Josephus Book 21c to the Death of Herod the Great

The Wars of the Jews by Josephus, The Wars of the Jews by Josephus, translated by William Whiston. translated by William Whiston. translated by William Whiston. Book 1, chapters 23 and 24. Book 1, chapters 23 and 24. Book 1, chapters 23 and 24. Chapter 23. Chapter 23. Chapter 23. Calumnies against the sons of Mariamne. Calumnies against the sons of Mariamne. Calumnies against the sons of Mariamne. Antipaterus preferred before them. Antipaterus preferred before them. Antipaterus preferred before them. They are accused before Caesar, and They are accused before Caesar, and They are accused before Caesar, and Herod is reconciled to them. Herod is reconciled to them. Herod is reconciled to them. Now, Mariamne's sons were heirs to that Now, Mariamne's sons were heirs to that Now, Mariamne's sons were heirs to that hatred which had been born their mother. hatred which had been born their mother. hatred which had been born their mother. And when they considered the greatness And when they considered the greatness And when they considered the greatness of Herod's crimes towards her, they were of Herod's crimes towards her, they were of Herod's crimes towards her, they were suspicious of him as an enemy of theirs. suspicious of him as an enemy of theirs. suspicious of him as an enemy of theirs. And this first, while they were educated And this first, while they were educated And this first, while they were educated at Rome, but still more when they were at Rome, but still more when they were at Rome, but still more when they were returned to Judea. returned to Judea. returned to Judea. This temper of theirs increased upon This temper of theirs increased upon This temper of theirs increased upon them as they grew up to be men. them as they grew up to be men. them as they grew up to be men. And when they were come to an age fit And when they were come to an age fit And when they were come to an age fit for marriage, the one of them married for marriage, the one of them married for marriage, the one of them married their aunt Salome's daughter, their aunt Salome's daughter, their aunt Salome's daughter, which Salome had been the accuser of which Salome had been the accuser of which Salome had been the accuser of their mother. their mother. their mother. The other married the daughter of The other married the daughter of The other married the daughter of Archelaus, king of Cappadocia. Archelaus, king of Cappadocia. Archelaus, king of Cappadocia. And now they used boldness in speaking, And now they used boldness in speaking, And now they used boldness in speaking, as well as bore hatred in their minds.

as well as bore hatred in their minds. as well as bore hatred in their minds. Now, those that calumniated them took a Now, those that calumniated them took a Now, those that calumniated them took a handle from such their boldness, and handle from such their boldness, and handle from such their boldness, and certain of them spake now more plainly certain of them spake now more plainly certain of them spake now more plainly to the king that they were treacherous to the king that they were treacherous to the king that they were treacherous designs laid against him by both his designs laid against him by both his designs laid against him by both his sons, sons, sons, and that he, was son-in-law to and that he, was son-in-law to and that he, was son-in-law to Archelaus, Archelaus, Archelaus, relying upon his father-in-law, was relying upon his father-in-law, was relying upon his father-in-law, was preparing to fly away in order to accuse preparing to fly away in order to accuse preparing to fly away in order to accuse Herod before Caesar. Herod before Caesar. Herod before Caesar. And when Herod's head had been long And when Herod's head had been long And when Herod's head had been long enough filled with these calumnies, he enough filled with these calumnies, he enough filled with these calumnies, he brought Antipater, brought Antipater, brought Antipater, whom he had by Doris, into favor again, whom he had by Doris, into favor again, whom he had by Doris, into favor again, as a defense to him against his other as a defense to him against his other as a defense to him against his other sons, and began all the ways he possibly sons, and began all the ways he possibly sons, and began all the ways he possibly could to prefer him before them. could to prefer him before them. could to prefer him before them. But these sons were not able to bear But these sons were not able to bear But these sons were not able to bear this change in their affairs. this change in their affairs. this change in their affairs. But when they saw him that was born of a But when they saw him that was born of a But when they saw him that was born of a mother of no family, the nobility of mother of no family, the nobility of mother of no family, the nobility of their birth made them unable to contain their birth made them unable to contain their birth made them unable to contain their indignation. their indignation. their indignation. But whensoever they were uneasy, they But whensoever they were uneasy, they But whensoever they were uneasy, they showed the anger they had at it. showed the anger they had at it. showed the anger they had at it. And as these sons did day after day And as these sons did day after day And as these sons did day after day improve in their anger, Antipater improve in their anger, Antipater improve in their anger, Antipater already exercised all his own abilities, already exercised all his own abilities, already exercised all his own abilities, which were very great, in flattering his which were very great, in flattering his which were very great, in flattering his father, father, father, and in contriving many sorts of and in contriving many sorts of and in contriving many sorts of calumnies against his brethren.

calumnies against his brethren. calumnies against his brethren. While he told some stories of them While he told some stories of them While he told some stories of them himself, and put it upon other himself, and put it upon other himself, and put it upon other proper persons to raise other stories proper persons to raise other stories proper persons to raise other stories against them, till at length he entirely against them, till at length he entirely against them, till at length he entirely cut his brethren off from all hopes of cut his brethren off from all hopes of cut his brethren off from all hopes of succeeding to the kingdom. succeeding to the kingdom. succeeding to the kingdom. For he was already publicly put into his For he was already publicly put into his For he was already publicly put into his father's will as his successor. father's will as his successor. father's will as his successor. Accordingly, he was sent with royal Accordingly, he was sent with royal Accordingly, he was sent with royal ornaments and other marks of royalty to ornaments and other marks of royalty to ornaments and other marks of royalty to Caesar, Caesar, Caesar, excepting the diadem. excepting the diadem. excepting the diadem. He was also able in time to introduce He was also able in time to introduce He was also able in time to introduce his mother again into Mariamne's bed. his mother again into Mariamne's bed. his mother again into Mariamne's bed. The two sorts of weapons he made use of The two sorts of weapons he made use of The two sorts of weapons he made use of against his brethren were flattery and against his brethren were flattery and against his brethren were flattery and calumny, calumny, calumny, whereby he brought matters privately to whereby he brought matters privately to whereby he brought matters privately to such a pass such a pass such a pass that the king had thoughts of putting that the king had thoughts of putting that the king had thoughts of putting his sons to death. his sons to death. his sons to death. So, the father drew Alexander as far as So, the father drew Alexander as far as So, the father drew Alexander as far as Rome, and charged him with an attempt of Rome, and charged him with an attempt of Rome, and charged him with an attempt of poisoning him before Caesar. poisoning him before Caesar. poisoning him before Caesar. Alexander could hardly speak for Alexander could hardly speak for Alexander could hardly speak for lamentation, but having a judge that was lamentation, but having a judge that was lamentation, but having a judge that was more skillful than Antipater and more more skillful than Antipater and more more skillful than Antipater and more wise than Herod, wise than Herod, wise than Herod, he modestly avoided laying any he modestly avoided laying any he modestly avoided laying any imputation upon his father, but with imputation upon his father, but with imputation upon his father, but with great strength of reason confuted the great strength of reason confuted the great strength of reason confuted the calumnies laid against him. And when he calumnies laid against him. And when he calumnies laid against him. And when he had demonstrated the innocency of his had demonstrated the innocency of his had demonstrated the innocency of his brother, brother, brother, who was in the like danger with himself, who was in the like danger with himself, who was in the like danger with himself, he at last bewailed the craftiness of he at last bewailed the craftiness of he at last bewailed the craftiness of Antipater Antipater Antipater and the disgrace that they were under.

and the disgrace that they were under. and the disgrace that they were under. He was enabled also to justify himself, He was enabled also to justify himself, He was enabled also to justify himself, not only by a clear conscience, which he not only by a clear conscience, which he not only by a clear conscience, which he carried with him, carried with him, carried with him, but by his eloquence, for he was a but by his eloquence, for he was a but by his eloquence, for he was a shrewd man in making speeches. shrewd man in making speeches. shrewd man in making speeches. And upon his saying at last that if his And upon his saying at last that if his And upon his saying at last that if his father objected this crime to them, father objected this crime to them, father objected this crime to them, it was in his power to put them to it was in his power to put them to it was in his power to put them to death, death, death, he made all the audience weep, and he he made all the audience weep, and he he made all the audience weep, and he brought Caesar to that pass as to object brought Caesar to that pass as to object brought Caesar to that pass as to object the accusations and to reconcile their the accusations and to reconcile their the accusations and to reconcile their father to them immediately. father to them immediately. father to them immediately. But the conditions of this But the conditions of this But the conditions of this reconciliation were these, that they reconciliation were these, that they reconciliation were these, that they should in all things be obedient to should in all things be obedient to should in all things be obedient to their father, and that he should have their father, and that he should have their father, and that he should have power to leave the kingdom to which of power to leave the kingdom to which of power to leave the kingdom to which of them he pleased. After this, the king came back from Rome After this, the king came back from Rome and seemed to have forgiven his sons and seemed to have forgiven his sons and seemed to have forgiven his sons upon these accusations. upon these accusations. upon these accusations. But still so that he was not without But still so that he was not without But still so that he was not without suspicions of them. suspicions of them. suspicions of them. They were followed by Antipater, who was They were followed by Antipater, who was They were followed by Antipater, who was the fountainhead of those accusations. the fountainhead of those accusations. the fountainhead of those accusations. Yet he did not openly discover his Yet he did not openly discover his Yet he did not openly discover his hatred to them hatred to them hatred to them as revering him that they had reconciled as revering him that they had reconciled as revering him that they had reconciled them.

them. them. But as Herod sailed by Cilicia, he But as Herod sailed by Cilicia, he But as Herod sailed by Cilicia, he touched at Elaeusa, where Archelaus touched at Elaeusa, where Archelaus touched at Elaeusa, where Archelaus treated them in the most obliging manner treated them in the most obliging manner treated them in the most obliging manner and gave him thanks for the deliverance and gave him thanks for the deliverance and gave him thanks for the deliverance of his son-in-law and was much pleased of his son-in-law and was much pleased of his son-in-law and was much pleased at their reconciliation. at their reconciliation. at their reconciliation. And this the more because he had And this the more because he had And this the more because he had formerly written to his friends at Rome formerly written to his friends at Rome formerly written to his friends at Rome that they should be assistant to that they should be assistant to that they should be assistant to Alexander at his trial. Alexander at his trial. Alexander at his trial. So he conducted Herod as far as So he conducted Herod as far as So he conducted Herod as far as Zephyrium and made him presents to the Zephyrium and made him presents to the Zephyrium and made him presents to the value of 30 talents. value of 30 talents. value of 30 talents. Now when Herod was come to Jerusalem, he Now when Herod was come to Jerusalem, he Now when Herod was come to Jerusalem, he gathered the people together and gathered the people together and gathered the people together and presented to them his three sons presented to them his three sons presented to them his three sons and gave them an apologetic account of and gave them an apologetic account of and gave them an apologetic account of his absence and thanked God greatly and his absence and thanked God greatly and his absence and thanked God greatly and thanked Caesar greatly also for settling thanked Caesar greatly also for settling thanked Caesar greatly also for settling his house when it was under disturbances his house when it was under disturbances his house when it was under disturbances and had procured concord among his sons, and had procured concord among his sons, and had procured concord among his sons, which was of greater consequence than which was of greater consequence than which was of greater consequence than the kingdom itself. the kingdom itself. the kingdom itself. And which I will render still more firm, And which I will render still more firm, And which I will render still more firm, for Caesar hath put into my power to for Caesar hath put into my power to for Caesar hath put into my power to dispose of the government and to appoint dispose of the government and to appoint dispose of the government and to appoint my successor. Accordingly, in the way of my successor. Accordingly, in the way of my successor. Accordingly, in the way of requital for his kindness and in order requital for his kindness and in order requital for his kindness and in order to provide for mine own advantage, to provide for mine own advantage, to provide for mine own advantage, I do declare that these three sons of I do declare that these three sons of I do declare that these three sons of mine shall be kings.

mine shall be kings. mine shall be kings. In the first place, I pray for the In the first place, I pray for the In the first place, I pray for the approbation of God to what I am about. approbation of God to what I am about. approbation of God to what I am about. And in the next place, I desire your And in the next place, I desire your And in the next place, I desire your approbation also. approbation also. approbation also. The age of one of them and the nobility The age of one of them and the nobility The age of one of them and the nobility of the other two shall procure them the of the other two shall procure them the of the other two shall procure them the succession. Nay, indeed, my kingdom is succession. Nay, indeed, my kingdom is succession. Nay, indeed, my kingdom is so large that it may be sufficient for so large that it may be sufficient for so large that it may be sufficient for more kings. more kings. more kings. Now do you keep those in their places Now do you keep those in their places Now do you keep those in their places whom Caesar hath joined and their father whom Caesar hath joined and their father whom Caesar hath joined and their father hath appointed. hath appointed. hath appointed. And do not you pay undue or unequal And do not you pay undue or unequal And do not you pay undue or unequal respects to them, but to everyone respects to them, but to everyone respects to them, but to everyone according to the prerogative of their according to the prerogative of their according to the prerogative of their births. For he that pays such respects births. For he that pays such respects births. For he that pays such respects unduly will thereby not make him that is unduly will thereby not make him that is unduly will thereby not make him that is honored beyond what his age requires so honored beyond what his age requires so honored beyond what his age requires so joyfully joyfully joyfully so as he will make him that is so as he will make him that is so as he will make him that is dishonored sorrowful. dishonored sorrowful. dishonored sorrowful. As for the kindred and friends that are As for the kindred and friends that are As for the kindred and friends that are to converse with them, I will appoint to to converse with them, I will appoint to to converse with them, I will appoint to each of them and will so constitute them each of them and will so constitute them each of them and will so constitute them so that they may be securities for their so that they may be securities for their so that they may be securities for their concord, as well knowing that the old concord, as well knowing that the old concord, as well knowing that the old tempers of those with whom they converse tempers of those with whom they converse tempers of those with whom they converse will produce quarrels and contentions will produce quarrels and contentions will produce quarrels and contentions among them.

among them. among them. But if these with whom they converse be But if these with whom they converse be But if these with whom they converse be of good tempers, they will preserve of good tempers, they will preserve of good tempers, they will preserve their natural affections for one their natural affections for one their natural affections for one another. another. another. But still I desire not these only, But still I desire not these only, But still I desire not these only, but all the captains of my army but all the captains of my army but all the captains of my army have for the present their hopes placed have for the present their hopes placed have for the present their hopes placed on me alone. For I do not give away my on me alone. For I do not give away my on me alone. For I do not give away my kingdom to these sons, but give them kingdom to these sons, but give them kingdom to these sons, but give them royal honors only. royal honors only. royal honors only. Whereby it will come to pass that they Whereby it will come to pass that they Whereby it will come to pass that they will enjoy the sweet parts of government will enjoy the sweet parts of government will enjoy the sweet parts of government as rulers themselves, but that the as rulers themselves, but that the as rulers themselves, but that the burden of administration will rest upon burden of administration will rest upon burden of administration will rest upon myself, whether I will or not. myself, whether I will or not. myself, whether I will or not. And let everyone consider what age I am And let everyone consider what age I am And let everyone consider what age I am of, of, of, how I have conducted my life, what piety how I have conducted my life, what piety how I have conducted my life, what piety I have exercised. For my age is not so I have exercised. For my age is not so I have exercised. For my age is not so great that men may expect the end of my great that men may expect the end of my great that men may expect the end of my life, life, life, nor have I indulged such a luxurious way nor have I indulged such a luxurious way nor have I indulged such a luxurious way of living as cuts men off when they are of living as cuts men off when they are of living as cuts men off when they are young. young. young. And we have been so religious towards And we have been so religious towards And we have been so religious towards God that we have reason to hope we may God that we have reason to hope we may God that we have reason to hope we may arrive at a very great age. arrive at a very great age. arrive at a very great age. But for such as cultivate a friendship But for such as cultivate a friendship But for such as cultivate a friendship with my sons or so to aim in my with my sons or so to aim in my with my sons or so to aim in my destruction, destruction, destruction, they shall be punished by me on their they shall be punished by me on their they shall be punished by me on their account.

account. account. I am not one who envy my own children I am not one who envy my own children I am not one who envy my own children and therefore forbid men to pay them and therefore forbid men to pay them and therefore forbid men to pay them great respect. great respect. great respect. But I know that such extravagant But I know that such extravagant But I know that such extravagant respects are the way to make them respects are the way to make them respects are the way to make them insolent. insolent. insolent. And if everyone that comes near them And if everyone that comes near them And if everyone that comes near them does but revolve this in his mind that does but revolve this in his mind that does but revolve this in his mind that if he prove a good man, he shall receive if he prove a good man, he shall receive if he prove a good man, he shall receive a reward from me. a reward from me. a reward from me. But that if he proves seditious, his But that if he proves seditious, his But that if he proves seditious, his ill-intended complacence shall get him ill-intended complacence shall get him ill-intended complacence shall get him nothing from him to whom it is shown. nothing from him to whom it is shown. nothing from him to whom it is shown. I suppose they will all be of my side, I suppose they will all be of my side, I suppose they will all be of my side, that is of my son's side, for it will be that is of my son's side, for it will be that is of my son's side, for it will be for their advantage that I reign and for their advantage that I reign and for their advantage that I reign and that I be a concord with them. that I be a concord with them. that I be a concord with them. But do you, oh my good children, reflect But do you, oh my good children, reflect But do you, oh my good children, reflect upon the holiness of nature itself by upon the holiness of nature itself by upon the holiness of nature itself by whose means natural affection is whose means natural affection is whose means natural affection is preserved even among wild beasts. In the preserved even among wild beasts. In the preserved even among wild beasts. In the next place, reflect upon Caesar who hath next place, reflect upon Caesar who hath next place, reflect upon Caesar who hath made this reconciliation amongst us. made this reconciliation amongst us. made this reconciliation amongst us. And in the third place, reflect upon me And in the third place, reflect upon me And in the third place, reflect upon me who entreats you to do what I have power who entreats you to do what I have power who entreats you to do what I have power to command you. Continue, brethren.

to command you. Continue, brethren. to command you. Continue, brethren. I give you royal garments and royal I give you royal garments and royal I give you royal garments and royal honors. I pray to God to preserve what I honors. I pray to God to preserve what I honors. I pray to God to preserve what I have determined in case you be a concord have determined in case you be a concord have determined in case you be a concord with one another. When the king had thus spoken and had When the king had thus spoken and had saluted every one of his sons after an saluted every one of his sons after an saluted every one of his sons after an obliging manner, he dismissed the obliging manner, he dismissed the obliging manner, he dismissed the multitude, multitude, multitude, some of which gave their assent to what some of which gave their assent to what some of which gave their assent to what he had said and wished it might take he had said and wished it might take he had said and wished it might take effect accordingly. effect accordingly. effect accordingly. But for those who wished a change of But for those who wished a change of But for those who wished a change of affairs, they pretended that they did affairs, they pretended that they did affairs, they pretended that they did not so much as hear what he had said. not so much as hear what he had said. not so much as hear what he had said. Chapter 24. Chapter 24. Chapter 24. The malice of Antipater and Doris. The malice of Antipater and Doris. The malice of Antipater and Doris. Alexander is very uneasy on Glaphyra's Alexander is very uneasy on Glaphyra's Alexander is very uneasy on Glaphyra's account. account. account. Herod pardons Pheroras, whom he Herod pardons Pheroras, whom he Herod pardons Pheroras, whom he suspected, and Salome, whom he knew to suspected, and Salome, whom he knew to suspected, and Salome, whom he knew to make mischief among them. make mischief among them. make mischief among them. Herod's eunuchs are tortured, and Herod's eunuchs are tortured, and Herod's eunuchs are tortured, and Alexander is bound. Alexander is bound. Alexander is bound. But now the quarrel which was between But now the quarrel which was between But now the quarrel which was between them still accompanied these brethren them still accompanied these brethren them still accompanied these brethren when they parted. And the suspicions when they parted. And the suspicions when they parted. And the suspicions that they had one of the other grew that they had one of the other grew that they had one of the other grew worse. worse. worse. Alexander and Aristobulus were much Alexander and Aristobulus were much Alexander and Aristobulus were much grieved that the privilege of the grieved that the privilege of the grieved that the privilege of the firstborn was confirmed to Antipater.

firstborn was confirmed to Antipater. firstborn was confirmed to Antipater. So was Antipater very angry at his So was Antipater very angry at his So was Antipater very angry at his brethren that they were to succeed him. brethren that they were to succeed him. brethren that they were to succeed him. But then this last, being of a But then this last, being of a But then this last, being of a disposition that was mutable and disposition that was mutable and disposition that was mutable and politic, he knew how to hold his tongue politic, he knew how to hold his tongue politic, he knew how to hold his tongue and used a great deal of cunning, and and used a great deal of cunning, and and used a great deal of cunning, and thereby concealed the hatred he bore to thereby concealed the hatred he bore to thereby concealed the hatred he bore to them. them. them. While the former, depending on the While the former, depending on the While the former, depending on the nobility of their births, had everything nobility of their births, had everything nobility of their births, had everything upon their tongues which was in their upon their tongues which was in their upon their tongues which was in their minds. minds. minds. Many also were those who provoked them Many also were those who provoked them Many also were those who provoked them further, and many of their seeming further, and many of their seeming further, and many of their seeming friends insinuated themselves into their friends insinuated themselves into their friends insinuated themselves into their acquaintance to spy out what they did. acquaintance to spy out what they did. acquaintance to spy out what they did. Now everything that was said by Now everything that was said by Now everything that was said by Alexander was presently brought to Alexander was presently brought to Alexander was presently brought to Antipater. And from Antipater was Antipater. And from Antipater was Antipater. And from Antipater was brought to Herod with additions. brought to Herod with additions. brought to Herod with additions. Nor could the young man say anything in Nor could the young man say anything in Nor could the young man say anything in the simplicity of his heart without the simplicity of his heart without the simplicity of his heart without giving offense. giving offense. giving offense. But what he said was still turned to But what he said was still turned to But what he said was still turned to calumny against him. calumny against him. calumny against him. And if he had been at any time a little And if he had been at any time a little And if he had been at any time a little free in his conversation, free in his conversation, free in his conversation, great imputations were forged from the great imputations were forged from the great imputations were forged from the smallest occasions. smallest occasions. smallest occasions. Antipater also was perpetually setting Antipater also was perpetually setting Antipater also was perpetually setting some to provoke him to speak that the some to provoke him to speak that the some to provoke him to speak that the lies he raised of him might seem to have lies he raised of him might seem to have lies he raised of him might seem to have some foundation of truth.

some foundation of truth. some foundation of truth. And if, among the many stories that were And if, among the many stories that were And if, among the many stories that were given out, but one of them could be given out, but one of them could be given out, but one of them could be proved true, that was supposed to imply proved true, that was supposed to imply proved true, that was supposed to imply the rest to be true also. the rest to be true also. the rest to be true also. And so, to Antipater's friends, they And so, to Antipater's friends, they And so, to Antipater's friends, they were all naturally so cautious in were all naturally so cautious in were all naturally so cautious in speaking or had been so far bribed to speaking or had been so far bribed to speaking or had been so far bribed to conceal their thoughts that nothing of conceal their thoughts that nothing of conceal their thoughts that nothing of these grand secrets got abroad by their these grand secrets got abroad by their these grand secrets got abroad by their means. means. means. Nor should one be mistaken if he calls Nor should one be mistaken if he calls Nor should one be mistaken if he calls the life of Antipater a mystery of the life of Antipater a mystery of the life of Antipater a mystery of wickedness. wickedness. wickedness. For he either corrupted Alexander's For he either corrupted Alexander's For he either corrupted Alexander's acquaintance with money or got into acquaintance with money or got into acquaintance with money or got into their favor by flatteries. their favor by flatteries. their favor by flatteries. By which two means he gained all his By which two means he gained all his By which two means he gained all his designs and brought them to betray their designs and brought them to betray their designs and brought them to betray their master and to steal away and to reveal master and to steal away and to reveal master and to steal away and to reveal what he either said or did. what he either said or did. what he either said or did. Thus did he act a part very cunningly in Thus did he act a part very cunningly in Thus did he act a part very cunningly in all points and wrought himself a passage all points and wrought himself a passage all points and wrought himself a passage by his calumnies with the greatest by his calumnies with the greatest by his calumnies with the greatest shrewdness. shrewdness. shrewdness. While he put on a face as if he were a While he put on a face as if he were a While he put on a face as if he were a kind brother to Alexander and kind brother to Alexander and kind brother to Alexander and Aristobulus. But suborned other men to Aristobulus. But suborned other men to Aristobulus. But suborned other men to inform of what they did to Herod.

inform of what they did to Herod. inform of what they did to Herod. And when anything was told against And when anything was told against And when anything was told against Alexander, he would come in and pretend Alexander, he would come in and pretend Alexander, he would come in and pretend to be of his side and would begin to to be of his side and would begin to to be of his side and would begin to contradict what was said. contradict what was said. contradict what was said. But would afterwards contrive matters so But would afterwards contrive matters so But would afterwards contrive matters so privately that the king should have an privately that the king should have an privately that the king should have an indignation at him. indignation at him. indignation at him. His general aim was this, to lay a plot His general aim was this, to lay a plot His general aim was this, to lay a plot and to make it believed that Alexander and to make it believed that Alexander and to make it believed that Alexander lay in wait to kill his father. lay in wait to kill his father. lay in wait to kill his father. For nothing afforded so great a For nothing afforded so great a For nothing afforded so great a confirmation to these calumnies as did confirmation to these calumnies as did confirmation to these calumnies as did Antipater's apologies for him. By these methods Herod was inflamed. And By these methods Herod was inflamed. And as much as his natural affection to the as much as his natural affection to the as much as his natural affection to the young men did every day diminish, young men did every day diminish, young men did every day diminish, so much did it increase towards so much did it increase towards so much did it increase towards Antipater. Antipater. Antipater. The courtiers also inclined to the same The courtiers also inclined to the same The courtiers also inclined to the same conduct, some of their own accord and conduct, some of their own accord and conduct, some of their own accord and others by the king's injunction. others by the king's injunction. others by the king's injunction. As particularly did Ptolemy, the king's As particularly did Ptolemy, the king's As particularly did Ptolemy, the king's dearest friend. dearest friend. dearest friend. As also the king's brethren and all his As also the king's brethren and all his As also the king's brethren and all his children. For Antipater was all in all. children. For Antipater was all in all. children. For Antipater was all in all. And what was the bitterest part of all And what was the bitterest part of all And what was the bitterest part of all to Alexander, Antipater's mother was to Alexander, Antipater's mother was to Alexander, Antipater's mother was also all in all.

also all in all. also all in all. She was one that gave counsel against She was one that gave counsel against She was one that gave counsel against them them them and was more harsh than a stepmother. and was more harsh than a stepmother. and was more harsh than a stepmother. And one that hated the queen's sons more And one that hated the queen's sons more And one that hated the queen's sons more than it usual to hate sons in law. than it usual to hate sons in law. than it usual to hate sons in law. All men did therefore already pay their All men did therefore already pay their All men did therefore already pay their respects to Alexander in hopes of respects to Alexander in hopes of respects to Alexander in hopes of advantage. advantage. advantage. And it was the king's command which And it was the king's command which And it was the king's command which alienated everybody from the brethren. alienated everybody from the brethren. alienated everybody from the brethren. He, having given this charge to his most He, having given this charge to his most He, having given this charge to his most intimate friends that they should not intimate friends that they should not intimate friends that they should not come near nor pay any regard to come near nor pay any regard to come near nor pay any regard to Alexander or to his friends. Alexander or to his friends. Alexander or to his friends. Herod was also become terrible not only Herod was also become terrible not only Herod was also become terrible not only to his domestics about the court but to to his domestics about the court but to to his domestics about the court but to his friends abroad. his friends abroad. his friends abroad. For Caesar had given such a privilege to For Caesar had given such a privilege to For Caesar had given such a privilege to no other king as he had given to him. no other king as he had given to him. no other king as he had given to him. Which was this. Which was this. Which was this. That he might fetch back anyone that That he might fetch back anyone that That he might fetch back anyone that fled from him even out of a city that fled from him even out of a city that fled from him even out of a city that was not under his own jurisdiction. was not under his own jurisdiction. was not under his own jurisdiction. Now the young men were not acquainted Now the young men were not acquainted Now the young men were not acquainted with the calumnies raised against them. with the calumnies raised against them. with the calumnies raised against them. For which reason they could not guard For which reason they could not guard For which reason they could not guard themselves against them but fell under themselves against them but fell under themselves against them but fell under them. them. them. For their father did not make any public For their father did not make any public For their father did not make any public complaints against either of them.

