away thus producing a single mixed dies away thus producing a single mixed expression out of high and low once expression out of high and low once expression out of high and low once arises a pleasure which even the unwise arises a pleasure which even the unwise arises a pleasure which even the unwise feel and which to the wise becomes a feel and which to the wise becomes a feel and which to the wise becomes a higher sort of delight being an higher sort of delight being an higher sort of delight being an imitation of divine harmony in mortal

imitation of divine harmony in mortal imitation of divine harmony in mortal motions moreover asked the flowing of motions moreover asked the flowing of motions moreover asked the flowing of water the fall of the Thunderbolt and water the fall of the Thunderbolt and water the fall of the Thunderbolt and the marvels that are observed about the the marvels that are observed about the the marvels that are observed about the attraction of amber and the her a clay attraction of amber and the her a clay attraction of amber and the her a clay and stones in none of these cases is and stones in none of these cases is and stones in none of these cases is there any attraction that he you there any attraction that he you there any attraction that he you investigates rightly will find that such investigates rightly will find that such investigates rightly will find that such wonderful phenomena are attributable to wonderful phenomena are attributable to wonderful phenomena are attributable to the combination of certain conditions the combination of certain conditions the combination of certain conditions the non-existence of a vacuum the fact the non-existence of a vacuum the fact the non-existence of a vacuum the fact that objects push one another around and that objects push one another around and that objects push one another around and that they change places passing that they change places passing that they change places passing severally into their proper positions as severally into their proper positions as severally into their proper positions as they are divided or combined such as we they are divided or combined such as we they are divided or combined such as we have seen is the nature and such are the have seen is the nature and such are the have seen is the nature and such are the causes of respiration the subject in causes of respiration the subject in causes of respiration the subject in which this discussion originated for the which this discussion originated for the which this discussion originated for the fire cuts the food and following the fire cuts the food and following the fire cuts the food and following the breath surges up with in fire and breath breath surges up with in fire and breath breath surges up with in fire and breath rising together and filling the veins by rising together and filling the veins by rising together and filling the veins by drawing up out of the belly and pouring drawing up out of the belly and pouring drawing up out of the belly and pouring into them the cut portions of the food into them the cut portions of the food into them the cut portions of the food and so the streams of food are kept and so the streams of food are kept and so the streams of food are kept flowing through the whole body in all flowing through the whole body in all flowing through the whole body in all animals and fresh cuttings from kindred animals and fresh cuttings from kindred animals and fresh cuttings from kindred substances whether the fruits of the substances whether the fruits of the substances whether the fruits of the earth or her with field which God earth or her with field which God earth or her with field which God planted to be our daily food acquire all planted to be our daily food acquire all planted to be our daily food acquire all sorts of colors by their intermixture sorts of colors by their intermixture sorts of colors by their intermixture but red is the most pervading of them but red is the most pervading of them but red is the most pervading of them being created by the cutting action of being created by the cutting action of being created by the cutting action of fire and by the impression which it fire and by the impression which it fire and by the impression which it makes on a moist substance and hence the makes on a moist substance and hence the makes on a moist substance and hence the liquid which circulates in a body has a liquid which circulates in a body has a liquid which circulates in a body has a color such as we have described the color such as we have described the color such as we have described the liquid itself we call blood which liquid itself we call blood which liquid itself we call blood which nourishes the flesh and the whole body

nourishes the flesh and the whole body nourishes the flesh and the whole body whence all parts are watered and empty whence all parts are watered and empty whence all parts are watered and empty places filled now the process of places filled now the process of places filled now the process of repletion and evacuation is effected repletion and evacuation is effected repletion and evacuation is effected after the manner of the universal motion after the manner of the universal motion after the manner of the universal motion by which all kindred substances are by which all kindred substances are by which all kindred substances are drawn towards one another for the drawn towards one another for the drawn towards one another for the external elements which surround us are external elements which surround us are external elements which surround us are always causing us to consume away and always causing us to consume away and always causing us to consume away and distributing and sending off like to distributing and sending off like to distributing and sending off like to like the particles of blood to which are like the particles of blood to which are like the particles of blood to which are divided and contained within the frame divided and contained within the frame divided and contained within the frame of the animal as in a sort of heaven are of the animal as in a sort of heaven are of the animal as in a sort of heaven are compelled to imitate the motion of the compelled to imitate the motion of the compelled to imitate the motion of the universe each they're full of the universe each they're full of the universe each they're full of the divided parts within us being carried to divided parts within us being carried to divided parts within us being carried to its kindred nature replenishes the void its kindred nature replenishes the void its kindred nature replenishes the void when more is taken away then flows in when more is taken away then flows in when more is taken away then flows in then we decay and when less we grow and then we decay and when less we grow and then we decay and when less we grow and increase the frame of the entire increase the frame of the entire increase the frame of the entire creature when young has a triangles of creature when young has a triangles of creature when young has a triangles of each kind new and maybe compared to the each kind new and maybe compared to the each kind new and maybe compared to the keel of a vessel which is just off the keel of a vessel which is just off the keel of a vessel which is just off the stocks they are locked firmly together stocks they are locked firmly together stocks they are locked firmly together and yet the whole mass is soft and and yet the whole mass is soft and and yet the whole mass is soft and delicate being freshly formed of marrow delicate being freshly formed of marrow delicate being freshly formed of marrow and nurtured on milk now when the and nurtured on milk now when the and nurtured on milk now when the triangles out of which meats and drinks triangles out of which meats and drinks triangles out of which meats and drinks are composed come in from without and are composed come in from without and are composed come in from without and are comprehended in the body being older are comprehended in the body being older are comprehended in the body being older and weaker than the triangles already and weaker than the triangles already and weaker than the triangles already there the frame of the body gets the there the frame of the body gets the there the frame of the body gets the better of them and it's newer triangles better of them and it's newer triangles better of them and it's newer triangles cut them up and so the animal grows cut them up and so the animal grows cut them up and so the animal grows great being nourished by a multitude of great being nourished by a multitude of great being nourished by a multitude of similar particles but when the roots of similar particles but when the roots of similar particles but when the roots of the triangles are loosened by having the triangles are loosened by having the triangles are loosened by having undergone many conflicts with many

undergone many conflicts with many undergone many conflicts with many things in the cause of time they are no things in the cause of time they are no things in the cause of time they are no longer able to cut or assimilate the longer able to cut or assimilate the longer able to cut or assimilate the food which enters but are themselves food which enters but are themselves food which enters but are themselves easy / the bodies which come in from easy / the bodies which come in from easy / the bodies which come in from without in this way every animal is without in this way every animal is without in this way every animal is overcome and decays and this affection overcome and decays and this affection overcome and decays and this affection is called old age and at last when the is called old age and at last when the is called old age and at last when the bones by which the triangles of the bones by which the triangles of the bones by which the triangles of the marrow are united no longer hold and are marrow are united no longer hold and are marrow are united no longer hold and are parted by the strain of existence they parted by the strain of existence they parted by the strain of existence they in turn loosen the bonds of the soul and in turn loosen the bonds of the soul and in turn loosen the bonds of the soul and she obtaining a natural release flies she obtaining a natural release flies she obtaining a natural release flies away with joy for that which takes place away with joy for that which takes place away with joy for that which takes place according to nature is pleasant but that according to nature is pleasant but that according to nature is pleasant but that which is contrary to nature is painful which is contrary to nature is painful which is contrary to nature is painful and thus death if caused by disease are and thus death if caused by disease are and thus death if caused by disease are produced by wounds is painful and produced by wounds is painful and produced by wounds is painful and violent but that sort of death which violent but that sort of death which violent but that sort of death which comes with old age and fulfills a death comes with old age and fulfills a death comes with old age and fulfills a death of nature is the easiest of death and is of nature is the easiest of death and is of nature is the easiest of death and is accompanied with pleasure rather than accompanied with pleasure rather than accompanied with pleasure rather than with pain now everyone can see when's with pain now everyone can see when's with pain now everyone can see when's diseases arise there are four nature's diseases arise there are four nature's diseases arise there are four nature's out of which the body is compacted earth out of which the body is compacted earth out of which the body is compacted earth and fire and water and and fire and water and and fire and water and and the unnatural excess or defect of and the unnatural excess or defect of and the unnatural excess or defect of these or the change of any of them from these or the change of any of them from these or the change of any of them from its own natural place into another or its own natural place into another or its own natural place into another or since there are more cons than one of since there are more cons than one of since there are more cons than one of fire and of the other elements the fire and of the other elements the fire and of the other elements the assumption by any of these are wrong assumption by any of these are wrong assumption by any of these are wrong kind or any similar irregularity kind or any similar irregularity kind or any similar irregularity produces disorders and diseases for when produces disorders and diseases for when produces disorders and diseases for when any of them is produced or changed in a any of them is produced or changed in a any of them is produced or changed in a manner contrary to nature the part which