complaints against either of them. complaints against either of them. Though in a little time they perceived Though in a little time they perceived Though in a little time they perceived how things were by his coldness towards how things were by his coldness towards how things were by his coldness towards them. them. them. And by the great uneasiness he showed And by the great uneasiness he showed And by the great uneasiness he showed upon anything that troubled him. upon anything that troubled him. upon anything that troubled him. And Antipater had also made their uncle And Antipater had also made their uncle And Antipater had also made their uncle Pheroras to be their enemy as well as Pheroras to be their enemy as well as Pheroras to be their enemy as well as their aunt Salome. their aunt Salome. their aunt Salome. While he was talking with her as with a While he was talking with her as with a While he was talking with her as with a wife and irritating her against them. wife and irritating her against them. wife and irritating her against them. Moreover, Alexander's wife Glaphyra Moreover, Alexander's wife Glaphyra Moreover, Alexander's wife Glaphyra augmented this hatred against them by augmented this hatred against them by augmented this hatred against them by deriving her nobility and genealogy from deriving her nobility and genealogy from deriving her nobility and genealogy from great persons. And pretending that she great persons. And pretending that she great persons. And pretending that she was a lady superior to all others in was a lady superior to all others in was a lady superior to all others in that kingdom. that kingdom. that kingdom. As being derived by her father's side As being derived by her father's side As being derived by her father's side from Temenus and by her mother's side from Temenus and by her mother's side from Temenus and by her mother's side from Darius the son of Hystaspes. from Darius the son of Hystaspes. from Darius the son of Hystaspes. She also frequently reproached Herod's She also frequently reproached Herod's She also frequently reproached Herod's sister and wives with the ignobility of sister and wives with the ignobility of sister and wives with the ignobility of their descent. their descent. their descent. And that they were everyone chosen by And that they were everyone chosen by And that they were everyone chosen by him for their beauty but not for their him for their beauty but not for their him for their beauty but not for their family. family. family. Now those wives of his were not a few it Now those wives of his were not a few it Now those wives of his were not a few it being of old permitted to the Jews to being of old permitted to the Jews to being of old permitted to the Jews to marry many wives.

marry many wives. marry many wives. And this king delighting in many, And this king delighting in many, And this king delighting in many, all which hated Alexander on account of all which hated Alexander on account of all which hated Alexander on account of Glaphyra's boasting and reproaches. Glaphyra's boasting and reproaches. Glaphyra's boasting and reproaches. Nay, Aristobulus had raised a quarrel Nay, Aristobulus had raised a quarrel Nay, Aristobulus had raised a quarrel between himself and Salome, between himself and Salome, between himself and Salome, who was his mother-in-law. And besides who was his mother-in-law. And besides who was his mother-in-law. And besides the anger he had conceived at Glaphyra's the anger he had conceived at Glaphyra's the anger he had conceived at Glaphyra's reproaches, for he perpetually upbraided reproaches, for he perpetually upbraided reproaches, for he perpetually upbraided his wife with the meanness of her his wife with the meanness of her his wife with the meanness of her family, and complained that as he had family, and complained that as he had family, and complained that as he had married a woman of a low family, so had married a woman of a low family, so had married a woman of a low family, so had his brother Alexander married one of his brother Alexander married one of his brother Alexander married one of royal blood. royal blood. royal blood. At this, Salome's daughter wept and told At this, Salome's daughter wept and told At this, Salome's daughter wept and told it her with this addition, that it her with this addition, that it her with this addition, that Alexander threatened the mothers of his Alexander threatened the mothers of his Alexander threatened the mothers of his own brethren, own brethren, own brethren, that when he should come to the crown, that when he should come to the crown, that when he should come to the crown, he would make them weave with their he would make them weave with their he would make them weave with their maidens, maidens, maidens, and would make those brothers of his and would make those brothers of his and would make those brothers of his country schoolmasters, and break this country schoolmasters, and break this country schoolmasters, and break this jest upon them, jest upon them, jest upon them, that they had been very carefully that they had been very carefully that they had been very carefully instructed to fit them for such an instructed to fit them for such an instructed to fit them for such an employment. employment. employment. Hereupon, Salome could not contain her Hereupon, Salome could not contain her Hereupon, Salome could not contain her anger, but told all to Herod. anger, but told all to Herod. anger, but told all to Herod. Nor could her testimony be suspected, Nor could her testimony be suspected, Nor could her testimony be suspected, since it was against her own son-in-law.

since it was against her own son-in-law. since it was against her own son-in-law. There was also another calumny, which There was also another calumny, which There was also another calumny, which ran abroad and inflamed the king's mind. ran abroad and inflamed the king's mind. ran abroad and inflamed the king's mind. For he had heard that these sons of his For he had heard that these sons of his For he had heard that these sons of his were perpetually speaking to their were perpetually speaking to their were perpetually speaking to their mother, mother, mother, and among their lamentations for her, and among their lamentations for her, and among their lamentations for her, did not abstain from cursing him. did not abstain from cursing him. did not abstain from cursing him. And that when he made presents of any of And that when he made presents of any of And that when he made presents of any of Mariamne's garments to his later wives, Mariamne's garments to his later wives, Mariamne's garments to his later wives, these threatened that in no little time, these threatened that in no little time, these threatened that in no little time, instead of royal garments, they would instead of royal garments, they would instead of royal garments, they would clothe theft in no better than clothe theft in no better than clothe theft in no better than haircloth. haircloth. haircloth. Now, upon these accounts, though Herod Now, upon these accounts, though Herod Now, upon these accounts, though Herod was somewhat afraid of a young man's was somewhat afraid of a young man's was somewhat afraid of a young man's high spirit, high spirit, high spirit, yet he did not despair of reducing them yet he did not despair of reducing them yet he did not despair of reducing them to a much better mind. to a much better mind. to a much better mind. But before he went to Rome, whither he But before he went to Rome, whither he But before he went to Rome, whither he was now going by sea, he called them to was now going by sea, he called them to was now going by sea, he called them to him, him, him, and partly threatened them a little and partly threatened them a little and partly threatened them a little as a king, but for the main, he as a king, but for the main, he as a king, but for the main, he admonished them as a father, admonished them as a father, admonished them as a father, and exhorted them to love their and exhorted them to love their and exhorted them to love their brethren, and told them that he would brethren, and told them that he would brethren, and told them that he would pardon their former offenses if they pardon their former offenses if they pardon their former offenses if they would amend for the time to come. would amend for the time to come. would amend for the time to come. But they refuted the calumnies that had But they refuted the calumnies that had But they refuted the calumnies that had been raised to them, and said that they been raised to them, and said that they been raised to them, and said that they were false, and alleged that their were false, and alleged that their were false, and alleged that their actions were sufficient for their actions were sufficient for their actions were sufficient for their vindication.

vindication. vindication. And said with all that he himself ought And said with all that he himself ought And said with all that he himself ought to shut his ears against such tales, and to shut his ears against such tales, and to shut his ears against such tales, and would not be too easy in believing them. would not be too easy in believing them. would not be too easy in believing them. For that there would never be wanting For that there would never be wanting For that there would never be wanting those who would tell lies to their those who would tell lies to their those who would tell lies to their disadvantage as long as any would give disadvantage as long as any would give disadvantage as long as any would give ear to them. ear to them. ear to them. When they had thus pacified him as being When they had thus pacified him as being When they had thus pacified him as being their father, their father, their father, they got clear of the present fear that they got clear of the present fear that they got clear of the present fear that they were in. they were in. they were in. Yet did they see occasion for sorrow in Yet did they see occasion for sorrow in Yet did they see occasion for sorrow in some time afterward, for they knew that some time afterward, for they knew that some time afterward, for they knew that Salome, as well as their uncle Pheroras, Salome, as well as their uncle Pheroras, Salome, as well as their uncle Pheroras, were their enemies, were their enemies, were their enemies, who both of them heavy and severe who both of them heavy and severe who both of them heavy and severe persons, and especially Pheroras, who persons, and especially Pheroras, who persons, and especially Pheroras, who was a partner with Herod in all the was a partner with Herod in all the was a partner with Herod in all the affairs of the kingdom, excepting the affairs of the kingdom, excepting the affairs of the kingdom, excepting the diadem. He had also 100 talents of his own He had also 100 talents of his own revenue, and enjoyed the advantage of revenue, and enjoyed the advantage of revenue, and enjoyed the advantage of all the land beyond the Jordan. all the land beyond the Jordan. all the land beyond the Jordan. Nay, Pheroras had been accused long Nay, Pheroras had been accused long Nay, Pheroras had been accused long before while the queen, Mariamne, was before while the queen, Mariamne, was before while the queen, Mariamne, was alive, alive, alive, as if he were in a plot to poison Herod. as if he were in a plot to poison Herod. as if he were in a plot to poison Herod. And there came then so great a number of And there came then so great a number of And there came then so great a number of informers that Herod himself, though he informers that Herod himself, though he informers that Herod himself, though he was an exceeding lover of his brethren, was an exceeding lover of his brethren, was an exceeding lover of his brethren, was brought to believe what they said, was brought to believe what they said, was brought to believe what they said, and to be afraid of it also.

and to be afraid of it also. and to be afraid of it also. And when he had brought many of those And when he had brought many of those And when he had brought many of those who were under suspicion to the torture, who were under suspicion to the torture, who were under suspicion to the torture, he came at last to Pheroras' own he came at last to Pheroras' own he came at last to Pheroras' own friends. friends. friends. None of whom did openly confess the None of whom did openly confess the None of whom did openly confess the crime, but they owned that he had made crime, but they owned that he had made crime, but they owned that he had made preparations to take her whom he loved preparations to take her whom he loved preparations to take her whom he loved and run away to the Parthians. and run away to the Parthians. and run away to the Parthians. Costobarus, too, the husband of Salome, Costobarus, too, the husband of Salome, Costobarus, too, the husband of Salome, to whom the king had given her in to whom the king had given her in to whom the king had given her in marriage marriage marriage after that her former husband had been after that her former husband had been after that her former husband had been put to death for adultery was put to death for adultery was put to death for adultery was instrumental in bringing about this instrumental in bringing about this instrumental in bringing about this contrivance and flight of his. contrivance and flight of his. contrivance and flight of his. Nor did Salome escape all calumny upon Nor did Salome escape all calumny upon Nor did Salome escape all calumny upon herself. For her brother, Pheroras, herself. For her brother, Pheroras, herself. For her brother, Pheroras, accused her that she had made an accused her that she had made an accused her that she had made an agreement to marry Syllaeus, the agreement to marry Syllaeus, the agreement to marry Syllaeus, the procurator of Obodas, the king of procurator of Obodas, the king of procurator of Obodas, the king of Arabia, who was at bitter enmity with Arabia, who was at bitter enmity with Arabia, who was at bitter enmity with Herod. Herod. Herod. But when she was convicted of this, and But when she was convicted of this, and But when she was convicted of this, and all that Pheroras had accused her of, all that Pheroras had accused her of, all that Pheroras had accused her of, she obtained her pardon. she obtained her pardon. she obtained her pardon. The king also pardoned Pheroras himself The king also pardoned Pheroras himself The king also pardoned Pheroras himself the crimes he had been accused of. the crimes he had been accused of. the crimes he had been accused of. But the storm of the whole family was But the storm of the whole family was But the storm of the whole family was removed to Alexander, and all of it removed to Alexander, and all of it removed to Alexander, and all of it rested upon his head.

rested upon his head. rested upon his head. There were three eunuchs who were in the There were three eunuchs who were in the There were three eunuchs who were in the highest esteem with the king, as was highest esteem with the king, as was highest esteem with the king, as was plain by the offices they were in about plain by the offices they were in about plain by the offices they were in about him. him. him. For one of them was appointed to be his For one of them was appointed to be his For one of them was appointed to be his butler. butler. butler. Another of them got his supper ready for Another of them got his supper ready for Another of them got his supper ready for him, and the third put him into bed and him, and the third put him into bed and him, and the third put him into bed and lay down by him. lay down by him. lay down by him. Now, Alexander had prevailed with these Now, Alexander had prevailed with these Now, Alexander had prevailed with these men by large gifts to let him use them men by large gifts to let him use them men by large gifts to let him use them after an obscene manner, after an obscene manner, after an obscene manner, which when it was told to the king, they which when it was told to the king, they which when it was told to the king, they were tortured and found guilty, were tortured and found guilty, were tortured and found guilty, and presently confessed the criminal and presently confessed the criminal and presently confessed the criminal conversation he had with them. conversation he had with them. conversation he had with them. They also discovered the promises by They also discovered the promises by They also discovered the promises by which they were induced to do so, which they were induced to do so, which they were induced to do so, and how they were deluded by Alexander, and how they were deluded by Alexander, and how they were deluded by Alexander, who had told them that they ought not to who had told them that they ought not to who had told them that they ought not to fix their hopes upon Herod, an old man, fix their hopes upon Herod, an old man, fix their hopes upon Herod, an old man, and one so shameless as to color his and one so shameless as to color his and one so shameless as to color his hair, unless they thought hair, unless they thought hair, unless they thought they would make him young again. they would make him young again. they would make him young again. But that they ought to fix their But that they ought to fix their But that they ought to fix their attention to him, who was to be his attention to him, who was to be his attention to him, who was to be his successor in the kingdom, successor in the kingdom, successor in the kingdom, whether he would or not, and who in no whether he would or not, and who in no whether he would or not, and who in no time would advantage himself on his time would advantage himself on his time would advantage himself on his enemies, and make his friends happy and enemies, and make his friends happy and enemies, and make his friends happy and blessed, and themselves in the first blessed, and themselves in the first blessed, and themselves in the first place.

place. place. That the men of power did already pay That the men of power did already pay That the men of power did already pay respects to Alexander privately, and respects to Alexander privately, and respects to Alexander privately, and that the captives of the soldiery and that the captives of the soldiery and that the captives of the soldiery and the officers did secretly come to him. the officers did secretly come to him. the officers did secretly come to him. These confessions did so terrify Herod These confessions did so terrify Herod These confessions did so terrify Herod that he durst not immediately publish that he durst not immediately publish that he durst not immediately publish them. them. them. But he sent spies abroad privately by But he sent spies abroad privately by But he sent spies abroad privately by day and by night who should make a close day and by night who should make a close day and by night who should make a close inquiry after all that was done and inquiry after all that was done and inquiry after all that was done and said. And when any were but suspected of said. And when any were but suspected of said. And when any were but suspected of treason, he put them to death. treason, he put them to death. treason, he put them to death. Insomuch that the palace was full of Insomuch that the palace was full of Insomuch that the palace was full of horribly unjust proceedings. For horribly unjust proceedings. For horribly unjust proceedings. For everybody forged calumnies everybody forged calumnies everybody forged calumnies as they were themselves in a state of as they were themselves in a state of as they were themselves in a state of enmity or hatred against others. enmity or hatred against others. enmity or hatred against others. And many there were who abused the And many there were who abused the And many there were who abused the king's bloody passion to the king's bloody passion to the king's bloody passion to the disadvantage of those with whom they had disadvantage of those with whom they had disadvantage of those with whom they had quarrels. And lies were easily believed, quarrels. And lies were easily believed, quarrels. And lies were easily believed, and punishments were inflicted sooner and punishments were inflicted sooner and punishments were inflicted sooner than the calumnies were forged. than the calumnies were forged. than the calumnies were forged. He who had just then been accusing He who had just then been accusing He who had just then been accusing another was accused himself and was led another was accused himself and was led another was accused himself and was led away to execution together with him whom away to execution together with him whom away to execution together with him whom he had convicted. For the danger the he had convicted. For the danger the he had convicted. For the danger the king was in of his life made king was in of his life made king was in of his life made examinations be very short.

examinations be very short. examinations be very short. He also proceeded to such a degree of He also proceeded to such a degree of He also proceeded to such a degree of bitterness that he could not look on any bitterness that he could not look on any bitterness that he could not look on any of those who were not accused with a of those who were not accused with a of those who were not accused with a pleasant countenance, pleasant countenance, pleasant countenance, but was in the most barbarous but was in the most barbarous but was in the most barbarous disposition towards his own friends. disposition towards his own friends. disposition towards his own friends. Accordingly, he forbade a great many of Accordingly, he forbade a great many of Accordingly, he forbade a great many of them them them to come to court. And to those whom he to come to court. And to those whom he to come to court. And to those whom he had not the power to punish actually, he had not the power to punish actually, he had not the power to punish actually, he spoke harshly. spoke harshly. spoke harshly. But, for Antipater, But, for Antipater, But, for Antipater, he insulted Alexander. he insulted Alexander. he insulted Alexander. Now, he was under his misfortunes and Now, he was under his misfortunes and Now, he was under his misfortunes and got a stout company of his kindred got a stout company of his kindred got a stout company of his kindred together together together and raised all sorts of calumny against and raised all sorts of calumny against and raised all sorts of calumny against him. him. him. And for the king, he was brought to such And for the king, he was brought to such And for the king, he was brought to such a degree of terror by these prodigious a degree of terror by these prodigious a degree of terror by these prodigious slanders and contrivances that he slanders and contrivances that he slanders and contrivances that he fancied he saw Alexander coming to him fancied he saw Alexander coming to him fancied he saw Alexander coming to him with a drawn sword in his hand. with a drawn sword in his hand. with a drawn sword in his hand. So, he caused him to be seized upon So, he caused him to be seized upon So, he caused him to be seized upon immediately and bound and fell to immediately and bound and fell to immediately and bound and fell to examining his friends by torture. Many examining his friends by torture. Many examining his friends by torture. Many of whom died under the torture, of whom died under the torture, of whom died under the torture, but would discover nothing but would discover nothing but would discover nothing nor say anything against their nor say anything against their nor say anything against their consciences. consciences. consciences. But, some of them being forced to speak But, some of them being forced to speak But, some of them being forced to speak falsely by the pains they endured said falsely by the pains they endured said falsely by the pains they endured said that Alexander and his brother that Alexander and his brother that Alexander and his brother Aristobulus plotted against him Aristobulus plotted against him Aristobulus plotted against him and waited for an opportunity to kill and waited for an opportunity to kill and waited for an opportunity to kill him as he was hunting, and then fly away him as he was hunting, and then fly away him as he was hunting, and then fly away to Rome.

to Rome. to Rome. These accusations, though they were of These accusations, though they were of These accusations, though they were of an incredible nature and only framed an incredible nature and only framed an incredible nature and only framed upon the great distress that they were upon the great distress that they were upon the great distress that they were in, in, in, were readily believed by the king, who were readily believed by the king, who were readily believed by the king, who thought it some comfort to him after he thought it some comfort to him after he thought it some comfort to him after he had bound his son that it might appear had bound his son that it might appear had bound his son that it might appear he had not done it unjustly. he had not done it unjustly. he had not done it unjustly. End of Book 1, chapters 23 and 24. Book 1, chapters 25 and 26 of The Wars Book 1, chapters 25 and 26 of The Wars of the Jews. This is a LibriVox of the Jews. This is a LibriVox of the Jews. This is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are recording. All LibriVox recordings are recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. in the public domain. in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, For more information or to volunteer, For more information or to volunteer, please visit librivox.org. please visit librivox.org. please visit librivox.org. The Wars of the Jews by Josephus, The Wars of the Jews by Josephus, The Wars of the Jews by Josephus, translated by William Whiston. translated by William Whiston. translated by William Whiston. Book 1, chapters 25 and 26. Book 1, chapters 25 and 26. Book 1, chapters 25 and 26. Chapter 25. Chapter 25. Chapter 25. Archelaus procures a reconciliation Archelaus procures a reconciliation Archelaus procures a reconciliation between Alexander, Pheroras, and Herod.

Now, as to Alexander, since he perceived Now, as to Alexander, since he perceived it impossible to persuade his father it impossible to persuade his father it impossible to persuade his father that he was innocent, he resolved to that he was innocent, he resolved to that he was innocent, he resolved to meet his calamities, however severe meet his calamities, however severe meet his calamities, however severe soever they were. soever they were. soever they were. So, he composed four books against his So, he composed four books against his So, he composed four books against his enemies and confessed that he had been enemies and confessed that he had been enemies and confessed that he had been in a plot, but declared with all that in a plot, but declared with all that in a plot, but declared with all that the greatest part of the courtiers were the greatest part of the courtiers were the greatest part of the courtiers were in a plot with him, and chiefly Pheroras in a plot with him, and chiefly Pheroras in a plot with him, and chiefly Pheroras and Salome. and Salome. and Salome. Nay, that Salome once came and forced Nay, that Salome once came and forced Nay, that Salome once came and forced him to lie with her in the nighttime, him to lie with her in the nighttime, him to lie with her in the nighttime, whether he would or no. whether he would or no. whether he would or no. These books were put into Herod's hands These books were put into Herod's hands These books were put into Herod's hands and made a great clamor against the men and made a great clamor against the men and made a great clamor against the men in power. in power. in power. And now, it was that Archelaus came And now, it was that Archelaus came And now, it was that Archelaus came hastily into Judea, hastily into Judea, hastily into Judea, being affrighted for his son-in-law and being affrighted for his son-in-law and being affrighted for his son-in-law and his daughter. his daughter. his daughter. And he came as a proper assistant and in And he came as a proper assistant and in And he came as a proper assistant and in a very prudent manner. a very prudent manner. a very prudent manner. And by a stratagem, he obliged the king And by a stratagem, he obliged the king And by a stratagem, he obliged the king not to execute what he had threatened. not to execute what he had threatened. not to execute what he had threatened. For when he was come to him, he cried For when he was come to him, he cried For when he was come to him, he cried out, out, out, "Where in the world is this wretched "Where in the world is this wretched "Where in the world is this wretched son-in-law of mine? son-in-law of mine? son-in-law of mine? Where shall I see the head of him which Where shall I see the head of him which Where shall I see the head of him which contrived to murder his father, contrived to murder his father, contrived to murder his father, which I will tear to pieces with my own which I will tear to pieces with my own which I will tear to pieces with my own hands?

hands? hands? I will do the same also to my daughter, I will do the same also to my daughter, I will do the same also to my daughter, who hath such a fine husband. who hath such a fine husband. who hath such a fine husband. For although she be not a partner in the For although she be not a partner in the For although she be not a partner in the plot, yet by being the wife of such a plot, yet by being the wife of such a plot, yet by being the wife of such a creature, she is polluted. creature, she is polluted. creature, she is polluted. And I cannot but admire at thy patience, And I cannot but admire at thy patience, And I cannot but admire at thy patience, against whom this plot is laid, if against whom this plot is laid, if against whom this plot is laid, if Alexander be still alive. For as I come Alexander be still alive. For as I come Alexander be still alive. For as I come with what haste I could from Cappadocia, with what haste I could from Cappadocia, with what haste I could from Cappadocia, I expected to find him put to death for I expected to find him put to death for I expected to find him put to death for his crimes long ago. his crimes long ago. his crimes long ago. But still, in order to make an But still, in order to make an But still, in order to make an examination of thee about my daughter, examination of thee about my daughter, examination of thee about my daughter, whom, out of regard to thee and by whom, out of regard to thee and by whom, out of regard to thee and by dignity, I had espoused to him in dignity, I had espoused to him in dignity, I had espoused to him in marriage. marriage. marriage. But now, we must take counsel about them But now, we must take counsel about them But now, we must take counsel about them both. both. both. And if thy paternal affection be so And if thy paternal affection be so And if thy paternal affection be so great that thou canst punish thy son, great that thou canst punish thy son, great that thou canst punish thy son, who hath plotted against thee, who hath plotted against thee, who hath plotted against thee, let us change our right hands, and let let us change our right hands, and let let us change our right hands, and let us succeed to the other in expressing us succeed to the other in expressing us succeed to the other in expressing our rage upon this occasion." When he had made this pompous When he had made this pompous declaration, he got Herod to remit of declaration, he got Herod to remit of declaration, he got Herod to remit of his anger, though he were in disorder.

his anger, though he were in disorder. his anger, though he were in disorder. Who thereupon gave him the books which Who thereupon gave him the books which Who thereupon gave him the books which Alexander had composed to be read by Alexander had composed to be read by Alexander had composed to be read by him. him. him. And as he came to every head, he And as he came to every head, he And as he came to every head, he considered of it together with Herod. considered of it together with Herod. considered of it together with Herod. So, Archelaus took hence the occasion So, Archelaus took hence the occasion So, Archelaus took hence the occasion for that stratagem which he made use of, for that stratagem which he made use of, for that stratagem which he made use of, and by degrees he laid the blame on and by degrees he laid the blame on and by degrees he laid the blame on those men whose names were in those those men whose names were in those those men whose names were in those books, and especially upon Pheroras. books, and especially upon Pheroras. books, and especially upon Pheroras. And when he saw that the king believed And when he saw that the king believed And when he saw that the king believed him to be in earnest, he said, him to be in earnest, he said, him to be in earnest, he said, "We must consider whether the young man "We must consider whether the young man "We must consider whether the young man be not himself plotted against by such a be not himself plotted against by such a be not himself plotted against by such a number of wicked wretches, number of wicked wretches, number of wicked wretches, and not thou plotted against by the and not thou plotted against by the and not thou plotted against by the young man. young man. young man. For I cannot see any occasion for his For I cannot see any occasion for his For I cannot see any occasion for his falling into so horrid a crime, since he falling into so horrid a crime, since he falling into so horrid a crime, since he enjoys the advantages of royalty enjoys the advantages of royalty enjoys the advantages of royalty already, and has the expectation of already, and has the expectation of already, and has the expectation of being one of thy successors. being one of thy successors. being one of thy successors. I mean this, I mean this, I mean this, unless there were some persons that unless there were some persons that unless there were some persons that persuade him to it, and such persons as persuade him to it, and such persons as persuade him to it, and such persons as make an ill use of the faculty they know make an ill use of the faculty they know make an ill use of the faculty they know there is to persuade young men.

there is to persuade young men. there is to persuade young men. For by such persons not only young men For by such persons not only young men For by such persons not only young men are sometimes imposed upon, but old men are sometimes imposed upon, but old men are sometimes imposed upon, but old men also, and by them sometimes are the most also, and by them sometimes are the most also, and by them sometimes are the most illustrious families and kingdoms illustrious families and kingdoms illustrious families and kingdoms overturned." overturned." overturned." Herod assented to what he had said, and Herod assented to what he had said, and Herod assented to what he had said, and by degrees abated of his anger against by degrees abated of his anger against by degrees abated of his anger against Alexander, Alexander, Alexander, but was more angry at Pheroras. but was more angry at Pheroras. but was more angry at Pheroras. For the principal subject of the four For the principal subject of the four For the principal subject of the four books was Pheroras, books was Pheroras, books was Pheroras, who perceiving that the king's who perceiving that the king's who perceiving that the king's inclinations changed on a sudden, and inclinations changed on a sudden, and inclinations changed on a sudden, and that Archelaus's friendship could do that Archelaus's friendship could do that Archelaus's friendship could do everything with him, everything with him, everything with him, and that he had no honorable method of and that he had no honorable method of and that he had no honorable method of preserving himself, preserving himself, preserving himself, he procured his safety by his impudence. he procured his safety by his impudence. he procured his safety by his impudence. So he left Alexander and had recourse to So he left Alexander and had recourse to So he left Alexander and had recourse to Archelaus, who told him that he did not Archelaus, who told him that he did not Archelaus, who told him that he did not see how he could get him excused, now see how he could get him excused, now see how he could get him excused, now that he was directly caught in so many that he was directly caught in so many that he was directly caught in so many crimes, crimes, crimes, whereby it was evidently demonstrated whereby it was evidently demonstrated whereby it was evidently demonstrated that he had plotted against the king, that he had plotted against the king, that he had plotted against the king, and had been in the cause of those and had been in the cause of those and had been in the cause of those misfortunes which the young man was now misfortunes which the young man was now misfortunes which the young man was now under, under, under, unless he could moreover leave off his unless he could moreover leave off his unless he could moreover leave off his cunning knavery, and his denials of what cunning knavery, and his denials of what cunning knavery, and his denials of what he was charged with all, and confess the he was charged with all, and confess the he was charged with all, and confess the charge, charge, charge, and implore pardon of his brother, who and implore pardon of his brother, who and implore pardon of his brother, who still had a kindness for him.

still had a kindness for him. still had a kindness for him. But that if he would do so, he would But that if he would do so, he would But that if he would do so, he would afford him all the assistance he was afford him all the assistance he was afford him all the assistance he was able. able. able. With this advice, Pheroras complied, and With this advice, Pheroras complied, and With this advice, Pheroras complied, and putting himself into such a habit as putting himself into such a habit as putting himself into such a habit as might most move compassion, might most move compassion, might most move compassion, he came with black cloth upon his body he came with black cloth upon his body he came with black cloth upon his body and tears in his eyes and threw himself and tears in his eyes and threw himself and tears in his eyes and threw himself down at Herod's feet down at Herod's feet down at Herod's feet and begged his pardon for what he had and begged his pardon for what he had and begged his pardon for what he had done and confessed that he had acted done and confessed that he had acted done and confessed that he had acted very wickedly and was guilty of very wickedly and was guilty of very wickedly and was guilty of everything that he had been accused of everything that he had been accused of everything that he had been accused of and lamented that disorder of his mind and lamented that disorder of his mind and lamented that disorder of his mind and distraction which his love to a and distraction which his love to a and distraction which his love to a woman, he said, had brought him to. woman, he said, had brought him to. woman, he said, had brought him to. So, when Archelaus had brought Pheroras So, when Archelaus had brought Pheroras So, when Archelaus had brought Pheroras to accuse and bear witness against to accuse and bear witness against to accuse and bear witness against himself, himself, himself, he then made an excuse for him and he then made an excuse for him and he then made an excuse for him and mitigated Herod's anger towards him mitigated Herod's anger towards him mitigated Herod's anger towards him and this by using certain domestical and this by using certain domestical and this by using certain domestical examples. examples. examples. For that when he had suffered much For that when he had suffered much For that when he had suffered much greater mischief from a brother of his greater mischief from a brother of his greater mischief from a brother of his own, own, own, he preferred the obligations of nature he preferred the obligations of nature he preferred the obligations of nature before the passion of revenge because it before the passion of revenge because it before the passion of revenge because it is in kingdoms as it is in gross bodies is in kingdoms as it is in gross bodies is in kingdoms as it is in gross bodies where some member or other is ever where some member or other is ever where some member or other is ever swelled by the body's weight, in which swelled by the body's weight, in which swelled by the body's weight, in which case it is not proper to cut off such case it is not proper to cut off such case it is not proper to cut off such member, but to heal it by a gentle member, but to heal it by a gentle member, but to heal it by a gentle method of cure.

method of cure. method of cure. Upon Archelaus saying this and much more Upon Archelaus saying this and much more Upon Archelaus saying this and much more to the same purpose, to the same purpose, to the same purpose, Herod's displeasure against Pheroras was Herod's displeasure against Pheroras was Herod's displeasure against Pheroras was mollified. mollified. mollified. Yet he did persevere in his own Yet he did persevere in his own Yet he did persevere in his own indignation against Alexander indignation against Alexander indignation against Alexander and said that he would have his daughter and said that he would have his daughter and said that he would have his daughter divorced and taken away from him divorced and taken away from him divorced and taken away from him and this till he had brought Herod to and this till he had brought Herod to and this till he had brought Herod to that pass that contrary to his former that pass that contrary to his former that pass that contrary to his former behavior to him, he petitioned Archelaus behavior to him, he petitioned Archelaus behavior to him, he petitioned Archelaus for the young man and that he would let for the young man and that he would let for the young man and that he would let his daughter continue to espouse to him. his daughter continue to espouse to him. his daughter continue to espouse to him. But Archelaus made him strongly believe But Archelaus made him strongly believe But Archelaus made him strongly believe that he would permit her to be married that he would permit her to be married that he would permit her to be married to anyone else but not to Alexander to anyone else but not to Alexander to anyone else but not to Alexander because he looked upon it as a very because he looked upon it as a very because he looked upon it as a very valuable advantage valuable advantage valuable advantage that the revelation they had contracted that the revelation they had contracted that the revelation they had contracted by that affinity and the privileges that by that affinity and the privileges that by that affinity and the privileges that went along with it might be preserved. went along with it might be preserved. went along with it might be preserved. And when the king said that his son And when the king said that his son And when the king said that his son would take it for a great favor to him would take it for a great favor to him would take it for a great favor to him if he would not dissolve that marriage, if he would not dissolve that marriage, if he would not dissolve that marriage, especially since they had already especially since they had already especially since they had already children between the young man and her. children between the young man and her. children between the young man and her. And since that wife of his was so well And since that wife of his was so well And since that wife of his was so well beloved by him, and that as while she beloved by him, and that as while she beloved by him, and that as while she remains his wife, she would be a great remains his wife, she would be a great remains his wife, she would be a great preservative to him, and keep him from preservative to him, and keep him from preservative to him, and keep him from offending as he had formerly done.

offending as he had formerly done. offending as he had formerly done. So, if she should be once torn away from So, if she should be once torn away from So, if she should be once torn away from him, she would be the cause of his him, she would be the cause of his him, she would be the cause of his falling into despair, because such young falling into despair, because such young falling into despair, because such young man's attempts are best mollified when man's attempts are best mollified when man's attempts are best mollified when they are diverted from them by settling they are diverted from them by settling they are diverted from them by settling their affections at home. their affections at home. their affections at home. So, Archelaus complied with what Herod So, Archelaus complied with what Herod So, Archelaus complied with what Herod desired, but not without difficulty, and desired, but not without difficulty, and desired, but not without difficulty, and was both himself reconciled to the young was both himself reconciled to the young was both himself reconciled to the young man, and reconciled his father to him man, and reconciled his father to him man, and reconciled his father to him also. also. also. However, he said he must, by all means, However, he said he must, by all means, However, he said he must, by all means, be sent to Rome to discourse with be sent to Rome to discourse with be sent to Rome to discourse with Caesar, because he had already written a Caesar, because he had already written a Caesar, because he had already written a full account to him of this whole full account to him of this whole full account to him of this whole matter. matter. matter. Thus, a period was put to Archelaus's Thus, a period was put to Archelaus's Thus, a period was put to Archelaus's stratagem, whereby he delivered his stratagem, whereby he delivered his stratagem, whereby he delivered his son-in-law out of the dangers he was in. son-in-law out of the dangers he was in. son-in-law out of the dangers he was in. But when these reconciliations were But when these reconciliations were But when these reconciliations were over, over, over, they spent their time in feastings and they spent their time in feastings and they spent their time in feastings and agreeable entertainments. agreeable entertainments. agreeable entertainments. And when Archelaus was going away, And when Archelaus was going away, And when Archelaus was going away, Herod made him a present of 70 talents Herod made him a present of 70 talents Herod made him a present of 70 talents with a golden throne set with precious with a golden throne set with precious with a golden throne set with precious stones, and some eunuchs, and a stones, and some eunuchs, and a stones, and some eunuchs, and a concubine who was called Panychis.

concubine who was called Panychis. concubine who was called Panychis. He also paid due honors to every one of He also paid due honors to every one of He also paid due honors to every one of his friends according to their dignity. his friends according to their dignity. his friends according to their dignity. In like manner did all the king's In like manner did all the king's In like manner did all the king's kindred by his command make glorious kindred by his command make glorious kindred by his command make glorious presents to Archelaus. presents to Archelaus. presents to Archelaus. And as he was conducted on his way by And as he was conducted on his way by And as he was conducted on his way by Herod and his nobility as far as Herod and his nobility as far as Herod and his nobility as far as Antioch. Antioch. Antioch. Chapter 26. Chapter 26. Chapter 26. How Eurycles calumniated the sons of How Eurycles calumniated the sons of How Eurycles calumniated the sons of Mariamne, Mariamne, Mariamne, and how Euratus of Costs apology for and how Euratus of Costs apology for and how Euratus of Costs apology for them had no effect. Now, a little time afterward there came Now, a little time afterward there came into Judea a man that was much superior into Judea a man that was much superior into Judea a man that was much superior to Archelaus' stratagems, to Archelaus' stratagems, to Archelaus' stratagems, who did not only overturn that who did not only overturn that who did not only overturn that reconciliation that had been so wisely reconciliation that had been so wisely reconciliation that had been so wisely made with Alexander, made with Alexander, made with Alexander, but proved the occasion of his ruin. He but proved the occasion of his ruin. He but proved the occasion of his ruin. He was a Lacedaemonian, and his name was was a Lacedaemonian, and his name was was a Lacedaemonian, and his name was Eurycles. Footnote. This vile fellow, Eurycles. Footnote. This vile fellow, Eurycles. Footnote. This vile fellow, Eurycles the Lacedaemonian, seems to Eurycles the Lacedaemonian, seems to Eurycles the Lacedaemonian, seems to have been the same who is mentioned by have been the same who is mentioned by have been the same who is mentioned by Plutarch as Plutarch as Plutarch as 25 years before a companion to Mark 25 years before a companion to Mark 25 years before a companion to Mark Antony, and is living with Herod, whence Antony, and is living with Herod, whence Antony, and is living with Herod, whence he might easily insinuate himself into he might easily insinuate himself into he might easily insinuate himself into the acquaintance of Herod's sons, the acquaintance of Herod's sons, the acquaintance of Herod's sons, Antipater and Alexander, as Usher, Antipater and Alexander, as Usher, Antipater and Alexander, as Usher, Hudson, and Spanheim justly suppose.

Hudson, and Spanheim justly suppose. Hudson, and Spanheim justly suppose. The reason why his being a Spartan The reason why his being a Spartan The reason why his being a Spartan rendered him acceptable to the Jews, as rendered him acceptable to the Jews, as rendered him acceptable to the Jews, as we here see he was, is visible from the we here see he was, is visible from the we here see he was, is visible from the public records of the Jews and Spartans, public records of the Jews and Spartans, public records of the Jews and Spartans, owning those Spartans to be the kin to owning those Spartans to be the kin to owning those Spartans to be the kin to the Jews, and deriving from their common the Jews, and deriving from their common the Jews, and deriving from their common ancestor, Abraham, the first patriarch ancestor, Abraham, the first patriarch ancestor, Abraham, the first patriarch of the Jewish nation. of the Jewish nation. of the Jewish nation. End footnote. End footnote. End footnote. He was so corrupt a man that out of the He was so corrupt a man that out of the He was so corrupt a man that out of the desire of getting money, he chose to desire of getting money, he chose to desire of getting money, he chose to live under a king, live under a king, live under a king, for Greece could not suffice his luxury. for Greece could not suffice his luxury. for Greece could not suffice his luxury. He presented Herod with splendid gifts He presented Herod with splendid gifts He presented Herod with splendid gifts as a bait, which he laid in order to as a bait, which he laid in order to as a bait, which he laid in order to compass his ends, and quickly received compass his ends, and quickly received compass his ends, and quickly received them back again manifold. them back again manifold. them back again manifold. Yet, did he esteem bare gifts as Yet, did he esteem bare gifts as Yet, did he esteem bare gifts as nothing, unless he embrued the kingdom nothing, unless he embrued the kingdom nothing, unless he embrued the kingdom in blood by his purchases. in blood by his purchases. in blood by his purchases. Accordingly, he imposed upon the king by Accordingly, he imposed upon the king by Accordingly, he imposed upon the king by flattering him, and by talking subtly to flattering him, and by talking subtly to flattering him, and by talking subtly to him, and also by the lying encomiums him, and also by the lying encomiums him, and also by the lying encomiums which he made upon him. which he made upon him. which he made upon him. For he soon perceived Herod's blind For he soon perceived Herod's blind For he soon perceived Herod's blind side, as he said and did everything that side, as he said and did everything that side, as he said and did everything that might please him, might please him, might please him, and thereby became one of his most and thereby became one of his most and thereby became one of his most intimate friends. For both the king and intimate friends. For both the king and intimate friends. For both the king and all that there were about him had a all that there were about him had a all that there were about him had a great regard for this Spartan on account great regard for this Spartan on account great regard for this Spartan on account of his country.

of his country. of his country. Now, as soon as this fellow perceived Now, as soon as this fellow perceived Now, as soon as this fellow perceived the rotten parts of the family and what the rotten parts of the family and what the rotten parts of the family and what quarrels the brothers had with one quarrels the brothers had with one quarrels the brothers had with one another, and in what disposition the another, and in what disposition the another, and in what disposition the father was towards each of them, father was towards each of them, father was towards each of them, he chose to take his lodgings at first he chose to take his lodgings at first he chose to take his lodgings at first in the house of Antipater, in the house of Antipater, in the house of Antipater, but deluded Alexander but with a but deluded Alexander but with a but deluded Alexander but with a pretense of friendship to him, and pretense of friendship to him, and pretense of friendship to him, and falsely claimed to be an old falsely claimed to be an old falsely claimed to be an old acquaintance of Archelaus, acquaintance of Archelaus, acquaintance of Archelaus, for which reason he was presently for which reason he was presently for which reason he was presently admitted into Alexander's familiarity as admitted into Alexander's familiarity as admitted into Alexander's familiarity as a faithful friend. a faithful friend. a faithful friend. He also soon recommended himself to his He also soon recommended himself to his He also soon recommended himself to his brother Aristobulus. brother Aristobulus. brother Aristobulus. And when he had thus made trial of these And when he had thus made trial of these And when he had thus made trial of these several persons, he imposed upon one of several persons, he imposed upon one of several persons, he imposed upon one of them by one method and upon another by them by one method and upon another by them by one method and upon another by another. another. another. But he was principally hired by But he was principally hired by But he was principally hired by Antipater and so betrayed Alexander. Antipater and so betrayed Alexander. Antipater and so betrayed Alexander. And this by reproaching Antipater And this by reproaching Antipater And this by reproaching Antipater because because because while he was the eldest son, he while he was the eldest son, he while he was the eldest son, he overlooked the intrigues of those who overlooked the intrigues of those who overlooked the intrigues of those who stood in the way of his expectations. stood in the way of his expectations. stood in the way of his expectations. And by reproaching Alexander because he And by reproaching Alexander because he And by reproaching Alexander because he was born of a queen and was married to a was born of a queen and was married to a was born of a queen and was married to a king's daughter, permitted one that was king's daughter, permitted one that was king's daughter, permitted one that was born of a mean woman to lay claim to the born of a mean woman to lay claim to the born of a mean woman to lay claim to the succession. And this when he had succession. And this when he had succession. And this when he had Archelaus to support him in the most Archelaus to support him in the most Archelaus to support him in the most complete manner.

complete manner. complete manner. Nor was his advice thought to be other Nor was his advice thought to be other Nor was his advice thought to be other than faithful by the young man because than faithful by the young man because than faithful by the young man because of the pretended friendship with of the pretended friendship with of the pretended friendship with Archelaus. Archelaus. Archelaus. On which account it was that Alexander On which account it was that Alexander On which account it was that Alexander lamented to him Antipater's behavior in lamented to him Antipater's behavior in lamented to him Antipater's behavior in regard to himself. regard to himself. regard to himself. And this without concealing anything And this without concealing anything And this without concealing anything from him. from him. from him. And how it was no wonder if Herod, after And how it was no wonder if Herod, after And how it was no wonder if Herod, after he had killed their mother, should he had killed their mother, should he had killed their mother, should deprive them of her kingdom. deprive them of her kingdom. deprive them of her kingdom. Upon this, Eurycles pretended to Upon this, Eurycles pretended to Upon this, Eurycles pretended to commiserate his condition and to grieve commiserate his condition and to grieve commiserate his condition and to grieve with him. with him. with him. He also, by a bait that he had laid for He also, by a bait that he had laid for He also, by a bait that he had laid for him, procured Aristobulus to say the him, procured Aristobulus to say the him, procured Aristobulus to say the same things. same things. same things. Thus did he inveigle between the two Thus did he inveigle between the two Thus did he inveigle between the two brothers to make complaints of their brothers to make complaints of their brothers to make complaints of their father. father. father. And then went to Antipater and carried And then went to Antipater and carried And then went to Antipater and carried these grand secrets to him. these grand secrets to him. these grand secrets to him. He also added a fiction of his own, as He also added a fiction of his own, as He also added a fiction of his own, as if his brothers had laid a plot against if his brothers had laid a plot against if his brothers had laid a plot against him, him, him, and were almost ready to come upon him and were almost ready to come upon him and were almost ready to come upon him with their drawn swords. with their drawn swords. with their drawn swords. For this intelligence, he received a For this intelligence, he received a For this intelligence, he received a great sum of money, and on that account great sum of money, and on that account great sum of money, and on that account he commended Antipater before his he commended Antipater before his he commended Antipater before his father, and at length undertook the work father, and at length undertook the work father, and at length undertook the work of bringing Alexander and Aristobulus to of bringing Alexander and Aristobulus to of bringing Alexander and Aristobulus to their graves, their graves, their graves, and accused them before their father.

and accused them before their father. and accused them before their father. So, he came to Herod, and told him that So, he came to Herod, and told him that So, he came to Herod, and told him that he would save his life as a requital for he would save his life as a requital for he would save his life as a requital for the favors he had received from him, and the favors he had received from him, and the favors he had received from him, and he would preserve his light of life by he would preserve his light of life by he would preserve his light of life by way of retribution for his kind way of retribution for his kind way of retribution for his kind entertainment. entertainment. entertainment. For that sword had long been whetted, For that sword had long been whetted, For that sword had long been whetted, and Alexander's right hand had long and Alexander's right hand had long and Alexander's right hand had long stretched out against him, stretched out against him, stretched out against him, but that he had laid impediments in his but that he had laid impediments in his but that he had laid impediments in his way, prevented his speed, and that by way, prevented his speed, and that by way, prevented his speed, and that by pretending to assist him in his design. pretending to assist him in his design. pretending to assist him in his design. How Alexander said that Herod was not How Alexander said that Herod was not How Alexander said that Herod was not contented to reign in a kingdom that contented to reign in a kingdom that contented to reign in a kingdom that belonged to others, belonged to others, belonged to others, and to make dilapidations in their and to make dilapidations in their and to make dilapidations in their mother's government after he had killed mother's government after he had killed mother's government after he had killed her. her. her. And besides all this, that he had And besides all this, that he had And besides all this, that he had introduced a spurious successor, and introduced a spurious successor, and introduced a spurious successor, and proposed to give the kingdom of their proposed to give the kingdom of their proposed to give the kingdom of their ancestors to that pestilent fellow ancestors to that pestilent fellow ancestors to that pestilent fellow Antipater, Antipater, Antipater, and that he would now appease the ghosts and that he would now appease the ghosts and that he would now appease the ghosts of Hyrcanus and Mariamne of Hyrcanus and Mariamne of Hyrcanus and Mariamne by taking vengeance on him. by taking vengeance on him. by taking vengeance on him. For that it was not fit for him to take For that it was not fit for him to take For that it was not fit for him to take succession to the government from such a succession to the government from such a succession to the government from such a father without bloodshed.

father without bloodshed. father without bloodshed. That many things happen every day to That many things happen every day to That many things happen every day to provoke him to do so, insomuch that he provoke him to do so, insomuch that he provoke him to do so, insomuch that he can say nothing at all, but it affords can say nothing at all, but it affords can say nothing at all, but it affords occasion for calumny against him. occasion for calumny against him. occasion for calumny against him. For that if any mention be made of For that if any mention be made of For that if any mention be made of nobility of birth, even in other cases, nobility of birth, even in other cases, nobility of birth, even in other cases, he is abused unjustly, while his father he is abused unjustly, while his father he is abused unjustly, while his father would say that nobody, to be sure, is of would say that nobody, to be sure, is of would say that nobody, to be sure, is of noble birth but Alexander. noble birth but Alexander. noble birth but Alexander. And that his father was inglorious for And that his father was inglorious for And that his father was inglorious for want of such nobility. want of such nobility. want of such nobility. If there be at any time hunting, he says If there be at any time hunting, he says If there be at any time hunting, he says nothing. nothing. nothing. He gives offense, and if he commands He gives offense, and if he commands He gives offense, and if he commands anybody, they take it in way of jest. anybody, they take it in way of jest. anybody, they take it in way of jest. They also find their father unmercifully They also find their father unmercifully They also find their father unmercifully severe, severe, severe, and they have no natural affection for and they have no natural affection for and they have no natural affection for any of them but for Antipater. any of them but for Antipater. any of them but for Antipater. On which accounts, if this plot does not On which accounts, if this plot does not On which accounts, if this plot does not take, he is very willing to die. take, he is very willing to die. take, he is very willing to die. But that, in case he kills his father, But that, in case he kills his father, But that, in case he kills his father, he hath sufficient opportunities for he hath sufficient opportunities for he hath sufficient opportunities for saving himself. saving himself. saving himself. In the first place, he hath Archelaus, In the first place, he hath Archelaus, In the first place, he hath Archelaus, his father-in-law, to whom he can easily his father-in-law, to whom he can easily his father-in-law, to whom he can easily fly. fly. fly. And in the next place, he hath Caesar, And in the next place, he hath Caesar, And in the next place, he hath Caesar, who had never known Herod's character to who had never known Herod's character to who had never known Herod's character to this day.

this day. this day. For that he shall not appear then before For that he shall not appear then before For that he shall not appear then before him with that dread he used to do when him with that dread he used to do when him with that dread he used to do when his father was there to terrify him. his father was there to terrify him. his father was there to terrify him. And that he will not then produce the And that he will not then produce the And that he will not then produce the accusations that concerned himself accusations that concerned himself accusations that concerned himself alone, alone, alone, but would in the first place openly but would in the first place openly but would in the first place openly insist on the calamities of their insist on the calamities of their insist on the calamities of their nation, and how they are taxed to death, nation, and how they are taxed to death, nation, and how they are taxed to death, and in what ways of luxury and wicked and in what ways of luxury and wicked and in what ways of luxury and wicked practices that wealth is spent, which practices that wealth is spent, which practices that wealth is spent, which was gotten by bloodshed. was gotten by bloodshed. was gotten by bloodshed. What sort of persons they are that get What sort of persons they are that get What sort of persons they are that get our riches, our riches, our riches, and to whom those cities belong, upon and to whom those cities belong, upon and to whom those cities belong, upon whom he bestows his favors. whom he bestows his favors. whom he bestows his favors. That he would have inquiry made what That he would have inquiry made what That he would have inquiry made what became of his grandfather, Hyrcanus, and became of his grandfather, Hyrcanus, and became of his grandfather, Hyrcanus, and of his mother, Mariamne, of his mother, Mariamne, of his mother, Mariamne, and would openly proclaim the gross and would openly proclaim the gross and would openly proclaim the gross wickedness that was in the kingdom. On wickedness that was in the kingdom. On wickedness that was in the kingdom. On which accounts, he should not be deemed which accounts, he should not be deemed which accounts, he should not be deemed a parricide. a parricide. a parricide. When Eurycles had made this portentous When Eurycles had made this portentous When Eurycles had made this portentous speech, speech, speech, he greatly commended Antipater as the he greatly commended Antipater as the he greatly commended Antipater as the only child that had an affection for his only child that had an affection for his only child that had an affection for his father, father, father, and on that account was an impediment to and on that account was an impediment to and on that account was an impediment to the others' plot against him.

the others' plot against him. the others' plot against him. Hereupon the king, Hereupon the king, Hereupon the king, who had hardly repressed his anger upon who had hardly repressed his anger upon who had hardly repressed his anger upon the former accusations, was exasperated the former accusations, was exasperated the former accusations, was exasperated to an incurable degree. to an incurable degree. to an incurable degree. At which time Antipater took another At which time Antipater took another At which time Antipater took another occasion to send in other persons to his occasion to send in other persons to his occasion to send in other persons to his father to accuse his brethren, and to father to accuse his brethren, and to father to accuse his brethren, and to tell him that they had privately tell him that they had privately tell him that they had privately discoursed with Jucundus and Tyrannus, discoursed with Jucundus and Tyrannus, discoursed with Jucundus and Tyrannus, who had been masters of the horse to the who had been masters of the horse to the who had been masters of the horse to the king, king, king, but for some offenses had been put out but for some offenses had been put out but for some offenses had been put out of that honorable employment. of that honorable employment. of that honorable employment. Herod was in a very great rage at these Herod was in a very great rage at these Herod was in a very great rage at these informations, and presently ordered informations, and presently ordered informations, and presently ordered those men to be tortured. those men to be tortured. those men to be tortured. Yet did not they confess anything of Yet did not they confess anything of Yet did not they confess anything of what the king had been informed. what the king had been informed. what the king had been informed. But a certain letter was produced as But a certain letter was produced as But a certain letter was produced as written by Alexander to the governor of written by Alexander to the governor of written by Alexander to the governor of a castle to desire him to receive him a castle to desire him to receive him a castle to desire him to receive him and Aristobulus into the castle when he and Aristobulus into the castle when he and Aristobulus into the castle when he had killed his father and to give them had killed his father and to give them had killed his father and to give them weapons weapons weapons and what other assistance he could upon and what other assistance he could upon and what other assistance he could upon that occasion. that occasion. that occasion. Alexander said that this letter was a Alexander said that this letter was a Alexander said that this letter was a forgery of Diophantus. forgery of Diophantus. forgery of Diophantus. This Diophantus was the king's This Diophantus was the king's This Diophantus was the king's secretary, a bold man and cunning in secretary, a bold man and cunning in secretary, a bold man and cunning in counterfeiting anyone's hand.

counterfeiting anyone's hand. counterfeiting anyone's hand. And after he had counterfeited a great And after he had counterfeited a great And after he had counterfeited a great number, he was at last put to death for number, he was at last put to death for number, he was at last put to death for it. it. it. Herod did also order the governor of the Herod did also order the governor of the Herod did also order the governor of the castle to be tortured, but got nothing castle to be tortured, but got nothing castle to be tortured, but got nothing out of him of what the accusation out of him of what the accusation out of him of what the accusation suggested. suggested. suggested. However, However, However, although Herod found the proofs too although Herod found the proofs too although Herod found the proofs too weak, he gave order to keep his sons weak, he gave order to keep his sons weak, he gave order to keep his sons kept in custody kept in custody kept in custody for till now they had been at liberty. for till now they had been at liberty. for till now they had been at liberty. He also called that pest of his family He also called that pest of his family He also called that pest of his family and forger of all this vile accusation, and forger of all this vile accusation, and forger of all this vile accusation, Eurycles, his savior and benefactor, and Eurycles, his savior and benefactor, and Eurycles, his savior and benefactor, and gave him a reward of 50 talents. gave him a reward of 50 talents. gave him a reward of 50 talents. Upon which he prevented any accurate Upon which he prevented any accurate Upon which he prevented any accurate accounts that could come of what he had accounts that could come of what he had accounts that could come of what he had done by going immediately into done by going immediately into done by going immediately into Cappadocia. And there he got money of Cappadocia. And there he got money of Cappadocia. And there he got money of Archelaus, having the impudence to Archelaus, having the impudence to Archelaus, having the impudence to pretend that he had reconciled Herod to pretend that he had reconciled Herod to pretend that he had reconciled Herod to Alexander. Alexander. Alexander. He then passed over into Greece and used He then passed over into Greece and used He then passed over into Greece and used what he had thus wickedly gotten to the what he had thus wickedly gotten to the what he had thus wickedly gotten to the like wicked purposes. like wicked purposes. like wicked purposes. Accordingly, he was twice accused before Accordingly, he was twice accused before Accordingly, he was twice accused before Caesar Caesar Caesar that he had filled Achaia with sedition that he had filled Achaia with sedition that he had filled Achaia with sedition and had plundered its cities.

and had plundered its cities. and had plundered its cities. And so he was sent into banishment. And so he was sent into banishment. And so he was sent into banishment. And thus, he was punished for that And thus, he was punished for that And thus, he was punished for that wicked actions he had been guilty of wicked actions he had been guilty of wicked actions he had been guilty of about Aristobulus and Alexander. about Aristobulus and Alexander. about Aristobulus and Alexander. But, it will be worthwhile to put But, it will be worthwhile to put But, it will be worthwhile to put Eurycles of Cos in opposition to the Eurycles of Cos in opposition to the Eurycles of Cos in opposition to the Spartan. Spartan. Spartan. For, as he was one of Alexander's most For, as he was one of Alexander's most For, as he was one of Alexander's most intimate friends and came to him in his intimate friends and came to him in his intimate friends and came to him in his travels at the same time that Eurycles travels at the same time that Eurycles travels at the same time that Eurycles came, came, came, so that the king put the question to him so that the king put the question to him so that the king put the question to him whether those things of which Alexander whether those things of which Alexander whether those things of which Alexander was accused were true. was accused were true. was accused were true. He assured him upon oath that he had He assured him upon oath that he had He assured him upon oath that he had never heard any such things from the never heard any such things from the never heard any such things from the young men. young men. young men. Nor did this testimony avail nothing for Nor did this testimony avail nothing for Nor did this testimony avail nothing for the clearing of those miserable the clearing of those miserable the clearing of those miserable creatures. creatures. creatures. For Herod was only disposed and most For Herod was only disposed and most For Herod was only disposed and most ready to hearken to what made against ready to hearken to what made against ready to hearken to what made against them. And everyone was most agreeable to them. And everyone was most agreeable to them. And everyone was most agreeable to him that would believe they were guilty him that would believe they were guilty him that would believe they were guilty and showed their indignation at them. and showed their indignation at them. and showed their indignation at them. End of Book 1, Chapters 25 and 26.