manner contrary to nature the part which manner contrary to nature the part which were previously cool girl warm and those were previously cool girl warm and those were previously cool girl warm and those which were dry become moist and the which were dry become moist and the which were dry become moist and the light become heavy and the heavy light light become heavy and the heavy light light become heavy and the heavy light all sorts of changes occur for as we all sorts of changes occur for as we all sorts of changes occur for as we affirm a thing can only remain the same affirm a thing can only remain the same affirm a thing can only remain the same with itself hole and sound when the same with itself hole and sound when the same with itself hole and sound when the same is added to it or subtracted from it in is added to it or subtracted from it in is added to it or subtracted from it in the same respect and in the same manner the same respect and in the same manner the same respect and in the same manner and in due proportion and whatever comes and in due proportion and whatever comes and in due proportion and whatever comes or goes away in violation of these laws or goes away in violation of these laws or goes away in violation of these laws causes all manner of changes and causes all manner of changes and causes all manner of changes and infinite diseases and corruptions now infinite diseases and corruptions now infinite diseases and corruptions now there is a second class of structures there is a second class of structures there is a second class of structures which are also natural and this affords which are also natural and this affords which are also natural and this affords a second opportunity of observing a second opportunity of observing a second opportunity of observing diseases to him who would understand diseases to him who would understand diseases to him who would understand them for whereas marrow and bone and them for whereas marrow and bone and them for whereas marrow and bone and flesh and sinews are composed of the flesh and sinews are composed of the flesh and sinews are composed of the four elements and the blood though after four elements and the blood though after four elements and the blood though after another manner is likewise formed out of another manner is likewise formed out of another manner is likewise formed out of them most diseases originate in the way them most diseases originate in the way them most diseases originate in the way which I have described but the worst of which I have described but the worst of which I have described but the worst of all oh their severity to the fact that all oh their severity to the fact that all oh their severity to the fact that the generation of these substances the generation of these substances the generation of these substances proceeds in a wrong order they are then proceeds in a wrong order they are then proceeds in a wrong order they are then destroyed for the natural order is that destroyed for the natural order is that destroyed for the natural order is that the flesh and sinews should be made of the flesh and sinews should be made of the flesh and sinews should be made of blood the sinews out of the fibers to blood the sinews out of the fibers to blood the sinews out of the fibers to which they are kin and the flesh out of which they are kin and the flesh out of which they are kin and the flesh out of the clots which are formed when the the clots which are formed when the the clots which are formed when the fibers are separated and the gluttonous fibers are separated and the gluttonous fibers are separated and the gluttonous and rich matter which comes away from and rich matter which comes away from and rich matter which comes away from the sinews and the flesh not only glues the sinews and the flesh not only glues the sinews and the flesh not only glues the flesh through the bones but the flesh through the bones but the flesh through the bones but nourishes and imparts growth to the bone

nourishes and imparts growth to the bone nourishes and imparts growth to the bone which surrounds the marrow and by reason which surrounds the marrow and by reason which surrounds the marrow and by reason of the solidity of the bones that which of the solidity of the bones that which of the solidity of the bones that which filters through consists of the purest filters through consists of the purest filters through consists of the purest and smoothest and oil lists order and smoothest and oil lists order and smoothest and oil lists order triangles dropping like do from the triangles dropping like do from the triangles dropping like do from the bones and watering the marrow now when bones and watering the marrow now when bones and watering the marrow now when each prose each prose each prose takes place in this order health takes place in this order health takes place in this order health commonly results when in the opposite commonly results when in the opposite commonly results when in the opposite order disease for when the flesh becomes order disease for when the flesh becomes order disease for when the flesh becomes decomposed and sends back the wasting decomposed and sends back the wasting decomposed and sends back the wasting substance into the veins then an substance into the veins then an substance into the veins then an oversupply of blood of diverse kinds oversupply of blood of diverse kinds oversupply of blood of diverse kinds mingling with air in the veins having mingling with air in the veins having mingling with air in the veins having variegated colors and bitter properties variegated colors and bitter properties variegated colors and bitter properties as well as acid and say line qualities as well as acid and say line qualities as well as acid and say line qualities contains all sorts of bile and serum and contains all sorts of bile and serum and contains all sorts of bile and serum and phlegm for all things go the wrong way phlegm for all things go the wrong way phlegm for all things go the wrong way and having become corrupted first they and having become corrupted first they and having become corrupted first they tame the blood itself and then ceasing tame the blood itself and then ceasing tame the blood itself and then ceasing to give nourishment to the body they are to give nourishment to the body they are to give nourishment to the body they are carried along the veins in all carried along the veins in all carried along the veins in all directions no longer preserving the directions no longer preserving the directions no longer preserving the order of their natural causes but at war order of their natural causes but at war order of their natural causes but at war with themselves because they received no with themselves because they received no with themselves because they received no good from one another at our hostile to good from one another at our hostile to good from one another at our hostile to the abiding Constitution of the body the abiding Constitution of the body the abiding Constitution of the body which they corrupt and dissolve the which they corrupt and dissolve the which they corrupt and dissolve the oldest part of the flesh which is oldest part of the flesh which is oldest part of the flesh which is corrupted being hard to decompose from corrupted being hard to decompose from corrupted being hard to decompose from long burning grows black and from being long burning grows black and from being long burning grows black and from being everywhere corroded becomes bitter and everywhere corroded becomes bitter and everywhere corroded becomes bitter and is injurious to every part of the body is injurious to every part of the body is injurious to every part of the body which is still uncorrupted sometimes which is still uncorrupted sometimes which is still uncorrupted sometimes when the bitter element is refined away when the bitter element is refined away when the bitter element is refined away the black part assumes an acidity which