Book 1, Chapters 27 and 28 of The Wars Book 1, Chapters 27 and 28 of The Wars of the Jews. of the Jews. of the Jews. This is a LibriVox recording. All This is a LibriVox recording. All This is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the public LibriVox recordings are in the public LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. domain. domain. For more information or to volunteer, For more information or to volunteer, For more information or to volunteer, please visit librivox.org. please visit librivox.org. please visit librivox.org. The Wars of the Jews by Josephus, The Wars of the Jews by Josephus, The Wars of the Jews by Josephus, translated by William Whiston. translated by William Whiston. translated by William Whiston. Book 1, Chapters 27 and 28. Book 1, Chapters 27 and 28. Book 1, Chapters 27 and 28. Chapters 27. Chapters 27. Chapters 27. Herod, by Caesar's direction, accuses Herod, by Caesar's direction, accuses Herod, by Caesar's direction, accuses his sons at Eurytus. his sons at Eurytus. his sons at Eurytus. They are not produced before the courts, They are not produced before the courts, They are not produced before the courts, but yet are condemned. but yet are condemned. but yet are condemned. And in a little time they are sent to And in a little time they are sent to And in a little time they are sent to Sebaste and strangled there. Moreover, Salome exasperated Herod's Moreover, Salome exasperated Herod's cruelty against his sons. For cruelty against his sons. For cruelty against his sons. For Aristobulus was desirous to bring her, Aristobulus was desirous to bring her, Aristobulus was desirous to bring her, who was his mother-in-law and his aunt, who was his mother-in-law and his aunt, who was his mother-in-law and his aunt, into the like dangers with themselves. into the like dangers with themselves. into the like dangers with themselves. So, he sent to her to take care of her So, he sent to her to take care of her So, he sent to her to take care of her own safety and told her that the king own safety and told her that the king own safety and told her that the king was preparing to put her to death was preparing to put her to death was preparing to put her to death on account of the accusation that was on account of the accusation that was on account of the accusation that was laid against her laid against her laid against her as if, when she formerly endeavored to as if, when she formerly endeavored to as if, when she formerly endeavored to marry herself to Syllaeus the Arabian, marry herself to Syllaeus the Arabian, marry herself to Syllaeus the Arabian, she had discovered the king's grand she had discovered the king's grand she had discovered the king's grand secrets to him, who was the king's secrets to him, who was the king's secrets to him, who was the king's enemy.

enemy. enemy. And this it was that came as the last And this it was that came as the last And this it was that came as the last storm and entirely sunk the young men storm and entirely sunk the young men storm and entirely sunk the young men when they were in great danger before. when they were in great danger before. when they were in great danger before. For Salome came running to the king and For Salome came running to the king and For Salome came running to the king and informed him of what admonition had been informed him of what admonition had been informed him of what admonition had been given her. given her. given her. Whereupon he could bear no longer, but Whereupon he could bear no longer, but Whereupon he could bear no longer, but commanded both the young men to be bound commanded both the young men to be bound commanded both the young men to be bound and kept the one asunder from the other. and kept the one asunder from the other. and kept the one asunder from the other. He also sent Volumnius, the general of He also sent Volumnius, the general of He also sent Volumnius, the general of his army, to Caesar immediately, his army, to Caesar immediately, his army, to Caesar immediately, as also his friend Olympus with him, who as also his friend Olympus with him, who as also his friend Olympus with him, who carried the informations in writing carried the informations in writing carried the informations in writing along with them. along with them. along with them. Now, as soon as they had sailed to Rome Now, as soon as they had sailed to Rome Now, as soon as they had sailed to Rome and delivered the king's letters to and delivered the king's letters to and delivered the king's letters to Caesar, Caesar, Caesar, Caesar was mightily troubled at the case Caesar was mightily troubled at the case Caesar was mightily troubled at the case of the young men. of the young men. of the young men. Yet, he did not think he ought to take Yet, he did not think he ought to take Yet, he did not think he ought to take power from the father of condemning his power from the father of condemning his power from the father of condemning his sons. sons. sons. So, he wrote back to him and appointed So, he wrote back to him and appointed So, he wrote back to him and appointed him to have the power over his sons, him to have the power over his sons, him to have the power over his sons, but said withal that he would do well to but said withal that he would do well to but said withal that he would do well to make an examination into this matter of make an examination into this matter of make an examination into this matter of the plot against him in a public court the plot against him in a public court the plot against him in a public court and to take for his assessors his own and to take for his assessors his own and to take for his assessors his own kindred and the governors of the kindred and the governors of the kindred and the governors of the province.

province. province. If those sons be found guilty, to put If those sons be found guilty, to put If those sons be found guilty, to put them to death. them to death. them to death. But if they appear to have thought of no But if they appear to have thought of no But if they appear to have thought of no more than flying away from him, that he more than flying away from him, that he more than flying away from him, that he should moderate their punishment. should moderate their punishment. should moderate their punishment. With these directions, Herod complied With these directions, Herod complied With these directions, Herod complied and came to Berytus, where Caesar had and came to Berytus, where Caesar had and came to Berytus, where Caesar had ordered the court to be assembled, and ordered the court to be assembled, and ordered the court to be assembled, and got the judicature together. got the judicature together. got the judicature together. The presidents sat first, as Caesar's The presidents sat first, as Caesar's The presidents sat first, as Caesar's letters had appointed, who were letters had appointed, who were letters had appointed, who were Saturninus and Pedanius. Saturninus and Pedanius. Saturninus and Pedanius. And their lieutenants that were with And their lieutenants that were with And their lieutenants that were with them, with whom was the procurator them, with whom was the procurator them, with whom was the procurator Volumnius also. Volumnius also. Volumnius also. Next to them sat the king's kinsmen and Next to them sat the king's kinsmen and Next to them sat the king's kinsmen and friends, friends, friends, with Salome also and Pheroras. After with Salome also and Pheroras. After with Salome also and Pheroras. After whom sat the principal men of all Syria, whom sat the principal men of all Syria, whom sat the principal men of all Syria, excepting Archelaus, for Herod had a excepting Archelaus, for Herod had a excepting Archelaus, for Herod had a suspicion of him because he was suspicion of him because he was suspicion of him because he was Alexander's father-in-law. Alexander's father-in-law. Alexander's father-in-law. Yet he did not produce his sons in open Yet he did not produce his sons in open Yet he did not produce his sons in open court. And this was done very cunningly, court. And this was done very cunningly, court. And this was done very cunningly, for he knew well enough that had they for he knew well enough that had they for he knew well enough that had they but appeared only, they would certainly but appeared only, they would certainly but appeared only, they would certainly have been pitied. And if with all they have been pitied. And if with all they have been pitied. And if with all they were suffered to speak, Alexander could were suffered to speak, Alexander could were suffered to speak, Alexander could have easily answered what they were have easily answered what they were have easily answered what they were accused of.

accused of. accused of. But they were in custody at Plataea, a But they were in custody at Plataea, a But they were in custody at Plataea, a village of the Sidonians. village of the Sidonians. village of the Sidonians. So the king got up and inveighed against So the king got up and inveighed against So the king got up and inveighed against his sons as if they were present. And as his sons as if they were present. And as his sons as if they were present. And as for that part of the accusation that for that part of the accusation that for that part of the accusation that they had plotted against him, he urged they had plotted against him, he urged they had plotted against him, he urged it but faintly because he was destitute it but faintly because he was destitute it but faintly because he was destitute of proofs. of proofs. of proofs. But he insisted before the assessors on But he insisted before the assessors on But he insisted before the assessors on their reproaches and jests and injurious their reproaches and jests and injurious their reproaches and jests and injurious carriage and 10,000 the like offenses carriage and 10,000 the like offenses carriage and 10,000 the like offenses against him, which were heavier than against him, which were heavier than against him, which were heavier than death itself. death itself. death itself. And when nobody contradicted him, he And when nobody contradicted him, he And when nobody contradicted him, he moved them to pity his case moved them to pity his case moved them to pity his case as though he had been condemned himself. as though he had been condemned himself. as though he had been condemned himself. Now he had gained a bitter victory Now he had gained a bitter victory Now he had gained a bitter victory against his sons. against his sons. against his sons. So he asked everyone's sentence, which So he asked everyone's sentence, which So he asked everyone's sentence, which sentence was first of all given by sentence was first of all given by sentence was first of all given by Saturninus and was this, Saturninus and was this, Saturninus and was this, that he condemned the young men but not that he condemned the young men but not that he condemned the young men but not to death, for that was not fit for them to death, for that was not fit for them to death, for that was not fit for them who had three sons of his own now who had three sons of his own now who had three sons of his own now present to give his vote for the present to give his vote for the present to give his vote for the destruction of the sons of another. destruction of the sons of another. destruction of the sons of another. The two lieutenants also gave the like The two lieutenants also gave the like The two lieutenants also gave the like vote.

vote. vote. And some others there were also who And some others there were also who And some others there were also who followed their example. followed their example. followed their example. But Volumnius began to vote on the more But Volumnius began to vote on the more But Volumnius began to vote on the more melancholy side. melancholy side. melancholy side. And all those that came after him And all those that came after him And all those that came after him condemned the young men to die, some out condemned the young men to die, some out condemned the young men to die, some out of flattery and some out of hatred to of flattery and some out of hatred to of flattery and some out of hatred to Herod, but none out of indignation at Herod, but none out of indignation at Herod, but none out of indignation at their crimes. their crimes. their crimes. And now all Syria and Judea was in great And now all Syria and Judea was in great And now all Syria and Judea was in great expectation and waited for the last act expectation and waited for the last act expectation and waited for the last act of this tragedy. of this tragedy. of this tragedy. Yet did nobody suppose that Herod would Yet did nobody suppose that Herod would Yet did nobody suppose that Herod would be so barbarous as to murder his be so barbarous as to murder his be so barbarous as to murder his children. children. children. However, he carried them away to Tyre However, he carried them away to Tyre However, he carried them away to Tyre and thence sailed to Caesarea and and thence sailed to Caesarea and and thence sailed to Caesarea and deliberated with himself what sort of deliberated with himself what sort of deliberated with himself what sort of death the young men should suffer. death the young men should suffer. death the young men should suffer. Now there was a certain old soldier of Now there was a certain old soldier of Now there was a certain old soldier of the king's whose name was Tero, who had the king's whose name was Tero, who had the king's whose name was Tero, who had a son that was very familiar with and a a son that was very familiar with and a a son that was very familiar with and a friend to Alexander, friend to Alexander, friend to Alexander, and who himself particularly loved the and who himself particularly loved the and who himself particularly loved the young men. young men. young men. This soldier was in a manner distracted This soldier was in a manner distracted This soldier was in a manner distracted out of the excess of the indignation he out of the excess of the indignation he out of the excess of the indignation he had at what he was doing.

had at what he was doing. had at what he was doing. And at first he cried out aloud as he And at first he cried out aloud as he And at first he cried out aloud as he went about that justice was trampled went about that justice was trampled went about that justice was trampled under foot, under foot, under foot, that truth was perished and nature that truth was perished and nature that truth was perished and nature confounded and that the life of man was confounded and that the life of man was confounded and that the life of man was full of iniquity full of iniquity full of iniquity and everything else that passion could and everything else that passion could and everything else that passion could suggest to a man who had spared not his suggest to a man who had spared not his suggest to a man who had spared not his own life. own life. own life. And at last he ventured to go to the And at last he ventured to go to the And at last he ventured to go to the king and said, king and said, king and said, "Truly, I think thou art a most "Truly, I think thou art a most "Truly, I think thou art a most miserable man when thou hearkenest to miserable man when thou hearkenest to miserable man when thou hearkenest to the most wicked wretches against those the most wicked wretches against those the most wicked wretches against those that ought to be the dearest to thee. that ought to be the dearest to thee. that ought to be the dearest to thee. Since thou hast frequently resolved that Since thou hast frequently resolved that Since thou hast frequently resolved that Pheroras and Salome should be put to Pheroras and Salome should be put to Pheroras and Salome should be put to death death death and yet believest them against thy sons. and yet believest them against thy sons. and yet believest them against thy sons. While these, by cutting off the While these, by cutting off the While these, by cutting off the succession of thine own sons, leave all succession of thine own sons, leave all succession of thine own sons, leave all wholly to Antipater wholly to Antipater wholly to Antipater and thereby choose to have thee such a and thereby choose to have thee such a and thereby choose to have thee such a king as may be thoroughly in their own king as may be thoroughly in their own king as may be thoroughly in their own power. power. power. However, consider whether this death of However, consider whether this death of However, consider whether this death of Antipater's brethren will not make him Antipater's brethren will not make him Antipater's brethren will not make him hated by the soldiers. hated by the soldiers. hated by the soldiers. For there is nobody but commiserates the For there is nobody but commiserates the For there is nobody but commiserates the young men and of the captains a great young men and of the captains a great young men and of the captains a great many show their indignation at it many show their indignation at it many show their indignation at it openly.

openly. openly. Upon his saying this, he named those Upon his saying this, he named those Upon his saying this, he named those that had such indignation. that had such indignation. that had such indignation. But the king ordered those men with Tero But the king ordered those men with Tero But the king ordered those men with Tero himself and his son to be seized upon himself and his son to be seized upon himself and his son to be seized upon immediately. immediately. immediately. At which time there was a certain barber At which time there was a certain barber At which time there was a certain barber whose name was Trypho. whose name was Trypho. whose name was Trypho. This man leaped out from among the This man leaped out from among the This man leaped out from among the people in a kind of madness and accused people in a kind of madness and accused people in a kind of madness and accused himself saying, "This Tero endeavored to himself saying, "This Tero endeavored to himself saying, "This Tero endeavored to persuade me also to cut thy throat with persuade me also to cut thy throat with persuade me also to cut thy throat with my razor when I trimmed thee and my razor when I trimmed thee and my razor when I trimmed thee and promised that Alexander should give me promised that Alexander should give me promised that Alexander should give me large presents for so doing." large presents for so doing." large presents for so doing." When Herod heard this, he examined Tero When Herod heard this, he examined Tero When Herod heard this, he examined Tero with his son and the barber by the with his son and the barber by the with his son and the barber by the torture. torture. torture. But as the others denied the accusation, But as the others denied the accusation, But as the others denied the accusation, he said nothing further. he said nothing further. he said nothing further. Herod gave order that Tero should be Herod gave order that Tero should be Herod gave order that Tero should be racked most severely. racked most severely. racked most severely. But his son, out of pity to his father, But his son, out of pity to his father, But his son, out of pity to his father, promised to discover the whole to the promised to discover the whole to the promised to discover the whole to the king if he would grant that his father king if he would grant that his father king if he would grant that his father should no longer be tortured. should no longer be tortured. should no longer be tortured. When he had agreed to this, he said that When he had agreed to this, he said that When he had agreed to this, he said that his father, at the persuasion of his father, at the persuasion of his father, at the persuasion of Alexander, had an intention to kill him.

Alexander, had an intention to kill him. Alexander, had an intention to kill him. Now some said this was forged in order Now some said this was forged in order Now some said this was forged in order to free his father from his torments and to free his father from his torments and to free his father from his torments and some said that it was true. some said that it was true. some said that it was true. And now Herod accused the captains and And now Herod accused the captains and And now Herod accused the captains and Tero in an assembly of the people and he Tero in an assembly of the people and he Tero in an assembly of the people and he brought the people together in a body brought the people together in a body brought the people together in a body against them against them against them and accordingly they were put to death and accordingly they were put to death and accordingly they were put to death together with Trypho the barber. together with Trypho the barber. together with Trypho the barber. They were killed by the pieces of wood They were killed by the pieces of wood They were killed by the pieces of wood and stones that were thrown at them. and stones that were thrown at them. and stones that were thrown at them. He also sent his sons to Sebaste, a city He also sent his sons to Sebaste, a city He also sent his sons to Sebaste, a city not far from Caesarea, and ordered them not far from Caesarea, and ordered them not far from Caesarea, and ordered them there strangled. there strangled. there strangled. And as what he had ordered was executed And as what he had ordered was executed And as what he had ordered was executed immediately, immediately, immediately, so he commanded that their dead bodies so he commanded that their dead bodies so he commanded that their dead bodies should be brought to the fortress should be brought to the fortress should be brought to the fortress Alexandrium to be buried with Alexander, Alexandrium to be buried with Alexander, Alexandrium to be buried with Alexander, their grandfather by the mother's side. their grandfather by the mother's side. their grandfather by the mother's side. And this was the end of Alexander and And this was the end of Alexander and And this was the end of Alexander and Aristobulus. Chapter 28 Chapter 28 How Antipater is hated of all men, and How Antipater is hated of all men, and How Antipater is hated of all men, and how the king expels the sons of those how the king expels the sons of those how the king expels the sons of those who had been slain to his kindred, who had been slain to his kindred, who had been slain to his kindred, but that Antipater made him change them but that Antipater made him change them but that Antipater made him change them for other women.

for other women. for other women. Of Herod's marriages and children. Of Herod's marriages and children. Of Herod's marriages and children. But an intolerable hatred fell upon But an intolerable hatred fell upon But an intolerable hatred fell upon Antipater from the nation, Antipater from the nation, Antipater from the nation, though he had now an indisputable title though he had now an indisputable title though he had now an indisputable title to the succession, to the succession, to the succession, because they all knew that he was the because they all knew that he was the because they all knew that he was the person who contrived all the calumnies person who contrived all the calumnies person who contrived all the calumnies against his brethren. against his brethren. against his brethren. However, he began to be in a terrible However, he began to be in a terrible However, he began to be in a terrible fear, as he saw the posterity of those fear, as he saw the posterity of those fear, as he saw the posterity of those who had been slain growing up. who had been slain growing up. who had been slain growing up. For Alexander had two sons by Glaphyra, For Alexander had two sons by Glaphyra, For Alexander had two sons by Glaphyra, Tigranes and Alexander, Tigranes and Alexander, Tigranes and Alexander, and Aristobulus had Herod and Agrippa, and Aristobulus had Herod and Agrippa, and Aristobulus had Herod and Agrippa, and Aristobulus his sons with Herodias and Aristobulus his sons with Herodias and Aristobulus his sons with Herodias and Mariamne his daughters, and all by and Mariamne his daughters, and all by and Mariamne his daughters, and all by Berenice, Salome's daughter. Berenice, Salome's daughter. Berenice, Salome's daughter. As for Glaphyra, Herod, as soon as he As for Glaphyra, Herod, as soon as he As for Glaphyra, Herod, as soon as he had killed Alexander, sent her back had killed Alexander, sent her back had killed Alexander, sent her back together with her portion to Cappadocia. together with her portion to Cappadocia. together with her portion to Cappadocia. He married Berenice, Aristobulus's He married Berenice, Aristobulus's He married Berenice, Aristobulus's daughter, to Antipater's uncle by his daughter, to Antipater's uncle by his daughter, to Antipater's uncle by his mother. mother. mother. And it was Antipater who, in order to And it was Antipater who, in order to And it was Antipater who, in order to reconcile her to him, when she had been reconcile her to him, when she had been reconcile her to him, when she had been at variance with him, contrived this at variance with him, contrived this at variance with him, contrived this match.

match. match. He also got into Pheroras's favor and He also got into Pheroras's favor and He also got into Pheroras's favor and into the favor of Caesar's friends by into the favor of Caesar's friends by into the favor of Caesar's friends by presents and other ways of presents and other ways of presents and other ways of obsequiousness, and sent no small sums obsequiousness, and sent no small sums obsequiousness, and sent no small sums of money to Rome. of money to Rome. of money to Rome. Saturninus also and his friends in Syria Saturninus also and his friends in Syria Saturninus also and his friends in Syria were all well replenished with the were all well replenished with the were all well replenished with the presents he made them. presents he made them. presents he made them. Yet, the more he gave, the more he was Yet, the more he gave, the more he was Yet, the more he gave, the more he was hated, hated, hated, as not making these presents out of as not making these presents out of as not making these presents out of generosity, but spending his money out generosity, but spending his money out generosity, but spending his money out of fear. of fear. of fear. Accordingly, it so fell out that the Accordingly, it so fell out that the Accordingly, it so fell out that the receivers bore him no more goodwill than receivers bore him no more goodwill than receivers bore him no more goodwill than before, before, before, but that those to whom he gave nothing but that those to whom he gave nothing but that those to whom he gave nothing were his more bitter enemies. were his more bitter enemies. were his more bitter enemies. However, he bestowed his money every day However, he bestowed his money every day However, he bestowed his money every day more and more profusely. On observing more and more profusely. On observing more and more profusely. On observing that, contrary to his expectations, that, contrary to his expectations, that, contrary to his expectations, the king was taking care about the the king was taking care about the the king was taking care about the orphans, orphans, orphans, and discovering at the same time his and discovering at the same time his and discovering at the same time his repentance for killing their fathers repentance for killing their fathers repentance for killing their fathers by his commiseration of those that by his commiseration of those that by his commiseration of those that sprang from them. sprang from them. sprang from them. Accordingly, Herod got together his Accordingly, Herod got together his Accordingly, Herod got together his kindred and friends, and set before them kindred and friends, and set before them kindred and friends, and set before them the children, the children, the children, and with his eyes full of tears, said and with his eyes full of tears, said and with his eyes full of tears, said thus to them, thus to them, thus to them, "It was an unlucky fate that took away "It was an unlucky fate that took away "It was an unlucky fate that took away from me these children's fathers, which from me these children's fathers, which from me these children's fathers, which children are recommended to me by their children are recommended to me by their children are recommended to me by their natural commiseration, which their natural commiseration, which their natural commiseration, which their orphan condition requires.

orphan condition requires. orphan condition requires. However, I will endeavor, though I have However, I will endeavor, though I have However, I will endeavor, though I have been a most unfortunate father, to been a most unfortunate father, to been a most unfortunate father, to appear a better grandfather, appear a better grandfather, appear a better grandfather, and to leave these children such and to leave these children such and to leave these children such curators after myself as are dearest to curators after myself as are dearest to curators after myself as are dearest to me. me. me. I therefore betroth thy daughter, I therefore betroth thy daughter, I therefore betroth thy daughter, Pheroras, to the elder of these Pheroras, to the elder of these Pheroras, to the elder of these brethren, brethren, brethren, the children of Alexander, that thou the children of Alexander, that thou the children of Alexander, that thou mayest be obliged to take care of them. mayest be obliged to take care of them. mayest be obliged to take care of them. I also betroth thy son, Antipater, to I also betroth thy son, Antipater, to I also betroth thy son, Antipater, to the daughter of Aristobulus. the daughter of Aristobulus. the daughter of Aristobulus. Be thou therefore a father to that Be thou therefore a father to that Be thou therefore a father to that orphan. orphan. orphan. And my son, Herod Philip, And my son, Herod Philip, And my son, Herod Philip, shall have her sister, whose shall have her sister, whose shall have her sister, whose grandfather, by the mother's side, was grandfather, by the mother's side, was grandfather, by the mother's side, was high priest. high priest. high priest. And let everyone that loves me be of my And let everyone that loves me be of my And let everyone that loves me be of my sentiments in these dispositions, sentiments in these dispositions, sentiments in these dispositions, which none that hath an affection for me which none that hath an affection for me which none that hath an affection for me will abrogate. will abrogate. will abrogate. And I pray God that he will join these And I pray God that he will join these And I pray God that he will join these children together in marriage to the children together in marriage to the children together in marriage to the advantage of my kingdom and of my advantage of my kingdom and of my advantage of my kingdom and of my posterity. posterity. posterity. And may he look down with eyes more And may he look down with eyes more And may he look down with eyes more serene upon them than he looked upon serene upon them than he looked upon serene upon them than he looked upon their fathers."

their fathers." their fathers." While he spake these words, he wept, and While he spake these words, he wept, and While he spake these words, he wept, and joined the children's right hands joined the children's right hands joined the children's right hands together. together. together. After which he embraced them every one After which he embraced them every one After which he embraced them every one after an affectionate manner, and after an affectionate manner, and after an affectionate manner, and dismissed the assembly. dismissed the assembly. dismissed the assembly. Upon this, Antipater was in great Upon this, Antipater was in great Upon this, Antipater was in great disorder immediately and lamented disorder immediately and lamented disorder immediately and lamented publicly at what was done. publicly at what was done. publicly at what was done. For he supposed that his dignity, which For he supposed that his dignity, which For he supposed that his dignity, which was conferred on these orphans, was for was conferred on these orphans, was for was conferred on these orphans, was for his own destruction even in his father's his own destruction even in his father's his own destruction even in his father's lifetime, and that he should run another lifetime, and that he should run another lifetime, and that he should run another risk of losing the government if risk of losing the government if risk of losing the government if Alexander's son should have both Alexander's son should have both Alexander's son should have both Archelaus, a king, and Pheroras, a Archelaus, a king, and Pheroras, a Archelaus, a king, and Pheroras, a tetrarch, to support them. tetrarch, to support them. tetrarch, to support them. He also considered how he was himself He also considered how he was himself He also considered how he was himself hated by the nation and how they pitied hated by the nation and how they pitied hated by the nation and how they pitied these orphans, how great affection the these orphans, how great affection the these orphans, how great affection the Jews bear to those brethren of his when Jews bear to those brethren of his when Jews bear to those brethren of his when they were alive, and how gladly they they were alive, and how gladly they they were alive, and how gladly they remembered them now that they had remembered them now that they had remembered them now that they had perished by his means. perished by his means. perished by his means. So, he resolved by all the ways possible So, he resolved by all the ways possible So, he resolved by all the ways possible to get these espousals dissolved. to get these espousals dissolved. to get these espousals dissolved. Now, he was afraid of going subtly about Now, he was afraid of going subtly about Now, he was afraid of going subtly about the matter with his father, the matter with his father, the matter with his father, who was hard to be pleased and was who was hard to be pleased and was who was hard to be pleased and was presently moved upon the least presently moved upon the least presently moved upon the least suspicion.

suspicion. suspicion. So, he ventured to go to him directly So, he ventured to go to him directly So, he ventured to go to him directly and to beg of him before his face not to and to beg of him before his face not to and to beg of him before his face not to deprive him of that dignity which he had deprive him of that dignity which he had deprive him of that dignity which he had been pleased to bestow upon him, and been pleased to bestow upon him, and been pleased to bestow upon him, and that he might not have the bare name of that he might not have the bare name of that he might not have the bare name of a king while the power was in another a king while the power was in another a king while the power was in another person's. person's. person's. For that, he should never be able to For that, he should never be able to For that, he should never be able to keep the government if Alexander's son keep the government if Alexander's son keep the government if Alexander's son was to have both his grandfather was to have both his grandfather was to have both his grandfather Archelaus and Pheroras for his curators. Archelaus and Pheroras for his curators. Archelaus and Pheroras for his curators. And he besought him earnestly, since And he besought him earnestly, since And he besought him earnestly, since there was so many of the royal family there was so many of the royal family there was so many of the royal family alive, that he would change those alive, that he would change those alive, that he would change those intended marriages. intended marriages. intended marriages. Now, the king had nine wives. Now, the king had nine wives. Now, the king had nine wives. Footnote. Dean Aldrich takes notice here Footnote. Dean Aldrich takes notice here Footnote. Dean Aldrich takes notice here that these nine wives of Herod were that these nine wives of Herod were that these nine wives of Herod were alive at the same time, and that if the alive at the same time, and that if the alive at the same time, and that if the celebrated Mariamne, who is now dead, be celebrated Mariamne, who is now dead, be celebrated Mariamne, who is now dead, be reckoned, those wives were in all 10. reckoned, those wives were in all 10. reckoned, those wives were in all 10. Yet, it is remarkable that he he had no Yet, it is remarkable that he he had no Yet, it is remarkable that he he had no more than 15 children by them all. more than 15 children by them all. more than 15 children by them all. End of footnote. And children by seven End of footnote. And children by seven End of footnote. And children by seven of them. Antipater was himself born of of them. Antipater was himself born of of them. Antipater was himself born of Doris and Herod Philip of Mariamne, the Doris and Herod Philip of Mariamne, the Doris and Herod Philip of Mariamne, the high priest's daughter.

high priest's daughter. high priest's daughter. Antipas also and Archelaus were by Antipas also and Archelaus were by Antipas also and Archelaus were by Malthace, the Samaritan, Malthace, the Samaritan, Malthace, the Samaritan, as was his daughter Olympias, as was his daughter Olympias, as was his daughter Olympias, which his brother Joseph's son had which his brother Joseph's son had which his brother Joseph's son had married. married. married. Footnote: Footnote: Footnote: To prevent confusion, it may not be To prevent confusion, it may not be To prevent confusion, it may not be amiss with Dean Aldrich to distinguish amiss with Dean Aldrich to distinguish amiss with Dean Aldrich to distinguish between the four Josephs in the history between the four Josephs in the history between the four Josephs in the history of Herod. of Herod. of Herod. One, One, One, Joseph, Herod's uncle and the second Joseph, Herod's uncle and the second Joseph, Herod's uncle and the second husband of his sister Salome, slain by husband of his sister Salome, slain by husband of his sister Salome, slain by Herod on account of a Mariamne. Herod on account of a Mariamne. Herod on account of a Mariamne. Two, Joseph, Herod's quaestor or Two, Joseph, Herod's quaestor or Two, Joseph, Herod's quaestor or treasurer, slain on the same account. treasurer, slain on the same account. treasurer, slain on the same account. Three, Joseph, Herod's brother, slain in Three, Joseph, Herod's brother, slain in Three, Joseph, Herod's brother, slain in battle against Antigonus. battle against Antigonus. battle against Antigonus. Four, Joseph, Four, Joseph, Four, Joseph, Herod's nephew, Herod's nephew, Herod's nephew, the husband of Olympias mentioned in the husband of Olympias mentioned in the husband of Olympias mentioned in this place. this place. this place. End footnote. End footnote. End footnote. By Cleopatra of Jerusalem, he had Herod By Cleopatra of Jerusalem, he had Herod By Cleopatra of Jerusalem, he had Herod and Philip. By Pallas, Phasaelis. and Philip. By Pallas, Phasaelis. and Philip. By Pallas, Phasaelis. He had also two daughters, Roxana and He had also two daughters, Roxana and He had also two daughters, Roxana and Salome, the one by Phedra, the other by Salome, the one by Phedra, the other by Salome, the one by Phedra, the other by Elpis.

Elpis. Elpis. He had also two wives that had no He had also two wives that had no He had also two wives that had no children, the one his first cousin and children, the one his first cousin and children, the one his first cousin and the other his niece. the other his niece. the other his niece. And besides these, he had two daughters, And besides these, he had two daughters, And besides these, he had two daughters, the sisters of Alexander and Aristobulus the sisters of Alexander and Aristobulus the sisters of Alexander and Aristobulus by Mariamne. by Mariamne. by Mariamne. Since therefore the royal family was so Since therefore the royal family was so Since therefore the royal family was so numerous, Antipater prayed him to change numerous, Antipater prayed him to change numerous, Antipater prayed him to change these intended marriages. these intended marriages. these intended marriages. When the king perceived what disposition When the king perceived what disposition When the king perceived what disposition he was in towards these orphans, he was he was in towards these orphans, he was he was in towards these orphans, he was angry at it, and a suspicion came into angry at it, and a suspicion came into angry at it, and a suspicion came into his mind his mind his mind as to those sons whom he had put to as to those sons whom he had put to as to those sons whom he had put to death, whether they had not been brought death, whether they had not been brought death, whether they had not been brought about by the false tales of Antipater. about by the false tales of Antipater. about by the false tales of Antipater. And so at that time he made Antipater a And so at that time he made Antipater a And so at that time he made Antipater a long and peevish answer and bid him be long and peevish answer and bid him be long and peevish answer and bid him be gone. gone. gone. Yet he was afterwards prevailed upon Yet he was afterwards prevailed upon Yet he was afterwards prevailed upon cunningly by his flatteries and changed cunningly by his flatteries and changed cunningly by his flatteries and changed the marriages. the marriages. the marriages. He married Aristobulus' daughter to him He married Aristobulus' daughter to him He married Aristobulus' daughter to him and his son to Pheroras' daughter. and his son to Pheroras' daughter. and his son to Pheroras' daughter. Now, one may learn in this instance how Now, one may learn in this instance how Now, one may learn in this instance how very much this flattering Antipater very much this flattering Antipater very much this flattering Antipater could do, could do, could do, even what Salome in the like even what Salome in the like even what Salome in the like circumstances could not do.

circumstances could not do. circumstances could not do. For when she, who was his sister and For when she, who was his sister and For when she, who was his sister and who, by the means of Julia, Caesar's who, by the means of Julia, Caesar's who, by the means of Julia, Caesar's wife, earnestly desired leave to be wife, earnestly desired leave to be wife, earnestly desired leave to be married to Syllaeus the Arabian, married to Syllaeus the Arabian, married to Syllaeus the Arabian, Herod swore that he would esteem her his Herod swore that he would esteem her his Herod swore that he would esteem her his bitter enemy unless she would leave off bitter enemy unless she would leave off bitter enemy unless she would leave off that project. that project. that project. He also caused her, against her own He also caused her, against her own He also caused her, against her own consent, to be married to Alexis, a consent, to be married to Alexis, a consent, to be married to Alexis, a friend of his, friend of his, friend of his, and that one of her daughters should be and that one of her daughters should be and that one of her daughters should be married to Alexis' son, married to Alexis' son, married to Alexis' son, and the other to Antipater's uncle by and the other to Antipater's uncle by and the other to Antipater's uncle by the mother's side. the mother's side. the mother's side. And for the daughters the king had by And for the daughters the king had by And for the daughters the king had by Mariamne, the one was married to Mariamne, the one was married to Mariamne, the one was married to Antipater, his sister's son, and the Antipater, his sister's son, and the Antipater, his sister's son, and the other to his brother's son, Phasaelis. other to his brother's son, Phasaelis. other to his brother's son, Phasaelis. End of Book 1, Chapters 27 and 28. Book 1, Chapters 29 and 30 of The Wars Book 1, Chapters 29 and 30 of The Wars of the Jews. of the Jews. of the Jews. This is a LibriVox recording. This is a LibriVox recording. This is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the All LibriVox recordings are in the All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain.

public domain. public domain. For more information or to volunteer, For more information or to volunteer, For more information or to volunteer, please visit librivox.org. please visit librivox.org. please visit librivox.org. The Wars of the Jews by Josephus, The Wars of the Jews by Josephus, The Wars of the Jews by Josephus, translated by William Whiston. translated by William Whiston. translated by William Whiston. Book 1, Chapters 29 and 30. Book 1, Chapters 29 and 30. Book 1, Chapters 29 and 30. Chapter 29. Chapter 29. Chapter 29. Antipater becomes intolerable. Antipater becomes intolerable. Antipater becomes intolerable. He is sent to Rome and carries Herod's He is sent to Rome and carries Herod's He is sent to Rome and carries Herod's testament with him. testament with him. testament with him. Pheroras leaves his brother that he may Pheroras leaves his brother that he may Pheroras leaves his brother that he may keep his wife. keep his wife. keep his wife. He dies at home. He dies at home. He dies at home. Now, when Antipater had cut off the Now, when Antipater had cut off the Now, when Antipater had cut off the hopes of the orphans and had contracted hopes of the orphans and had contracted hopes of the orphans and had contracted such affinities as would be most for his such affinities as would be most for his such affinities as would be most for his own advantage, he proceeded briskly as own advantage, he proceeded briskly as own advantage, he proceeded briskly as having a certain expectation of the having a certain expectation of the having a certain expectation of the kingdom. kingdom. kingdom. And as he had now assurance added to his And as he had now assurance added to his And as he had now assurance added to his wickedness, he became intolerable. For wickedness, he became intolerable. For wickedness, he became intolerable. For not being able to avoid the hatred of not being able to avoid the hatred of not being able to avoid the hatred of all people, he built his security upon all people, he built his security upon all people, he built his security upon the terror he struck into them. the terror he struck into them. the terror he struck into them. Pheroras also assisted him in his Pheroras also assisted him in his Pheroras also assisted him in his designs, looking upon him as already designs, looking upon him as already designs, looking upon him as already fixed in the kingdom. fixed in the kingdom. fixed in the kingdom. There was also a company of women in the There was also a company of women in the There was also a company of women in the court, which excited new disturbances.

court, which excited new disturbances. court, which excited new disturbances. For Pheroras's wife, together with her For Pheroras's wife, together with her For Pheroras's wife, together with her mother and sister, as also Antipater's mother and sister, as also Antipater's mother and sister, as also Antipater's mother, grew very impudent in the mother, grew very impudent in the mother, grew very impudent in the palace. palace. palace. She also was so insolent as to affront She also was so insolent as to affront She also was so insolent as to affront the king's two daughters. Footnote: the king's two daughters. Footnote: the king's two daughters. Footnote: These daughters of Herod, whom These daughters of Herod, whom These daughters of Herod, whom Pheroras's wife affronted, were Salome Pheroras's wife affronted, were Salome Pheroras's wife affronted, were Salome and Roxana, two virgins who were born to and Roxana, two virgins who were born to and Roxana, two virgins who were born to him of his two wives, Elpide and him of his two wives, Elpide and him of his two wives, Elpide and Phaedra. Phaedra. Phaedra. End footnote. End footnote. End footnote. On which account the king hated her to a On which account the king hated her to a On which account the king hated her to a great degree. Yet although these women great degree. Yet although these women great degree. Yet although these women were hated by him, they domineered over were hated by him, they domineered over were hated by him, they domineered over others. There was only Salome who others. There was only Salome who others. There was only Salome who opposed their good agreement and opposed their good agreement and opposed their good agreement and informed the king of their meetings as informed the king of their meetings as informed the king of their meetings as not being for the advantage of his not being for the advantage of his not being for the advantage of his affairs. affairs. affairs. And when those women knew what calumnies And when those women knew what calumnies And when those women knew what calumnies she had raised against them and how much she had raised against them and how much she had raised against them and how much Herod was displeased, they left off Herod was displeased, they left off Herod was displeased, they left off their public meetings and friendly their public meetings and friendly their public meetings and friendly entertainments of one another. entertainments of one another. entertainments of one another. Nay, on the contrary, they pretended to Nay, on the contrary, they pretended to Nay, on the contrary, they pretended to quarrel one with another while the king quarrel one with another while the king quarrel one with another while the king was within hearing. was within hearing. was within hearing. The like dissimulation did Antipater The like dissimulation did Antipater The like dissimulation did Antipater make use of, and when matters were make use of, and when matters were make use of, and when matters were public, he opposed Pheroras, but still public, he opposed Pheroras, but still public, he opposed Pheroras, but still they had private cabals and merry they had private cabals and merry they had private cabals and merry meetings in the night time.

meetings in the night time. meetings in the night time. Nor did the observation of others do any Nor did the observation of others do any Nor did the observation of others do any more than confirm their mutual more than confirm their mutual more than confirm their mutual agreement. agreement. agreement. However, Salome knew everything they did However, Salome knew everything they did However, Salome knew everything they did and told everything to Herod. and told everything to Herod. and told everything to Herod. But he was inflamed with anger at them, But he was inflamed with anger at them, But he was inflamed with anger at them, and chiefly at for wife, for Salome had and chiefly at for wife, for Salome had and chiefly at for wife, for Salome had principally accused her. principally accused her. principally accused her. So, he got an assembly of his friends So, he got an assembly of his friends So, he got an assembly of his friends and kindred together, and there accused and kindred together, and there accused and kindred together, and there accused this woman of many things, and this woman of many things, and this woman of many things, and particularly of the affront she had particularly of the affront she had particularly of the affront she had offered his daughters, offered his daughters, offered his daughters, and that she had supplied the Pharisees and that she had supplied the Pharisees and that she had supplied the Pharisees with money by way of rewards for what with money by way of rewards for what with money by way of rewards for what they had done against him, they had done against him, they had done against him, and had procured his brother to become and had procured his brother to become and had procured his brother to become his enemy by giving him love potions. his enemy by giving him love potions. his enemy by giving him love potions. At length, he turned his speech to At length, he turned his speech to At length, he turned his speech to Pheroras, and told him that he would Pheroras, and told him that he would Pheroras, and told him that he would give him his choice of these two things, give him his choice of these two things, give him his choice of these two things, whether he would keep in with his whether he would keep in with his whether he would keep in with his brother or with his wife. brother or with his wife. brother or with his wife. And when Pheroras said that he would die And when Pheroras said that he would die And when Pheroras said that he would die rather than forsake his wife, Herod, not rather than forsake his wife, Herod, not rather than forsake his wife, Herod, not knowing what to do further in that knowing what to do further in that knowing what to do further in that matter, turned his speech to Antipater, matter, turned his speech to Antipater, matter, turned his speech to Antipater, and charged him to have no intercourse and charged him to have no intercourse and charged him to have no intercourse either with Pheroras's wife or with either with Pheroras's wife or with either with Pheroras's wife or with Pheroras himself, or with anyone Pheroras himself, or with anyone Pheroras himself, or with anyone belonging to her.

belonging to her. belonging to her. Now, though, Antipater did not Now, though, Antipater did not Now, though, Antipater did not transgress that his injunction publicly, transgress that his injunction publicly, transgress that his injunction publicly, yet did he in secret come to their night yet did he in secret come to their night yet did he in secret come to their night meetings, and because he was afraid that meetings, and because he was afraid that meetings, and because he was afraid that Salome observed what he did, he Salome observed what he did, he Salome observed what he did, he procured, by the means of his Italian procured, by the means of his Italian procured, by the means of his Italian friends, so that he might go and live at friends, so that he might go and live at friends, so that he might go and live at Rome. Rome. Rome. For when they wrote that it was proper For when they wrote that it was proper For when they wrote that it was proper for Antipater to be sent to Caesar for for Antipater to be sent to Caesar for for Antipater to be sent to Caesar for some time, Herod made no delay, but sent some time, Herod made no delay, but sent some time, Herod made no delay, but sent him, and that with a splendid attendance him, and that with a splendid attendance him, and that with a splendid attendance and a great deal of money, and gave him and a great deal of money, and gave him and a great deal of money, and gave him his testament to carry with him. his testament to carry with him. his testament to carry with him. Wherein Antipater had the kingdom Wherein Antipater had the kingdom Wherein Antipater had the kingdom bequeathed to him, and wherein Herod was bequeathed to him, and wherein Herod was bequeathed to him, and wherein Herod was named for Antipater's successor, named for Antipater's successor, named for Antipater's successor, that Herod I mean, who was the son of that Herod I mean, who was the son of that Herod I mean, who was the son of Mariamne, the high priest's daughter. Syllaeus also, the Arabian, sailed to Syllaeus also, the Arabian, sailed to Rome without any regard to Caesar's Rome without any regard to Caesar's Rome without any regard to Caesar's injunctions, injunctions, injunctions, and this in order to oppose Antipater and this in order to oppose Antipater and this in order to oppose Antipater with all his might, as to that lawsuit with all his might, as to that lawsuit with all his might, as to that lawsuit which Nicolaus had with him before. which Nicolaus had with him before. which Nicolaus had with him before. This Syllaeus had a great contest with This Syllaeus had a great contest with This Syllaeus had a great contest with Aretas, his own king, for he had slain Aretas, his own king, for he had slain Aretas, his own king, for he had slain many others of Aretas's friends, and many others of Aretas's friends, and many others of Aretas's friends, and particularly Sohemus, the most potent particularly Sohemus, the most potent particularly Sohemus, the most potent man in the city Petra.

man in the city Petra. man in the city Petra. Moreover, he had prevailed with Moreover, he had prevailed with Moreover, he had prevailed with Pheroras, who was Herod's steward, by Pheroras, who was Herod's steward, by Pheroras, who was Herod's steward, by giving him a great sum of money to giving him a great sum of money to giving him a great sum of money to assist him against Herod. assist him against Herod. assist him against Herod. But when Herod gave him more, he induced But when Herod gave him more, he induced But when Herod gave him more, he induced him to leave Salome, and by this means him to leave Salome, and by this means him to leave Salome, and by this means he demanded of him all that Caesar had he demanded of him all that Caesar had he demanded of him all that Caesar had required of him to pay. required of him to pay. required of him to pay. But when Salome paid nothing of what he But when Salome paid nothing of what he But when Salome paid nothing of what he was to pay, and did also accuse Pheroras was to pay, and did also accuse Pheroras was to pay, and did also accuse Pheroras to Caesar, and said that he was not a to Caesar, and said that he was not a to Caesar, and said that he was not a steward for Caesar's advantage, but for steward for Caesar's advantage, but for steward for Caesar's advantage, but for Herod's, Herod's, Herod's, Pheroras was angry at him on that Pheroras was angry at him on that Pheroras was angry at him on that account, but was still in very great account, but was still in very great account, but was still in very great esteem with Herod, and discovered esteem with Herod, and discovered esteem with Herod, and discovered Salome's grand secrets, and told the Salome's grand secrets, and told the Salome's grand secrets, and told the king that Salome had corrupted king that Salome had corrupted king that Salome had corrupted Corinthus, one of the guards of his Corinthus, one of the guards of his Corinthus, one of the guards of his body, by bribing him, and of whom he body, by bribing him, and of whom he body, by bribing him, and of whom he must therefore have a care. must therefore have a care. must therefore have a care. Accordingly, the king complied. For this Accordingly, the king complied. For this Accordingly, the king complied. For this Corinthus, though he was brought up in Corinthus, though he was brought up in Corinthus, though he was brought up in Herod's kingdom, yet he was by birth an Herod's kingdom, yet he was by birth an Herod's kingdom, yet he was by birth an Arabian. So, the king ordered him to be Arabian. So, the king ordered him to be Arabian. So, the king ordered him to be taken up immediately, and not only him, taken up immediately, and not only him, taken up immediately, and not only him, but two other Arabians who were caught but two other Arabians who were caught but two other Arabians who were caught with him. with him. with him. The one of them was Salome's friend, the The one of them was Salome's friend, the The one of them was Salome's friend, the other the head of a tribe.

other the head of a tribe. other the head of a tribe. These last, being put to the torture, These last, being put to the torture, These last, being put to the torture, confessed that they had prevailed with confessed that they had prevailed with confessed that they had prevailed with Corinthus for a large sum of money to Corinthus for a large sum of money to Corinthus for a large sum of money to kill Herod. And when they had been kill Herod. And when they had been kill Herod. And when they had been further examined before Saturninus, the further examined before Saturninus, the further examined before Saturninus, the president of Syria, they were sent to president of Syria, they were sent to president of Syria, they were sent to Rome. Rome. Rome. However, Herod did not leave off However, Herod did not leave off However, Herod did not leave off importuning Pheroras, but proceeded to importuning Pheroras, but proceeded to importuning Pheroras, but proceeded to force him to put away his wife. force him to put away his wife. force him to put away his wife. Footnote. This strange obstinacy of Footnote. This strange obstinacy of Footnote. This strange obstinacy of Pheroras in retaining his wife, who was Pheroras in retaining his wife, who was Pheroras in retaining his wife, who was one of a low family, and refusing to one of a low family, and refusing to one of a low family, and refusing to marry one nearly related to Herod, marry one nearly related to Herod, marry one nearly related to Herod, though he so earnestly desired it, though he so earnestly desired it, though he so earnestly desired it, as also that wife's admission to the as also that wife's admission to the as also that wife's admission to the councils of the other great court councils of the other great court councils of the other great court ladies, together with Herod's own ladies, together with Herod's own ladies, together with Herod's own importunity as to Pheroras's divorce and importunity as to Pheroras's divorce and importunity as to Pheroras's divorce and other marriage, other marriage, other marriage, all so remarkable here, be well all so remarkable here, be well all so remarkable here, be well accounted for, but on the supposable accounted for, but on the supposable accounted for, but on the supposable that Pheroras believed and Herod that Pheroras believed and Herod that Pheroras believed and Herod suspected that the Pharisees prediction suspected that the Pharisees prediction suspected that the Pharisees prediction as if the crown of Judea should be as if the crown of Judea should be as if the crown of Judea should be translated from Herod to Pheroras' translated from Herod to Pheroras' translated from Herod to Pheroras' posterity and that most probably to posterity and that most probably to posterity and that most probably to Pheroras' posterity by this his wife Pheroras' posterity by this his wife Pheroras' posterity by this his wife also would prove true.

also would prove true. also would prove true. End footnote. End footnote. End footnote. Yet he could not devise any way by which Yet he could not devise any way by which Yet he could not devise any way by which he could bring the woman herself to he could bring the woman herself to he could bring the woman herself to punishment though he had many causes of punishment though he had many causes of punishment though he had many causes of hatred to her. hatred to her. hatred to her. Till at length he was in such great Till at length he was in such great Till at length he was in such great uneasiness at her that he cast both and uneasiness at her that he cast both and uneasiness at her that he cast both and his brother out of his kingdom. his brother out of his kingdom. his brother out of his kingdom. Pheroras took this inquiry very Pheroras took this inquiry very Pheroras took this inquiry very patiently and went away into his own patiently and went away into his own patiently and went away into his own tetrarchy, Perea beyond Jordan, and tetrarchy, Perea beyond Jordan, and tetrarchy, Perea beyond Jordan, and swore that there should be but one end swore that there should be but one end swore that there should be but one end put to his flight and that should be put to his flight and that should be put to his flight and that should be Herod's death and that he would never Herod's death and that he would never Herod's death and that he would never return while he was alive. return while he was alive. return while he was alive. Nor indeed would he return when his Nor indeed would he return when his Nor indeed would he return when his brother was sick, although he earnestly brother was sick, although he earnestly brother was sick, although he earnestly sent for him to come to him because he sent for him to come to him because he sent for him to come to him because he had a mind to leave some injunctions had a mind to leave some injunctions had a mind to leave some injunctions with him before he died. with him before he died. with him before he died. But Herod unexpectedly recovered. But Herod unexpectedly recovered. But Herod unexpectedly recovered. A little afterward Pheroras himself fell A little afterward Pheroras himself fell A little afterward Pheroras himself fell sick when Herod showed a great sick when Herod showed a great sick when Herod showed a great moderation for he came to him and pitied moderation for he came to him and pitied moderation for he came to him and pitied his case and took care of him. his case and took care of him. his case and took care of him. But his affection did him no good for But his affection did him no good for But his affection did him no good for Pheroras died a little afterward. Pheroras died a little afterward. Pheroras died a little afterward. Now though Herod had so great an Now though Herod had so great an Now though Herod had so great an affection for him to the last day of his affection for him to the last day of his affection for him to the last day of his life life life yet was a report spread abroad that he yet was a report spread abroad that he yet was a report spread abroad that he had killed him by poison.

had killed him by poison. had killed him by poison. However, he took care to have his dead However, he took care to have his dead However, he took care to have his dead body carried to Jerusalem and appointed body carried to Jerusalem and appointed body carried to Jerusalem and appointed a very morning to the whole nation for a very morning to the whole nation for a very morning to the whole nation for him him him and bestowed a most pompous funeral upon and bestowed a most pompous funeral upon and bestowed a most pompous funeral upon him. him. him. And this was the end that one of And this was the end that one of And this was the end that one of Alexander's and Aristobulus' murders Alexander's and Aristobulus' murders Alexander's and Aristobulus' murders came to. Chapter 30 Chapter 30 When Herod made inquiry about Pheroras' When Herod made inquiry about Pheroras' When Herod made inquiry about Pheroras' death a discovery was made that death a discovery was made that death a discovery was made that Antipater had prepared a poisonous draft Antipater had prepared a poisonous draft Antipater had prepared a poisonous draft for him. for him. for him. Herod cast Doris and her accomplices as Herod cast Doris and her accomplices as Herod cast Doris and her accomplices as also Mariamne out of the palace, and also Mariamne out of the palace, and also Mariamne out of the palace, and blots her son Herod out of his blots her son Herod out of his blots her son Herod out of his testament. But now the punishment was transferred But now the punishment was transferred unto the original author, Antipater, and unto the original author, Antipater, and unto the original author, Antipater, and took its rise from the death of took its rise from the death of took its rise from the death of Pheroras. For certain of his freedmen Pheroras. For certain of his freedmen Pheroras. For certain of his freedmen came with a sad countenance to the king came with a sad countenance to the king came with a sad countenance to the king and told him that his brother had been and told him that his brother had been and told him that his brother had been destroyed by poison, and that his wife destroyed by poison, and that his wife destroyed by poison, and that his wife had brought him somewhat that was had brought him somewhat that was had brought him somewhat that was prepared after an unusual manner, and prepared after an unusual manner, and prepared after an unusual manner, and that upon his eating it, he presently that upon his eating it, he presently that upon his eating it, he presently fell into his distemper.

fell into his distemper. fell into his distemper. That Antipater's mother and sister, two That Antipater's mother and sister, two That Antipater's mother and sister, two days before, brought a woman out of days before, brought a woman out of days before, brought a woman out of Arabia that was skillful in mixing such Arabia that was skillful in mixing such Arabia that was skillful in mixing such drugs drugs drugs that she might prepare a love potion for that she might prepare a love potion for that she might prepare a love potion for Pheroras, Pheroras, Pheroras, and that instead of a love potion, she and that instead of a love potion, she and that instead of a love potion, she had given him deadly poison, had given him deadly poison, had given him deadly poison, and that this was done by the management and that this was done by the management and that this was done by the management of Salome, who was acquainted with that of Salome, who was acquainted with that of Salome, who was acquainted with that woman. woman. woman. The king was deeply affected with so The king was deeply affected with so The king was deeply affected with so many suspicions, and had the many suspicions, and had the many suspicions, and had the maidservants and some of the free women maidservants and some of the free women maidservants and some of the free women also tortured. One of which cried out in also tortured. One of which cried out in also tortured. One of which cried out in her agonies, her agonies, her agonies, "May that God that governs the earth and "May that God that governs the earth and "May that God that governs the earth and the heaven punish this author of all the heaven punish this author of all the heaven punish this author of all these our miseries, Antipater's mother." these our miseries, Antipater's mother." these our miseries, Antipater's mother." The king took a handle from this The king took a handle from this The king took a handle from this confession and proceeded to inquire confession and proceeded to inquire confession and proceeded to inquire further into the truth of the matter. further into the truth of the matter. further into the truth of the matter. So this woman discovered the friendship So this woman discovered the friendship So this woman discovered the friendship of Antipater's mother to Pheroras of Antipater's mother to Pheroras of Antipater's mother to Pheroras and Antipater's woman, as also their and Antipater's woman, as also their and Antipater's woman, as also their secret meetings, and that Pheroras and secret meetings, and that Pheroras and secret meetings, and that Pheroras and Antipater had drunk with them for a Antipater had drunk with them for a Antipater had drunk with them for a whole night together as they returned whole night together as they returned whole night together as they returned from the king, and would not suffer from the king, and would not suffer from the king, and would not suffer anybody, either man servant or maid anybody, either man servant or maid anybody, either man servant or maid servant, to be there servant, to be there servant, to be there while one of the free women discovered while one of the free women discovered while one of the free women discovered the matter.

the matter. the matter. Upon this, Herod tortured the Upon this, Herod tortured the Upon this, Herod tortured the maidservants, every one by themselves maidservants, every one by themselves maidservants, every one by themselves separately, who all unanimously agreed separately, who all unanimously agreed separately, who all unanimously agreed in the foregoing discoveries, in the foregoing discoveries, in the foregoing discoveries, and that accordingly by agreement they and that accordingly by agreement they and that accordingly by agreement they went away, Antipater to Rome and went away, Antipater to Rome and went away, Antipater to Rome and Pheroras to Perea. Pheroras to Perea. Pheroras to Perea. For that they oftentimes talked one For that they oftentimes talked one For that they oftentimes talked one another thus, another thus, another thus, that after Herod had slain Alexander and that after Herod had slain Alexander and that after Herod had slain Alexander and Aristobulus, he would fall upon them and Aristobulus, he would fall upon them and Aristobulus, he would fall upon them and upon their wives, because after he, upon their wives, because after he, upon their wives, because after he, Mariamne, and her children, he would Mariamne, and her children, he would Mariamne, and her children, he would spare nobody. spare nobody. spare nobody. And that for this reason it was best to And that for this reason it was best to And that for this reason it was best to get as far off the wild beast as they get as far off the wild beast as they get as far off the wild beast as they were able. were able. were able. And that Antipater oftentimes lamented And that Antipater oftentimes lamented And that Antipater oftentimes lamented his own case before his mother, his own case before his mother, his own case before his mother, and said to her that he had already gray and said to her that he had already gray and said to her that he had already gray hairs upon his head, and that his father hairs upon his head, and that his father hairs upon his head, and that his father grew younger again every day. grew younger again every day. grew younger again every day. And that perhaps death would overtake he And that perhaps death would overtake he And that perhaps death would overtake he should begin to be king in earnest. should begin to be king in earnest. should begin to be king in earnest. And that in case Herod should die, which And that in case Herod should die, which And that in case Herod should die, which yet nobody knew when it would be, the yet nobody knew when it would be, the yet nobody knew when it would be, the enjoyment of the succession would enjoyment of the succession would enjoyment of the succession would certainly be but for a little time. certainly be but for a little time. certainly be but for a little time. For that these heads of Hydra, the sons For that these heads of Hydra, the sons For that these heads of Hydra, the sons of Alexander and Aristobulus, were of Alexander and Aristobulus, were of Alexander and Aristobulus, were growing up. That he was deprived by his growing up. That he was deprived by his growing up. That he was deprived by his father of the hopes of being succeeded father of the hopes of being succeeded father of the hopes of being succeeded by his children.