the black part assumes an acidity which the black part assumes an acidity which takes the place of the bitterness at takes the place of the bitterness at takes the place of the bitterness at other times the bitterness being tinged other times the bitterness being tinged other times the bitterness being tinged with blood has a redder color and this with blood has a redder color and this with blood has a redder color and this when mixed with black takes the you of when mixed with black takes the you of when mixed with black takes the you of grass and again an auburn color mingles grass and again an auburn color mingles grass and again an auburn color mingles with a bitter matter when new flesh is with a bitter matter when new flesh is with a bitter matter when new flesh is decomposed by the fire which surrounds decomposed by the fire which surrounds decomposed by the fire which surrounds the internal flame to all which symptoms the internal flame to all which symptoms the internal flame to all which symptoms some physician perhaps or rather some some physician perhaps or rather some some physician perhaps or rather some philosopher who had the power of seeing philosopher who had the power of seeing philosopher who had the power of seeing in many dissimilar things one nature in many dissimilar things one nature in many dissimilar things one nature deserving of a name has assigned the deserving of a name has assigned the deserving of a name has assigned the common name of bile but the other kinds common name of bile but the other kinds common name of bile but the other kinds of bile are variously distinguished by of bile are variously distinguished by of bile are variously distinguished by their colors as for serum let's sort their colors as for serum let's sort their colors as for serum let's sort which is the watery part of blood is which is the watery part of blood is which is the watery part of blood is innocent but that which is a secretion innocent but that which is a secretion innocent but that which is a secretion of black and acid vial is malignant when of black and acid vial is malignant when of black and acid vial is malignant when mingled by the power of heat with any mingled by the power of heat with any mingled by the power of heat with any sold substance and is then called acid sold substance and is then called acid sold substance and is then called acid phlegm again the substance which is phlegm again the substance which is phlegm again the substance which is formed by the liquefaction of new formed by the liquefaction of new formed by the liquefaction of new ton of flesh when air is present if ton of flesh when air is present if ton of flesh when air is present if inflated and encased in liquid so as the inflated and encased in liquid so as the inflated and encased in liquid so as the form bubbles which separately are form bubbles which separately are form bubbles which separately are invisible own to their small size but invisible own to their small size but invisible own to their small size but when collected are of a bulk which is when collected are of a bulk which is when collected are of a bulk which is visible and have a white color arising visible and have a white color arising visible and have a white color arising out of the generation of foam all this out of the generation of foam all this out of the generation of foam all this decomposition of tender flesh when decomposition of tender flesh when decomposition of tender flesh when intermingled with air is turned bias intermingled with air is turned bias intermingled with air is turned bias white phlegm and the way or sediment of white phlegm and the way or sediment of white phlegm and the way or sediment of newly formed phlegm sweat and tears and newly formed phlegm sweat and tears and newly formed phlegm sweat and tears and includes the various daily discharges by

includes the various daily discharges by includes the various daily discharges by which the body is purified now all these which the body is purified now all these which the body is purified now all these become causes of disease when a blood is become causes of disease when a blood is become causes of disease when a blood is not replenished in a natural manner by not replenished in a natural manner by not replenished in a natural manner by food and drink but gains bulk from food and drink but gains bulk from food and drink but gains bulk from opposite sources in violation of the opposite sources in violation of the opposite sources in violation of the laws of nature when the several parts of laws of nature when the several parts of laws of nature when the several parts of the flesh are separated by disease if the flesh are separated by disease if the flesh are separated by disease if the foundation remains the power of the the foundation remains the power of the the foundation remains the power of the disorder is only half as great and there disorder is only half as great and there disorder is only half as great and there is still a prospect of an easy recovery is still a prospect of an easy recovery is still a prospect of an easy recovery but when that which binds the flesh to but when that which binds the flesh to but when that which binds the flesh to the bones it diseased and no longer the bones it diseased and no longer the bones it diseased and no longer being separated from the muscles and being separated from the muscles and being separated from the muscles and sinews ceases to give nourishment to the sinews ceases to give nourishment to the sinews ceases to give nourishment to the bone and to unite flesh and bone and bone and to unite flesh and bone and bone and to unite flesh and bone and from being oily and smooth and glutinous from being oily and smooth and glutinous from being oily and smooth and glutinous becomes rough and salt and dry own too becomes rough and salt and dry own too becomes rough and salt and dry own too bad regimen then all the substance bad regimen then all the substance bad regimen then all the substance that's corrupted crumbles away under the that's corrupted crumbles away under the that's corrupted crumbles away under the flesh and the sinews and separates from flesh and the sinews and separates from flesh and the sinews and separates from the bone and the fleshy parts fall away the bone and the fleshy parts fall away the bone and the fleshy parts fall away from their foundation and leave the from their foundation and leave the from their foundation and leave the sinuous bear and full of brine and the sinuous bear and full of brine and the sinuous bear and full of brine and the flesh again gets into the circulation of flesh again gets into the circulation of flesh again gets into the circulation of the blood and makes the previously the blood and makes the previously the blood and makes the previously mentioned disorders still greater and if mentioned disorders still greater and if mentioned disorders still greater and if these bodily affections be severe still these bodily affections be severe still these bodily affections be severe still worse other priorities orders as when worse other priorities orders as when worse other priorities orders as when the bone itself by reason of the density the bone itself by reason of the density the bone itself by reason of the density of the flesh does not obtain sufficient of the flesh does not obtain sufficient of the flesh does not obtain sufficient air where it becomes moldy and hot and air where it becomes moldy and hot and air where it becomes moldy and hot and gangrene and receives no nutriment and gangrene and receives no nutriment and gangrene and receives no nutriment and the natural process is inverted and the the natural process is inverted and the the natural process is inverted and the bone crumbling passes into the food and bone crumbling passes into the food and bone crumbling passes into the food and the food into the flesh and the flesh the food into the flesh and the flesh the food into the flesh and the flesh again falling into the blood makes all

again falling into the blood makes all again falling into the blood makes all maladies that may occur more virulent maladies that may occur more virulent maladies that may occur more virulent than those already mentioned but the than those already mentioned but the than those already mentioned but the worst case of all is when the marrow is worst case of all is when the marrow is worst case of all is when the marrow is diseased either from excess or defect diseased either from excess or defect diseased either from excess or defect and this is the cause of the very and this is the cause of the very and this is the cause of the very greatest and most fatal disorders in greatest and most fatal disorders in greatest and most fatal disorders in which the whole cause of the body is which the whole cause of the body is which the whole cause of the body is reversed there is a third clause of reversed there is a third clause of reversed there is a third clause of diseases which may be conceived of as a diseases which may be conceived of as a diseases which may be conceived of as a rising in three ways for they are rising in three ways for they are rising in three ways for they are produced sometimes by wind and sometimes produced sometimes by wind and sometimes produced sometimes by wind and sometimes by phlegm and sometimes by bile when a by phlegm and sometimes by bile when a by phlegm and sometimes by bile when a lung which is the dispenser of the air lung which is the dispenser of the air lung which is the dispenser of the air to the body is obstructed by rooms and to the body is obstructed by rooms and to the body is obstructed by rooms and it's passages are not free some of them it's passages are not free some of them it's passages are not free some of them not acting while through others too much not acting while through others too much not acting while through others too much air enters then the parts which are air enters then the parts which are air enters then the parts which are unrefreshed by air corrode while in unrefreshed by air corrode while in unrefreshed by air corrode while in other parts the excess of air forcing other parts the excess of air forcing other parts the excess of air forcing its way through the veins dis towards its way through the veins dis towards its way through the veins dis towards them and decomposing the body is them and decomposing the body is them and decomposing the body is enclosed in the midst of it and occupies enclosed in the midst of it and occupies enclosed in the midst of it and occupies the midriff thus numberless painful the midriff thus numberless painful the midriff thus numberless painful diseases are produced accompanied by diseases are produced accompanied by diseases are produced accompanied by copious sweats and oftentimes when the copious sweats and oftentimes when the copious sweats and oftentimes when the Fletcher dissolved in a body wind Fletcher dissolved in a body wind Fletcher dissolved in a body wind generated within and unable to escape is generated within and unable to escape is generated within and unable to escape is the source of quite as much pain as the the source of quite as much pain as the the source of quite as much pain as the air coming in from without where the air coming in from without where the air coming in from without where the greatest pain is felt when the wind gets greatest pain is felt when the wind gets greatest pain is felt when the wind gets about the sinews in the veins of the about the sinews in the veins of the about the sinews in the veins of the shoulders and swells them up and so shoulders and swells them up and so shoulders and swells them up and so twists back the great tendons and the twists back the great tendons and the twists back the great tendons and the sinews which are connected with them sinews which are connected with them sinews which are connected with them these disorders are called tetanus and these disorders are called tetanus and these disorders are called tetanus and opposite owners by reason of the tension opposite owners by reason of the tension opposite owners by reason of the tension which accompanies them the cure of them

which accompanies them the cure of them which accompanies them the cure of them is difficult relief is in most cases is difficult relief is in most cases is difficult relief is in most cases given by fevers supervening the white given by fevers supervening the white given by fevers supervening the white phlegm though dangerous when detained phlegm though dangerous when detained phlegm though dangerous when detained within by reason of the air bubbles yet within by reason of the air bubbles yet within by reason of the air bubbles yet if it can communicate with the outside if it can communicate with the outside if it can communicate with the outside air is less severe and only discolors air is less severe and only discolors air is less severe and only discolors the body generating leprous eruptions the body generating leprous eruptions the body generating leprous eruptions and similar diseases when it is mingled and similar diseases when it is mingled and similar diseases when it is mingled with black bile and disposed about the with black bile and disposed about the with black bile and disposed about the cause of the head which are the divinest cause of the head which are the divinest cause of the head which are the divinest part of us the attack if coming on in part of us the attack if coming on in part of us the attack if coming on in sleep is not so severe but when sleep is not so severe but when sleep is not so severe but when assailing those who are awake it is hard assailing those who are awake it is hard assailing those who are awake it is hard to be got rid of and being an affection to be got rid of and being an affection to be got rid of and being an affection of a sacred part is most justly called of a sacred part is most justly called of a sacred part is most justly called sacred an asset then sold phlegm again sacred an asset then sold phlegm again sacred an asset then sold phlegm again is the souls of all those diseases which is the souls of all those diseases which is the souls of all those diseases which take the form of Qatar but they have take the form of Qatar but they have take the form of Qatar but they have many names because the places into which many names because the places into which many names because the places into which they flow are manifold inflammations of they flow are manifold inflammations of they flow are manifold inflammations of the body come from the body come from the body come from burnings and inflaming and all them burnings and inflaming and all them burnings and inflaming and all them originated in bile when bile finds a originated in bile when bile finds a originated in bile when bile finds a means of discharge it boils up and sends means of discharge it boils up and sends means of discharge it boils up and sends forth all sorts of tumors but when forth all sorts of tumors but when forth all sorts of tumors but when imprisoned within it generates many imprisoned within it generates many imprisoned within it generates many inflammatory diseases above all when inflammatory diseases above all when inflammatory diseases above all when mingled with pure blood since it then mingled with pure blood since it then mingled with pure blood since it then displaces the fibers which are scattered displaces the fibers which are scattered displaces the fibers which are scattered about in blood and are designed to about in blood and are designed to about in blood and are designed to maintain the balance of rare and dense maintain the balance of rare and dense maintain the balance of rare and dense in order that the blood may not be so in order that the blood may not be so in order that the blood may not be so liquefied by heat as to exude from the liquefied by heat as to exude from the liquefied by heat as to exude from the pores of the body nor again they gone pores of the body nor again they gone pores of the body nor again they gone too dense and let's find the difficulty too dense and let's find the difficulty too dense and let's find the difficulty in circulating through the veins the

in circulating through the veins the in circulating through the veins the fibers are so constituted as to maintain fibers are so constituted as to maintain fibers are so constituted as to maintain this balance and if anyone brings them this balance and if anyone brings them this balance and if anyone brings them all together on the blood is dead and in all together on the blood is dead and in all together on the blood is dead and in process of cooling and the blood which process of cooling and the blood which process of cooling and the blood which remains becomes fluid but if they are remains becomes fluid but if they are remains becomes fluid but if they are left alone they soon congeal by reason left alone they soon congeal by reason left alone they soon congeal by reason whose surrounding cold the fibers having whose surrounding cold the fibers having whose surrounding cold the fibers having this power over the blood bile which is this power over the blood bile which is this power over the blood bile which is only stale blood and which from being only stale blood and which from being only stale blood and which from being flesh is dissolved again into blood at flesh is dissolved again into blood at flesh is dissolved again into blood at the first in flux coming in little by the first in flux coming in little by the first in flux coming in little by little hot and liquid is congealed by little hot and liquid is congealed by little hot and liquid is congealed by the power of the fibers and so the power of the fibers and so the power of the fibers and so congealing and made to cool it produces congealing and made to cool it produces congealing and made to cool it produces internal cold and shuddering when it internal cold and shuddering when it internal cold and shuddering when it enters with more of a flood and enters with more of a flood and enters with more of a flood and overcomes the fibers by its heat and overcomes the fibers by its heat and overcomes the fibers by its heat and boiling up throws them into disorder it boiling up throws them into disorder it boiling up throws them into disorder it would have power enough to maintain its would have power enough to maintain its would have power enough to maintain its supremacy it penetrates the marrow and supremacy it penetrates the marrow and supremacy it penetrates the marrow and burns up or may be termed the cables of burns up or may be termed the cables of burns up or may be termed the cables of the soul and sets her free but when the soul and sets her free but when the soul and sets her free but when there is not so much of it and the body there is not so much of it and the body there is not so much of it and the body though wasted still holds out the bile though wasted still holds out the bile though wasted still holds out the bile is itself mastered and is either utterly is itself mastered and is either utterly is itself mastered and is either utterly banished or is thrust through the veins banished or is thrust through the veins banished or is thrust through the veins into the lower or upper belly and is into the lower or upper belly and is into the lower or upper belly and is driven out of the body like an exile driven out of the body like an exile driven out of the body like an exile from a state in which there has been from a state in which there has been from a state in which there has been civil war whens arise diarrheas and civil war whens arise diarrheas and civil war whens arise diarrheas and dizon trees and all such disorders when dizon trees and all such disorders when dizon trees and all such disorders when the Constitution is disordered by excess the Constitution is disordered by excess the Constitution is disordered by excess of fire continues heat and fever are the of fire continues heat and fever are the of fire continues heat and fever are the result when excess of air is the cause result when excess of air is the cause result when excess of air is the cause then the fever is quotidian when of then the fever is quotidian when of then the fever is quotidian when of water which is a more sluggish element

water which is a more sluggish element water which is a more sluggish element than either fire or air then the fever than either fire or air then the fever than either fire or air then the fever is tertian one of earth is tertian one of earth is tertian one of earth what is the most sluggish at the 4 and what is the most sluggish at the 4 and what is the most sluggish at the 4 and it only purged away in a four-fold it only purged away in a four-fold it only purged away in a four-fold period the result is a Courtin fever period the result is a Courtin fever period the result is a Courtin fever which can with difficulty be shaken off which can with difficulty be shaken off which can with difficulty be shaken off end of part 7 part 8 of Timaeus this is end of part 7 part 8 of Timaeus this is end of part 7 part 8 of Timaeus this is a librivox recording all librivox a librivox recording all librivox a librivox recording all librivox recordings are in the public domain for recordings are in the public domain for recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please more information or to volunteer please more information or to volunteer please visit librivox.org recording by anna visit librivox.org recording by anna visit librivox.org recording by anna simone Timaeus by Plato translated by simone Timaeus by Plato translated by simone Timaeus by Plato translated by Benjamin Jowett part 8 Timaeus continues Benjamin Jowett part 8 Timaeus continues Benjamin Jowett part 8 Timaeus continues such is the manner in which diseases of such is the manner in which diseases of such is the manner in which diseases of the body arise the disorders of the soul the body arise the disorders of the soul the body arise the disorders of the soul which depend upon the body originated as which depend upon the body originated as which depend upon the body originated as follows we must acknowledge disease of follows we must acknowledge disease of follows we must acknowledge disease of the mind to be a want of intelligence the mind to be a want of intelligence the mind to be a want of intelligence and of this there are two kinds to it and of this there are two kinds to it and of this there are two kinds to it madness and ignorance in whatever state madness and ignorance in whatever state madness and ignorance in whatever state a man experiences either of them left a man experiences either of them left a man experiences either of them left state may be called disease and state may be called disease and state may be called disease and excessive pains and pleasures are justly excessive pains and pleasures are justly excessive pains and pleasures are justly to be regarded as the greatest diseases to be regarded as the greatest diseases to be regarded as the greatest diseases to which the soul is liable for a man to which the soul is liable for a man to which the soul is liable for a man who is in great joy or at great pain in who is in great joy or at great pain in who is in great joy or at great pain in his unreasonable eagerness to attain the his unreasonable eagerness to attain the his unreasonable eagerness to attain the one and avoid the other is not able to one and avoid the other is not able to one and avoid the other is not able to see or to hear anything rightly but he