by his children. by his children. For that his successor after his death For that his successor after his death For that his successor after his death was not to be any one of his own sons, was not to be any one of his own sons, was not to be any one of his own sons, but Herod, the son of Mariamne. but Herod, the son of Mariamne. but Herod, the son of Mariamne. That in this point Herod was plainly That in this point Herod was plainly That in this point Herod was plainly distracted to think that his testament distracted to think that his testament distracted to think that his testament should therein take place. should therein take place. should therein take place. For he would take care that not one of For he would take care that not one of For he would take care that not one of his posterity should remain. his posterity should remain. his posterity should remain. Because he was of all fathers the Because he was of all fathers the Because he was of all fathers the greatest hater of his children. greatest hater of his children. greatest hater of his children. Yet does he hate his brother still Yet does he hate his brother still Yet does he hate his brother still worse. worse. worse. Whence it was that he a while ago gave Whence it was that he a while ago gave Whence it was that he a while ago gave himself a hundred talents. That he himself a hundred talents. That he himself a hundred talents. That he should not have any intercourse with should not have any intercourse with should not have any intercourse with Pheroras. Pheroras. Pheroras. And when Pheroras said, "Wherein have we And when Pheroras said, "Wherein have we And when Pheroras said, "Wherein have we done him any harm?" Antipater replied, done him any harm?" Antipater replied, done him any harm?" Antipater replied, "I wish he would but deprive us of all "I wish he would but deprive us of all "I wish he would but deprive us of all we have, and leave us naked and alive we have, and leave us naked and alive we have, and leave us naked and alive only. But it is indeed impossible to only. But it is indeed impossible to only. But it is indeed impossible to escape this wild beast who is thus given escape this wild beast who is thus given escape this wild beast who is thus given to murder, who will not permit us to to murder, who will not permit us to to murder, who will not permit us to love any person openly, though we be love any person openly, though we be love any person openly, though we be together privately. together privately. together privately. Yet may we be so openly too, if we have Yet may we be so openly too, if we have Yet may we be so openly too, if we have but the courage in the hands of men." but the courage in the hands of men." but the courage in the hands of men." These things were said by the women upon These things were said by the women upon These things were said by the women upon the torture, as also that Pheroras the torture, as also that Pheroras the torture, as also that Pheroras resolved to fly with them to Perea.

resolved to fly with them to Perea. resolved to fly with them to Perea. Now, Herod gave credit to all they said Now, Herod gave credit to all they said Now, Herod gave credit to all they said on account of the affair of the 100 on account of the affair of the 100 on account of the affair of the 100 talents, for he had no discourse with talents, for he had no discourse with talents, for he had no discourse with anybody about them, but only with anybody about them, but only with anybody about them, but only with Antipater. Antipater. Antipater. So, he vented his anger first of all So, he vented his anger first of all So, he vented his anger first of all against Antipater's mother, and took against Antipater's mother, and took against Antipater's mother, and took away from her all the ornaments which he away from her all the ornaments which he away from her all the ornaments which he had given her, which cost a great many had given her, which cost a great many had given her, which cost a great many talents, and cast her out of the palace talents, and cast her out of the palace talents, and cast her out of the palace a second time. a second time. a second time. He also took care of Pheroras's women He also took care of Pheroras's women He also took care of Pheroras's women after their tortures, as being now after their tortures, as being now after their tortures, as being now reconciled to them. But, he was in great reconciled to them. But, he was in great reconciled to them. But, he was in great consternation himself, and inflamed upon consternation himself, and inflamed upon consternation himself, and inflamed upon every suspicion, and had many innocent every suspicion, and had many innocent every suspicion, and had many innocent persons led to the torture out of his persons led to the torture out of his persons led to the torture out of his fear lest he should leave any guilty fear lest he should leave any guilty fear lest he should leave any guilty person untortured. person untortured. person untortured. And now it was that he betook himself to And now it was that he betook himself to And now it was that he betook himself to examine Antipater of Samaria, who was examine Antipater of Samaria, who was examine Antipater of Samaria, who was the steward of his son Antipater, the steward of his son Antipater, the steward of his son Antipater, and upon torturing him, he learned that and upon torturing him, he learned that and upon torturing him, he learned that Antipater had sent for a potion of Antipater had sent for a potion of Antipater had sent for a potion of deadly poison for him out of Egypt by deadly poison for him out of Egypt by deadly poison for him out of Egypt by Antiphilus, a companion of his, Antiphilus, a companion of his, Antiphilus, a companion of his, that Thudion, the uncle of Antipater, that Thudion, the uncle of Antipater, that Thudion, the uncle of Antipater, had it from him, and delivered it to had it from him, and delivered it to had it from him, and delivered it to Pheroras.

Pheroras. Pheroras. For that Antipater had charged him to For that Antipater had charged him to For that Antipater had charged him to take his father off while he was at take his father off while he was at take his father off while he was at Rome, and so free him from the suspicion Rome, and so free him from the suspicion Rome, and so free him from the suspicion of doing it himself. of doing it himself. of doing it himself. That Pheroras also committed this potion That Pheroras also committed this potion That Pheroras also committed this potion to his wife. to his wife. to his wife. Then did the king send for her, and bid Then did the king send for her, and bid Then did the king send for her, and bid her bring to him what she had received her bring to him what she had received her bring to him what she had received immediately. immediately. immediately. So, she came out of her house as if she So, she came out of her house as if she So, she came out of her house as if she would bring it with her, but threw would bring it with her, but threw would bring it with her, but threw herself down from the top of the house herself down from the top of the house herself down from the top of the house in order to prevent any examination and in order to prevent any examination and in order to prevent any examination and torture from the king. torture from the king. torture from the king. However, it came to pass, as it seems by However, it came to pass, as it seems by However, it came to pass, as it seems by the providence of God, when he intended the providence of God, when he intended the providence of God, when he intended to bring Antipater to punishment, that to bring Antipater to punishment, that to bring Antipater to punishment, that she fell not upon her head, but upon she fell not upon her head, but upon she fell not upon her head, but upon other parts of her body and escaped. other parts of her body and escaped. other parts of her body and escaped. The king, when she was brought to him, The king, when she was brought to him, The king, when she was brought to him, took care of her, for she was at first took care of her, for she was at first took care of her, for she was at first quite senseless upon her fall, and asked quite senseless upon her fall, and asked quite senseless upon her fall, and asked her why she had thrown herself down, and her why she had thrown herself down, and her why she had thrown herself down, and gave her his oath that if she would gave her his oath that if she would gave her his oath that if she would speak the real truth, he would excuse speak the real truth, he would excuse speak the real truth, he would excuse her from punishment. her from punishment. her from punishment. But that if she concealed anything, he But that if she concealed anything, he But that if she concealed anything, he would have her body torn to pieces by would have her body torn to pieces by would have her body torn to pieces by torments, and leave no part of it to be torments, and leave no part of it to be torments, and leave no part of it to be buried.

buried. buried. Upon this, the woman paused a little, Upon this, the woman paused a little, Upon this, the woman paused a little, and then said, "Why do I spare to speak and then said, "Why do I spare to speak and then said, "Why do I spare to speak of these grand secrets, now Pheroras is of these grand secrets, now Pheroras is of these grand secrets, now Pheroras is dead? dead? dead? That would only tend to save Antipater, That would only tend to save Antipater, That would only tend to save Antipater, who was all our destruction. who was all our destruction. who was all our destruction. Hear then, O king, and be thou, and God Hear then, O king, and be thou, and God Hear then, O king, and be thou, and God himself, who cannot be deceived, himself, who cannot be deceived, himself, who cannot be deceived, witnesses to the truth of what I am witnesses to the truth of what I am witnesses to the truth of what I am going to say. going to say. going to say. When thou didst sit weeping by Pheroras When thou didst sit weeping by Pheroras When thou didst sit weeping by Pheroras as he was dying, then it was that he as he was dying, then it was that he as he was dying, then it was that he called me to him and said, 'My dear called me to him and said, 'My dear called me to him and said, 'My dear wife, I have been greatly mistaken as to wife, I have been greatly mistaken as to wife, I have been greatly mistaken as to the disposition of my brother towards the disposition of my brother towards the disposition of my brother towards me, and have hated him that is so me, and have hated him that is so me, and have hated him that is so affectionate to me, and have contrived affectionate to me, and have contrived affectionate to me, and have contrived to kill him who is in such disorder for to kill him who is in such disorder for to kill him who is in such disorder for me before I am dead. me before I am dead. me before I am dead. As for myself, I receive the recompense As for myself, I receive the recompense As for myself, I receive the recompense of my impiety, but do thou bring what of my impiety, but do thou bring what of my impiety, but do thou bring what poison was left with us by Antipater, poison was left with us by Antipater, poison was left with us by Antipater, and which thou keepest in order to and which thou keepest in order to and which thou keepest in order to destroy him, and consume it immediately destroy him, and consume it immediately destroy him, and consume it immediately in the fire in my sight, that I may not in the fire in my sight, that I may not in the fire in my sight, that I may not be liable to the avenger in the be liable to the avenger in the be liable to the avenger in the invisible world.' invisible world.' invisible world.' This I brought as he bid me, and emptied This I brought as he bid me, and emptied This I brought as he bid me, and emptied the greatest part of it into the fire, the greatest part of it into the fire, the greatest part of it into the fire, but reserved a little of it for my own but reserved a little of it for my own but reserved a little of it for my own use against an uncertain futurity, and use against an uncertain futurity, and use against an uncertain futurity, and out of my fear of thee."

out of my fear of thee." out of my fear of thee." When she had said this, she brought the When she had said this, she brought the When she had said this, she brought the box, which had a small quantity of this box, which had a small quantity of this box, which had a small quantity of this potion in it. But the king let her potion in it. But the king let her potion in it. But the king let her alone, and transferred the tortures to alone, and transferred the tortures to alone, and transferred the tortures to Antiphilus's mother and brother, Antiphilus's mother and brother, Antiphilus's mother and brother, who both confessed that Antiphilus who both confessed that Antiphilus who both confessed that Antiphilus brought the box out of Egypt, and that brought the box out of Egypt, and that brought the box out of Egypt, and that they had received the potion from a they had received the potion from a they had received the potion from a brother of his, who was a physician at brother of his, who was a physician at brother of his, who was a physician at Alexandria. Alexandria. Alexandria. Then did the ghosts of Alexander and Then did the ghosts of Alexander and Then did the ghosts of Alexander and Aristobulus go round all the palace, and Aristobulus go round all the palace, and Aristobulus go round all the palace, and become the inquisitors and discoverers become the inquisitors and discoverers become the inquisitors and discoverers of what could not otherwise have been of what could not otherwise have been of what could not otherwise have been found out, and brought such as were the found out, and brought such as were the found out, and brought such as were the freest from suspicion to be examined. freest from suspicion to be examined. freest from suspicion to be examined. Whereby it was discovered that Mariamne, Whereby it was discovered that Mariamne, Whereby it was discovered that Mariamne, the high priest's daughter, was the high priest's daughter, was the high priest's daughter, was conscious of this plot, and her very conscious of this plot, and her very conscious of this plot, and her very brothers, when they were tortured, brothers, when they were tortured, brothers, when they were tortured, declared it so to be. declared it so to be. declared it so to be. Whereupon the king avenged this insolent Whereupon the king avenged this insolent Whereupon the king avenged this insolent attempt of the mother upon her son, and attempt of the mother upon her son, and attempt of the mother upon her son, and blotted Herod, whom he had by her out of blotted Herod, whom he had by her out of blotted Herod, whom he had by her out of his treatment, who had been before named his treatment, who had been before named his treatment, who had been before named therein a successor to Antipater. therein a successor to Antipater. therein a successor to Antipater. End of Book 1, Chapters 29 and 30.

Book 1, Chapters 31 and 32 of The Wars Book 1, Chapters 31 and 32 of The Wars of the Jews. of the Jews. of the Jews. This is a LibriVox recording. This is a LibriVox recording. This is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the All LibriVox recordings are in the All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. public domain. public domain. For more information or to volunteer, For more information or to volunteer, For more information or to volunteer, please visit librivox.org. please visit librivox.org. please visit librivox.org. The Wars of the Jews by Josephus, The Wars of the Jews by Josephus, The Wars of the Jews by Josephus, translated by William Whiston. translated by William Whiston. translated by William Whiston. Book 1, Chapters 31 and 32. Book 1, Chapters 31 and 32. Book 1, Chapters 31 and 32. Chapter 31. Chapter 31. Chapter 31. Antipater is convicted by Bathyllus, but Antipater is convicted by Bathyllus, but Antipater is convicted by Bathyllus, but he still returns from Rome without he still returns from Rome without he still returns from Rome without knowing it. knowing it. knowing it. Herod brings him to his trial. Herod brings him to his trial. Herod brings him to his trial. After these things were over, Bathyllus After these things were over, Bathyllus After these things were over, Bathyllus came under examination in order to came under examination in order to came under examination in order to convict Antipater, who proved the convict Antipater, who proved the convict Antipater, who proved the concluding attestation to Antipater's concluding attestation to Antipater's concluding attestation to Antipater's designs, for indeed he was no other than designs, for indeed he was no other than designs, for indeed he was no other than his freedman. his freedman. his freedman. This man came and brought another deadly This man came and brought another deadly This man came and brought another deadly potion, the poison of asps, and the potion, the poison of asps, and the potion, the poison of asps, and the juices of other serpents, that if the juices of other serpents, that if the juices of other serpents, that if the first potion did not do the business, first potion did not do the business, first potion did not do the business, Pheroras and his wife might be armed Pheroras and his wife might be armed Pheroras and his wife might be armed with this also to destroy the king. with this also to destroy the king. with this also to destroy the king. He brought also an addition to He brought also an addition to He brought also an addition to Antipater's insolent attempt against his Antipater's insolent attempt against his Antipater's insolent attempt against his father, which was the letters which he father, which was the letters which he father, which was the letters which he wrote against his brethren, Archelaus wrote against his brethren, Archelaus wrote against his brethren, Archelaus and Philip, which were the king's sons and Philip, which were the king's sons and Philip, which were the king's sons and educated at Rome, being yet youths, and educated at Rome, being yet youths, and educated at Rome, being yet youths, but of generous dispositions.

but of generous dispositions. but of generous dispositions. Antipater set himself to get rid of Antipater set himself to get rid of Antipater set himself to get rid of these as soon as he could, that they these as soon as he could, that they these as soon as he could, that they might not be prejudicial to his hopes, might not be prejudicial to his hopes, might not be prejudicial to his hopes, and to that end he forged letters and to that end he forged letters and to that end he forged letters against them in the name of his friends against them in the name of his friends against them in the name of his friends at Rome. at Rome. at Rome. Some of these he corrupted by bribes to Some of these he corrupted by bribes to Some of these he corrupted by bribes to write how they grossly reproached their write how they grossly reproached their write how they grossly reproached their father and did openly bewail Alexander father and did openly bewail Alexander father and did openly bewail Alexander and Aristobulus and were uneasy at their and Aristobulus and were uneasy at their and Aristobulus and were uneasy at their being recalled. For their father had being recalled. For their father had being recalled. For their father had already sent for them, which was the already sent for them, which was the already sent for them, which was the very thing that troubled Antipater. very thing that troubled Antipater. very thing that troubled Antipater. Nay, indeed, while Antipater was in Nay, indeed, while Antipater was in Nay, indeed, while Antipater was in Judea and before he was upon his journey Judea and before he was upon his journey Judea and before he was upon his journey to Rome, he gave money to have the like to Rome, he gave money to have the like to Rome, he gave money to have the like letters against them sent from Rome and letters against them sent from Rome and letters against them sent from Rome and then came to his father, who as yet had then came to his father, who as yet had then came to his father, who as yet had no suspicion of him, and apologized for no suspicion of him, and apologized for no suspicion of him, and apologized for his brethren and alleged on their behalf his brethren and alleged on their behalf his brethren and alleged on their behalf that some of the things contained in that some of the things contained in that some of the things contained in those letters were false and others of those letters were false and others of those letters were false and others of them were only youthful errors. them were only youthful errors. them were only youthful errors. Yet at the same time that he expended a Yet at the same time that he expended a Yet at the same time that he expended a great deal of his money by making great deal of his money by making great deal of his money by making presents to such as wrote against his presents to such as wrote against his presents to such as wrote against his brethren, brethren, brethren, did he aim to bring his accounts into did he aim to bring his accounts into did he aim to bring his accounts into confusion by buying costly garments and confusion by buying costly garments and confusion by buying costly garments and carpets of various con-textures with carpets of various con-textures with carpets of various con-textures with silver and gold cups and a great many silver and gold cups and a great many silver and gold cups and a great many more curious things that so among the more curious things that so among the more curious things that so among the view great expenses laid out upon such view great expenses laid out upon such view great expenses laid out upon such furniture, he might conceal the money he furniture, he might conceal the money he furniture, he might conceal the money he had used in hiring men to write the had used in hiring men to write the had used in hiring men to write the letters. For he brought in an account of letters. For he brought in an account of letters. For he brought in an account of his expenses amounting to 200 talents.

his expenses amounting to 200 talents. his expenses amounting to 200 talents. His main pretense for which was file His main pretense for which was file His main pretense for which was file lawsuit he had been in with Salome. lawsuit he had been in with Salome. lawsuit he had been in with Salome. So while all his rogueries, even those So while all his rogueries, even those So while all his rogueries, even those of a lesser sort also, were covered by of a lesser sort also, were covered by of a lesser sort also, were covered by his greater villainy, his greater villainy, his greater villainy, while all the examinations by torture while all the examinations by torture while all the examinations by torture proclaimed his attempt to murder his proclaimed his attempt to murder his proclaimed his attempt to murder his father and the letters proclaimed his father and the letters proclaimed his father and the letters proclaimed his second attempt to murder his brethren, second attempt to murder his brethren, second attempt to murder his brethren, yet did no one of these that came to yet did no one of these that came to yet did no one of these that came to Rome inform him of his misfortunes in Rome inform him of his misfortunes in Rome inform him of his misfortunes in Judea, although seven months had Judea, although seven months had Judea, although seven months had intervened between his conviction and intervened between his conviction and intervened between his conviction and his return. So great was the hatred his return. So great was the hatred his return. So great was the hatred which they all bore to him. which they all bore to him. which they all bore to him. And perhaps they were the ghosts of And perhaps they were the ghosts of And perhaps they were the ghosts of those brethren of his that had been those brethren of his that had been those brethren of his that had been murdered that stopped the mouths of murdered that stopped the mouths of murdered that stopped the mouths of those that intended to have told him. those that intended to have told him. those that intended to have told him. He then wrote from Rome and informed his He then wrote from Rome and informed his He then wrote from Rome and informed his friends that he would soon come to them friends that he would soon come to them friends that he would soon come to them and how he was dismissed with honor by and how he was dismissed with honor by and how he was dismissed with honor by Caesar. Caesar. Caesar. Now the king being desirous to get this Now the king being desirous to get this Now the king being desirous to get this plotter against him into his hands and plotter against him into his hands and plotter against him into his hands and being also afraid lest he should some being also afraid lest he should some being also afraid lest he should some way come to the knowledge how his way come to the knowledge how his way come to the knowledge how his affairs stood and be upon his guard, he affairs stood and be upon his guard, he affairs stood and be upon his guard, he dissembled his anger in his epistle to dissembled his anger in his epistle to dissembled his anger in his epistle to him as in other points he wrote kindly him as in other points he wrote kindly him as in other points he wrote kindly to him and desired him to make haste to him and desired him to make haste to him and desired him to make haste because if he came quickly, he would because if he came quickly, he would because if he came quickly, he would then lay aside the complaints he had then lay aside the complaints he had then lay aside the complaints he had against his mother.

against his mother. against his mother. For Antipater was not ignorant that his For Antipater was not ignorant that his For Antipater was not ignorant that his mother had been expelled out of the mother had been expelled out of the mother had been expelled out of the palace. palace. palace. However, he had before received a letter However, he had before received a letter However, he had before received a letter which contained an account of the death which contained an account of the death which contained an account of the death of Pheroras at Tarentum. of Pheroras at Tarentum. of Pheroras at Tarentum. Footnote: This Tarentum has coins still Footnote: This Tarentum has coins still Footnote: This Tarentum has coins still extant as Reland informs us here in his extant as Reland informs us here in his extant as Reland informs us here in his note. End footnote. note. End footnote. note. End footnote. And made great lamentations at it And made great lamentations at it And made great lamentations at it for which some commended him as being for which some commended him as being for which some commended him as being for his own uncle, though probably this for his own uncle, though probably this for his own uncle, though probably this confusion arose on account of his having confusion arose on account of his having confusion arose on account of his having thereby failed in his plot on his thereby failed in his plot on his thereby failed in his plot on his father's life and his tears were more father's life and his tears were more father's life and his tears were more for the loss of him that was to have for the loss of him that was to have for the loss of him that was to have been a subservient therein than for an been a subservient therein than for an been a subservient therein than for an uncle, Pheroras. uncle, Pheroras. uncle, Pheroras. Moreover, a sort of fear came upon him Moreover, a sort of fear came upon him Moreover, a sort of fear came upon him as to his designs lest the poison should as to his designs lest the poison should as to his designs lest the poison should have been discovered. have been discovered. have been discovered. However, when he was in Cilicia, he However, when he was in Cilicia, he However, when he was in Cilicia, he received the aforementioned epistle from received the aforementioned epistle from received the aforementioned epistle from his father and made great haste his father and made great haste his father and made great haste accordingly. accordingly. accordingly. But when he had sailed to Selindrus, a But when he had sailed to Selindrus, a But when he had sailed to Selindrus, a suspicion came into his mind relating to suspicion came into his mind relating to suspicion came into his mind relating to his mother's misfortunes as if his soul his mother's misfortunes as if his soul his mother's misfortunes as if his soul foreboded some mischief to itself.

foreboded some mischief to itself. foreboded some mischief to itself. Those therefore of his friends which Those therefore of his friends which Those therefore of his friends which were the most considerate advised him were the most considerate advised him were the most considerate advised him not rashly to go to his father till he not rashly to go to his father till he not rashly to go to his father till he had learned what were the occasions why had learned what were the occasions why had learned what were the occasions why his mother had been ejected because they his mother had been ejected because they his mother had been ejected because they were afraid that he might be involved in were afraid that he might be involved in were afraid that he might be involved in the calumnies that had been cast upon the calumnies that had been cast upon the calumnies that had been cast upon his mother. his mother. his mother. But those that were less considerate and But those that were less considerate and But those that were less considerate and had more regard to their own desires of had more regard to their own desires of had more regard to their own desires of seeing their native country than to seeing their native country than to seeing their native country than to Antipater's safety, persuaded him to Antipater's safety, persuaded him to Antipater's safety, persuaded him to make haste home, and not, by delaying make haste home, and not, by delaying make haste home, and not, by delaying his journey, afford his father ground his journey, afford his father ground his journey, afford his father ground for an ill suspicion, and give a handle for an ill suspicion, and give a handle for an ill suspicion, and give a handle to those that raised stories against to those that raised stories against to those that raised stories against him. him. him. For in that case, anything which had For in that case, anything which had For in that case, anything which had been moved is disadvantage, it was owing been moved is disadvantage, it was owing been moved is disadvantage, it was owing to his absence, which durst not have to his absence, which durst not have to his absence, which durst not have been done had he been present. been done had he been present. been done had he been present. And they said it was absurd to deprive And they said it was absurd to deprive And they said it was absurd to deprive himself of certain happiness for the himself of certain happiness for the himself of certain happiness for the sake of an uncertain suspicion, and not sake of an uncertain suspicion, and not sake of an uncertain suspicion, and not return to his father, and take the royal return to his father, and take the royal return to his father, and take the royal authority upon him, which was in a state authority upon him, which was in a state authority upon him, which was in a state of fluctuation on his account only. of fluctuation on his account only. of fluctuation on his account only. Antipater complied with this last Antipater complied with this last Antipater complied with this last advice, for providence hurried him on to advice, for providence hurried him on to advice, for providence hurried him on to his destruction.

his destruction. his destruction. So, he passed over the sea and landed at So, he passed over the sea and landed at So, he passed over the sea and landed at Sebastos, the haven of Caesarea. Sebastos, the haven of Caesarea. Sebastos, the haven of Caesarea. And here he found a perfect and And here he found a perfect and And here he found a perfect and unexpected solitude, while everybody unexpected solitude, while everybody unexpected solitude, while everybody avoided him, and nobody durst come at avoided him, and nobody durst come at avoided him, and nobody durst come at him, for he was equally hated by all him, for he was equally hated by all him, for he was equally hated by all men. men. men. And now that hatred had liberty to show And now that hatred had liberty to show And now that hatred had liberty to show itself, and the dread men were in at the itself, and the dread men were in at the itself, and the dread men were in at the king's anger made men keep from him, for king's anger made men keep from him, for king's anger made men keep from him, for the whole city of Jerusalem was filled the whole city of Jerusalem was filled the whole city of Jerusalem was filled with the rumors about Antipater, and with the rumors about Antipater, and with the rumors about Antipater, and Antipater himself was the only person Antipater himself was the only person Antipater himself was the only person who was ignorant of them. For as no man who was ignorant of them. For as no man who was ignorant of them. For as no man was dismissed more magnificently when he was dismissed more magnificently when he was dismissed more magnificently when he began his voyage to Rome, so was no man began his voyage to Rome, so was no man began his voyage to Rome, so was no man now received back with greater ignominy. now received back with greater ignominy. now received back with greater ignominy. And indeed, he began already to suspect And indeed, he began already to suspect And indeed, he began already to suspect what misfortunes there were in Herod's what misfortunes there were in Herod's what misfortunes there were in Herod's family, yet did he cunningly conceal his family, yet did he cunningly conceal his family, yet did he cunningly conceal his suspicion, and while he was inwardly suspicion, and while he was inwardly suspicion, and while he was inwardly ready to die for fear, he put on a ready to die for fear, he put on a ready to die for fear, he put on a forced boldness of countenance. forced boldness of countenance. forced boldness of countenance. Nor could he fly any whither, Nor could he fly any whither, Nor could he fly any whither, nor had he any way of emerging out of nor had he any way of emerging out of nor had he any way of emerging out of the difficulties which encompassed him, the difficulties which encompassed him, the difficulties which encompassed him, nor indeed had he even there any certain nor indeed had he even there any certain nor indeed had he even there any certain intelligence of the affairs of the royal intelligence of the affairs of the royal intelligence of the affairs of the royal family, by reason of the threats the family, by reason of the threats the family, by reason of the threats the king had given out.

king had given out. king had given out. Yet had he some small hopes of better Yet had he some small hopes of better Yet had he some small hopes of better tidings, for perhaps nothing had been tidings, for perhaps nothing had been tidings, for perhaps nothing had been discovered, or if any discovery had been discovered, or if any discovery had been discovered, or if any discovery had been made, perhaps he should be able to clear made, perhaps he should be able to clear made, perhaps he should be able to clear himself by impudence and artful tricks, himself by impudence and artful tricks, himself by impudence and artful tricks, which were the only things he relied which were the only things he relied which were the only things he relied upon for his deliverance. upon for his deliverance. upon for his deliverance. And with these hopes did he screen And with these hopes did he screen And with these hopes did he screen himself till he came to the palace himself till he came to the palace himself till he came to the palace without any friends with him, for these without any friends with him, for these without any friends with him, for these were affronted and shut out at the first were affronted and shut out at the first were affronted and shut out at the first gate. gate. gate. Now Varus, the president of Syria, Now Varus, the president of Syria, Now Varus, the president of Syria, happened to be in the palace at this happened to be in the palace at this happened to be in the palace at this juncture. So Antipater went in to his juncture. So Antipater went in to his juncture. So Antipater went in to his father and putting on a bold face, he father and putting on a bold face, he father and putting on a bold face, he came near to salute him. came near to salute him. came near to salute him. But Herod stretched out his hands and But Herod stretched out his hands and But Herod stretched out his hands and turned his head away from him and cried turned his head away from him and cried turned his head away from him and cried out, "Even this is an indication of a out, "Even this is an indication of a out, "Even this is an indication of a parricide, to be desirous to get me into parricide, to be desirous to get me into parricide, to be desirous to get me into his arms when he is under such heinous his arms when he is under such heinous his arms when he is under such heinous accusations. accusations. accusations. God confound thee, thou vile wretch. Do God confound thee, thou vile wretch. Do God confound thee, thou vile wretch. Do not touch me till thou has cleared not touch me till thou has cleared not touch me till thou has cleared thyself of these crimes that are charged thyself of these crimes that are charged thyself of these crimes that are charged upon thee. upon thee. upon thee. I appoint thee a court where thou art to I appoint thee a court where thou art to I appoint thee a court where thou art to be judged, and this Varus, who is very be judged, and this Varus, who is very be judged, and this Varus, who is very seasonably here, to be thy judge, and seasonably here, to be thy judge, and seasonably here, to be thy judge, and get thou thy defense ready against get thou thy defense ready against get thou thy defense ready against tomorrow, for I give thee so much time tomorrow, for I give thee so much time tomorrow, for I give thee so much time to prepare suitable excuses for to prepare suitable excuses for to prepare suitable excuses for thyself."