see or to hear anything rightly but he see or to hear anything rightly but he is mad and is at the time utterly is mad and is at the time utterly is mad and is at the time utterly incapable of any participation in reason incapable of any participation in reason incapable of any participation in reason he us the seed about the spinal marrow he us the seed about the spinal marrow he us the seed about the spinal marrow too plentiful and overflowing like a too plentiful and overflowing like a too plentiful and overflowing like a tree / laden with fruit has many throws tree / laden with fruit has many throws tree / laden with fruit has many throws and also obtains many pleasures in his and also obtains many pleasures in his and also obtains many pleasures in his desires and their offspring and is for desires and their offspring and is for desires and their offspring and is for the most part of his life deranged the most part of his life deranged the most part of his life deranged because his pleasures and pains are so because his pleasures and pains are so because his pleasures and pains are so very great his soul is rendered foolish very great his soul is rendered foolish very great his soul is rendered foolish and is ordered by his body yet he's and is ordered by his body yet he's and is ordered by his body yet he's regarded not as one diseased but there's regarded not as one diseased but there's regarded not as one diseased but there's one who's voluntarily bad which is a one who's voluntarily bad which is a one who's voluntarily bad which is a mistake the truth is that the mistake the truth is that the mistake the truth is that the intemperate of love is a disease of the intemperate of love is a disease of the intemperate of love is a disease of the soul Jude chiefly to the moisture and soul Jude chiefly to the moisture and soul Jude chiefly to the moisture and fluid fluid fluid t which is produced in one of the t which is produced in one of the t which is produced in one of the elements by the loose consistency of the elements by the loose consistency of the elements by the loose consistency of the bones and in general all that which is bones and in general all that which is bones and in general all that which is termed the incontinence of pleasure and termed the incontinence of pleasure and termed the incontinence of pleasure and is deemed a reproach under the idea that is deemed a reproach under the idea that is deemed a reproach under the idea that the wicked voluntarily do wrong is not the wicked voluntarily do wrong is not the wicked voluntarily do wrong is not justly a matter for approach for no man justly a matter for approach for no man justly a matter for approach for no man is voluntarily bad but the bad become is voluntarily bad but the bad become is voluntarily bad but the bad become bad by reason of an ill disposition of bad by reason of an ill disposition of bad by reason of an ill disposition of the body and bad education things which the body and bad education things which the body and bad education things which are hateful to every man and happen to are hateful to every man and happen to are hateful to every man and happen to him against his will and in the case of him against his will and in the case of him against his will and in the case of pain too in like manner the soul suffers pain too in like manner the soul suffers pain too in like manner the soul suffers much evil from the body for where the much evil from the body for where the much evil from the body for where the asset and briny phlegm and other bitter

asset and briny phlegm and other bitter asset and briny phlegm and other bitter and bilious Yuma's wonder about in the and bilious Yuma's wonder about in the and bilious Yuma's wonder about in the body and find no exit or escape but our body and find no exit or escape but our body and find no exit or escape but our pent up within and mingle their own pent up within and mingle their own pent up within and mingle their own vapours with the motions of the soul and vapours with the motions of the soul and vapours with the motions of the soul and are blended with them they produce all are blended with them they produce all are blended with them they produce all sorts of diseases more or fewer and in sorts of diseases more or fewer and in sorts of diseases more or fewer and in every degree of intensity and being every degree of intensity and being every degree of intensity and being carried to the three places of the soul carried to the three places of the soul carried to the three places of the soul whichever they may severally assail they whichever they may severally assail they whichever they may severally assail they create infinite varieties of ill temper create infinite varieties of ill temper create infinite varieties of ill temper and melancholy of rashness and cowardice and melancholy of rashness and cowardice and melancholy of rashness and cowardice and also of forgetfulness and stupidity and also of forgetfulness and stupidity and also of forgetfulness and stupidity further went to this evil constitution further went to this evil constitution further went to this evil constitution of body evil forms of government are of body evil forms of government are of body evil forms of government are added and evil discourses are uttered in added and evil discourses are uttered in added and evil discourses are uttered in private as well as in public and no sort private as well as in public and no sort private as well as in public and no sort of instruction is given in youth to cure of instruction is given in youth to cure of instruction is given in youth to cure these evils then all of us who are bad these evils then all of us who are bad these evils then all of us who are bad become bad from two causes which are become bad from two causes which are become bad from two causes which are entirely beyond our control in such entirely beyond our control in such entirely beyond our control in such cases the polenta's are to blame rather cases the polenta's are to blame rather cases the polenta's are to blame rather than the plants the educators rather than the plants the educators rather than the plants the educators rather than the educated but however that maybe than the educated but however that maybe than the educated but however that maybe we should endeavor as far as we can by we should endeavor as far as we can by we should endeavor as far as we can by education and studies and learning to education and studies and learning to education and studies and learning to avoid vice and attain virtue this avoid vice and attain virtue this avoid vice and attain virtue this however is part of another subject there however is part of another subject there however is part of another subject there is a corresponding inquiry concerning is a corresponding inquiry concerning is a corresponding inquiry concerning the mode of treatment by which the mind the mode of treatment by which the mind the mode of treatment by which the mind and the body are two pre preserved and the body are two pre preserved and the body are two pre preserved about which it is meet and right that I

about which it is meet and right that I about which it is meet and right that I should say a word in turn for it is more should say a word in turn for it is more should say a word in turn for it is more our duty to speak of a good than of the our duty to speak of a good than of the our duty to speak of a good than of the evil everything that is good is fair and evil everything that is good is fair and evil everything that is good is fair and the fair is not without proportion and the fair is not without proportion and the fair is not without proportion and the animal which is to be fair must have the animal which is to be fair must have the animal which is to be fair must have to you proportion now we perceive lesser to you proportion now we perceive lesser to you proportion now we perceive lesser symmetries or proportions and reason symmetries or proportions and reason symmetries or proportions and reason about them but of the highest and about them but of the highest and about them but of the highest and greatest we take no heed for there is no greatest we take no heed for there is no greatest we take no heed for there is no proportion or dis proportion more proportion or dis proportion more proportion or dis proportion more productive of health and disease and productive of health and disease and productive of health and disease and virtue and vice than that between soul virtue and vice than that between soul virtue and vice than that between soul and body this however we do not perceive and body this however we do not perceive and body this however we do not perceive nor do we reflect that when a week or nor do we reflect that when a week or nor do we reflect that when a week or small frame is the vehicle of a great small frame is the vehicle of a great small frame is the vehicle of a great and mighty soul or conversely when a and mighty soul or conversely when a and mighty soul or conversely when a little soul is encased in a large body little soul is encased in a large body little soul is encased in a large body then the whole animal is not fair for it then the whole animal is not fair for it then the whole animal is not fair for it lacks the most important of all lacks the most important of all lacks the most important of all symmetries but the due proportion of symmetries but the due proportion of symmetries but the due proportion of mind and body is the fairest and mind and body is the fairest and mind and body is the fairest and loveliest of all sites to him who has a loveliest of all sites to him who has a loveliest of all sites to him who has a seeing eye just as a body which has a seeing eye just as a body which has a seeing eye just as a body which has a lag too long or which is unsymmetrical lag too long or which is unsymmetrical lag too long or which is unsymmetrical in some other respect is an unpleasant in some other respect is an unpleasant in some other respect is an unpleasant sight and also when doing its share of sight and also when doing its share of sight and also when doing its share of work is much distressed and makes work is much distressed and makes work is much distressed and makes convulsive efforts and often stumbles convulsive efforts and often stumbles convulsive efforts and often stumbles through awkwardness and is the cause of through awkwardness and is the cause of through awkwardness and is the cause of infinite evil to its own self in like infinite evil to its own self in like infinite evil to its own self in like manner we should conceive of the double manner we should conceive of the double manner we should conceive of the double nature which we call the living being nature which we call the living being nature which we call the living being and when in this compound there is an

and when in this compound there is an and when in this compound there is an impassioned soul more powerful than the impassioned soul more powerful than the impassioned soul more powerful than the body let soul I say convulses and fills body let soul I say convulses and fills body let soul I say convulses and fills with disorders the whole inner nature of with disorders the whole inner nature of with disorders the whole inner nature of man and when eager in the pursuit of man and when eager in the pursuit of man and when eager in the pursuit of some sort of learning or study causes some sort of learning or study causes some sort of learning or study causes wasting or again when teaching or wasting or again when teaching or wasting or again when teaching or disputing in private or in public and disputing in private or in public and disputing in private or in public and strives and controversies arise in strives and controversies arise in strives and controversies arise in flames and dissolves the composite frame flames and dissolves the composite frame flames and dissolves the composite frame of man and introduces rooms and the of man and introduces rooms and the of man and introduces rooms and the nature of this phenomenon is not nature of this phenomenon is not nature of this phenomenon is not understood by most professors of understood by most professors of understood by most professors of Medicine who ascribe it to the opposite Medicine who ascribe it to the opposite Medicine who ascribe it to the opposite of a real cause and once more of a real cause and once more of a real cause and once more when a body large and too strong for the when a body large and too strong for the when a body large and too strong for the soul is a united to a small and weak soul is a united to a small and weak soul is a united to a small and weak intelligence then in as much as there intelligence then in as much as there intelligence then in as much as there are two desires natural two men one of are two desires natural two men one of are two desires natural two men one of food for the sake of the body and one of food for the sake of the body and one of food for the sake of the body and one of wisdom for the sake of the diviner part wisdom for the sake of the diviner part wisdom for the sake of the diviner part of us then I say the motions of the of us then I say the motions of the of us then I say the motions of the stronger getting the better and stronger getting the better and stronger getting the better and increasing their own Paulo but making increasing their own Paulo but making increasing their own Paulo but making this old dull and stupid and forgetful this old dull and stupid and forgetful this old dull and stupid and forgetful and gender ignorance which is the and gender ignorance which is the and gender ignorance which is the greatest of diseases there is one greatest of diseases there is one greatest of diseases there is one protection against both kinds of this protection against both kinds of this protection against both kinds of this proportion that we should not move the proportion that we should not move the proportion that we should not move the body without the soul or the soul body without the soul or the soul body without the soul or the soul without the body and thus they will be without the body and thus they will be without the body and thus they will be on their guard against each other and be on their guard against each other and be on their guard against each other and be healthy and well balanced and therefore healthy and well balanced and therefore healthy and well balanced and therefore the mathematician or anyone else whose the mathematician or anyone else whose the mathematician or anyone else whose thoughts are much absorbed in some

thoughts are much absorbed in some thoughts are much absorbed in some intellectual pursuit must allow his body intellectual pursuit must allow his body intellectual pursuit must allow his body also to have do you exercise and also to have do you exercise and also to have do you exercise and practice gymnastic and he who is careful practice gymnastic and he who is careful practice gymnastic and he who is careful to fashion the body should in turn in to fashion the body should in turn in to fashion the body should in turn in part to the soul its proper motions and part to the soul its proper motions and part to the soul its proper motions and should cultivate music and all should cultivate music and all should cultivate music and all philosophy if he would deserve to be philosophy if he would deserve to be philosophy if he would deserve to be called truly fair and truly good and the called truly fair and truly good and the called truly fair and truly good and the separate parts should be treated in the separate parts should be treated in the separate parts should be treated in the same manner in imitation of the pattern same manner in imitation of the pattern same manner in imitation of the pattern of the universe for as the body is of the universe for as the body is of the universe for as the body is heated and also cooled within by the heated and also cooled within by the heated and also cooled within by the elements which enter into it and is elements which enter into it and is elements which enter into it and is again dried up and moistened by external again dried up and moistened by external again dried up and moistened by external things and experiences these and the things and experiences these and the things and experiences these and the like affections from both kinds of like affections from both kinds of like affections from both kinds of motions the result is that the body if motions the result is that the body if motions the result is that the body if given up to motion when in a state of given up to motion when in a state of given up to motion when in a state of quiescence is over mastered and parishes quiescence is over mastered and parishes quiescence is over mastered and parishes but if anyone in imitation of that which but if anyone in imitation of that which but if anyone in imitation of that which we call the foster mother and nerves of we call the foster mother and nerves of we call the foster mother and nerves of the universe will not allow the body the universe will not allow the body the universe will not allow the body ever to be inactive but is always ever to be inactive but is always ever to be inactive but is always producing motions and edit ations producing motions and edit ations producing motions and edit ations through its whole extent which form the through its whole extent which form the through its whole extent which form the natural defense against other motions natural defense against other motions natural defense against other motions both internal and external and by both internal and external and by both internal and external and by moderate exercise reduces to order moderate exercise reduces to order moderate exercise reduces to order according to their affinities the according to their affinities the according to their affinities the particles and affections which are particles and affections which are particles and affections which are wondering about wondering about wondering about the body as we have already said when the body as we have already said when the body as we have already said when speaking of the universe he will not speaking of the universe he will not speaking of the universe he will not allow enemy placed by the side of enemy allow enemy placed by the side of enemy allow enemy placed by the side of enemy to stir up Wars and his orders in the

to stir up Wars and his orders in the to stir up Wars and his orders in the body but he will place friend by the body but he will place friend by the body but he will place friend by the side of front so as to create health now side of front so as to create health now side of front so as to create health now of all motions that is the best which is of all motions that is the best which is of all motions that is the best which is produced in a thing by itself for it is produced in a thing by itself for it is produced in a thing by itself for it is most akin to the motion of thought and most akin to the motion of thought and most akin to the motion of thought and of the universe but that motion which is of the universe but that motion which is of the universe but that motion which is caused by others is not so good and caused by others is not so good and caused by others is not so good and worst of all is that which moves the worst of all is that which moves the worst of all is that which moves the body when at rest in parts only and by body when at rest in parts only and by body when at rest in parts only and by some external agency we're full of all some external agency we're full of all some external agency we're full of all modes of purifying and reuniting the modes of purifying and reuniting the modes of purifying and reuniting the body the best is gymnastic the next best body the best is gymnastic the next best body the best is gymnastic the next best is a surging motion as in sailing or any is a surging motion as in sailing or any is a surging motion as in sailing or any other mode of conveyance which is not other mode of conveyance which is not other mode of conveyance which is not fatiguing the third sword of motion may fatiguing the third sword of motion may fatiguing the third sword of motion may be of use in a case of extreme necessity be of use in a case of extreme necessity be of use in a case of extreme necessity but in any other will be adopted by no but in any other will be adopted by no but in any other will be adopted by no man of sense i mean the purgative man of sense i mean the purgative man of sense i mean the purgative treatment of physicians for diseases treatment of physicians for diseases treatment of physicians for diseases unless they are very dangerous should unless they are very dangerous should unless they are very dangerous should not be irritated by medicines since not be irritated by medicines since not be irritated by medicines since every form of disease is in a manner every form of disease is in a manner every form of disease is in a manner akin to the living being whose complex akin to the living being whose complex akin to the living being whose complex frame has an appointed term of life for frame has an appointed term of life for frame has an appointed term of life for not the whole race only but each not the whole race only but each not the whole race only but each individual barring inevitable accidents individual barring inevitable accidents individual barring inevitable accidents comes into the world having a fixed span comes into the world having a fixed span comes into the world having a fixed span and the triangles in us are originally and the triangles in us are originally and the triangles in us are originally framed with power to last for a certain framed with power to last for a certain framed with power to last for a certain time beyond which no man can prolong his time beyond which no man can prolong his time beyond which no man can prolong his life and this holds also of the life and this holds also of the life and this holds also of the constitution of diseases if anyone