thyself." thyself." And as Antipater was so confounded that And as Antipater was so confounded that And as Antipater was so confounded that he was able to make no answer to this he was able to make no answer to this he was able to make no answer to this charge, he went away. But his mother and charge, he went away. But his mother and charge, he went away. But his mother and wife came to him and told him of all the wife came to him and told him of all the wife came to him and told him of all the evidence they had gotten against him. evidence they had gotten against him. evidence they had gotten against him. Hereupon he recollected himself and Hereupon he recollected himself and Hereupon he recollected himself and considered what defense he should make considered what defense he should make considered what defense he should make against the accusations. against the accusations. against the accusations. Chapter 32. Chapter 32. Chapter 32. Antipater is accused before Varus and is Antipater is accused before Varus and is Antipater is accused before Varus and is convicted of laying a plot against his convicted of laying a plot against his convicted of laying a plot against his father by the strongest evidence. father by the strongest evidence. father by the strongest evidence. Herod puts off his punishment till he Herod puts off his punishment till he Herod puts off his punishment till he should be recovered and in the meantime should be recovered and in the meantime should be recovered and in the meantime alters his testament. alters his testament. alters his testament. Now the day following, the king Now the day following, the king Now the day following, the king assembled a court of his kinsmen and assembled a court of his kinsmen and assembled a court of his kinsmen and friends and called in Antipater's friends and called in Antipater's friends and called in Antipater's friends also. friends also. friends also. Herod himself with Varus were the Herod himself with Varus were the Herod himself with Varus were the presidents, and Herod called for all the presidents, and Herod called for all the presidents, and Herod called for all the witnesses and ordered them to be brought witnesses and ordered them to be brought witnesses and ordered them to be brought in, among whom some of the domestic in, among whom some of the domestic in, among whom some of the domestic servants of Antipater's mother were servants of Antipater's mother were servants of Antipater's mother were brought in also, brought in also, brought in also, who had but a little while before been who had but a little while before been who had but a little while before been caught as they were carrying the caught as they were carrying the caught as they were carrying the following letter from her to her son. following letter from her to her son. following letter from her to her son. "Since all those things have been "Since all those things have been "Since all those things have been already discovered to thy father, do not already discovered to thy father, do not already discovered to thy father, do not thou come to him unless thou canst thou come to him unless thou canst thou come to him unless thou canst procure some assistance from Caesar."

procure some assistance from Caesar." procure some assistance from Caesar." When this and the other witnesses were When this and the other witnesses were When this and the other witnesses were introduced, Antipater came in, and introduced, Antipater came in, and introduced, Antipater came in, and falling on his face before his father's falling on his face before his father's falling on his face before his father's feet, he said, "Father, I beseech thee, feet, he said, "Father, I beseech thee, feet, he said, "Father, I beseech thee, do not condemn me beforehand, but let do not condemn me beforehand, but let do not condemn me beforehand, but let thy ears be unbiased and attend to my thy ears be unbiased and attend to my thy ears be unbiased and attend to my defense. defense. defense. For if thou wilt give me leave, I will For if thou wilt give me leave, I will For if thou wilt give me leave, I will demonstrate that I am innocent." demonstrate that I am innocent." demonstrate that I am innocent." Hereupon, Herod cried out to him to hold Hereupon, Herod cried out to him to hold Hereupon, Herod cried out to him to hold his peace, and spake thus to Varus, his peace, and spake thus to Varus, his peace, and spake thus to Varus, "I cannot but think that thou, Varus, "I cannot but think that thou, Varus, "I cannot but think that thou, Varus, and every other upright judge, will and every other upright judge, will and every other upright judge, will determine that Antipater is a vile determine that Antipater is a vile determine that Antipater is a vile wretch. wretch. wretch. I am also afraid that thou wilt abhor my I am also afraid that thou wilt abhor my I am also afraid that thou wilt abhor my ill fortune, and judge me also myself ill fortune, and judge me also myself ill fortune, and judge me also myself worthy of all sorts of calumny for worthy of all sorts of calumny for worthy of all sorts of calumny for begetting such children. begetting such children. begetting such children. Yet while I ought rather to be pitied, Yet while I ought rather to be pitied, Yet while I ought rather to be pitied, who have been so affectionate a father who have been so affectionate a father who have been so affectionate a father to such wretched sons, to such wretched sons, to such wretched sons, for when I had settled a kingdom on my for when I had settled a kingdom on my for when I had settled a kingdom on my former sons, even when they were young, former sons, even when they were young, former sons, even when they were young, and when, besides the charges of their and when, besides the charges of their and when, besides the charges of their education at Rome, I had made them the education at Rome, I had made them the education at Rome, I had made them the friends of Caesar, and made them envied friends of Caesar, and made them envied friends of Caesar, and made them envied by other kings, I found them plotting by other kings, I found them plotting by other kings, I found them plotting against me.

against me. against me. These have been put to death, and that These have been put to death, and that These have been put to death, and that in great measure for the sake of in great measure for the sake of in great measure for the sake of Antipater. Antipater. Antipater. For as he was then young and appointed For as he was then young and appointed For as he was then young and appointed to be my successor, I took care chiefly to be my successor, I took care chiefly to be my successor, I took care chiefly to secure him from danger. to secure him from danger. to secure him from danger. But this profligate wild beast, when he But this profligate wild beast, when he But this profligate wild beast, when he had been over and above satiated with had been over and above satiated with had been over and above satiated with that patience which I showed him, he that patience which I showed him, he that patience which I showed him, he made use of that abundance I had given made use of that abundance I had given made use of that abundance I had given him against myself. him against myself. him against myself. For I seemed to him to live too long, For I seemed to him to live too long, For I seemed to him to live too long, and he was very uneasy at the old age I and he was very uneasy at the old age I and he was very uneasy at the old age I was arrived at. was arrived at. was arrived at. Nor could he stay any longer, but would Nor could he stay any longer, but would Nor could he stay any longer, but would be a king by parricide. be a king by parricide. be a king by parricide. And justly I am served by him for And justly I am served by him for And justly I am served by him for bringing him back out of the country to bringing him back out of the country to bringing him back out of the country to court, when he was of no esteem before, court, when he was of no esteem before, court, when he was of no esteem before, and for thrusting out those sons of mine and for thrusting out those sons of mine and for thrusting out those sons of mine that were born of the queen, and for that were born of the queen, and for that were born of the queen, and for making him a successor to my dominions, making him a successor to my dominions, making him a successor to my dominions, I confess to thee, O Varus, the great I confess to thee, O Varus, the great I confess to thee, O Varus, the great folly I was guilty, for I provoked those folly I was guilty, for I provoked those folly I was guilty, for I provoked those sons of mine to act against me, and cut sons of mine to act against me, and cut sons of mine to act against me, and cut off their just expectations for the sake off their just expectations for the sake off their just expectations for the sake of Antipater. And indeed, what kindness of Antipater. And indeed, what kindness of Antipater. And indeed, what kindness did I do them that could equal what I did I do them that could equal what I did I do them that could equal what I have done to Antipater?

have done to Antipater? have done to Antipater? I have, in a manner, yielded up my royal I have, in a manner, yielded up my royal I have, in a manner, yielded up my royal while I am alive, and whom I have openly while I am alive, and whom I have openly while I am alive, and whom I have openly named for the successor to my dominions named for the successor to my dominions named for the successor to my dominions in my testament, and given him a yearly in my testament, and given him a yearly in my testament, and given him a yearly revenue of his own of 50 talents, and revenue of his own of 50 talents, and revenue of his own of 50 talents, and supplied him with money to an supplied him with money to an supplied him with money to an extravagant degree out of my own extravagant degree out of my own extravagant degree out of my own revenue. revenue. revenue. And when he was about to sail to Rome, I And when he was about to sail to Rome, I And when he was about to sail to Rome, I gave him three talents, and recommended gave him three talents, and recommended gave him three talents, and recommended him, and him alone of all my children, him, and him alone of all my children, him, and him alone of all my children, to Caesar as his father's deliverer. to Caesar as his father's deliverer. to Caesar as his father's deliverer. Now, what crimes were those other sons Now, what crimes were those other sons Now, what crimes were those other sons of mine guilty of like these of of mine guilty of like these of of mine guilty of like these of Antipater? And what evidence was there Antipater? And what evidence was there Antipater? And what evidence was there brought against them so strong as there brought against them so strong as there brought against them so strong as there is to demonstrate this son to have is to demonstrate this son to have is to demonstrate this son to have plotted against me? plotted against me? plotted against me? Yet, does this parricide presume to Yet, does this parricide presume to Yet, does this parricide presume to speak for himself, and hopes to obscure speak for himself, and hopes to obscure speak for himself, and hopes to obscure the truth by his cunning tricks? the truth by his cunning tricks? the truth by his cunning tricks? Thou, O Varus, must guard thyself Thou, O Varus, must guard thyself Thou, O Varus, must guard thyself against him, for I know the wild beast, against him, for I know the wild beast, against him, for I know the wild beast, and I foresee how plausibly he will and I foresee how plausibly he will and I foresee how plausibly he will talk, and his counterfeit lamentation. talk, and his counterfeit lamentation. talk, and his counterfeit lamentation. This was he who extorted me to have a This was he who extorted me to have a This was he who extorted me to have a care of Alexander when he was alive, and care of Alexander when he was alive, and care of Alexander when he was alive, and not to entrust my body with all men.

not to entrust my body with all men. not to entrust my body with all men. This was he who came to my very bed, and This was he who came to my very bed, and This was he who came to my very bed, and looked about lest anyone should lay looked about lest anyone should lay looked about lest anyone should lay snares for me. snares for me. snares for me. This was he who took care of my sleep, This was he who took care of my sleep, This was he who took care of my sleep, and secured me from fear of danger, who and secured me from fear of danger, who and secured me from fear of danger, who comforted me under the trouble I was in comforted me under the trouble I was in comforted me under the trouble I was in upon the slaughter of my sons, and upon the slaughter of my sons, and upon the slaughter of my sons, and looked to see what affection my looked to see what affection my looked to see what affection my surviving brethren bore me. surviving brethren bore me. surviving brethren bore me. This was my protector and the guardian This was my protector and the guardian This was my protector and the guardian of my body. of my body. of my body. And when I call to mind, O Varus, his And when I call to mind, O Varus, his And when I call to mind, O Varus, his craftiness upon every occasion, and his craftiness upon every occasion, and his craftiness upon every occasion, and his art of dissembling, I can hardly believe art of dissembling, I can hardly believe art of dissembling, I can hardly believe that I am still alive, and wonder how I that I am still alive, and wonder how I that I am still alive, and wonder how I have escaped such a deep plotter of have escaped such a deep plotter of have escaped such a deep plotter of mischief. mischief. mischief. However, since some fate or other makes However, since some fate or other makes However, since some fate or other makes my house desolate and perpetually raises my house desolate and perpetually raises my house desolate and perpetually raises up those that are dearest to me against up those that are dearest to me against up those that are dearest to me against me, I will with tears lament my hard me, I will with tears lament my hard me, I will with tears lament my hard fortune and privately groan under my fortune and privately groan under my fortune and privately groan under my lonesome condition. Yet I am resolved lonesome condition. Yet I am resolved lonesome condition. Yet I am resolved that no one who thirsts after my blood that no one who thirsts after my blood that no one who thirsts after my blood shall escape punishment, although the shall escape punishment, although the shall escape punishment, although the evidence should extend itself to all my evidence should extend itself to all my evidence should extend itself to all my sons. sons. sons. Upon Herod's saying this, he was Upon Herod's saying this, he was Upon Herod's saying this, he was interrupted by the confusion he was in, interrupted by the confusion he was in, interrupted by the confusion he was in, but ordered Nicolas, one of his friends, but ordered Nicolas, one of his friends, but ordered Nicolas, one of his friends, to produce the evidence against to produce the evidence against to produce the evidence against Antipater.

Antipater. Antipater. But in the meantime, Antipater lifted up But in the meantime, Antipater lifted up But in the meantime, Antipater lifted up his head, for he lay on the ground his head, for he lay on the ground his head, for he lay on the ground before his father's feet, and cried out before his father's feet, and cried out before his father's feet, and cried out aloud, "O thou father, hast made my aloud, "O thou father, hast made my aloud, "O thou father, hast made my apology for me. For how can I be a apology for me. For how can I be a apology for me. For how can I be a parricide, whom thou thyself confessest parricide, whom thou thyself confessest parricide, whom thou thyself confessest to have always had for thy guardian? to have always had for thy guardian? to have always had for thy guardian? Thou callest my filial affections Thou callest my filial affections Thou callest my filial affections prodigious lies and hypocrisy. prodigious lies and hypocrisy. prodigious lies and hypocrisy. Then how could it be that I, who was so Then how could it be that I, who was so Then how could it be that I, who was so subtle in other matters, should here be subtle in other matters, should here be subtle in other matters, should here be so mad as not to understand that it was so mad as not to understand that it was so mad as not to understand that it was not easy that he who committed so horrid not easy that he who committed so horrid not easy that he who committed so horrid a crime should be concealed from men, a crime should be concealed from men, a crime should be concealed from men, but impossible that he should be but impossible that he should be but impossible that he should be concealed from the judge of heaven, who concealed from the judge of heaven, who concealed from the judge of heaven, who sees all things and is present sees all things and is present sees all things and is present everywhere? everywhere? everywhere? Or did I not know what end my brethren Or did I not know what end my brethren Or did I not know what end my brethren came to, on whom God inflicted so great came to, on whom God inflicted so great came to, on whom God inflicted so great a punishment for their evil designs a punishment for their evil designs a punishment for their evil designs against thee? against thee? against thee? And indeed, what was there that could And indeed, what was there that could And indeed, what was there that could possibly provoke me against thee? possibly provoke me against thee? possibly provoke me against thee? Could the hope of being king do it? I Could the hope of being king do it? I Could the hope of being king do it? I was king already. was king already. was king already. Could I suspect hatred from thee? No. Could I suspect hatred from thee? No. Could I suspect hatred from thee? No. Was I not beloved by thee? Was I not beloved by thee? Was I not beloved by thee? And what other fear could I have?

And what other fear could I have? And what other fear could I have? Nay, by preserving thee safe, I was a Nay, by preserving thee safe, I was a Nay, by preserving thee safe, I was a terror to others. terror to others. terror to others. Did I want money? No. For who was able Did I want money? No. For who was able Did I want money? No. For who was able to expend so much as myself? to expend so much as myself? to expend so much as myself? Indeed, father, had I been the most Indeed, father, had I been the most Indeed, father, had I been the most execrable of all mankind, and had I had execrable of all mankind, and had I had execrable of all mankind, and had I had the soul of the most cruel wild beast, the soul of the most cruel wild beast, the soul of the most cruel wild beast, must I not have been overcome with the must I not have been overcome with the must I not have been overcome with the benefits thou hadst bestowed upon me, benefits thou hadst bestowed upon me, benefits thou hadst bestowed upon me, whom, as thou thyself sayest, thou whom, as thou thyself sayest, thou whom, as thou thyself sayest, thou broughtest into the palace, broughtest into the palace, broughtest into the palace, whom thou didst prefer before so many of whom thou didst prefer before so many of whom thou didst prefer before so many of thy sons, thy sons, thy sons, whom thou madest a king in thine own whom thou madest a king in thine own whom thou madest a king in thine own lifetime, and by the vast magnitude of lifetime, and by the vast magnitude of lifetime, and by the vast magnitude of the other advantages thou bestowed upon the other advantages thou bestowed upon the other advantages thou bestowed upon me, thou madest me an object of envy. me, thou madest me an object of envy. me, thou madest me an object of envy. O miserable man, that thou shouldst O miserable man, that thou shouldst O miserable man, that thou shouldst undergo this bitter absence, and thereby undergo this bitter absence, and thereby undergo this bitter absence, and thereby afford a great opportunity for envy to afford a great opportunity for envy to afford a great opportunity for envy to arise against thee, and a long space for arise against thee, and a long space for arise against thee, and a long space for such as were laying designs against such as were laying designs against such as were laying designs against thee. thee. thee. Yet was I absent, father, on thy Yet was I absent, father, on thy Yet was I absent, father, on thy affairs, that Salome might not treat affairs, that Salome might not treat affairs, that Salome might not treat thee with contempt in thine old age. thee with contempt in thine old age. thee with contempt in thine old age. Rome is a witness to my filial Rome is a witness to my filial Rome is a witness to my filial affection, and so is Caesar, the ruler affection, and so is Caesar, the ruler affection, and so is Caesar, the ruler of the habitable earth, who oftentimes of the habitable earth, who oftentimes of the habitable earth, who oftentimes called me Philopater.

called me Philopater. called me Philopater. Footnote: A lover of his father. End Footnote: A lover of his father. End Footnote: A lover of his father. End footnote. footnote. footnote. Take here the letters he had sent thee. Take here the letters he had sent thee. Take here the letters he had sent thee. They are more to be believed than the They are more to be believed than the They are more to be believed than the calumnies raised here. These letters are calumnies raised here. These letters are calumnies raised here. These letters are my only apology. These I use as the my only apology. These I use as the my only apology. These I use as the demonstration of that natural affection demonstration of that natural affection demonstration of that natural affection I have to thee. I have to thee. I have to thee. Remember that it was against my own Remember that it was against my own Remember that it was against my own choice that I sailed to Rome, as knowing choice that I sailed to Rome, as knowing choice that I sailed to Rome, as knowing the latent hatred that was in the the latent hatred that was in the the latent hatred that was in the kingdom against me. kingdom against me. kingdom against me. It was thou, O father, however It was thou, O father, however It was thou, O father, however unwillingly, who hast been my ruin, by unwillingly, who hast been my ruin, by unwillingly, who hast been my ruin, by forcing me to allow time for calumnies forcing me to allow time for calumnies forcing me to allow time for calumnies against me, and envy at me. against me, and envy at me. against me, and envy at me. However, I am come hither, and I am However, I am come hither, and I am However, I am come hither, and I am ready to hear the evidence there is ready to hear the evidence there is ready to hear the evidence there is against me. against me. against me. If I be a parasite, I have passed by If I be a parasite, I have passed by If I be a parasite, I have passed by land and by sea without suffering any land and by sea without suffering any land and by sea without suffering any misfortune on either of them. misfortune on either of them. misfortune on either of them. But this method of trial is no advantage But this method of trial is no advantage But this method of trial is no advantage to me, for it seems, O father, that I am to me, for it seems, O father, that I am to me, for it seems, O father, that I am already condemned, both before God and already condemned, both before God and already condemned, both before God and before thee. before thee. before thee. And as I am already condemned, I beg And as I am already condemned, I beg And as I am already condemned, I beg that thou wilt not believe the others that thou wilt not believe the others that thou wilt not believe the others that have been tortured, but let fire be that have been tortured, but let fire be that have been tortured, but let fire be brought to torment me. Let the racks brought to torment me. Let the racks brought to torment me. Let the racks march through my bowels. Have no regard march through my bowels. Have no regard march through my bowels. Have no regard to any lamentations that this polluted to any lamentations that this polluted to any lamentations that this polluted body can make.

body can make. body can make. For if I be a parasite, I ought not to For if I be a parasite, I ought not to For if I be a parasite, I ought not to die without torture. die without torture. die without torture. Thus did Antipater cry out with Thus did Antipater cry out with Thus did Antipater cry out with lamentation and weeping, and moved all lamentation and weeping, and moved all lamentation and weeping, and moved all the rest, and Varus in particular, to the rest, and Varus in particular, to the rest, and Varus in particular, to commiserate his case. commiserate his case. commiserate his case. Herod was the only person whose passion Herod was the only person whose passion Herod was the only person whose passion was too strong to permit him to weep, as was too strong to permit him to weep, as was too strong to permit him to weep, as knowing that the testimonies against him knowing that the testimonies against him knowing that the testimonies against him were true. were true. were true. And now it was that, at the king's And now it was that, at the king's And now it was that, at the king's command, Nicholas, when he had premised command, Nicholas, when he had premised command, Nicholas, when he had premised a great deal about the craftiness of a great deal about the craftiness of a great deal about the craftiness of Antipater, and had prevented the effects Antipater, and had prevented the effects Antipater, and had prevented the effects of their commiseration to him, of their commiseration to him, of their commiseration to him, afterwards brought in a bitter and large afterwards brought in a bitter and large afterwards brought in a bitter and large accusation against him, ascribing all accusation against him, ascribing all accusation against him, ascribing all the wickedness that had been done in the the wickedness that had been done in the the wickedness that had been done in the kingdom to him, and especially the kingdom to him, and especially the kingdom to him, and especially the murder of his brethren, and demonstrated murder of his brethren, and demonstrated murder of his brethren, and demonstrated that they had perished by the calumnies that they had perished by the calumnies that they had perished by the calumnies he had raised against them. he had raised against them. he had raised against them. He also said that he had laid designs He also said that he had laid designs He also said that he had laid designs against them that were still alive, as against them that were still alive, as against them that were still alive, as if they were laying plots for the if they were laying plots for the if they were laying plots for the succession. And, said he, how can it be succession. And, said he, how can it be succession. And, said he, how can it be supposed that he who prepared a poison supposed that he who prepared a poison supposed that he who prepared a poison for his father should abstain from for his father should abstain from for his father should abstain from mischief as to his brethren? mischief as to his brethren? mischief as to his brethren? He then proceeded to convict him of the He then proceeded to convict him of the He then proceeded to convict him of the attempt to poison Herod, and gave an attempt to poison Herod, and gave an attempt to poison Herod, and gave an account in order of the several account in order of the several account in order of the several discoveries that had been made, discoveries that had been made, discoveries that had been made, and had great indignation as to the and had great indignation as to the and had great indignation as to the affair of Pheroras, because Antipater affair of Pheroras, because Antipater affair of Pheroras, because Antipater had been for making him murder his had been for making him murder his had been for making him murder his brother, and had corrupted those that brother, and had corrupted those that brother, and had corrupted those that were dearest to the king, and filled the were dearest to the king, and filled the were dearest to the king, and filled the whole palace with wickedness.

whole palace with wickedness. whole palace with wickedness. And when he had insisted on many other And when he had insisted on many other And when he had insisted on many other accusations, and the proofs for them, he accusations, and the proofs for them, he accusations, and the proofs for them, he left off. left off. left off. Then Varus bid Antipater make his Then Varus bid Antipater make his Then Varus bid Antipater make his defense, but he lay along in silence and defense, but he lay along in silence and defense, but he lay along in silence and said no more but this, said no more but this, said no more but this, "God is my witness that I am entirely "God is my witness that I am entirely "God is my witness that I am entirely innocent." innocent." innocent." So Varus asked for the potion, and gave So Varus asked for the potion, and gave So Varus asked for the potion, and gave it to be drunk by a condemned malefactor it to be drunk by a condemned malefactor it to be drunk by a condemned malefactor who was then in prison, who died upon who was then in prison, who died upon who was then in prison, who died upon the spot. the spot. the spot. So Varus, when he had a very private So Varus, when he had a very private So Varus, when he had a very private discourse with Herod, and had written an discourse with Herod, and had written an discourse with Herod, and had written an account of this assembly to Caesar, went account of this assembly to Caesar, went account of this assembly to Caesar, went away after a day's stay. away after a day's stay. away after a day's stay. The king also bound Antipater, and sent The king also bound Antipater, and sent The king also bound Antipater, and sent away to inform Caesar of his away to inform Caesar of his away to inform Caesar of his misfortunes. misfortunes. misfortunes. Now after this it was discovered that Now after this it was discovered that Now after this it was discovered that Antipater had laid a plot against Salome Antipater had laid a plot against Salome Antipater had laid a plot against Salome also, for one of Antiphilus's domestic also, for one of Antiphilus's domestic also, for one of Antiphilus's domestic servants came and brought letters from servants came and brought letters from servants came and brought letters from Rome from a maidservant of Julia, Rome from a maidservant of Julia, Rome from a maidservant of Julia, Caesar's wife, whose name was Acme. Caesar's wife, whose name was Acme. Caesar's wife, whose name was Acme. By her a message was sent to the king By her a message was sent to the king By her a message was sent to the king that she had found a letter written by that she had found a letter written by that she had found a letter written by Salome among Julia's papers and had sent Salome among Julia's papers and had sent Salome among Julia's papers and had sent it to him privately out of her goodwill it to him privately out of her goodwill it to him privately out of her goodwill to him.

to him. to him. This letter of Salome contained the most This letter of Salome contained the most This letter of Salome contained the most bitter reproaches of the king and the bitter reproaches of the king and the bitter reproaches of the king and the highest accusations against him. highest accusations against him. highest accusations against him. Antipater had forged this letter and had Antipater had forged this letter and had Antipater had forged this letter and had corrupted Acme and persuaded her to send corrupted Acme and persuaded her to send corrupted Acme and persuaded her to send it to Herod. it to Herod. it to Herod. This was proved by her letter to This was proved by her letter to This was proved by her letter to Antipater, for thus did this woman write Antipater, for thus did this woman write Antipater, for thus did this woman write to him, "As thou desirest, I have to him, "As thou desirest, I have to him, "As thou desirest, I have written a letter to thy father and have written a letter to thy father and have written a letter to thy father and have sent that letter and am persuaded that sent that letter and am persuaded that sent that letter and am persuaded that the king will not spare his sister when the king will not spare his sister when the king will not spare his sister when he reads it. he reads it. he reads it. Thou wilt do well to remember what thou Thou wilt do well to remember what thou Thou wilt do well to remember what thou has promised when all is accomplished." has promised when all is accomplished." has promised when all is accomplished." When this epistle was discovered and When this epistle was discovered and When this epistle was discovered and what the epistle forged against Salome what the epistle forged against Salome what the epistle forged against Salome contained, a suspicion came into the contained, a suspicion came into the contained, a suspicion came into the king's mind that perhaps the letters king's mind that perhaps the letters king's mind that perhaps the letters against Alexander were also forged. He against Alexander were also forged. He against Alexander were also forged. He was moreover greatly disturbed and in a was moreover greatly disturbed and in a was moreover greatly disturbed and in a passion because he had almost slain his passion because he had almost slain his passion because he had almost slain his sister on Antipater's account. sister on Antipater's account. sister on Antipater's account. He did no longer delay therefore to He did no longer delay therefore to He did no longer delay therefore to bring him to punishment for all his bring him to punishment for all his bring him to punishment for all his crimes. Yet when he was eagerly pursuing crimes. Yet when he was eagerly pursuing crimes. Yet when he was eagerly pursuing Antipater, he was restrained by a severe Antipater, he was restrained by a severe Antipater, he was restrained by a severe distemper he fell into.

distemper he fell into. distemper he fell into. However, he sent all accounts to Caesar However, he sent all accounts to Caesar However, he sent all accounts to Caesar about Acme and the contrivances against about Acme and the contrivances against about Acme and the contrivances against Salome. He sent also for his testament Salome. He sent also for his testament Salome. He sent also for his testament and altered it and therein made Antipas and altered it and therein made Antipas and altered it and therein made Antipas king as taking no care of Archelaus and king as taking no care of Archelaus and king as taking no care of Archelaus and Philip because Antipater had blasted Philip because Antipater had blasted Philip because Antipater had blasted their reputations with him. But he their reputations with him. But he their reputations with him. But he bequeathed to Caesar, besides other bequeathed to Caesar, besides other bequeathed to Caesar, besides other presents that he gave him, a thousand presents that he gave him, a thousand presents that he gave him, a thousand talents as also to his wife and children talents as also to his wife and children talents as also to his wife and children and friends and freedmen about 500. He and friends and freedmen about 500. He and friends and freedmen about 500. He also bequeathed to all others a great also bequeathed to all others a great also bequeathed to all others a great quantity of land and of money quantity of land and of money quantity of land and of money and showed his respects to Salome, his and showed his respects to Salome, his and showed his respects to Salome, his sister, by giving her most splendid sister, by giving her most splendid sister, by giving her most splendid gifts. gifts. gifts. And this was what was contained in his And this was what was contained in his And this was what was contained in his testament, as it was now altered. testament, as it was now altered. testament, as it was now altered. End of Book 1, Chapters 31 and 32. Book 1, Chapter 33 of The Wars of the Book 1, Chapter 33 of The Wars of the Jews. This is a LibriVox recording. All Jews. This is a LibriVox recording. All Jews. This is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the public LibriVox recordings are in the public LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. domain. domain. For more information or to volunteer, For more information or to volunteer, For more information or to volunteer, please visit librivox.org.

please visit librivox.org. please visit librivox.org. The Wars of the Jews by Josephus, The Wars of the Jews by Josephus, The Wars of the Jews by Josephus, translated by William Whiston. Book 1, translated by William Whiston. Book 1, translated by William Whiston. Book 1, Chapter 33. Chapter 33. Chapter 33. Chapter 33. Chapter 33. Chapter 33. The golden eagle is cut to pieces. The golden eagle is cut to pieces. The golden eagle is cut to pieces. Herod's barbarity when he was ready to Herod's barbarity when he was ready to Herod's barbarity when he was ready to die. die. die. He attempts to kill himself. He attempts to kill himself. He attempts to kill himself. He commands Antipater to be slain. He commands Antipater to be slain. He commands Antipater to be slain. He survives him five days and then dies. He survives him five days and then dies. He survives him five days and then dies. Now, Herod's distemper became more and Now, Herod's distemper became more and Now, Herod's distemper became more and more severe to him, and this because more severe to him, and this because more severe to him, and this because these disorders fell upon him in his old these disorders fell upon him in his old these disorders fell upon him in his old age, and when he was in a melancholy age, and when he was in a melancholy age, and when he was in a melancholy condition, for he was already 70 years condition, for he was already 70 years condition, for he was already 70 years of age, and had been brought by the of age, and had been brought by the of age, and had been brought by the calamities that had happened to him calamities that had happened to him calamities that had happened to him about his children, whereby he had no about his children, whereby he had no about his children, whereby he had no pleasure in life, even when he was in pleasure in life, even when he was in pleasure in life, even when he was in health. The grief also that Antipater health. The grief also that Antipater health. The grief also that Antipater was still alive aggravated his disease, was still alive aggravated his disease, was still alive aggravated his disease, whom he resolved to put to death now not whom he resolved to put to death now not whom he resolved to put to death now not at random, but as soon as he should be at random, but as soon as he should be at random, but as soon as he should be well again, and resolved to have him well again, and resolved to have him well again, and resolved to have him slain in a public manner. slain in a public manner. slain in a public manner. There also now happened to him, among There also now happened to him, among There also now happened to him, among his other calamities, a certain popular his other calamities, a certain popular his other calamities, a certain popular sedition.

sedition. sedition. There were two men of learning in the There were two men of learning in the There were two men of learning in the city, Jerusalem, who were thought the city, Jerusalem, who were thought the city, Jerusalem, who were thought the most skillful in the laws of their most skillful in the laws of their most skillful in the laws of their country, and were on that account held country, and were on that account held country, and were on that account held in very great esteem all over the in very great esteem all over the in very great esteem all over the nation. nation. nation. They were, the one Judas, the son of They were, the one Judas, the son of They were, the one Judas, the son of Sepphoris, the other Matthias, the son Sepphoris, the other Matthias, the son Sepphoris, the other Matthias, the son of Margalus. of Margalus. of Margalus. There was a great concourse of the young There was a great concourse of the young There was a great concourse of the young men to these men when they expounded the men to these men when they expounded the men to these men when they expounded the laws, and there got together every day a laws, and there got together every day a laws, and there got together every day a kind of army of such as were growing up kind of army of such as were growing up kind of army of such as were growing up to be men. to be men. to be men. Now, when these men were informed that Now, when these men were informed that Now, when these men were informed that the king was wearing away with the king was wearing away with the king was wearing away with melancholy and with a distemper, they melancholy and with a distemper, they melancholy and with a distemper, they dropped words to their acquaintance how dropped words to their acquaintance how dropped words to their acquaintance how it was now a very proper time to defend it was now a very proper time to defend it was now a very proper time to defend the cause of God and to pull down what the cause of God and to pull down what the cause of God and to pull down what had been erected contrary to the laws of had been erected contrary to the laws of had been erected contrary to the laws of their country. For it was unlawful there their country. For it was unlawful there their country. For it was unlawful there should be any such thing in the temple should be any such thing in the temple should be any such thing in the temple as images or faces or the like as images or faces or the like as images or faces or the like representation of any animal whatsoever. representation of any animal whatsoever. representation of any animal whatsoever. Now, the king had put up a golden eagle Now, the king had put up a golden eagle Now, the king had put up a golden eagle over the great gate of the temple, which over the great gate of the temple, which over the great gate of the temple, which these learned men ordered them to cut these learned men ordered them to cut these learned men ordered them to cut down and told them that if there should down and told them that if there should down and told them that if there should any danger arise, it was a glorious any danger arise, it was a glorious any danger arise, it was a glorious thing to die for the laws of their thing to die for the laws of their thing to die for the laws of their country because that the soul was country because that the soul was country because that the soul was immortal and that an eternal enjoyment immortal and that an eternal enjoyment immortal and that an eternal enjoyment of happiness did await such as died on of happiness did await such as died on of happiness did await such as died on that account.

that account. that account. While the mean-spirited and those that While the mean-spirited and those that While the mean-spirited and those that were not wise enough to show a right were not wise enough to show a right were not wise enough to show a right love of their souls preferred a death by love of their souls preferred a death by love of their souls preferred a death by a disease before that which is the a disease before that which is the a disease before that which is the result of a virtuous behavior. result of a virtuous behavior. result of a virtuous behavior. At the same time that these men made At the same time that these men made At the same time that these men made this speech to their disciples, a rumor this speech to their disciples, a rumor this speech to their disciples, a rumor was spread about that the king was was spread about that the king was was spread about that the king was dying, which made the young men set dying, which made the young men set dying, which made the young men set about the work with greater boldness. about the work with greater boldness. about the work with greater boldness. They therefore let themselves down from They therefore let themselves down from They therefore let themselves down from the top of the temple with thick cords the top of the temple with thick cords the top of the temple with thick cords and this at midday and while a great and this at midday and while a great and this at midday and while a great number of people were in the temple and number of people were in the temple and number of people were in the temple and cut down that golden eagle with axes. cut down that golden eagle with axes. cut down that golden eagle with axes. This was presently told to the king's This was presently told to the king's This was presently told to the king's captain of the temple who came running captain of the temple who came running captain of the temple who came running with a great body of soldiers and caught with a great body of soldiers and caught with a great body of soldiers and caught about 40 of the young men and brought about 40 of the young men and brought about 40 of the young men and brought them to the king. them to the king. them to the king. And when he asked them first of all And when he asked them first of all And when he asked them first of all whether they had been so hardy as to cut whether they had been so hardy as to cut whether they had been so hardy as to cut down the eagle, they confessed that they down the eagle, they confessed that they down the eagle, they confessed that they had done so. had done so. had done so. And when he asked him by whose command And when he asked him by whose command And when he asked him by whose command they had done it, they replied, "At the they had done it, they replied, "At the they had done it, they replied, "At the command of the law of their country." command of the law of their country." command of the law of their country." And when he further asked them how they And when he further asked them how they And when he further asked them how they could be so joyful when they were to be could be so joyful when they were to be could be so joyful when they were to be put to death, they replied, "Because put to death, they replied, "Because put to death, they replied, "Because they should enjoy greater happiness they should enjoy greater happiness they should enjoy greater happiness after they were dead."

after they were dead." after they were dead." Footnote: Since in these two sections we Footnote: Since in these two sections we Footnote: Since in these two sections we have an evident account of the Jewish have an evident account of the Jewish have an evident account of the Jewish opinion in the days of Josephus about a opinion in the days of Josephus about a opinion in the days of Josephus about a future happy state, the resurrection of future happy state, the resurrection of future happy state, the resurrection of the dead, as in the New Testament, John the dead, as in the New Testament, John the dead, as in the New Testament, John 11:24. 11:24. 11:24. I shall here refer to the other places I shall here refer to the other places I shall here refer to the other places in Josephus, before he became a Catholic in Josephus, before he became a Catholic in Josephus, before he became a Catholic Christian, which concern the same Christian, which concern the same Christian, which concern the same matters. matters. matters. Of the war, book two, chapter eight, Of the war, book two, chapter eight, Of the war, book two, chapter eight, section 10 11. section 10 11. section 10 11. Book three, chapter eight, section four. Book three, chapter eight, section four. Book three, chapter eight, section four. Book seven, chapter six, section seven. Book seven, chapter six, section seven. Book seven, chapter six, section seven. Contra Apion, book two, section 30. Contra Apion, book two, section 30. Contra Apion, book two, section 30. Where we may observe that none of these Where we may observe that none of these Where we may observe that none of these passages are in his books of passages are in his books of passages are in his books of Antiquities, written peculiarly for the Antiquities, written peculiarly for the Antiquities, written peculiarly for the use of the Gentiles, to whom he thought use of the Gentiles, to whom he thought use of the Gentiles, to whom he thought it not proper to insist on topics so it not proper to insist on topics so it not proper to insist on topics so much out of their way as these were. much out of their way as these were. much out of their way as these were. Nor is this observation to be omitted Nor is this observation to be omitted Nor is this observation to be omitted here, especially on account of the here, especially on account of the here, especially on account of the sensible difference we have now before sensible difference we have now before sensible difference we have now before us in Josephus' reason of the used by us in Josephus' reason of the used by us in Josephus' reason of the used by the Rabbins to persuade their scholars the Rabbins to persuade their scholars the Rabbins to persuade their scholars to hazard their lives for the to hazard their lives for the to hazard their lives for the vindication of God's law against images vindication of God's law against images vindication of God's law against images by Moses, as well as of the answers by Moses, as well as of the answers by Moses, as well as of the answers those scholars made to Herod when they those scholars made to Herod when they those scholars made to Herod when they were caught and ready to die for the were caught and ready to die for the were caught and ready to die for the same.

same. same. I mean as compared with the parallel I mean as compared with the parallel I mean as compared with the parallel arguments and answers represented in the arguments and answers represented in the arguments and answers represented in the Antiquities. Antiquities. Antiquities. A like difference between Jewish and A like difference between Jewish and A like difference between Jewish and Gentile notions, the reader will find in Gentile notions, the reader will find in Gentile notions, the reader will find in my notes on Antiquities. my notes on Antiquities. my notes on Antiquities. See the like also in the case of the See the like also in the case of the See the like also in the case of the three Jewish sects in the Antiquities, three Jewish sects in the Antiquities, three Jewish sects in the Antiquities, and compared with this in his Wars of and compared with this in his Wars of and compared with this in his Wars of the Jew. the Jew. the Jew. Nor does St. Paul himself reason to Nor does St. Paul himself reason to Nor does St. Paul himself reason to Gentile at Athens, Acts 17: 16-34, Gentile at Athens, Acts 17: 16-34, Gentile at Athens, Acts 17: 16-34, as he does to Jews in his Epistle. as he does to Jews in his Epistle. as he does to Jews in his Epistle. End footnote. End footnote. End footnote. At this the king was in such an At this the king was in such an At this the king was in such an extravagant passion that he overcame his extravagant passion that he overcame his extravagant passion that he overcame his disease for the time, and went out and disease for the time, and went out and disease for the time, and went out and spoke to the people, wherein he made a spoke to the people, wherein he made a spoke to the people, wherein he made a terrible accusation against those men as terrible accusation against those men as terrible accusation against those men as being guilty of sacrilege, and as making being guilty of sacrilege, and as making being guilty of sacrilege, and as making greater attempts under pretense of their greater attempts under pretense of their greater attempts under pretense of their law. law. law. And he thought they deserved to be And he thought they deserved to be And he thought they deserved to be punished as impious persons. punished as impious persons. punished as impious persons. Whereupon the people were afraid lest a Whereupon the people were afraid lest a Whereupon the people were afraid lest a great number should be found guilty, and great number should be found guilty, and great number should be found guilty, and desired that when he had first punished desired that when he had first punished desired that when he had first punished those that put him upon this work, and those that put him upon this work, and those that put him upon this work, and then those that were caught in it, he then those that were caught in it, he then those that were caught in it, he would leave off his anger as to the would leave off his anger as to the would leave off his anger as to the rest.

rest. rest. With this the king complied, though not With this the king complied, though not With this the king complied, though not without difficulty, and ordered those without difficulty, and ordered those without difficulty, and ordered those that had let themselves down, together that had let themselves down, together that had let themselves down, together with their rabbins, to be burnt alive, with their rabbins, to be burnt alive, with their rabbins, to be burnt alive, and delivered the rest that were caught and delivered the rest that were caught and delivered the rest that were caught to the proper officers to be put to to the proper officers to be put to to the proper officers to be put to death by them. death by them. death by them. After this, the distemper seized upon After this, the distemper seized upon After this, the distemper seized upon his whole body, and greatly disordered his whole body, and greatly disordered his whole body, and greatly disordered all its parts with various symptoms. For all its parts with various symptoms. For all its parts with various symptoms. For there was a gentle fever upon him, and there was a gentle fever upon him, and there was a gentle fever upon him, and an intolerable itching all over the an intolerable itching all over the an intolerable itching all over the surface of his body, and continual pains surface of his body, and continual pains surface of his body, and continual pains in his colon, and dropsical tumor and in his colon, and dropsical tumor and in his colon, and dropsical tumor and knots about his feet, and an knots about his feet, and an knots about his feet, and an inflammation of the abdomen, and a inflammation of the abdomen, and a inflammation of the abdomen, and a putrefaction of his privy member that putrefaction of his privy member that putrefaction of his privy member that produced worms. produced worms. produced worms. Besides which, he had a difficulty of Besides which, he had a difficulty of Besides which, he had a difficulty of breathing upon him, and could not breathing upon him, and could not breathing upon him, and could not breathe but when he sat upright, and had breathe but when he sat upright, and had breathe but when he sat upright, and had a convulsion of all his members, a convulsion of all his members, a convulsion of all his members, insomuch that the diviners said these insomuch that the diviners said these insomuch that the diviners said these diseases were a punishment upon him for diseases were a punishment upon him for diseases were a punishment upon him for what he had done to the rabbins. what he had done to the rabbins. what he had done to the rabbins. Yet did he struggle with his numerous Yet did he struggle with his numerous Yet did he struggle with his numerous disorders, and still had a desire to disorders, and still had a desire to disorders, and still had a desire to live, and hoped for recovery, and live, and hoped for recovery, and live, and hoped for recovery, and considered of several methods of cure.

considered of several methods of cure. considered of several methods of cure. Accordingly, he went over Jordan and Accordingly, he went over Jordan and Accordingly, he went over Jordan and made use of those hot baths at made use of those hot baths at made use of those hot baths at Callirrhoe, which ran into the lake Callirrhoe, which ran into the lake Callirrhoe, which ran into the lake Asphaltitis, Asphaltitis, Asphaltitis, but are themselves sweet enough to be but are themselves sweet enough to be but are themselves sweet enough to be drunk. drunk. drunk. And here the physicians thought proper And here the physicians thought proper And here the physicians thought proper to bathe his whole body in warm oil, by to bathe his whole body in warm oil, by to bathe his whole body in warm oil, by letting it down into a large vessel full letting it down into a large vessel full letting it down into a large vessel full of oil. Whereupon his eyes failed him, of oil. Whereupon his eyes failed him, of oil. Whereupon his eyes failed him, and he came and went as if he was dying. and he came and went as if he was dying. and he came and went as if he was dying. And as a tumult was then made by his And as a tumult was then made by his And as a tumult was then made by his servants, at their voice he revived servants, at their voice he revived servants, at their voice he revived again. again. again. Yet did he after this despair of Yet did he after this despair of Yet did he after this despair of recovery, and gave orders that each recovery, and gave orders that each recovery, and gave orders that each soldier should have 50 drachmae apiece, soldier should have 50 drachmae apiece, soldier should have 50 drachmae apiece, and that his commanders and friends and that his commanders and friends and that his commanders and friends should have great sums of money given should have great sums of money given should have great sums of money given them. them. them. He then returned back and came to He then returned back and came to He then returned back and came to Jericho in such a melancholy state of Jericho in such a melancholy state of Jericho in such a melancholy state of body as almost threatened him with body as almost threatened him with body as almost threatened him with present death when he proceeded to present death when he proceeded to present death when he proceeded to attempt a horrid wickedness attempt a horrid wickedness attempt a horrid wickedness for he had got together the most for he had got together the most for he had got together the most illustrious men of the whole Jewish illustrious men of the whole Jewish illustrious men of the whole Jewish nation out of every village into a place nation out of every village into a place nation out of every village into a place called the Hippodrome and there shut called the Hippodrome and there shut called the Hippodrome and there shut them in. them in. them in. He then called for his sister Salome and He then called for his sister Salome and He then called for his sister Salome and her husband Alexis and made this speech her husband Alexis and made this speech her husband Alexis and made this speech to them.

to them. to them. I know well enough that the Jews will I know well enough that the Jews will I know well enough that the Jews will keep a festival upon my death. However, keep a festival upon my death. However, keep a festival upon my death. However, it is in my power to be mourned for on it is in my power to be mourned for on it is in my power to be mourned for on other accounts and to have a splendid other accounts and to have a splendid other accounts and to have a splendid funeral if you will but be subservient funeral if you will but be subservient funeral if you will but be subservient to my commands. to my commands. to my commands. Do you but take care to send soldiers to Do you but take care to send soldiers to Do you but take care to send soldiers to encompass these men that are now in encompass these men that are now in encompass these men that are now in custody and slay them immediately upon custody and slay them immediately upon custody and slay them immediately upon my death and then all Judea and every my death and then all Judea and every my death and then all Judea and every family of them will weep at it whether family of them will weep at it whether family of them will weep at it whether they will or no. they will or no. they will or no. These were the commands he gave them These were the commands he gave them These were the commands he gave them when there came letters from his when there came letters from his when there came letters from his ambassadors at Rome whereby information ambassadors at Rome whereby information ambassadors at Rome whereby information was given that Acme was put to death at was given that Acme was put to death at was given that Acme was put to death at Caesar's command and that Antipater was Caesar's command and that Antipater was Caesar's command and that Antipater was condemned to die. condemned to die. condemned to die. However, they wrote with all that if However, they wrote with all that if However, they wrote with all that if Herod had a mind rather to banish him, Herod had a mind rather to banish him, Herod had a mind rather to banish him, Caesar permitted him to do so. Caesar permitted him to do so. Caesar permitted him to do so. So he for a little while revived and had So he for a little while revived and had So he for a little while revived and had a desire to live a desire to live a desire to live but presently he was overborne by his but presently he was overborne by his but presently he was overborne by his pains and was disordered by want of food pains and was disordered by want of food pains and was disordered by want of food and by a convulsive cough and endeavor and by a convulsive cough and endeavor and by a convulsive cough and endeavor to prevent a natural death. So he took to prevent a natural death. So he took to prevent a natural death. So he took an apple and asked for a knife for he an apple and asked for a knife for he an apple and asked for a knife for he used to pare apples and eat them.

used to pare apples and eat them. used to pare apples and eat them. He then looked round about to see that He then looked round about to see that He then looked round about to see that there was nobody to hinder him and lift there was nobody to hinder him and lift there was nobody to hinder him and lift up his right hand as if he would stab up his right hand as if he would stab up his right hand as if he would stab himself. himself. himself. But Achibus, his first cousin, came But Achibus, his first cousin, came But Achibus, his first cousin, came running to him and held his hand and running to him and held his hand and running to him and held his hand and hindered him from so doing on which hindered him from so doing on which hindered him from so doing on which occasion a very great lamentation was occasion a very great lamentation was occasion a very great lamentation was made in the palace as if the king were made in the palace as if the king were made in the palace as if the king were expiring. expiring. expiring. As soon as ever Antipater heard that, he As soon as ever Antipater heard that, he As soon as ever Antipater heard that, he took courage and with joy in his looks took courage and with joy in his looks took courage and with joy in his looks besought his keepers for a sum of money besought his keepers for a sum of money besought his keepers for a sum of money to loose him and let him go. But the to loose him and let him go. But the to loose him and let him go. But the principal keeper of the prison did not principal keeper of the prison did not principal keeper of the prison did not only obstruct him in that his intention only obstruct him in that his intention only obstruct him in that his intention but ran and told the king what his but ran and told the king what his but ran and told the king what his design was. Hereupon, the king cried out design was. Hereupon, the king cried out design was. Hereupon, the king cried out louder than his distemper would well louder than his distemper would well louder than his distemper would well bear, and immediately sent some of his bear, and immediately sent some of his bear, and immediately sent some of his guards and slew Antipater. guards and slew Antipater. guards and slew Antipater. He also gave orders to have him buried He also gave orders to have him buried He also gave orders to have him buried at Herodium, and altered his testament at Herodium, and altered his testament at Herodium, and altered his testament again, and therein made Archelaus his again, and therein made Archelaus his again, and therein made Archelaus his eldest son, and the brother of Antipas, eldest son, and the brother of Antipas, eldest son, and the brother of Antipas, his successor, and made Antipas his successor, and made Antipas his successor, and made Antipas tetrarch. tetrarch. tetrarch. So, Herod, having survived the slaughter So, Herod, having survived the slaughter So, Herod, having survived the slaughter of his son 5 days, died, having reigned of his son 5 days, died, having reigned of his son 5 days, died, having reigned 34 years since he had caused Antigonus 34 years since he had caused Antigonus 34 years since he had caused Antigonus to be slain and obtained his kingdom, to be slain and obtained his kingdom, to be slain and obtained his kingdom, but 37 years since he had been made king but 37 years since he had been made king but 37 years since he had been made king by the Romans.

by the Romans. by the Romans. Now, as for his fortune, it was Now, as for his fortune, it was Now, as for his fortune, it was prosperous in all other respects, if prosperous in all other respects, if prosperous in all other respects, if ever any other man could be so, since ever any other man could be so, since ever any other man could be so, since from a private man he obtained the from a private man he obtained the from a private man he obtained the kingdom and kept it so long, and left it kingdom and kept it so long, and left it kingdom and kept it so long, and left it to his own sons. But still, in his to his own sons. But still, in his to his own sons. But still, in his domestic affairs, he was a most domestic affairs, he was a most domestic affairs, he was a most unfortunate man. unfortunate man. unfortunate man. Now, before the soldiers knew of his Now, before the soldiers knew of his Now, before the soldiers knew of his death, Salome, her husband, came out and death, Salome, her husband, came out and death, Salome, her husband, came out and dismissed those that were in bonds, whom dismissed those that were in bonds, whom dismissed those that were in bonds, whom the king had commanded to be slain, and the king had commanded to be slain, and the king had commanded to be slain, and told them that he had altered his mind, told them that he had altered his mind, told them that he had altered his mind, and would have every one of them sent to and would have every one of them sent to and would have every one of them sent to their own homes. their own homes. their own homes. When these men were gone, Salome told When these men were gone, Salome told When these men were gone, Salome told the soldiers the king was dead, and got the soldiers the king was dead, and got the soldiers the king was dead, and got them and the rest of the multitude them and the rest of the multitude them and the rest of the multitude together to an assembly in the together to an assembly in the together to an assembly in the amphitheater at Jericho, where Ptolemy, amphitheater at Jericho, where Ptolemy, amphitheater at Jericho, where Ptolemy, who was entrusted by the king with his who was entrusted by the king with his who was entrusted by the king with his signet ring, came before them and spake signet ring, came before them and spake signet ring, came before them and spake of the happiness the king had attained, of the happiness the king had attained, of the happiness the king had attained, and comforted the multitude, and read and comforted the multitude, and read and comforted the multitude, and read the epistle which had been left for the the epistle which had been left for the the epistle which had been left for the soldiers, wherein he earnestly exhorted soldiers, wherein he earnestly exhorted soldiers, wherein he earnestly exhorted them to bear goodwill to his successor. them to bear goodwill to his successor. them to bear goodwill to his successor. And after he had read the epistle, he And after he had read the epistle, he And after he had read the epistle, he opened and read his testament, wherein opened and read his testament, wherein opened and read his testament, wherein Philip was to inherit Trachonitis and Philip was to inherit Trachonitis and Philip was to inherit Trachonitis and the neighboring countries, and Antipas the neighboring countries, and Antipas the neighboring countries, and Antipas was to be tetrarch, as we said before, was to be tetrarch, as we said before, was to be tetrarch, as we said before, and Archelaus was made king.

and Archelaus was made king. and Archelaus was made king. He had also been commanded to carry He had also been commanded to carry He had also been commanded to carry Herod's ring to Caesar, and the Herod's ring to Caesar, and the Herod's ring to Caesar, and the settlements he had made sealed up, settlements he had made sealed up, settlements he had made sealed up, because Caesar was to be lord of all the because Caesar was to be lord of all the because Caesar was to be lord of all the settlements he had made, and was to settlements he had made, and was to settlements he had made, and was to confirm his testament. And he ordered confirm his testament. And he ordered confirm his testament. And he ordered that the dispositions he had made were that the dispositions he had made were that the dispositions he had made were to be kept as they were in his former to be kept as they were in his former to be kept as they were in his former testament. testament. testament. So, there was an acclamation made to So, there was an acclamation made to So, there was an acclamation made to Archelaus to congratulate him upon his Archelaus to congratulate him upon his Archelaus to congratulate him upon his advancement, and the soldiers with the advancement, and the soldiers with the advancement, and the soldiers with the multitude went round about in troops and multitude went round about in troops and multitude went round about in troops and promised him their goodwill, and besides promised him their goodwill, and besides promised him their goodwill, and besides prayed to God to bless his government. prayed to God to bless his government. prayed to God to bless his government. After this, they betook themselves to After this, they betook themselves to After this, they betook themselves to prepare for the king's funeral, and prepare for the king's funeral, and prepare for the king's funeral, and Archelaus omitted nothing of Archelaus omitted nothing of Archelaus omitted nothing of magnificence therein, but brought out magnificence therein, but brought out magnificence therein, but brought out all the royal ornaments to augment the all the royal ornaments to augment the all the royal ornaments to augment the pomp of the deceased. pomp of the deceased. pomp of the deceased. There was a bier all of gold embroidered There was a bier all of gold embroidered There was a bier all of gold embroidered with precious stones and a purple bed of with precious stones and a purple bed of with precious stones and a purple bed of various contexture with the dead body various contexture with the dead body various contexture with the dead body upon it covered with purple, and a upon it covered with purple, and a upon it covered with purple, and a diadem was put upon his head and a crown diadem was put upon his head and a crown diadem was put upon his head and a crown of gold above it, and a scepter in his of gold above it, and a scepter in his of gold above it, and a scepter in his right hand, and near to the bier were right hand, and near to the bier were right hand, and near to the bier were Herod's sons and a multitude of his Herod's sons and a multitude of his Herod's sons and a multitude of his kindred. Next to which came his guards kindred. Next to which came his guards kindred. Next to which came his guards and the regiment of Thracians, the and the regiment of Thracians, the and the regiment of Thracians, the Germans also and Gauls, all accounted as Germans also and Gauls, all accounted as Germans also and Gauls, all accounted as if they were going to war, but the rest if they were going to war, but the rest if they were going to war, but the rest of the army went foremost armed and of the army went foremost armed and of the army went foremost armed and following their captains and officers in following their captains and officers in following their captains and officers in a regular manner, after whom 500 of his a regular manner, after whom 500 of his a regular manner, after whom 500 of his domestic servants and freedmen followed domestic servants and freedmen followed domestic servants and freedmen followed with sweet spices in their hands, and with sweet spices in their hands, and with sweet spices in their hands, and the body was carried 200 furlongs to the body was carried 200 furlongs to the body was carried 200 furlongs to Herodium, where he had given order to be Herodium, where he had given order to be Herodium, where he had given order to be buried.

buried. buried. And this shall suffice for the And this shall suffice for the And this shall suffice for the conclusion of the life of Herod. conclusion of the life of Herod. conclusion of the life of Herod. End of Book 1, Chapter 33. End of Book End of Book 1, Chapter 33. End of Book End of Book 1, Chapter 33. End of Book 1.