constitution of diseases if anyone constitution of diseases if anyone regardless of the appointed time tries regardless of the appointed time tries regardless of the appointed time tries to subdue them by medicine he only to subdue them by medicine he only to subdue them by medicine he only aggravates and multiplies them wherefore aggravates and multiplies them wherefore aggravates and multiplies them wherefore we ought always to mend them by regimen we ought always to mend them by regimen we ought always to mend them by regimen as far as a man can spare the time and as far as a man can spare the time and as far as a man can spare the time and not provoke good his agreeable enemy by not provoke good his agreeable enemy by not provoke good his agreeable enemy by medicines enough of the composite animal medicines enough of the composite animal medicines enough of the composite animal and of the body which is a part of him and of the body which is a part of him and of the body which is a part of him and of the manner in which a man may and of the manner in which a man may and of the manner in which a man may train and be trained by himself so as to train and be trained by himself so as to train and be trained by himself so as to live most according to reason and we live most according to reason and we live most according to reason and we must above and before all provide that must above and before all provide that must above and before all provide that the element which is to train him the element which is to train him the element which is to train him shall be the fairest and best adapted to shall be the fairest and best adapted to shall be the fairest and best adapted to that purpose and my new discussion of that purpose and my new discussion of that purpose and my new discussion of this subject would be a serious task but this subject would be a serious task but this subject would be a serious task but if as before I am to give only an if as before I am to give only an if as before I am to give only an outline the subject may not unfit ly be outline the subject may not unfit ly be outline the subject may not unfit ly be summed up as follows I've often remarked summed up as follows I've often remarked summed up as follows I've often remarked there are three kinds of soul located there are three kinds of soul located there are three kinds of soul located within us having each of them motions within us having each of them motions within us having each of them motions and I must now repeat in the fused where and I must now repeat in the fused where and I must now repeat in the fused where it's possible that one part if remaining it's possible that one part if remaining it's possible that one part if remaining inactive and ceasing from its natural inactive and ceasing from its natural inactive and ceasing from its natural motion must necessarily become very weak motion must necessarily become very weak motion must necessarily become very weak but that which is trained and exercised but that which is trained and exercised but that which is trained and exercised very strong wherefore we should take very strong wherefore we should take very strong wherefore we should take care that the movements of the different care that the movements of the different care that the movements of the different parts of the soul should be in due parts of the soul should be in due parts of the soul should be in due proportion and we should consider that proportion and we should consider that proportion and we should consider that God gave a sovereign part of the human God gave a sovereign part of the human God gave a sovereign part of the human soul to be the divinity of each one soul to be the divinity of each one soul to be the divinity of each one being that part which as we say dwells being that part which as we say dwells being that part which as we say dwells at the top of the body and in as much as at the top of the body and in as much as at the top of the body and in as much as we are a plant not of an earthly but of

we are a plant not of an earthly but of we are a plant not of an earthly but of a heavenly growth raises us from earth a heavenly growth raises us from earth a heavenly growth raises us from earth to our kindred who are in heaven and in to our kindred who are in heaven and in to our kindred who are in heaven and in this we say truly for the divine power this we say truly for the divine power this we say truly for the divine power suspended the head and root of us from suspended the head and root of us from suspended the head and root of us from that place where the generation of the that place where the generation of the that place where the generation of the soul first began and thus made the whole soul first began and thus made the whole soul first began and thus made the whole body upright when a man is always body upright when a man is always body upright when a man is always occupied with the cravings of desire and occupied with the cravings of desire and occupied with the cravings of desire and ambition and is eagerly striving to ambition and is eagerly striving to ambition and is eagerly striving to satisfy them all his thoughts must be satisfy them all his thoughts must be satisfy them all his thoughts must be mortal and as far that is possible all mortal and as far that is possible all mortal and as far that is possible all together to become such he must be together to become such he must be together to become such he must be mortal every whit because he has mortal every whit because he has mortal every whit because he has cherished his mortal part that he who cherished his mortal part that he who cherished his mortal part that he who has been earnest in the love of has been earnest in the love of has been earnest in the love of knowledge and of true wisdom and his knowledge and of true wisdom and his knowledge and of true wisdom and his exercises intellects more than any other exercises intellects more than any other exercises intellects more than any other part of him must have thoughts in mortal part of him must have thoughts in mortal part of him must have thoughts in mortal and divine if he attained truth and and divine if he attained truth and and divine if he attained truth and insofar as human nature is capable of insofar as human nature is capable of insofar as human nature is capable of sharing in immortality he must sharing in immortality he must sharing in immortality he must altogether be in mortal and since he is altogether be in mortal and since he is altogether be in mortal and since he is ever cherishing the divine power and has ever cherishing the divine power and has ever cherishing the divine power and has the divinity within him in perfect order the divinity within him in perfect order the divinity within him in perfect order he will be perfectly happy now there is he will be perfectly happy now there is he will be perfectly happy now there is only one way of taking care of things only one way of taking care of things only one way of taking care of things and this is to give to each the food and and this is to give to each the food and and this is to give to each the food and motion which are natural to it and then motion which are natural to it and then motion which are natural to it and then oceans which are naturally akin to the oceans which are naturally akin to the oceans which are naturally akin to the Divine Principle within us are the Divine Principle within us are the Divine Principle within us are the thoughts and revolutions of the universe thoughts and revolutions of the universe thoughts and revolutions of the universe these each man should follow and correct these each man should follow and correct these each man should follow and correct the causes of the head which were the causes of the head which were the causes of the head which were corrupted at our birth and by learning corrupted at our birth and by learning corrupted at our birth and by learning the harmonies and revolutions of the

the harmonies and revolutions of the the harmonies and revolutions of the universe should assimilate the thinking universe should assimilate the thinking universe should assimilate the thinking being to the thought renewing his being to the thought renewing his being to the thought renewing his original nature and having assimilated original nature and having assimilated original nature and having assimilated them should attain to that perfect life them should attain to that perfect life them should attain to that perfect life which the gods have set before mankind which the gods have set before mankind which the gods have set before mankind both for the present and the future thus both for the present and the future thus both for the present and the future thus our original design of disclosing about our original design of disclosing about our original design of disclosing about the universe down to the creation of man the universe down to the creation of man the universe down to the creation of man is nearly completed a brief mention may is nearly completed a brief mention may is nearly completed a brief mention may be made of the generation of other be made of the generation of other be made of the generation of other animals so far as the subject admits of animals so far as the subject admits of animals so far as the subject admits of gravity in this manner our argument will gravity in this manner our argument will gravity in this manner our argument will best attain a Jew propulsion on the best attain a Jew propulsion on the best attain a Jew propulsion on the subject of animals then the following subject of animals then the following subject of animals then the following remarks may be offered of the man who remarks may be offered of the man who remarks may be offered of the man who came into the world those who were came into the world those who were came into the world those who were cowards or LED and righteous lives may cowards or LED and righteous lives may cowards or LED and righteous lives may with reason he supposed I've changed with reason he supposed I've changed with reason he supposed I've changed into the nature of women in the second into the nature of women in the second into the nature of women in the second generation and this was the reason why generation and this was the reason why generation and this was the reason why at that time the gods created in us the at that time the gods created in us the at that time the gods created in us the desire of sexual intercourse contriving desire of sexual intercourse contriving desire of sexual intercourse contriving in man 1 animated substance and in woman in man 1 animated substance and in woman in man 1 animated substance and in woman another which they're formed another which they're formed another which they're formed respectively in the following manner the respectively in the following manner the respectively in the following manner the outlet for drink by which liquids passed outlet for drink by which liquids passed outlet for drink by which liquids passed through the loan under the kidneys and through the loan under the kidneys and through the loan under the kidneys and into the bladder which receives and then into the bladder which receives and then into the bladder which receives and then by the pressure of the air amidst them by the pressure of the air amidst them by the pressure of the air amidst them was so fashioned by them as to penetrate was so fashioned by them as to penetrate was so fashioned by them as to penetrate also into the body of the marrow which also into the body of the marrow which also into the body of the marrow which passes from the head along the neck and passes from the head along the neck and passes from the head along the neck and through the back and which in the through the back and which in the through the back and which in the preceding discos we have named the seed preceding discos we have named the seed preceding discos we have named the seed and the seed having life and becoming

and the seed having life and becoming and the seed having life and becoming endowed with his respiration produces in endowed with his respiration produces in endowed with his respiration produces in that part in which it responds a lively that part in which it responds a lively that part in which it responds a lively desire of omission and this creates an desire of omission and this creates an desire of omission and this creates an asst the love of procreation wherefore asst the love of procreation wherefore asst the love of procreation wherefore also in men the organ of generation also in men the organ of generation also in men the organ of generation becoming rebellious and masterful like becoming rebellious and masterful like becoming rebellious and masterful like an animal disobedient to reason and an animal disobedient to reason and an animal disobedient to reason and maddened with a sting of lust seeks to maddened with a sting of lust seeks to maddened with a sting of lust seeks to gain absolute sway and the same gain absolute sway and the same gain absolute sway and the same the case with a so-called womb or matrix the case with a so-called womb or matrix the case with a so-called womb or matrix women the animal within them is desires women the animal within them is desires women the animal within them is desires of procreating children and run of procreating children and run of procreating children and run remaining unfruitful long beyond its remaining unfruitful long beyond its remaining unfruitful long beyond its proper time gets discontented and angry proper time gets discontented and angry proper time gets discontented and angry and wandering in every direction through and wandering in every direction through and wandering in every direction through the body closes up the passages of the the body closes up the passages of the the body closes up the passages of the breath and by obstructing respiration breath and by obstructing respiration breath and by obstructing respiration dries them to extremity causing all dries them to extremity causing all dries them to extremity causing all varieties of disease until at length the varieties of disease until at length the varieties of disease until at length the desire and love of the man and the woman desire and love of the man and the woman desire and love of the man and the woman bringing them together and as it were bringing them together and as it were bringing them together and as it were plucking the fruit from the tree so in plucking the fruit from the tree so in plucking the fruit from the tree so in the womb as in a field animals unseen by the womb as in a field animals unseen by the womb as in a field animals unseen by reason of their smallness and without reason of their smallness and without reason of their smallness and without full knees again are separated and full knees again are separated and full knees again are separated and matured within near then finally brought matured within near then finally brought matured within near then finally brought out into the light and thus the out into the light and thus the out into the light and thus the generation of animals is completed thus generation of animals is completed thus generation of animals is completed thus were created women and the female sex in were created women and the female sex in were created women and the female sex in general but the Rays of birds was general but the Rays of birds was general but the Rays of birds was created out of innocent light-minded men created out of innocent light-minded men created out of innocent light-minded men who although their minds were directed who although their minds were directed who although their minds were directed toward heaven imagined in their

toward heaven imagined in their toward heaven imagined in their simplicity that the clearest simplicity that the clearest simplicity that the clearest demonstration of the things above was to demonstration of the things above was to demonstration of the things above was to be obtained by sight these were be obtained by sight these were be obtained by sight these were remodeled and transformed into birds and remodeled and transformed into birds and remodeled and transformed into birds and they grew feathers instead of hair the they grew feathers instead of hair the they grew feathers instead of hair the race of wild pedestrian animals again race of wild pedestrian animals again race of wild pedestrian animals again came from those who had no philosophy in came from those who had no philosophy in came from those who had no philosophy in any of their thoughts and never any of their thoughts and never any of their thoughts and never considered at all about the nature of considered at all about the nature of considered at all about the nature of the heavens because they had ceased they the heavens because they had ceased they the heavens because they had ceased they use the course of head but followed the use the course of head but followed the use the course of head but followed the guidance of those parts of the soul guidance of those parts of the soul guidance of those parts of the soul which are in the breast in consequence which are in the breast in consequence which are in the breast in consequence of these habits of theirs they had their of these habits of theirs they had their of these habits of theirs they had their front legs and their heads resting upon front legs and their heads resting upon front legs and their heads resting upon the earth to which they were drawn by the earth to which they were drawn by the earth to which they were drawn by natural affinity and the Crown's of natural affinity and the Crown's of natural affinity and the Crown's of their heads were elongated and of all their heads were elongated and of all their heads were elongated and of all sorts of shapes into which the course of sorts of shapes into which the course of sorts of shapes into which the course of the soul were crushed by reason of the soul were crushed by reason of the soul were crushed by reason of disuse and this was the reason why they disuse and this was the reason why they disuse and this was the reason why they were created quadrupeds and polly pots were created quadrupeds and polly pots were created quadrupeds and polly pots god gave them more senses of them the god gave them more senses of them the god gave them more senses of them the more support that they might be more more support that they might be more more support that they might be more attracted to the earth and the most attracted to the earth and the most attracted to the earth and the most foolish adam who trail their bodies foolish adam who trail their bodies foolish adam who trail their bodies entirely upon the ground and have no entirely upon the ground and have no entirely upon the ground and have no longer any need of feet he made without longer any need of feet he made without longer any need of feet he made without feet to crawl up on the earth feet to crawl up on the earth feet to crawl up on the earth the fourth class are the inhabitants of the fourth class are the inhabitants of the fourth class are the inhabitants of the water these were made are the most the water these were made are the most the water these were made are the most entirely senseless and ignorant of all entirely senseless and ignorant of all entirely senseless and ignorant of all whom the Transformers did not think any whom the Transformers did not think any whom the Transformers did not think any longer worthy of pure respiration longer worthy of pure respiration longer worthy of pure respiration because they possessed a soul which was because they possessed a soul which was because they possessed a soul which was made impure by all sorts of made impure by all sorts of made impure by all sorts of transgression and instead of the subtle transgression and instead of the subtle transgression and instead of the subtle and pure medium of air they gave them

and pure medium of air they gave them and pure medium of air they gave them the deep and muddy see to be their the deep and muddy see to be their the deep and muddy see to be their element of respiration and hence aroused element of respiration and hence aroused element of respiration and hence aroused the Rays of fishes and oysters and other the Rays of fishes and oysters and other the Rays of fishes and oysters and other aquatic animals which have received the aquatic animals which have received the aquatic animals which have received the most remote habitations as a punishment most remote habitations as a punishment most remote habitations as a punishment of their outlandish ignorance these are of their outlandish ignorance these are of their outlandish ignorance these are the laws by which animals pass into one the laws by which animals pass into one the laws by which animals pass into one another now as ever-changing as they another now as ever-changing as they another now as ever-changing as they lose or gain wisdom and folly we may now lose or gain wisdom and folly we may now lose or gain wisdom and folly we may now say that articles about the nature of say that articles about the nature of say that articles about the nature of the universe has an end the world has the universe has an end the world has the universe has an end the world has received animals mortal and immortal and received animals mortal and immortal and received animals mortal and immortal and is fulfilled with them and has become a is fulfilled with them and has become a is fulfilled with them and has become a visible animal containing the visible visible animal containing the visible visible animal containing the visible the sensible God who is the image of the the sensible God who is the image of the the sensible God who is the image of the intellectual the greatest best fairest intellectual the greatest best fairest intellectual the greatest best fairest most perfect the one only begotten most perfect the one only begotten most perfect the one only begotten heaven end of part 8 end of Timaeus by heaven end of part 8 end of Timaeus by heaven end of part 8 end of Timaeus by Plato translated by Benjamin Jowett